Name: lateral root inducible system in arabidopsis and maize
Uploaded: 2016-01-14T16:00:00
Description: Watch this Scientific Journal Video about Lateral Root Inducible System in Arabidopsis and Maize at JoVE.com

The authors thank Davy Opdenacker for technical assistance and photography. We greatly thank Dr. Annick Bleys for helpful suggestions to improve the manuscript. This work was financed by the Interuniversity Attraction Poles Programme IUAP P7/29 'MARS' from the Belgian Federal Science Policy Office, by the FWO grant G027313N and by the Agency for Innovation by Science and Technology, IWT (IR).

1. ארבידופסיס LRIS פרוטוקול הערה: הטקסט מתייחס לניסויים בקנה מידה &quot;קטנים&quot; או &quot;גדולים&quot;. ניסויים בקנה מידה קטנים, כגון ניתוח קו הסמן וצביעה היסטולוגית 6, 14, דורשים רק כמה דוגמאות. ניסויים בקנה מידה גדולים, כגון בזמן א?...

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בפרוטוקול ארבידופסיס LRIS, חשוב להעביר רק את השתילים שצמחו כולו במגע עם מדיום גידול רשות הטבע והגנים המכיל. הדבר מבטיח כי ייזום שורש לרוחב חסום על אורך השורש כל. כדי למנוע פציעת שתילי במהלך העברה, זרועות המלקחיים המעוקלים יכולות להיות מכור תחת הפסיגים של השתיל. עם ?...

מערכת השורשים היא קריטית לצמיחת צמח, שכן הוא מבטיח מעגן וספיגה של מים וחומרים מזינים מהאדמה. בגלל ההתרחבות של מערכת שורשים בעיקר מסתמכת על הייצור של שורשים לרוחב, הייזום והקמה שלהם נחקרו בהרחבה. שורשים לרוחב הם יזמו בתת-קבוצה מסוימת של תאי pericycle, הנקראים תאי מייסד 1. ברוב dicots, כגון thaliana ארבידופסיס, תאים אלה נמצאים בקטבי protoxylem 2, ואילו בmonocots, כגון תירס, שהם נמצאים בקטבי השיפה 3. תאי מייסד מסומנים על ידי תגובת אוקסין עלה 4, ואחריו ביטוי של גני מחזור התא ספציפיים (למשל, cyclin B1; 1 / CYCB1; 1), לאחר שהם עוברים סיבוב ראשון של חטיבות anticlinal סימטריות 5. לאחר סדרה של חטיבות anticlinal וpericlinal מתואמות, primordium שורש לרוחב נוצר שסופו של דבר יתגלה כשורש לרוחב utonomous. המיקום והעיתוי של תחילת שורש לרוחב עם זאת לא צפויים, שכן אירועים אלה הם לא בשפע ולא מסונכרנים. זה מונע את השימוש של גישות מולקולריות כגון transcriptomics ללמוד את התהליך הזה. כדי להתמודד עם זה, מערכת לרוחב שורש עין מתנהל (LRIS) פותחה 6, 7. במערכת זו, מטופלים שתילים ראשון עם N חומצת -1-naphthylphthalamic (רט&quot;ג), אשר מעכב תחבורת אוקסין וצבירה, וכתוצאה מכך חסימת ייזום שורש לרוחב 8. על ידי המשך העברת השתיל למדיום המכיל את חומצת אוקסין הסינתטי 1-נפתלין אצטית (NAA), כל שכבת pericycle מגיבה לרמות הגבוהות אוקסין כך מסיבית חטיבות התרמה לרוחב שורש ייזום תא 6. ככזה, מערכת זו מובילה לחניכות שורשים לרוחב מהירות, סינכרוני ונרחבים, המאפשרת איסוף קל של דגימות שורש מועשרים לשלב ספציפי של מנוחפיתוח שורש RAL. בהמשך לכך, ניתן להשתמש בדוגמאות אלה כדי לקבוע פרופילי ביטוי הגנום במהלך היווצרות שורש לרוחב. LRIS הניב ידע משמעותי כבר על התחלה לרוחב שורש בארבידופסיס ותירס 9-13, אבל הצורך ליישם במערכת זו כדי מיני צמחים אחרים הופך ברור יותר ככל שיותר הגנומים רצף ויש עניין גובר להעברת ידע לחשוב חסכוניים מִין. הנה, הפרוטוקולים מפורטים של ארבידופסיס וLRISs התירס מקבלים. בשלב הבא, דוגמא של השימוש במערכת מסופקת, על ידי הממחיש כיצד ניתן להשתמש בנתוני transcriptomics צברו מLRIS התירס לזהות homologs הפונקציונלי שיש להם תפקיד שימור בייזום שורש לרוחב על פני מיני צמחים שונים. לבסוף, הנחיות כדי לייעל את LRIS למיני צמחים אחרים מוצעים.

