Name: sensitive detection of proteopathic seeding activity with fret flow cytometry
Uploaded: 2015-12-08T13:00:00
Description: Watch this Scientific Journal Video about Sensitive Detection of Proteopathic Seeding Activity with FRET Flow Cytometry at JoVE.com

This work was supported by the Tau Consortium (M.I.D); National Institutes of Health Grant 1R01NS071835 (M.I.D.), a Department of Defense Grant PT110816 (to M.I.D.), 1F32NS087805 (to J.L.F.), and 1F31NS079039 (to B.B.H.).

주 :이 프로토콜은 FRET의 사용은 마우스 생물학적 시료에서 시딩 활성을 검출하기위한 유세포 강조한다. 또한, 피 브릴과 재조합 인간 생물학적 시료와 호환된다. 마우스를 안락사 뇌 수확은 IACUC 승인 절차에 따라 수행 하였다. 1. 뇌 추출 <ol><li> 이소 플루 란 (2 %)와 깊은 마취를 따르는 것은, 얼음처럼 차가운 PBS는 0.03 %의 헤파린을 포함와 마우스를 관류하고, 게이지 등에 기술 된 사...

<ol>
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여기에 설명 된 FRET 유동 세포 계측법 시스템은 신속하고 정량적 타우 파종 활동을 평가하기위한 강력한 도구입니다. 그것은 단지 적당한 세포 배양 경험과 FRET에 대한 실무 지식과 유동 세포 계측법을 필요로한다. 베타 시트 구조에 결합하면 형광을 강화 전시 - - 등 Thioflavin T와 같은 다른 시드 분석은, 수고하고 순수한, 재조합 단백질 기판을 필요로한다. 또한, 타우에 대한 시험 관내 시드...

세포 내 타우 아밀로이드의 축적은 알츠하이머 질환과 같은 퇴행성 신경을 정의한다. 초기 질병 단계에서, 병리학은 일반적으로 뇌의 이산 지역 언어로 번역되어 있지만, 질병의 진행과 함께, 병리는 변함없이 별개의 신경망 1-5을 따라 확산. 축적 증거가 독성 단백질 응집체의 세포 횡단 전파가 (6-10에서 검토)이 병리의 기초가 제안합니다. 이 모델에서, proteopathic 종자 (예 타우) 공여 세포로부터 방출되고, 주형 형태 변화 11-15 비아 미스 폴딩 형태로 네이티브 타우 단백질을 변형, 인접 셀 입력. 여기에 설명 된 분석은 이러한 민감 시딩 활성을 검출하기 위해 개발되었다. 그것은 재조합 단백질 및 생체 시료와 호환되며 proteopathic 시드 활동 16 분 수준의 정량화 할 수 있습니다. 안정적 타우 반복 D를 표현하는 HEK 293T 세포CFP 또는 YFP 하나에 융합 된 질병 - 관련 돌연변이 P301S 함유 omain (RD)는 시딩 활성의 안정적 바이오 센서로서 기능 (이하 타우 RD-CFP / YFP 셀이라 함). proteopathic 씨의 부재 하에서, 세포는 수용성 단량체로서 타우을 유지하고 뚜렷한 배경 FRET 없다. 세포에 자발적 흡수 또는 타우 씨의 리포좀 - 매개 형질 그러나, 유동 세포 계측법을 통해 단일 ​​세포 내에서 측정 FRET 신호를 생성 RD-CFP 및 RD-YFP 집계, 결과. 이 분석의 다수의 구성 요소는 감도를 향상시키고 변동을 줄일 수 있도록 설계되었다. 1 단일 클론 세포주 : 그것은 최적의 신호를 제공하기 때문에 1 RD-CFP / YFP 발현 비율이 선정되었다 : 소음. 감도를 높이기 위해, 인지질은 세포 내로 직접 도입하는 종자를 사용하는 (흡수 생물학적 메커니즘을 연구하는 있지만, 이는 생략 될 수있다). 마지막으로, 인구 수준 및 단일 셀에서 모니터 FRET 유동 세포 계측법<html> 레벨, 다른 단백질 응집 분석법 달리. 최종 결과 측정, FRET 집적 밀도가 높은 정량하고 응집 세포의 수, 각 집합은 셀 내에서 발생하는 정도 모두를 차지한다. 이러한 최적화는 모든 파라미터 감도 향상 및 재현성을 보장한다. 이 시스템은 최근에 일반적으로 사용되는 타우 병리학 마커 시간 발병과 타우 시드 활동 상대의 진행 (예를 들어, MC1, AT8, PG5 및 ThioflavinS)을 평가 형질 전환 P301S 타우 병증 마우스 (17)의 포괄적 인 연구에 사용 하였다. 시드 활동으로 지금까지 최소한 6 주까지 조직 학적 검색을 이전 평가 타우 병리학의 초기와 가장 강력한 마커입니다. 시드 활동 개시 및 / 또는 신경 퇴행 (16)의 진행에 proteopathic 씨의 인과 적 역할을 제안, 1.5 개월 점진적으로 연령 증가에 나타납니다. e_content &quot;&gt; 생물학적 시료에서 시드 물질의 미세한 수준의 정확한 정량. 초기 질병 진행을 모니터링 연구를 용이하게 할 수있는 시험 기간을 단축하고 어린 동물들의 사용을 가능하게함으로써,이 전임상 동물 실험의 효율성 및 정확성을 증가시킬 수있다. 예를 들면, P301S 마우스 전술 납 화합물은 초기 4~6주만큼 제공 될 수있는, 2-4 주 후에 효능을 모니터링. 분석 정확하게 파종 어떠한 감소를 정량화한다 (또는 시딩 활성의 발병 직전) 활성. 계측법 관내 스크리닝 응용뿐만. 예를 들어, 항 - 타우 시약 (예, 항체, 소분자 등) 중 재조합 타우를 사용하여, 배양에서 직접 유도 시드 차단하는 그들의 능력에 대해 신속하게 시험 될 수있다 흐름 FRET 시드 소스 (그림 5).이 설정으로, 씨앗 재료가 준비되면, 전으로 집계 또는 뇌 유래 해물periment 데이터 분석을 포함, 완료하는 데 사흘이 걸립니다. proteopathic 시딩 활성의 신속한 정량 따라서 신경 퇴행의 많은 연구를 용이하게 할 수있다.

