Name: synthesis and functionalization of 3d nano-graphene materials: graphene aerogels and graphene macro assemblies
Uploaded: 2015-11-05T14:00:00
Description: Watch this Scientific Journal Video about Synthesis and Functionalization of 3D Nano-graphene Materials: Graphene Aerogels and Graphene Macro Assemblies at JoVE.com

This work was performed under the auspices of the U.S. Department of Energy by Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory under Contract DE-AC52-07NA27344. IM release LLNL-JRNL-667016.

1.间苯二酚 - 甲醛（RF）的衍生的石墨烯气凝胶<ol><li>的Na 2 CO 3催化碳气凝胶（11％固体，CRF） <ol><li>在40 ml的闪烁管中，去离子水（7.1毫升）加入到间苯二酚（0.625克，5.68毫摩尔）和混合在涡流1分钟。粉碎使用研钵和研杵之前水添加大间苯二酚件成粉末。需要注意的是，他们可能无法完全溶解，直到下一个步骤。 </li><li>添加37％甲醛溶液（为0.900克，11.4毫摩尔）的间苯二酚浆料，涡旋1?...

<ol>
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需要注意的是这里描述的程序是唯一的代表是重要的。许多调整是可能的调整材料用于特定应用。例如，改变起始材料的浓度，同时保持间苯二酚/甲醛（RF）的比率恒定，可以对最终材料的密度产生影响。催化剂负载可以改变孔结构，作为一个较高的负荷在RF过程导致更小的一次颗粒，反之亦然。激活时能起到一定作用，以​​及;在更短的激活时间，新的孔隙率在微孔的形式产生的，而在较长的?...

由于石墨烯的在2004年的隔离，在利用其独特的性能1兴趣已经导致朝向组装石墨烯强烈的努力成保持单个的石墨烯片的特性的立体感，整体结构。2-5这些努力受到阻碍的事实上，石墨烯本身是昂贵的和耗时的，以产生并倾向于聚集在溶液中，这限制了基于石墨烯积木材料的可伸缩性。另外，石墨烯组件典型地包括单个的石墨烯片材之间的物理交联的互动（例如，范德华力），这是更导电的和比化学键交联机械坚固的。劳伦斯·利弗莫尔国家实验室曾参与新型多孔，低密度的碳材料的开发，因为20世纪80年代。6几种策略已经确定制作质量，机生产线从两个低成本聚合物衍生的碳泡沫材料，这是所谓的石墨烯气凝胶（气），7以及通过直接交联的石墨烯氧化物的（GO）片，埚基于石墨烯的单片散装材料被称为石墨烯宏观组件（GMAS）。8,9-这些超高表面积散装材料具有高电导率和热导，优异的机械强度和弹性，以及可调孔隙形态。气体和GMAS发现实用程序在许多应用中，包括在超级电容器的电极材料和可再充电电池，先进的催化剂载体，吸附剂，热绝缘，传感器和脱盐。10 石墨烯气凝胶的合成与间苯二酚和甲醛的水溶液溶胶 - 凝胶聚合开始产生高度交联的有机凝胶。这些凝胶用水和丙酮洗涤，然后干燥使用超临界的 CO 2和热解中的inert气氛，得到碳气凝胶具有相对低的表面积和孔体积。碳气凝胶是由控制除去温和氧化条件下碳原子的活化（例如，CO 2），以形成无定形碳和石墨纳米片组成的交联材料，具有较高的表面积，开放的孔结构。7的一个独特的优点溶胶 - 凝胶合成的是，气体可以被制造成各种形式，包括整料和薄膜，这取决于应用的需要。碳纳米管11和/或石墨烯片12可以通过包括这些添加剂中的溶胶-凝胶前体溶液被整合到气体。这产生在其中添加剂成为主碳网络结构的一部分的复合结构。此外，遗传算法的框架可以官能碳化/活化之后或者通过气凝胶表面的修饰或通过材料的沉积，例如催化剂纳米颗粒，上框架结构13 石墨烯宏组件（GMAS）由制备直接交联悬浮石墨烯氧化物（GO）片，利用其固有的化学功能方面具有优势。9 GO片含有多种官能团，包括环氧化物和氢氧化物的部分，可以作为化学交联位点。正如GA准备，组装GMAS是超临界干燥，保持多孔网络，再热解，以减少化学交联成提供的组装结构支撑导电碳桥梁。由于石墨烯片之间的共价碳桥，GMAS具有电导率和机械刚度是幅度比与物理交联形成的石墨烯组件更高的数量级。此外，GMAS具有接近单个石墨烯片的理论值的表面区域。后期合成热牛逼reatment在升高的温度（&gt; 1050℃）能显著改善GMAS的结晶，导致甚至更高的传导性和杨氏模量以及更好的耐热氧化性。GMAS 14后合成的化学治疗与氧化还原活性的有机分子，如蒽醌可以增强电荷存储容量在超级电容器的应用。15 气体和GMAS的可调材料性质，部分的仔细改变合成条件，如试剂和催化剂浓度，固化时间和温度，干燥条件，和碳化/活化处理的结果。16此细节视频协议旨在解决歧义在公开的方法，并引导研究者试图再现材料和条件。