<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" width="1258">
	<tbody>
		<tr height="21">
			<td height="21" style="height:21px;width:361px;">ARABIDOPSIS LRIS</td>
			<td style="width:228px;"></td>
			<td style="width:119px;"></td>
			<td style="width:551px;"></td>
		</tr>
		<tr height="21">
			<td height="21" style="height:21px;width:361px;">Seeds</td>
			<td style="width:228px;"></td>
			<td style="width:119px;"></td>
			<td></td>
		</tr>
		<tr height="21">
			<td height="21" style="height:21px;width:361px;">Arabidopsis seeds</td>
			<td style="width:228px;"></td>
			<td style="width:119px;"></td>
			<td>Col-0 ecotype</td>
		</tr>
		<tr height="21">
			<td height="21" style="height:21px;width:361px;">Gas sterilization of seeds</td>
			<td style="width:228px;"></td>
			<td style="width:119px;"></td>
			<td></td>
		</tr>
		<tr height="21">
			<td height="21" style="height:21px;width:361px;">micro-centrifuge tubes 1.5 ml</td>
			<td style="width:228px;">SIGMA-ALDRICH</td>
			<td style="width:119px;">0030 125.215</td>
			<td>Eppendorf microtubes 3810X, PCR clean</td>
		</tr>
		<tr height="21">
			<td height="21" style="height:21px;width:361px;">micro-centrifuge tubes 2 ml</td>
			<td style="width:228px;">SIGMA-ALDRICH</td>
			<td style="width:119px;">0030 120.094</td>
			<td>Eppendorf Safe-Lock microcentrifuge tubes</td>
		</tr>
		<tr height="21">
			<td height="21" style="height:21px;width:361px;">hydrochloric acid</td>
			<td style="width:228px;">Merck KGaA</td>
			<td style="width:119px;">1,003,171,000</td>
			<td>37% (fuming) for analysis EMSURE ACS,ISO,Reag. Ph Eu</td>
		</tr>
		<tr height="21">
			<td height="21" style="height:21px;width:361px;">glass desiccator</td>
			<td style="width:228px;">SIGMA-ALDRICH</td>
			<td style="width:119px;"></td>
			<td>Pyrex</td>
		</tr>
		<tr height="20">
			<td height="20" style="height:20px;width:361px;">glass beaker</td>
			<td style="width:228px;"></td>
			<td style="width:119px;"></td>
			<td></td>
		</tr>
		<tr height="21">
			<td height="21" style="height:21px;width:361px;">plastic micro-centrifuge tubes box or holder</td>
			<td style="width:228px;"></td>
			<td style="width:119px;"></td>
			<td></td>
		</tr>
		<tr height="21">
			<td height="21" style="height:21px;width:361px;">Bleach sterilization of seeds</td>
			<td style="width:228px;"></td>
			<td style="width:119px;"></td>
			<td></td>
		</tr>
		<tr height="21">
			<td height="21" style="height:21px;width:361px;">ethanol</td>
			<td style="width:228px;">Chem-Lab nv</td>
			<td style="width:119px;">CL00.0505.1000</td>
			<td>Ethanol, abs. 100% a.r. dilute to 70%</td>
		</tr>
		<tr height="21">
			<td height="21" style="height:21px;width:361px;">sodium hypochlorite (NaOCl)</td>
			<td style="width:228px;">Carl Roth</td>
			<td style="width:119px;">9062.3</td>
			<td>12%</td>
		</tr>
		<tr height="21">
			<td height="21" style="height:21px;width:361px;">Tween 20</td>
			<td style="width:228px;">SIGMA-ALDRICH</td>
			<td style="width:119px;">P1379</td>
			<td></td>
		</tr>
		<tr height="21">
			<td height="21" style="height:21px;width:361px;">sterile water</td>
			<td style="width:228px;"></td>
			<td style="width:119px;"></td>
			<td></td>
		</tr>
		<tr height="21">