<table>
	<tbody>
		<tr>
			<td>TBS</td>
			<td>Sigma</td>
			<td>T5912</td>
		</tr>
		<tr>
			<td>cOmplete Protease Inhibitors (EDTA-free)</td>
			<td>Roche</td>
			<td>4693159001</td>
		</tr>
		<tr>
			<td>Cryo-vials</td>
			<td>Sarstedt</td>
			<td>72.694.006</td>
		</tr>
		<tr>
			<td>Analytical Balance</td>
			<td>Mettler Toledo</td>
			<td>XSE 105DU</td>
		</tr>
		<tr>
			<td>Weighing Boats</td>
			<td>Fisher Scientific</td>
			<td>13-735-743</td>
		</tr>
		<tr>
			<td>15 mL conical tube</td>
			<td>USA Scientific</td>
			<td>1475-0501</td>
		</tr>
		<tr>
			<td>Omni Sonic Ruptor Ultrasonic Homogenizer</td>
			<td>Omni International</td>
			<td>18-000-115</td>
		</tr>
		<tr>
			<td>Micro-Tip for Ultrasonic Homogenizer</td>
			<td>Omni International</td>
			<td>OR-T-156</td>
		</tr>
		<tr>
			<td>2-Propanol</td>
			<td>Fisher Scientific</td>
			<td>A451</td>
		</tr>
		<tr>
			<td>Noise Cancelling Ear Muffs</td>
			<td>Fisher Scientific</td>
			<td>19-145-412</td>
		</tr>
		<tr>
			<td>Kimwipes</td>
			<td>Fisher Scientific</td>
			<td>S47299</td>
		</tr>
		<tr>
			<td>1.5 mL tubes</td>
			<td>USA Scientific</td>
			<td><a href="http://www.usascientific.com/Seal-Rite-1.5-ml-tube-sterile.aspx">1615-5510</a></td>
		</tr>
		<tr>
			<td>Microcentrifuge&#160;</td>
			<td>Eppendorf</td>
			<td>5424 000.215</td>
		</tr>
		<tr>
			<td>DPBS</td>
			<td>Life Technologies</td>
			<td>14190-136</td>
		</tr>
		<tr>
			<td>DMEM</td>
			<td>Life Technologies</td>
			<td>11965-084</td>
		</tr>
		<tr>
			<td>Fetal Bovine Serum</td>
			<td>HyClone</td>
			<td>SH30071.03</td>
		</tr>
		<tr>
			<td>Penicillin-Streptomycin</td>
			<td>Life Technologies</td>
			<td>15140-122</td>
		</tr>
		<tr>
			<td>GlutaMax</td>
			<td>Life Technologies</td>
			<td>35050-061</td>
		</tr>
		<tr>
			<td>Trypsin-EDTA</td>
			<td>Life Technologies</td>
			<td>25300-054</td>
		</tr>
		<tr>
			<td>50 mL Conical Tubes</td>
			<td>Phenix Research</td>
			<td>SS-PH15</td>
		</tr>
		<tr>
			<td>25 mL reagent resevoirs</td>
			<td>VWR</td>
			<td>41428-954</td>
		</tr>
		<tr>
			<td>Multi channel pipet</td>
			<td>Fisher Scientific</td>
			<td>TI13-690-049</td>
		</tr>
		<tr>
			<td>96 well flat bottom plates</td>
			<td>Corning</td>
			<td>3603</td>
		</tr>
		<tr>
			<td>Opti-MEM</td>
			<td>Life Technologies</td>
			<td>31985-070</td>
		</tr>
		<tr>
			<td>Lipofectamine 2000</td>
			<td>Invitrogen</td>
			<td>11668019</td>
		</tr>
		<tr>
			<td>96 well round bottom plates</td>
			<td>Corning</td>
			<td>3788</td>
		</tr>
		<tr>
			<td>16% Paraformaldehyde</td>
			<td>Electron Microscopy Sciences</td>
			<td>RT 15710</td>
		</tr>
		<tr>
			<td>PBS</td>
			<td>Sigma-Aldrich</td>
			<td>P5493</td>
		</tr>
		<tr>
			<td>EDTA</td>
			<td>Sigma-Aldrich</td>
			<td>ED2SS</td>
		</tr>
		<tr>
			<td>HBSS</td>
			<td>Life Technologies</td>
			<td>14185-052</td>
		</tr>
		<tr>
			<td>Sorvall ST 40 Centrifuge</td>
			<td>Thermo Scientific</td>
			<td>75004509</td>
		</tr>
		<tr>
			<td>BIOLiner Swinging Bucket Rotor</td>
			<td>Thermo Scientific</td>
			<td>75003796</td>
		</tr>
		<tr>
			<td>Hemacytometer</td>
			<td>VWR</td>
			<td>15170-172</td>
		</tr>
		<tr>
			<td>MACSQuant VYB Flow Cytomter</td>
			<td>Miltenyi Biotec</td>
			<td>130-096-116</td>
		</tr>
		<tr>
			<td>Chill 96 Rack</td>
			<td>Miltenyi Biotec</td>
			<td>130-094-459</td>
		</tr>
		<tr>
			<td>Flow Jo analysis software</td>
			<td>Flow Jo</td>
			<td></td>
		</tr>
		<tr>
			<td>20 uL pipet tips</td>
			<td>Rainin</td>
			<td>GPS-L10</td>
		</tr>
		<tr>
			<td>200 uL pipet tips</td>
			<td>Rainin</td>
			<td>GPS-250</td>
		</tr>
		<tr>
			<td>1 mL pipet tips</td>
			<td>Rainin</td>
			<td>GPS-1000</td>
		</tr>
		<tr>
			<td>200 uL pipet tips</td>
			<td>USA Scientific</td>
			<td>1111-1800</td>
		</tr>
		<tr>
			<td>5 mL serological pipett</td>
			<td>Phenix Research</td>
			<td>SPG-606180</td>
		</tr>
		<tr>
			<td>10 mL serological pipett</td>
			<td>Phenix Research</td>
			<td>SPG-607180</td>
		</tr>
		<tr>
			<td>25 mL Serological pipett</td>
			<td>Phenix Research</td>
			<td>SPG-760180</td>
		</tr>
	</tbody>
</table>

