Name: milk collection in the rat using capillary tubes and estimation of milk fat content by creamatocrit
Uploaded: 2015-12-16T15:00:00
Description: Watch this Scientific Journal Video about Milk Collection in the Rat Using Capillary Tubes and Estimation of Milk Fat Content by Creamatocrit at JoVE.com

Funziona questo è stato sostenuto attraverso sovvenzioni dal scienze naturali e ingegneria Research Council del Canada (RGPIN 238382-2011) e Canadian Institutes of Health Research (MOP115076). Heather Paul è stato sostenuto da una borsa di studio post-laurea scienze naturali e ingegneria Research Council del Canada e una borsa di studio Alberta innova Health Solutions. Megan Hallam è stato sostenuto da un scienze naturali e ingegneria Research Council Postgraduate borse di studio, una borsa di studio Frederick Banting e Charles Best Canada laureato e premio un bambini Alberta Hospital Research Training Institute in Genetica, Child Development, e la salute.

Questo protocollo è stato approvato dalla University of Calgary Comitato cura degli animali e conforme alla Guida per la cura e l&#39;uso di animali da laboratorio. 1. Diga separato da Offspring <ol><li> Separare la diga dalla sua prole per un minimo di 5 minuti prima mungitura 12. NOTA: La diga può essere munta fino a 5-6 ore dopo la separazione 1,6,13, ma periodi di separazione più lunghi di 4 ore possono alterare la composizione del latt...

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P. <a target="_blank" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?db=PubMed&cmd=Search&doptcmdl=Citation&defaultField=Title+Word&term=Creamatocrit+and+the+nutrient+composition+of+human+milk.">Creamatocrit and the nutrient composition of human milk.</a> J. Perinatol. 19 (5), 343-346 (1999).</li><li>Rodgers, C. T. <a target="_blank" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?db=PubMed&cmd=Search&doptcmdl=Citation&defaultField=Title+Word&term=Practical+aspects+of+milk+collection+in+the+rat.">Practical aspects of milk collection in the rat.</a> Lab. Anim. 29 (4), 450-455 (1995).</li><li>Godbole, V. Y., Grundleger, M. L. <a target="_blank" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?db=PubMed&cmd=Search&doptcmdl=Citation&defaultField=Title+Word&term=Composition+of+rat+milk+from+day+5+to+20+of+lactation+and+milk+intake+of+lean+and+preobese+zucker+pups.">Composition of rat milk from day 5 to 20 of lactation and milk intake of lean and preobese zucker pups.</a> J. Nutr. 111 (3), 480-487 (1981).</li><li>Del Prado, M., Delgado, G., Villalpando, S. <a target="_blank" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?db=PubMed&cmd=Search&doptcmdl=Citation&defaultField=Title+Word&term=Maternal+lipid+intake+during+pregnancy+and+lactation+alters+milk+composition+and+production+and+litter+growth+in+rats.">Maternal lipid intake during pregnancy and lactation alters milk composition and production and litter growth in rats.</a> J. Nutr. 127 (3), 458-462 (1997).</li><li>Nicholas, K. R., Hartmann, P. E. <a target="_blank" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?db=PubMed&cmd=Search&doptcmdl=Citation&defaultField=Title+Word&term=Milk+secretion+in+the+rat:+progressive+changes+in+milk+composition+during+lactation+and+weaning+and+the+effect+of+diet.">Milk secretion in the rat: progressive changes in milk composition during lactation and weaning and the effect of diet.</a> Comp. Biochem. Physiol. A. Comp. Physiol. 98 (3-4), 533-542 (1991).</li><li>Azara, C. R. P., et al. <a target="_blank" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?db=PubMed&cmd=Search&doptcmdl=Citation&defaultField=Title+Word&term=Ethanol+intake+during+lactation+alters+milk+nutrient+composition+and+growth+and+mineral+status+of+rat+pups.">Ethanol intake during lactation alters milk nutrient composition and growth and mineral status of rat pups.</a> Biol. Res. 41 (3), 317-330 (2008).</li><li>Keen, C. L., L&#246;nnerdal, B., Sloan, M. V., Hurley, L. S. <a target="_blank" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?db=PubMed&cmd=Search&doptcmdl=Citation&defaultField=Title+Word&term=Effects+of+milking+procedure+on+rat+milk+composition.">Effects of milking procedure on rat milk composition.</a> Physiol. Behav. 24 (3), 613-615 (1980).</li><li>Romeu-Nadal, M., Castellote, A. I., L&#242;pez-Sabater, M. C. <a target="_blank" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?db=PubMed&cmd=Search&doptcmdl=Citation&defaultField=Title+Word&term=Effect+of+cold+storage+on+vitamins+C+and+E+and+fatty+acids+in+human+milk.">Effect of cold storage on vitamins C and E and fatty acids in human milk.</a> Food Chem. 106 (1), 65-70 (2008).</li><li>Lucas, A., Gibbs, J. A., Lyster, R. L., Baum, J. D. <a target="_blank" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?db=PubMed&cmd=Search&doptcmdl=Citation&defaultField=Title+Word&term=Creamatocrit:+simple+clinical+technique+for+estimating+fat+concentration+and+energy+value+of+human+milk.">Creamatocrit: simple clinical technique for estimating fat concentration and energy value of human milk.</a> Br. Med. J. 1 (6119), 1018-1020 (1978).</li><li>Furtado, K., Andrade, F. <a target="_blank" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?db=PubMed&cmd=Search&doptcmdl=Citation&defaultField=Title+Word&term=Comparison+of+the+beneficial+and+adverse+effects+of+inhalable+and+injectable+anaesthetics+in+animal+models:+a+mini-review.">Comparison of the beneficial and adverse effects of inhalable and injectable anaesthetics in animal models: a mini-review.</a> OA Anaesthetics. 1 (2), 20 (2013).</li><li>Hausman Kedem, M., et al. <a target="_blank" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?db=PubMed&cmd=Search&doptcmdl=Citation&defaultField=Title+Word&term=The+effect+of+advanced+maternal+age+upon+human+milk+fat+content.">The effect of advanced maternal age upon human milk fat content.</a> Breastfeed. Med. 8 (1), 116-119 (2013).</li><li>Mandel, D., Lubetzky, R., Dollberg, S., Barak, S., Mimouni, F. 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Investigations into maternal milk components have increased as interest in early life development research rises. As the sole source of nutrition during the neonatal period, the bioactive compounds in milk are essential for ideal growth and development, especially in the context of intestinal and immune health3. The method presented here is a simple, non-invasive method of collecting milk from the lactating rat in amounts sufficient for downstream analysis, such as oligosaccharide profiling6. The me...

