Name: cortex-, hippocampus-, thalamus-, hypothalamus-, lateral septal nucleus- and striatum-specific in utero electroporation in the c57bl/6 mouse
Uploaded: 2016-01-18T14:00:00
Description: Watch this Scientific Journal Video about Cortex-, Hippocampus-, Thalamus-, Hypothalamus-, Lateral Septal Nucleus- and Striatum-specific In Utero Electroporation in the C57BL/6 Mouse at JoVE.com

Technical supported by Melanie Pfeifer and Nikolai Schmarowski (Institute for Microscopic Anatomy and Neurobiology, University Medical Center Mainz).

倫理声明：マウスの​​取り扱いおよび実験手順は、動物のケアのためのヨーロッパ、国および施設のガイドラインに従って行いました。 1. 子宮内エレクトロポレーション注意： 子宮内エレクトロポレーションでは 、以前に公開12,14のように行きました。したがって、この方法は、以下の（ 図1）に簡単に説?...

<ol>
	<li>Fukuchi-Shimogori, T., Grove, E. A. <a target="_blank" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?db=PubMed&cmd=Search&doptcmdl=Citation&defaultField=Title+Word&term=Neocortex+patterning+by+the+secreted+signaling+molecule+FGF8.">Neocortex patterning by the secreted signaling molecule FGF8.</a> Science. 294 (5544), 1071-1074 (2001).</li><li>Saito, T., Nakatsuji, N. <a target="_blank" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?db=PubMed&cmd=Search&doptcmdl=Citation&defaultField=Title+Word&term=Efficient+gene+transfer+into+the+embryonic+mouse+brain+using+in+vivo+electroporation.">Efficient gene transfer into the embryonic mouse brain using in vivo electroporation.</a> Dev Biol. 240 (1), 237-246 (2001).</li><li>Tabata, H., Nakajima, K. <a target="_blank" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?db=PubMed&cmd=Search&doptcmdl=Citation&defaultField=Title+Word&term=Efficient+in+utero+gene+transfer+system+to+the+developing+mouse+brain+using+electroporation:+Visualization+of+neuronal+migration+in+the+developing+cortex.">Efficient in utero gene transfer system to the developing mouse brain using electroporation: Visualization of neuronal migration in the developing cortex.</a> Neuroscience. 103 (4), 865-872 (2001).</li><li>LoTurco, J., Manent, J. B., Sidiqi, F. <a target="_blank" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?db=PubMed&cmd=Search&doptcmdl=Citation&defaultField=Title+Word&term=New+and+improved+tools+for+in+utero+electroporation+studies+of+developing+cerebral+cortex.">New and improved tools for in utero electroporation studies of developing cerebral cortex.</a> Cereb Cortex. 19 (July), i120-i125 (1991).</li><li>Nakahira, E., Yuasa, S. <a target="_blank" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?db=PubMed&cmd=Search&doptcmdl=Citation&defaultField=Title+Word&term=Neuronal+generation,+migration,+and+differentiation+in+the+mouse+hippocampal+primoridium+as+revealed+by+enhanced+green+fluorescent+protein+gene+transfer+by+means+of+in+utero+electroporation.">Neuronal generation, migration, and differentiation in the mouse hippocampal primoridium as revealed by enhanced green fluorescent protein gene transfer by means of in utero electroporation.</a> J Comp Neurol. 483 (3), 329-340 (2005).</li><li>Navarro-Quiroga, I., Chittajallu, R., Gallo, V., Haydar, T. F. <a target="_blank" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?db=PubMed&cmd=Search&doptcmdl=Citation&defaultField=Title+Word&term=Long-term,+selective+gene+expression+in+developing+and+adult+hippocampal+pyramidal+neurons+using+focal+in+utero+electroporation.">Long-term, selective gene expression in developing and adult hippocampal pyramidal neurons using focal in utero electroporation.</a> J Neurosci. 27 (19), 5007-5011 (2007).</li><li>Borrell, V., Yoshimura, Y., Callaway, E. M. <a target="_blank" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?db=PubMed&cmd=Search&doptcmdl=Citation&defaultField=Title+Word&term=Targeted+gene+delivery+to+telencephalic+inhibitory+neurons+by+directional+in+utero+electroporation.">Targeted gene delivery to telencephalic inhibitory neurons by directional in utero electroporation.</a> J Neurosci Methods. 143 (2), 151-158 (2005).</li><li>Kolk, S. M., de Mooij-Malsen, A. J., Martens, G. J. M. <a target="_blank" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?db=PubMed&cmd=Search&doptcmdl=Citation&defaultField=Title+Word&term=Spatiotemporal+Molecular+Approach+of+in+utero+Electroporation+to+Functionally+Decipher+Endophenotypes+in+Neurodevelopmental+Disorders.">Spatiotemporal Molecular Approach of in utero Electroporation to Functionally Decipher Endophenotypes in Neurodevelopmental Disorders.