			<td height="21" style="height:21px;width:361px;">Growth medium</td>
			<td style="width:228px;"></td>
			<td style="width:119px;"></td>
			<td></td>
		</tr>
		<tr height="21">
			<td height="21" style="height:21px;width:361px;">Murashige and Skoog salt mixture</td>
			<td style="width:228px;">DUCHEFA Biochemie B.V.</td>
			<td style="width:119px;">M0221-0050</td>
			<td></td>
		</tr>
		<tr height="21">
			<td height="21" style="height:21px;width:361px;">myo-inositol</td>
			<td style="width:228px;">SIGMA-ALDRICH</td>
			<td style="width:119px;">I5125-100G</td>
			<td></td>
		</tr>
		<tr height="21">
			<td height="21" style="height:21px;width:361px;">2-(N-morpholino)ethanesulfonic acid (MES)</td>
			<td style="width:228px;">DUCHEFA Biochemie B.V.</td>
			<td style="width:119px;">M1503.0100</td>
			<td></td>
		</tr>
		<tr height="21">
			<td height="21" style="height:21px;width:361px;">sucrose</td>
			<td style="width:228px;">VWR, Internation LLC</td>
			<td style="width:119px;">27483.294</td>
			<td>D(+)-Sucrose Ph. Eur.</td>
		</tr>
		<tr height="21">
			<td height="21" style="height:21px;width:361px;">KOH</td>
			<td style="width:228px;">Merck KGaA</td>
			<td style="width:119px;">1050211000</td>
			<td>pellets for analysis (max. 0.002% Na) EMSURE ACS,ISO,Reag. Ph Eur</td>
		</tr>
		<tr height="21">
			<td height="21" style="height:21px;width:361px;">Plant Tissue Culture Agar</td>
			<td style="width:228px;">LabM Limited</td>
			<td style="width:119px;">MC029</td>
			<td></td>
		</tr>
		<tr height="21">
			<td height="21" style="height:21px;width:361px;">Lateral root induction chemicals</td>
			<td style="width:228px;"></td>
			<td style="width:119px;"></td>
			<td></td>
		</tr>
		<tr height="21">
			<td height="21" style="height:21px;width:361px;">N-1-naphthylphthalamic acid (NPA)</td>
			<td style="width:228px;">DUCHEFA Biochemie B.V.</td>
			<td style="width:119px;">No. N0926.0250</td>
			<td>10 &#181;M (Arabidopsis)</td>
		</tr>
		<tr height="21">
			<td height="21" style="height:21px;width:361px;">1-naphthalene acetic acid (NAA)</td>
			<td style="width:228px;">DUCHEFA Biochemie B.V.</td>
			<td style="width:119px;">No. N0903.0050</td>
			<td>10 &#181;M (Arabidopsis)</td>
		</tr>
		<tr height="21">
			<td height="21" style="height:21px;width:361px;">dimethylsulfoxide (DMSO)</td>
			<td style="width:228px;">SIGMA-ALDRICH</td>
			<td style="width:119px;">494429-1L</td>
			<td></td>
		</tr>
		<tr height="21">
			<td height="21" style="height:21px;width:361px;">Making a mesh for transfer</td>
			<td style="width:228px;"></td>
			<td style="width:119px;"></td>
			<td></td>
		</tr>
		<tr height="21">
			<td height="21" style="height:21px;width:361px;">nylon mesh</td>
			<td style="width:228px;">Prosep byba</td>
			<td style="width:119px;"></td>
			<td>Synthetic nylon mesh 20 &#181;m</td>
		</tr>
		<tr height="21">
			<td height="21" style="height:21px;width:361px;">Sowing and seedling handling</td>
			<td style="width:228px;"></td>
			<td style="width:119px;"></td>
			<td></td>
		</tr>
		<tr height="21">
			<td height="21" style="height:21px;width:361px;">square petri dish plates</td>
			<td style="width:228px;">GOSSELIN</td>
			<td style="width:119px;">BP124-05</td>
			<td>12 x 12 cm</td>
		</tr>