sensitive detection of proteopathic seeding activity with fret flow cytometry

Increasing evidence supports transcellular propagation of toxic protein aggregates, or proteopathic seeds, as a mechanism for the initiation and progression of pathology in several neurodegenerative diseases, including Alzheimer's disease and the related tauopathies. The potentially critical role of tau seeds in disease progression strongly supports the need for a sensitive assay that readily detects seeding activity in biological samples. 
By combining the specificity of fluorescence resonance energy transfer (FRET), the sensitivity of flow cytometry, and the stability of a monoclonal cell line, an ultra-sensitive seeding assay has been engineered and is compatible with seed detection from recombinant or biological samples, including human and mouse brain homogenates. The assay employs monoclonal HEK 293T cells that stably express the aggregation-prone repeat domain (RD) of tau harboring the disease-associated P301S mutation fused to either CFP or YFP, which produce a FRET signal upon protein aggregation. The uptake of proteopathic tau seeds (but not other proteins) into the biosensor cells stimulates aggregation of RD-CFP and RD-YFP, and flow cytometry sensitively and quantitatively monitors this aggregation-induced FRET. The assay detects femtomolar concentrations (monomer equivalent) of recombinant tau seeds, has a dynamic range spanning three orders of magnitude, and is compatible with brain homogenates from tauopathy transgenic mice and human tauopathy subjects. With slight modifications, the assay can also detect seeding activity of other proteopathic seeds, such as &#945;-synuclein, and is also compatible with primary neuronal cultures. The ease, sensitivity, and broad applicability of FRET flow cytometry makes it useful to study a wide range of protein aggregation disorders.