</a> FNMOL. 4 (November), 37 (2011).</li><li>Tomita, K., Kubo, K. I., Ishii, K., Nakajima, K. <a target="_blank" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?db=PubMed&cmd=Search&doptcmdl=Citation&defaultField=Title+Word&term=Disrupted-in-schizophrenia-1+(Disc1)+is+necessary+for+migration+of+the+pyramidal+neurons+during+mouse+hippocampal+development.">Disrupted-in-schizophrenia-1 (Disc1) is necessary for migration of the pyramidal neurons during mouse hippocampal development.</a> Hu Mol Gen. 20 (14), 2834-2845 (2011).</li><li>Niwa, M., Kamiya, A., et al. <a target="_blank" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?db=PubMed&cmd=Search&doptcmdl=Citation&defaultField=Title+Word&term=Knockdown+of+DISC1+by+In+Utero+Gene+Transfer+Disturbs+Postnatal+Dopaminergic+Maturation+in+the+Frontal+Cortex+and+Leads+to+Adult+Behavioral+Deficits.">Knockdown of DISC1 by In Utero Gene Transfer Disturbs Postnatal Dopaminergic Maturation in the Frontal Cortex and Leads to Adult Behavioral Deficits.</a> Neuron. 65 (4), 480-489 (2010).</li><li>Nakahira, E., Kagawa, T., Shimizu, T., Goulding, M. D., Ikenaka, K. <a target="_blank" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?db=PubMed&cmd=Search&doptcmdl=Citation&defaultField=Title+Word&term=Direct+evidence+that+ventral+forebrain+cells+migrate+to+the+cortex+and+contribute+to+the+generation+of+cortical+myelinating+oligodendrocytes.">Direct evidence that ventral forebrain cells migrate to the cortex and contribute to the generation of cortical myelinating oligodendrocytes.</a> Dev Biol. 291 (1), 123-131 (2006).</li><li>Baumgart, J., Grebe, N. <a target="_blank" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?db=PubMed&cmd=Search&doptcmdl=Citation&defaultField=Title+Word&term=C57BL/6-specific+conditions+for+efficient+in+utero+electroporation+of+the+central+nervous+system.">C57BL/6-specific conditions for efficient in utero electroporation of the central nervous system.</a> J Neurosci Methods. 240, 116-124 (2015).</li><li>Saito, T. <a target="_blank" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?db=PubMed&cmd=Search&doptcmdl=Citation&defaultField=Title+Word&term=In+vivo+electroporation+in+the+embryonic+mouse+central+nervous+system.">In vivo electroporation in the embryonic mouse central nervous system.</a> Nat Protc. 1 (3), 1552-1558 (2006).</li><li>Matsui, A., Yoshida, A. C., Kubota, M., Ogawa, M., Shimogori, T. <a target="_blank" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?db=PubMed&cmd=Search&doptcmdl=Citation&defaultField=Title+Word&term=Mouse+in+utero+electroporation:+controlled+spatiotemporal+gene+transfection.">Mouse in utero electroporation: controlled spatiotemporal gene transfection.</a> JoVE. (54), (2011).</li><li>Guedel, A. E. <a target="_blank" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?db=PubMed&cmd=Search&doptcmdl=Citation&defaultField=Title+Word&term=.">.</a> Inhalation anesthesia: a fundamental guide. , (1937).</li><li>Gage, G. J., Kipke, D. R., Shain, W. <a target="_blank" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?db=PubMed&cmd=Search&doptcmdl=Citation&defaultField=Title+Word&term=Whole+Animal+Perfusion+Fixation+for+Rodents.">Whole Animal Perfusion Fixation for Rodents.</a> JoVE. (65), e3564 (2012).</li><li>Mizutani, K., Saito, T. <a target="_blank" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?db=PubMed&cmd=Search&doptcmdl=Citation&defaultField=Title+Word&term=Progenitors+resume+generating+neurons+after+temporary+inhibition+of+neurogenesis+by+Notch+activation+in+the+mammalian+cerebral+cortex.">Progenitors resume generating neurons after temporary inhibition of neurogenesis by Notch activation in the mammalian cerebral cortex.</a> Development. 132 (6), 1295-1304 (2005).</li><li>Tabata, H., Nakajima, K. <a target="_blank" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?db=PubMed&cmd=Search&doptcmdl=Citation&defaultField=Title+Word&term=Labeling+embryonic+mouse+central+nervous+system+cells+by+in+utero+electroporation.">Labeling embryonic mouse central nervous system cells by in utero electroporation.</a> Dev, Growth &amp; Differ. 50 (6), 507-511 (2008).</li></ol>