Il latte è l&#39;unica fonte di nutrimento per i mammiferi neonati, fornendo energia e nutrienti per la crescita infantile e lo sviluppo 1,2. Mentre il latte è composto principalmente da cellule, lipidi e proteine ​​1, contiene anche una pletora di composti bioattivi che modulano lo sviluppo primi anni di vita della prole compresi gli enzimi, carboidrati, ormoni, anticorpi, fattori di crescita, citochine, esosomi, microvescicole, e piccoli RNA tali come microRNA 1,2. Il ruolo fondamentale del latte materno nello stabilimento della prole immunitario e la salute intestinale 3, insieme con la prova che allattati al seno i neonati sono meno suscettibili alle malattie 2, sottolinea l&#39;importanza di identificare i componenti del latte associati ai processi di malattia nella prima infanzia ed i meccanismi molecolari coinvolti nelle loro azioni. Il ratto di sviluppo è un modello popolare per studiare l&#39;effetto di vari nutrizionale, fisiologico, e interventi chimici sulle precocesviluppo -life 4. L&#39;analisi del latte di ratto può quindi fornire romanzo spaccato la salute materna e prole. Progressi scientifici attuali forniscono ora aumentare le opportunità per le approfondite indagini sugli effetti di specifici componenti del latte sulla salute e la malattia. Ad esempio, il sequenziamento di latte profili batterici ha chiarito il loro ruolo nella prima colonizzazione intestinale dell&#39;intestino infantile 5, analisi di spettrometria di massa di oligosaccaridi del latte hanno fornito spaccato l&#39;alterazione dei profili latte oligosaccaridi via dieta materna 6, e sequenziamento profondo di microRNA secreto in i globuli di grasso del latte materno evidenzia possibili ruoli nella trascrizione genica, il metabolismo, e la funzione immunitaria 7. Modelli di ratto rappresentano uno dei più popolari organismi modello usati in studi materni 8,9. Un vantaggio è la loro gestazione e allattamento periodi brevi, che durano solo approximately 21 giorni ciascuno; il tempo totale dall&#39;inizio della gravidanza per allattamento rappresenta un breve periodo di tempo in cui i dati importanti possono essere generati. Le maggiori dimensioni dei ratti rispetto ai topi, nel contesto di raccolta del latte, può fornire un vantaggio significativo rispetto al volume di latte e facilità di raccolta del latte; produzione di latte nel topo, per esempio, sembra essere dipende dal peso corporeo totale con topi pesanti producono più latte 10. Qui, è fornita una descrizione generale per la raccolta manuale del latte di ratti che allattano. Questo protocollo richiede attrezzatura minima, non è invasiva, poco costoso, e può essere utilizzato per raccogliere adeguati volumi di latte per ulteriori analisi a valle. In breve, la diga è anestetizzato con isoflurano, latte letdown è stimolata da ossitocina, e latte viene raccolto in provette capillari tramite spremitura manuale del latte. Infine, come due componenti principali di latte sono grassi e proteine, una breve description di stimare latte tenore di materia grassa utilizzando misurazioni creamatocrit 11 e la quantificazione della concentrazione proteica totale usando un test standard di proteine ​​è presentato.