FRET 유동 세포 계측법에 민감한, 양적, 재조합 또는 생물학적 시료에서 파종 작업을 신속하게 검출 할 수 있습니다. 분석 설치가 용이 한 것입니다 : 타우-RD-CFP / YFP을 표현하는 단일 클론 유래 안정적인 세포주는 24 ~ 48 시간 동안 배양, 종자 물질로 형질 도입 및 분석 (그림 1A) 유동 세포 계측법의 대상이된다. 씨의 부재에서, 바이오 센서 셀 가용성, 단량체 형태 (도 1b) 타?...

Watch this Scientific Journal Video about Sensitive Detection of Proteopathic Seeding Activity with FRET Flow Cytometry at JoVE.com

Sensitive Detection of Proteopathic Seeding Activity with FRET Flow Cytometry

Cell-to-cell transfer of protein aggregates, or proteopathic seeds, may underlie the progression of pathology in neurodegenerative diseases. Here, a novel FRET flow cytometry assay is described that enables specific and sensitive detection of seeding activity from recombinant or biological samples.

FRET 유동 세포 계측법과 Proteopathic의 시드 활동의 민감한 검출

Increasing evidence supports transcellular propagation of toxic protein aggregates, or proteopathic seeds, as a mechanism for the initiation and ...

Research

JoVE Journal

Bioengineering

Analyzing Cellular Internalization of Nanoparticles and Bacteria by Multi-spectral Imaging Flow Cytometry

멀티 스펙트럼 이미징 유동세포계측법 의해 Nanoparticles과 박테리아의 세포 내면화 분석

Nanoparticulate  systems have emerged as valuable tools in vaccine delivery through their  ability to efficiently deliver cargo, including proteins, to ...

연구

생체공학

Evaluation of Polymeric Gene Delivery Nanoparticles by Nanoparticle Tracking Analysis and High-throughput Flow Cytometry

고분자 유전자 배달에 대한 평가는 Nanoparticle 추적 분석 및 높은 처리량 유동 세포 계측법에 의해 나노 입자

Non-viral gene delivery using polymeric nanoparticles has emerged as an attractive approach for gene therapy to treat genetic diseases1 and as a ...

Wide-field Fluorescent Microscopy and Fluorescent Imaging Flow Cytometry on a Cell-phone

휴대 전화에 폭 넓은 분야 형광 현미경과 형광 이미징 유동 세포 계측법

Fluorescent microscopy and flow cytometry are widely used tools in biomedical research and clinical diagnosis. However these devices are in general ...

Localization and Relative Quantification of Carbon Nanotubes in Cells with Multispectral Imaging Flow Cytometry

멀티 스펙트럼 이미징 유동 세포 계측법과 세포의 현지화 및 탄소 나노 튜브의 상대 정량

Carbon-based nanomaterials, like carbon nanotubes (CNTs), belong to this type of nanoparticles which are very difficult to discriminate from carbon-rich ...

Flying Insect Detection and Classification with Inexpensive Sensors

저렴한 센서와 곤충 검출 및 분류 플라잉

An inexpensive, noninvasive system that could accurately classify flying insects would have important implications for entomological research, and allow ...

Fast Enzymatic Processing of Proteins for MS Detection with a Flow-through Microreactor

플로우를 통해 마이크로 반응기와 MS 검출을위한 단백질의 빠른 효소 처리

The vast majority of mass spectrometry (MS)-based protein analysis methods involve an enzymatic digestion step prior to detection, typically with trypsin. ...

Isolation of Primary Murine Retinal Ganglion Cells (RGCs) by Flow Cytometry

Isolation of Primary Murine Retinal Ganglion Cells RGCs by Flow Cytometry

유동 세포 계측법에 의한 일차 망막 신경절 세포 (RGCs)의 분리

Neurodegenerative diseases often have a devastating impact on those affected. Retinal ganglion cell (RGC) loss is implicated in an array of diseases, ...

An Automated Method to Perform The In Vitro Micronucleus Assay using Multispectral Imaging Flow Cytometry

다중 스펙트럼 화상 진찰 교류 세포측정을 사용하여 시험관 내 미세핵 분석기를 능력을 발휘하는 자동화된 방법

The in vitro micronucleus (MN) assay is often used to evaluate cytotoxicity and genotoxicity but scoring the assay via manual microscopy is laborious and ...

Ovarian Cancer Detection Using Photoacoustic Flow Cytometry

광음향 유동 세포측정을 이용한 난소암 검출

Many studies suggest that the enumeration of circulating tumor cells (CTCs) may show promise as a prognostic tool for ovarian cancer. Current strategies ...