This protocol describes in detail how to transfect the retrosplenial cortex, the motor cortex, the somatosensory cortex, the piriform cortex, the cornu ammonis 1-3, the dentate gyrus, the striatum, the lateral septal nucleus, the thalamus and the hypothalamus of C75BL/6 mice. With all the provided information this is the first protocol, which supplies all necessary information to easily recreate transfections of these cerebral regions in the C57BL/6 mouse. Previous publications are mostly focused only on a few specific r...

3独立したグループ1-3により2001年に最初の記述以来I N 子宮内エレクトロポレーションは、齧歯動物の中枢神経系における遺伝子発現を分析するために広く使用されている標準的なツールとなっています。継続的に技術、まだ時間とお金がかかり、そのシンプルさに起因する子宮内エレクトロポレーションのアピールを改善するにもかかわらず、であるノックアウトマウスの作製に比べ。だから、 子宮内エレクトロポレーションは、高速かつ効率的gain-や機能喪失研究4を可能にします 。 脳の領域をトランスフェクトするために、負に帯電したプラスミドを含有する溶液を脳室に注入されます。電気パルスの間に、負に荷電したDNAは、正極に向かって移動するので、トランスフェクトされた領域は、正極の位置を変更することによって簡単に選択することができます。これは、頻繁に、中枢神経系の多数の領域がTAであることが示されています3,5-8を rgeted。例えば、最近の研究では、海馬、梨状皮質や線条体9-11の具体的なトランスフェクションを示します。しかし、適切な位置についての情報は、多くの場合のみ、ほとんど標準化されず、常に異なるマウス系統に転送することは容易ではありません。 特定胚の段階のトランスフェクションは、些細なほど遠いです。 子宮内エレクトロポレーションの特定のためのセットアップを選択する際に多くの影響を与える要因を考慮する必要があります。まず、最適にそれぞれの胚の段階をトランスフェクトするために、適切な電圧についての知識が必要とされています。低電圧は、トランスフェクション効率2,3,12を減らす一方、高電圧は、生存率を低下させます。また、電極パドルのサイズが減少した特異性には大きすぎる結果であるか、心臓の鼓動4,12,13の影響に起因する死亡を引き起こす可能性があり、電極パドルを使用するため、重要な役割を果たしています。適用されました電圧と大きさと電極パドルの位置が考慮すべき最も重要な機能であるが、DNA-液の塗布量のように、エレクトロポレーションの結果に影響を与えるさらなる要因もあります。 我々は、C57BL / 6 マウス 12の様々な脳の領域の迅速かつ効率的なトランスフェクションを可能にする詳細なプロトコルを開発しました。このプロトコルでの電圧についての詳細な情報を使用する、強化特異用電極パドルのサイズが提供されます。さらに、心室についての情報は、プラスミド溶液の量についての勧告に沿って満たされると、電極の位置が供給されています。マップ内の詳細な位置情報の表示、これらの位置のさらなる可視化は、脳梁膨大後部皮質の子宮内エレクトロポレーション、運動皮質、体性感覚皮質、梨状皮質、トンで簡単な特定かつ効率的に可能彼は1-3、歯状回、線条体、横中隔核、視床および視床下部ammonisコルニュ。