<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" width="829">
	<tbody>
		<tr height="21">
			<td height="21" style="height:21px;width:353px;">Equipment - Milking</td>
			<td style="width:191px;"></td>
			<td style="width:119px;"></td>
			<td style="width:167px;"></td>
		</tr>
		<tr height="21">
			<td height="21" style="height:21px;">1 ml syringes</td>
			<td style="width:191px;">BD-Canada</td>
			<td style="width:119px;">309602</td>
			<td></td>
		</tr>
		<tr height="21">
			<td height="21" style="height:21px;">25 G needles</td>
			<td style="width:191px;">BD-Canada</td>
			<td style="width:119px;">305122</td>
			<td></td>
		</tr>
		<tr height="21">
			<td height="21" style="height:21px;">18 G needles</td>
			<td style="width:191px;">BD-Canada</td>
			<td style="width:119px;">305196</td>
			<td></td>
		</tr>
		<tr height="21">
			<td height="21" style="height:21px;">50 ul Microdispenser Capillary Tubes</td>
			<td style="width:191px;">Fisher Scientific</td>
			<td style="width:119px;">21-169D</td>
			<td></td>
		</tr>
		<tr height="21">
			<td height="21" style="height:21px;">Oxytocin (20 USP Units/ml)</td>
			<td style="width:191px;">Bimeda-MTC</td>
			<td style="width:119px;">1OXY015</td>
			<td></td>
		</tr>
		<tr height="21">
			<td height="21" style="height:21px;width:353px;">PPC Vet Isoflurane Inhalation Anesthetic, 250 ml</td>
			<td style="width:191px;">Fresenius Kabi</td>
			<td style="width:119px;">M60302</td>
			<td>Used on the order of a veterinarian</td>
		</tr>
		<tr height="21">
			<td height="21" style="height:21px;">Sterile Alcohol Prep Pad</td>
			<td style="width:191px;">Dukal</td>
			<td style="width:119px;">853</td>
			<td></td>
		</tr>
		<tr height="21">
			<td height="21" style="height:21px;">Absorbent Bench Underpad</td>
			<td style="width:191px;">VWR</td>
			<td style="width:119px;">82020-845</td>
			<td></td>
		</tr>
		<tr height="21">
			<td height="21" style="height:21px;">Maxi-Therm Hyper/Hypothermia Blanket</td>
			<td style="width:191px;">Cincinnati Sub-Zero</td>
			<td style="width:119px;">274</td>
			<td></td>
		</tr>
		<tr height="42">
			<td height="42" style="height:42px;">Rodent Anesthesia Machine with Vaporizer</td>
			<td style="width:191px;">Benson Medical Industries Inc.</td>
			<td style="width:119px;"></td>
			<td>Subject to individual laboratory needs</td>
		</tr>
		<tr height="42">
			<td height="42" style="height:42px;width:353px;">Animal Masks</td>
			<td style="width:191px;">Benson Medical Industries Inc.</td>
			<td style="width:119px;">50100/50102</td>
			<td></td>
		</tr>
		<tr height="21">
			<td height="21" style="height:21px;">Microcentrifuge Tubes</td>
			<td style="width:191px;">Axygen</td>
			<td style="width:119px;">MCT-060-C</td>
			<td></td>
		</tr>
		<tr height="21">
			<td height="21" style="height:21px;">ChroMini Professional Trimmer</td>
			<td style="width:191px;">Wahl</td>
			<td style="width:119px;">-</td>
			<td></td>
		</tr>
		<tr height="21">
			<td height="21" style="height:21px;width:353px;">Equipment - Creamatocrit</td>
			<td style="width:191px;"></td>
			<td style="width:119px;"></td>
			<td></td>
		</tr>
		<tr height="21">
			<td height="21" style="height:21px;">StatSpin SafeCrit Plastic Microhematocrit Tubes (Untreated)</td>
			<td style="width:191px;">Fisher Scientific</td>
			<td style="width:119px;">22-274-914</td>
			<td></td>
		</tr>
		<tr height="21">
			<td height="21" style="height:21px;">Critoseal Capillary Tube Sealant Tray</td>
			<td style="width:191px;">VWR</td>
			<td style="width:119px;">470161-478</td>
			<td></td>
		</tr>
		<tr height="21">
			<td height="21" style="height:21px;">StatSpin CritSpin Microhematocrit Centrifuge</td>
			<td style="width:191px;">Beckman Coulter, Inc</td>
			<td style="width:119px;">X00-004999-001</td>
			<td></td>
		</tr>
	</tbody>
</table>