<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
	<tbody>
		<tr>
			<td>Single Layer Graphene Oxide</td>
			<td>Cheap Tubes</td>
			<td>n/a</td>
			<td>300-800nm XY dimensions</td>
		</tr>
		<tr>
			<td>single wall carbon nano tubes (SWCNTs)</td>
			<td>Carbon Solutions</td>
			<td>P2-SWNT</td>
			<td></td>
		</tr>
		<tr>
			<td>resorcinol</td>
			<td>aldrich</td>
			<td>398047-500G</td>
			<td></td>
		</tr>
		<tr>
			<td>37% formaldehyde solution in water</td>
			<td>aldrich</td>
			<td>252549</td>
			<td></td>
		</tr>
		<tr>
			<td>acetic acid</td>
			<td>aldrich</td>
			<td>320099</td>
			<td></td>
		</tr>
		<tr>
			<td>ammonium hydroxide solution 28-30% NH3 basis</td>
			<td>aldrich</td>
			<td>320145</td>
			<td></td>
		</tr>
		<tr>
			<td>sodium carbonate</td>
			<td>aldrich</td>
			<td>791768</td>
			<td></td>
		</tr>
		<tr>
			<td>anthraquinone</td>
			<td>aldrich</td>
			<td>a90004</td>
			<td></td>
		</tr>
		<tr>
			<td>Polaron supercritical dryer</td>
			<td>Electron Microscopy Sciences</td>
			<td>EMS 3100</td>
			<td>this is a representative model, any critical point dryer compatible with acetone should work</td>
		</tr>
	</tbody>
</table>

synthesis and functionalization of 3d nano-graphene materials: graphene aerogels and graphene macro assemblies

努力组装石墨成三维整体结构而受到阻碍的高成本和石墨烯的加工性差。此外，大多数报道的石墨烯组件被一起通过物理相互作用（例如，范德华力），而不是化学键，这限制了它们的机械强度和导电性保持。此视频的方法的细节最近开发战略，制造大量生产，石墨烯基无论从聚合物泡沫材料或单层氧化石墨烯衍生的散装物料。这些材料主要包括通过共价键合的碳的接头连接单个的石墨烯片。它们保持石墨烯的有利性质，例如高表面积和高导电和导热性，并结合可调孔隙形态和优异的机械强度和弹性。这种灵活的合成方法可以扩展到聚合物/碳纳米管（CNT）的制造ð聚合物/氧化石墨烯（GO）复合材料。此外，附加的后合成官能与蒽醌被描述，这使得在超级电容器应用中电荷存储性能的显着增加。

材料组成和形态的制造过程中的演化可以跟踪各种方式，包括X-射线衍射，喇曼和NMR光谱法，电子显微镜，和孔度计。例如，在合成，热解和CO 2的活化气体中，转化率，接着通过X射线衍射（XRD）（图1E）。由于没有在激活（蓝色迹线）后的X射线衍射图案的堆叠相关（002）衍射峰的表示从含纳米石墨片的一个选自由单层石墨烯的结构的过渡。扫描电子显微镜（SEM）和高分辨透?...

Watch this Scientific Journal Video about Synthesis and Functionalization of 3D Nano-graphene Materials: Graphene Aerogels and Graphene Macro Assemblies at JoVE.com

Synthesis and Functionalization of 3D Nano-graphene Materials: Graphene Aerogels and Graphene Macro Assemblies

This video method describes the synthesis of high surface area, monolithic 3D graphene-based materials derived from polymer precursors as well as single layer graphene oxide.

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The electrical response of NH2-functionalized graphene nanoplatelets composite materials under strain was studied. Two different manufacturing methods are ...

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