<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" width="898">
	<tbody>
		<tr height="21">
			<td height="21" style="height:21px;width:328px;">EndoFree Plasmid Maxi Kit</td>
			<td style="width:215px;">QIAGEN</td>
			<td style="width:188px;">12362</td>
			<td style="width:167px;"></td>
		</tr>
		<tr height="21">
			<td height="21" style="height:21px;">Fast Green</td>
			<td>Roth</td>
			<td>0301.1</td>
			<td></td>
		</tr>
		<tr height="21">
			<td height="21" style="height:21px;">pCAGGS</td>
			<td>Addgene</td>
			<td></td>
			<td></td>
		</tr>
		<tr height="21">
			<td height="21" style="height:21px;">borosilicate glass capillaries (0.8-0.9 mm diameter)</td>
			<td>Wold Precision Instrument Inc.</td>
			<td>1B100F-4</td>
			<td></td>
		</tr>
		<tr height="21">
			<td height="21" style="height:21px;">Isoflurane (Forene)</td>
			<td>Abbott</td>
			<td>PZN 4831850</td>
			<td></td>
		</tr>
		<tr height="20">
			<td height="20" style="height:20px;">Carprofen (Rimadyl)</td>
			<td>Pfizer GmbH</td>
			<td>approval number: 400684.00.00</td>
			<td></td>
		</tr>
		<tr height="21">
			<td height="21" style="height:21px;">eye ointment (Bepanthen Augen und Nasensalbe)</td>
			<td>Bayer&#160;</td>
			<td>PZN 01578681</td>
			<td></td>
		</tr>
		<tr height="60">
			<td height="60" style="height:60px;">0.9% benzyl alcohol 0.9% saline solution</td>
			<td style="width:215px;">Pharmacy 
			of the University Medical Center Mainz</td>
			<td></td>
			<td></td>
		</tr>
		<tr height="21">
			<td height="21" style="height:21px;">gauze (ES-Kompressen)</td>
			<td>Hartmann</td>
			<td>407835</td>
			<td></td>
		</tr>
		<tr height="21">
			<td height="21" style="height:21px;">sterile 5-0 Perma-Hand Silk Suture</td>
			<td>Ethicon Johnson &#38; Johnson</td>
			<td>K890H</td>
			<td></td>
		</tr>
		<tr height="21">
			<td height="21" style="height:21px;">ring forceps 1/ 1.5 mm</td>
			<td>Fine Science Tools</td>
			<td>11101-09</td>
			<td></td>
		</tr>
		<tr height="21">
			<td height="21" style="height:21px;">ring forceps 4.8/ 6 mm</td>
			<td>Fine Science Tools</td>
			<td>11106-09</td>
			<td></td>
		</tr>
		<tr height="21">
			<td height="21" style="height:21px;">ring forceps 2.2/ 3 mm</td>
			<td>Fine Science Tools</td>
			<td>11103-09</td>
			<td></td>
		</tr>
		<tr height="21">
			<td height="21" style="height:21px;">Adson Forceps-Serrated Straight 12 cm</td>
			<td>Fine Science Tools</td>
			<td>1106-12</td>
			<td></td>
		</tr>
		<tr height="21">
			<td height="21" style="height:21px;">IrisScissors-Delicate Straight-Sharp/Blunt 10 cm</td>
			<td>Fine Science Tools</td>
			<td>14028-10</td>
			<td></td>
		</tr>
		<tr height="21">
			<td height="21" style="height:21px;">Mayo-Stille Scissors-Straight 15 cm</td>
			<td>Fine Science Tools</td>
			<td>14012-15</td>
			<td></td>
		</tr>
		<tr height="21">
			<td height="21" style="height:21px;">Dumont #5 Forceps-Inox</td>
			<td>Fine Science Tools</td>
			<td>11251-20</td>
			<td></td>
		</tr>
		<tr height="21">
			<td height="21" style="height:21px;">Castroviejo NeedleHolder-with Lock-Tungsten Carbide 14 cm</td>
			<td>Fine Science Tools</td>
			<td>12565-14</td>
			<td></td>
		</tr>
		<tr height="21">
			<td height="21" style="height:21px;">Elektroporator CUY21 SC&#160;</td>
			<td>Nepa Gene Co.</td>
			<td></td>
			<td></td>
		</tr>
		<tr height="21">
			<td height="21" style="height:21px;">FST 250 Hot Bead Sterilizer</td>
			<td>Fine Science Tools</td>
			<td>18000-45</td>
			<td></td>
		</tr>
		<tr height="21">
			<td height="21" style="height:21px;">Microgrinder EG-44</td>
			<td>Narishige</td>
			<td></td>
			<td></td>
		</tr>
		<tr height="21">
			<td height="21" style="height:21px;">P-97 Micropette Puller</td>
			<td>Sutter Instrument Company</td>
			<td>P-97</td>
			<td></td>
		</tr>
		<tr height="21">
			<td height="21" style="height:21px;">Platinum electrodes 650P 0.5 mm</td>
			<td>Nepagene</td>
			<td>CUY650P0.5</td>
			<td></td>
		</tr>
		<tr height="21">
			<td height="21" style="height:21px;">Platinum electrodes 650P 3 mm</td>
			<td>Nepagene</td>
			<td>CUY650P3</td>
			<td></td>
		</tr>
		<tr height="21">
			<td height="21" style="height:21px;">Platinum electrodes 650P 5 mm</td>
			<td>Nepagene</td>
			<td>CUY650P5</td>
			<td></td>
		</tr>
		<tr height="21">
			<td height="21" style="height:21px;">Platinum electrodes 650P 10 mm</td>
			<td>Nepagene</td>
			<td>CUY650P10</td>
			<td></td>
		</tr>
		<tr height="21">
			<td height="21" style="height:21px;">Anesthesia system</td>
			<td>Rothacher-Medical GmbH</td>
			<td>CV-30511-3 Vapor 19.3</td>
			<td></td>
		</tr>
		<tr height="21">
			<td height="21" style="height:21px;">Heating plate</td>
			<td>Rothacher-Medical GmbH</td>
			<td>HP-1M</td>
			<td></td>
		</tr>
		<tr height="21">
			<td height="21" style="height:21px;">Temperature Controller 220V AC</td>
			<td>Rothacher-Medical GmbH</td>
			<td>TCAT-2LV</td>
			<td></td>
		</tr>
	</tbody>
</table>