milk collection in the rat using capillary tubes and estimation of milk fat content by creamatocrit

Milk, as the sole source of nutrition for the newborn mammal, provides the necessary nutrients and energy for offspring growth and development. It also contains a vast number of bioactive compounds that greatly affect the development of the neonate. The analysis of milk components will help elucidate key factors that link maternal metabolism and health with offspring growth and development. The laboratory rat represents a popular model organism for maternal studies, and rat milk can be used to examine the effect of various maternal physiological, nutritional, and pharmacological interventions on milk components, which may then impact offspring health. Here a simple method of manually collecting milk from the lactating rat that can be performed by a single investigator, does not require specialized vacuum or suction equipment, and provides sufficient milk for subsequent downstream analysis is described. A method for estimating the fat content of milk by measuring the percentage of cream within the milk sample, known as the creamatocrit, is also presented. These methods can ultimately be used to increase insight into maternal-child health and to elucidate maternal factors that are involved in proper growth and development of offspring.

Il latte è stato raccolto come descritto allo svezzamento da dighe Wistar (circa 22 settimane di età, peso 350 a 400 g) che consuma un controllo (AIN-93G, n = 5), ad alto contenuto proteico (40% di caseina peso / peso, n = 5) , o di fibre prebiotiche (21,6% peso / peso, rapporto 1: 1 di oligofruttosio e l&#39;inulina, n = 4) dieta durante la gravidanza e l&#39;allattamento. La dose di ossitocina era 2 UI. Il latte è stato raccolto in provette capillari, e un tubo è stato filato usando un filatore ematocrito per dete...

Watch this Scientific Journal Video about Milk Collection in the Rat Using Capillary Tubes and Estimation of Milk Fat Content by Creamatocrit at JoVE.com

Milk Collection in the Rat Using Capillary Tubes and Estimation of Milk Fat Content by Creamatocrit

Milk is a primary source of nutrition for the neonate. Analysis of milk components may provide insight into maternal factors that affect offspring health. This protocol describes a manual method of collecting milk samples from the lactating rat, which can then be used for further downstream analysis.

Milk Collection nella Rat Utilizzando tubi capillari e stima di tenore di materia grassa per Creamatocrit

Milk, as the sole source of nutrition for the newborn mammal, provides the necessary nutrients and energy for offspring growth and development. It also ...

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Analyzing Starvation-Induced Autophagy in the Drosophila melanogaster Larval Fat Body

Analisi dell'autofagia indotta dalla fame nel corpo grasso larvale di Drosophila melanogaster

Autophagy is a cellular self-digestion process. It delivers cargo to the lysosomes for degradation in response to various stresses, including starvation. ...

Quantification of Skeletal Muscle Fatty Infiltration via Decellularization

Decellularization-Based Quantification of Skeletal Muscle Fatty Infiltration

Decellularization-Based Quantification of Skeletal Muscle Fatty Infiltration (Video) | JoVE 

Quantificazione basata sulla decellularizzazione dell'infiltrazione grassa del muscolo scheletrico

Fatty infiltration is the accumulation of adipocytes between myofibers in skeletal muscle and is a prominent feature of many myopathies, metabolic ...