		<tr height="21">
			<td height="21" style="height:21px;width:361px;">50 ml DURAN tubes</td>
			<td style="width:228px;">SIGMA-ALDRICH</td>
			<td style="width:119px;">CLS430304</td>
			<td>Corning&#160;50 mL centrifuge tubes</td>
		</tr>
		<tr height="21">
			<td height="21" style="height:21px;width:361px;">drigalski</td>
			<td style="width:228px;">Carl Roth</td>
			<td style="width:119px;">K732.1</td>
			<td></td>
		</tr>
		<tr height="21">
			<td height="21" style="height:21px;width:361px;">pipette</td>
			<td style="width:228px;"></td>
			<td style="width:119px;"></td>
			<td></td>
		</tr>
		<tr height="21">
			<td height="21" style="height:21px;width:361px;">cut pipette tips</td>
			<td style="width:228px;">Daslab</td>
			<td style="width:119px;">162001X</td>
			<td>Universal 200, cut off 5 mm of tip before autoclaving</td>
		</tr>
		<tr height="21">
			<td height="21" style="height:21px;">breathable tape&#160;</td>
			<td style="width:228px;">3M Deutschland GmbH</td>
			<td style="width:119px;">cat. no. 1530-1</td>
			<td></td>
		</tr>
		<tr height="21">
			<td height="21" style="height:21px;width:361px;">tweezers</td>
			<td style="width:228px;">Fiers nv/sa</td>
			<td style="width:119px;">K342.1; K344.1</td>
			<td>Dumont tweezers type a nr 5; Dumont tweezers type e nr 7</td>
		</tr>
		<tr height="21">
			<td height="21" style="height:21px;width:361px;">Growth conditions</td>
			<td style="width:228px;"></td>
			<td style="width:119px;"></td>
			<td></td>
		</tr>
		<tr height="21">
			<td height="21" style="height:21px;width:361px;">growth room</td>
			<td style="width:228px;"></td>
			<td style="width:119px;"></td>
			<td>21 &#176;C, continuous light</td>
		</tr>
		<tr height="21">
			<td height="21" style="height:21px;width:361px;">Materials</td>
			<td style="width:228px;">Company</td>
			<td style="width:119px;">Catalog</td>
			<td>Comments</td>
		</tr>
		<tr height="21">
			<td height="21" style="height:21px;width:361px;">MAIZE LRIS</td>
			<td style="width:228px;"></td>
			<td style="width:119px;"></td>
			<td></td>
		</tr>
		<tr height="21">
			<td height="21" style="height:21px;width:361px;">Seeds</td>
			<td style="width:228px;"></td>
			<td style="width:119px;"></td>
			<td></td>
		</tr>
		<tr height="21">
			<td height="21" style="height:21px;width:361px;">Maize kernels</td>
			<td style="width:228px;"></td>
			<td style="width:119px;"></td>
			<td>B-73</td>
		</tr>
		<tr height="21">
			<td height="21" style="height:21px;width:361px;">Bleach sterilization of kernels</td>
			<td style="width:228px;"></td>
			<td style="width:119px;"></td>
			<td></td>
		</tr>
		<tr height="20">
			<td height="20" style="height:20px;width:361px;">glass beaker</td>
			<td style="width:228px;"></td>
			<td style="width:119px;"></td>
			<td></td>
		</tr>
		<tr height="21">
			<td height="21" style="height:21px;">magnetic stirrer&#160;</td>
			<td style="width:228px;">Fiers nv/sa</td>
			<td style="width:119px;">C267.1</td>
			<td></td>
		</tr>
		<tr height="21">
			<td height="21" style="height:21px;width:361px;">sodium hypochlorite (NaOCl)</td>
			<td style="width:228px;">Carl Roth</td>
			<td style="width:119px;">9062.3</td>
			<td>12%</td>
		</tr>
		<tr height="21">