cortex-, hippocampus-, thalamus-, hypothalamus-, lateral septal nucleus- and striatum-specific in utero electroporation in the c57bl/6 mouse

In utero electroporation is a widely used technique for fast and efficient spatiotemporal manipulation of various genes in the rodent central nervous system. Overexpression of desired genes is just as possible as shRNA mediated loss-of-function studies. Therefore it offers a wide range of applications. The feasibility to target particular cells in a distinct area further increases the range of potential applications of this very useful method. For efficiently targeting specific regions knowledge about the subtleties, such as the embryonic stage, the voltage to apply and most importantly the position of the electrodes, is indispensable.
Here, we provide a detailed protocol that allows for specific and efficient in utero electroporation of several regions of the C57BL/6 mouse central nervous system. In particular it is shown how to transfect regions the develop into the retrosplenial cortex, the motor cortex, the somatosensory cortex, the piriform cortex, the cornu ammonis 1-3, the dentate gyrus, the striatum, the lateral septal nucleus, the thalamus and the hypothalamus. For this information about the appropriate embryonic stage, the appropriate voltage for the corresponding embryonic stage is provided. Most importantly an angle-map, which indicates the appropriate position of the positive pole, is depicted. This standardized protocol helps to facilitate efficient in utero electroporation, which might also lead to a reduced number of animals.

図2は 、脳梁膨大後部皮質に開発途上地域の子宮内エレクトロポレーション内の特定の例を示し、運動野、体性感覚皮質、梨状皮質、コルニュは1-3 ammonis、歯状回、線条体、側方中隔核、視床および視床下部。トランスフェクションの結果は、次の推奨される角度（ 図2）に示されています。 生体内での角度のより良い視覚化のための電極（0.5ミ?...

Watch this Scientific Journal Video about Cortex-, Hippocampus-, Thalamus-, Hypothalamus-, Lateral Septal Nucleus- and Striatum-specific In Utero Electroporation in the C57BL/6 Mouse at JoVE.com

Cortex-, Hippocampus-, Thalamus-, Hypothalamus-, Lateral Septal Nucleus- and Striatum-specific In Utero Electroporation in the C57BL/6 Mouse

This protocol describes in detail how to specifically transfect different regions in the C57BL/6 central nervous system via in utero electroporation. Included in this protocol are detailed instructions for transfections of regions that develop into the cortex, hippocampus, thalamus, hypothalamus, lateral septal nucleus and striatum.

Cortex-、Hippocampus-、Thalamus-、Hypothalamus-、横中隔Nucleus-と線条体固有<em&gt;子宮内</em&gt; C57BL / 6マウスでのエレクトロポレーション

In utero electroporation is a widely used technique for fast and efficient spatiotemporal manipulation of various genes in the rodent central nervous ...

