Name: a method for evaluating the reinforcing properties of ethanol in rats without water deprivation, saccharin fading or extended access training
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Description: Watch this Scientific Journal Video about A Method for Evaluating the Reinforcing Properties of Ethanol in Rats without Water Deprivation, Saccharin Fading or Extended Access Training at JoVE.com

Dette arbeidet ble støttet av den svenske Forskningsrådet.

Alle prosedyrer er utført i samsvar med Guide NIH for omsorg og bruk av forsøksdyr. 1. Animal Care og Bolig <ol><li> Ved ankomst i kolonien, huset hann Wistar-rotter som veide 200-225 g ved ankomst i par på en temperatur (21 ° C) og fuktighet-kontrollert miljø med en reversert 12 timers lys-mørke-syklus. Merk: Avhengig av begrunnelsen av forsøkene, kan rotter være single-huset. </li><li> La rottene å akklimatisere seg til vivarium og lyset syklusen i minst en uke før du starter et eksperiment ...

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Med denne protokollen, presenterer vi en ny metode for å skaffe og opprettholde stabil oral selvadministrasjon av 20% etanol i rotter som, i motsetning til klassiske modeller av etanol selvadministrering, ikke krever bruk av vannmangel, utvidet tilgang trening, eller sakkarin / sukrose falming 12. Videre naltrexon, en dag FDA-godkjente medisiner for alkoholavhengighet, hell reduserer alkoholselvadministrasjon og motivasjon til å konsumere alkohol av Wistar rotter trent med denne protokollen. Dette resultat ...

Utviklingen av dyremodeller for å studere de forsterkende effekten av narkotika har vist et viktig verktøy for å studere menneskelig narkotikamisbruk. Nærmere bestemt operant selvadministrering er en mye brukt adferdsmodell som er en av de mest effektive midler for å vurdere de positive forsterkende virkninger av et oralt forbrukes etanolløsning. En tidlig problemet med å utvikle en slik modell var den primære ubehage smaken av høye konsentrasjoner av etanol i de fleste gnagere, et fenomen som også er delt i mennesker med liten eller ingen erfaring med alkohol en. En standard protokoll for å overvinne denne barrieren krever vann deprivasjon og / eller sakkarin eller sukrose falming for anskaffelse og vedlikehold av selvstyre. Men disse to metodene er ikke fordelaktige. De krever lange perioder med trening å bare sette i gang å svare for etanol og få en relativ suksess rate av oppkjøpet. Bruken av søtningsmidler introduserer også en potensiell skjevhet itolkningen av den selvadministrering av data. Disse begrensningene gjelder ikke for følgende protokoll. I korthet, Samson og kolleger 2 har vist at oppløsning av etanol i en søt oppløsning av 20% sukrose og deretter filtrert ut søtheten i løpet av 4 uker med trening er nødvendig for å initiere respons i 10% etanol i vann. Videre er pålitelig etanolinntak vanligvis oppnås i 6 til 8 uker 1-3. Denne fremgangsmåten er svært problematisk. Først, det krever lengre perioder med trening før etterforskerne kan begynne å måle etanol selvadministrering. I motsetning til intravenøs selvadministrering av kokain eller heroin krever 0 - 1 dager før stoffet trening på en mat-levering spaken i nærings begrenset dyr, og stabil svare for stoffet er ofte oppnådd i 10 - 12 dager 4,5. En annen begrensning ved denne metoden er det faktum at sakkarin og sukrose er meget givende til rotter og fremkalle hjerne aktiverings mønstre similar til narkotika av misbruk, og dermed innføre potensialet for forundrer i etanol selvadministrering studerer 6-9. Til slutt, rotter anskaffe selvadministrering av en etanolløsning ved hjelp av denne metoden viser variasjon i anskaffelse og responsraten 1,10, med en betydelig andel av rottene konsekvent utelukket fra eksperimenter på grunn av mislykket oppkjøp og / eller utilstrekkelig respons rate. I motsetning til denne protokollen, presenterer vi en enkel, men effektiv metode for anskaffelse og vedlikehold av oral selvadministrering av en 20% etanol i vann løsning som ikke nødvendig vann deprivasjon, sukrose / sakkarin fading eller utvidet tilgang trening. En nylig undersøkelse fant at selv-administrering for oral etanol viser en omvendt U-formet doseresponskurve med høyeste etanolinntak ved selvadministrasjon på en 20% etanolkonsentrasjon, og dermed gi en begrunnelse for utvelgelse av 20% etanolløsning i vår experimental utforming 11.

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a method for evaluating the reinforcing properties of ethanol in rats without water deprivation, saccharin fading or extended access training

Operant orale selvadministrering metoder blir ofte brukt til å studere de forsterkende egenskaper av etanol i dyr. Imidlertid standard metoder krever sakkarin / sukrose fading, vannmangel og / eller utvidet trening for å initiere operant reagere i rotter. Dette notatet beskriver en ny og effektiv metode for å raskt sette i gang operant respons for etanol som er praktisk for forskere og krever ikke vann deprivasjon eller sakkarin / sukrose falming, og dermed eliminere potensialet forvirre av å bruke søtstoffer i etanol operant selv administrative fag. Med denne metoden Wistar rotter vanligvis skaffe og opprettholde selvadministrasjon av en 20% etanol løsning på mindre enn to uker med trening. Videre er blodetanolkonsentrasjoner og belønninger positivt korrelert for en 30 min selvadministrering økt. Dessuten, naltrexon, et FDA-godkjent medisiner for alkoholavhengighet som har vist seg å undertrykke etanol selvadministreringi gnagere, doseavhengig reduksjon alkoholinntak og motivasjon for å drikke alkohol for rotter selv-administrering av 20% etanol, således validere bruken av denne nye fremgangsmåten for å studere de forsterkende egenskaper av alkohol hos rotter.

Figur 1 viser representative selvadministrering atferd operant- og narkotika naiv Wistar rotter (åtte forskjellige kohorter som beløper seg til totalt 239 rotter) trent på en FR1 tidsplan for å selvadministrere 20% etanol uten vann deprivasjon eller sakkarin / sukrose fading under 30-minutters økter. Med denne protokollen, rotter initiere spaken trykke på for å få en etanol belønning svært raskt, allerede få mer enn 10 belønninger i løpet av de første økte...

Watch this Scientific Journal Video about A Method for Evaluating the Reinforcing Properties of Ethanol in Rats without Water Deprivation, Saccharin Fading or Extended Access Training at JoVE.com

A Method for Evaluating the Reinforcing Properties of Ethanol in Rats without Water Deprivation, Saccharin Fading or Extended Access Training

Denne protokollen beskriver en ny og effektiv metode for raskt å initiere operant å reagere i etanol i rotter som, i motsetning til standard metoder, krever ikke vann berøvelse eller sakkarin / sukrose filtrert for å initiere respons.

En metode for å evaluere den forsterkende egenskaper av etanol i rotter uten vann deprivation, Sakkarin Fading eller utvidet tilgang Training

Operant oral self-administration methods are commonly used to study the reinforcing properties of ethanol in animals. However, the standard methods ...

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