Research

JoVE Journal

Neuroscience

Cortex-, Hippocampus-, Thalamus-, Hypothalamus-, Lateral Septal Nucleus- and Striatum-specific In Utero Electroporation in the C57BL/6 Mouse

Transfection of Mouse Retinal Ganglion Cells by in vivo Electroporation

Transfection of Mouse Retinal Ganglion Cells by in vivo Electroporation

によるマウス網膜神経節細胞のトランスフェクション in vivoでエレクトロポレーション

The targeting and refinement of RGC projections to the midbrain is a popular and powerful model system for studying how precise patterns of neural ...

Mouse in Utero Electroporation: Controlled Spatiotemporal Gene Transfection

Mouse in Utero Electroporation: Controlled Spatiotemporal Gene Transfection

マウス子宮内でエレクトロポレーション：制御時空間遺伝子導入

In order to understand the function of genes expressed in specific region of the developing brain, including signaling molecules and axon guidance ...

Visualization and Genetic Manipulation of Dendrites and Spines in the Mouse Cerebral Cortex and Hippocampus using In utero Electroporation

Visualization and Genetic Manipulation of Dendrites and Spines in the Mouse Cerebral Cortex and Hippocampus using In utero Electroporation

使用して、マウス大脳皮質および海馬における可視化と樹状突起と棘の遺伝子操作<em&gt;子宮内で</em&gt;エレクトロポレーション

In utero electroporation (IUE) has become a powerful technique to study the development of different regions of the embryonic nervous system 1-5. To date ...

Generation of Topically Transgenic Rats by In utero Electroporation and In vivo Bioluminescence Screening

Generation of Topically Transgenic Rats by In utero Electroporation and In vivo Bioluminescence Screening

局所トランスジェニックラットの発生により<em&gt;子宮内</em&gt;エレクトロポレーションおよび<em&gt;インビボ</em&gt;生物発光スクリーニング

 In utero electroporation (IUE) is a technique which allows genetic modification of cells in the brain for investigating neuronal development. So far, the ...

Genetic Manipulation of the Mouse Developing Hypothalamus through In utero Electroporation

Genetic Manipulation of the Mouse Developing Hypothalamus through In utero Electroporation

マウスの遺伝子操作は、視床下部を介して開発<em&gt;子宮内</em&gt;エレクトロポレーション

Genetic  modification of specific regions of the developing mammalian brain is a very  powerful experimental approach. However, generating novel mouse ...

Live Imaging of Mitosis in the Developing Mouse Embryonic Cortex

発生中のマウス胚性皮質における有糸分裂のライブイメージング

Although of short duration, mitosis is a complex and dynamic multi-step process fundamental for development of organs including the brain. In the ...

Analysis of Gene Expression Changes in the Rat Hippocampus After Deep Brain Stimulation of the Anterior Thalamic Nucleus

視床前核の脳深部刺激後のラット海馬における遺伝子発現の変化の解析

Deep brain stimulation (DBS) surgery, targeting various regions of the brain such as the basal ganglia, thalamus, and subthalamic regions, is an effective ...

A Simple Approach to Induce Experimental Autoimmune Neuritis in C57BL/6 Mice for Functional and Neuropathological Assessments

機能と神経病理学的評価の c57bl/6 マウスの実験的自己免疫性視神経炎を誘導するための単純なアプローチ

Experimental autoimmune neuritis (EAN) is a well-appreciated experimental model of autoimmune peripheral demyelinating diseases. EAN disease is induced by ...

Inducing Cre-lox Recombination in Mouse Cerebral Cortex Through In Utero Electroporation

Inducing Cre-lox Recombination in Mouse Cerebral Cortex Through In Utero Electroporation

子宮内エレクトロポレーション マウス大脳皮質における Cre lox 組換えを誘導します。

Cell-autonomous neuronal functions of genes can be revealed by causing loss or gain of function of a gene in a small and sparse population of neurons. To ...

Cochlear Implant Surgery and Electrically-evoked Auditory Brainstem Response Recordings in C57BL/6 Mice

人工内耳手術と c57bl/6 マウスに電気的誘発脳幹の応答録音

Cochlear implants (CIs) are neuroprosthetic devices that can provide a sense of hearing to deaf people. However, a CI cannot restore all aspects of ...