			<td height="21" style="height:21px;width:361px;">sterile water</td>
			<td style="width:228px;"></td>
			<td style="width:119px;"></td>
			<td></td>
		</tr>
		<tr height="21">
			<td height="21" style="height:21px;width:361px;">Lateral root induction chemicals</td>
			<td style="width:228px;"></td>
			<td style="width:119px;"></td>
			<td></td>
		</tr>
		<tr height="21">
			<td height="21" style="height:21px;width:361px;">N-1-naphthylphthalamic acid (NPA)</td>
			<td style="width:228px;">DUCHEFA Biochemie B.V.</td>
			<td style="width:119px;">No. N0926.0250</td>
			<td>50 &#181;M (maize primary root), 25 &#181;M (maize adventitious root)</td>
		</tr>
		<tr height="21">
			<td height="21" style="height:21px;width:361px;">1-naphthalene acetic acid (NAA)</td>
			<td style="width:228px;">DUCHEFA Biochemie B.V.</td>
			<td style="width:119px;">No. N0903.0050</td>
			<td>50 &#181;M (maize)</td>
		</tr>
		<tr height="21">
			<td height="21" style="height:21px;width:361px;">dimethylsulfoxide (DMSO)</td>
			<td style="width:228px;">SIGMA-ALDRICH</td>
			<td style="width:119px;">494429-1L</td>
			<td></td>
		</tr>
		<tr height="21">
			<td height="21" style="height:21px;width:361px;">Sowing and seedling handling</td>
			<td style="width:228px;"></td>
			<td style="width:119px;"></td>
			<td></td>
		</tr>
		<tr height="21">
			<td height="21" style="height:21px;width:361px;">paper hand towels</td>
			<td style="width:228px;">Kimberly-Clark Professional*</td>
			<td style="width:119px;">6681</td>
			<td>SCOTT Hand Towels - Roll / White; sheet size (24 x 46 cm)</td>
		</tr>
		<tr height="21">
			<td height="21" style="height:21px;width:361px;">seed germination paper</td>
			<td style="width:228px;">Anchor Paper Company</td>
			<td style="width:119px;"></td>
			<td>10 X 15 38# seed germination paper</td>
		</tr>
		<tr height="21">
			<td height="21" style="height:21px;width:361px;">tweezers</td>
			<td style="width:228px;">Fiers nv/sa</td>
			<td style="width:119px;">K342.1; K344.1</td>
			<td>Dumont tweezers type a nr 5; Dumont tweezers type e nr 7</td>
		</tr>
		<tr height="21">
			<td height="21" style="height:21px;width:361px;">250 ml (centrifuge) tubes</td>
			<td style="width:228px;">SCHOTT DURAN</td>
			<td style="width:119px;">2160136</td>
			<td>approx. 5.6 cm diameter and 14.7 cm height&#160;</td>
		</tr>
		<tr height="21">
			<td height="21" style="height:21px;width:361px;">700 ml tubes</td>
			<td style="width:228px;">DURAN GROUP</td>
			<td style="width:119px;">213994609</td>
			<td>cylinders, round foot tube, D 60&#160; x 250</td>
		</tr>
		<tr height="21">
			<td height="21" style="height:21px;">rack</td>
			<td style="width:228px;"></td>
			<td style="width:119px;"></td>
			<td>for maize tubes, home made</td>
		</tr>
		<tr height="21">
			<td height="21" style="height:21px;width:361px;">sterile water</td>
			<td style="width:228px;"></td>
			<td style="width:119px;"></td>
			<td></td>
		</tr>
		<tr height="21">
			<td height="21" style="height:21px;width:361px;">Growth conditions</td>
			<td style="width:228px;"></td>
			<td style="width:119px;"></td>
			<td></td>
		</tr>
		<tr height="21">
			<td height="21" style="height:21px;">growth cabinet</td>
			<td style="width:228px;"></td>
			<td style="width:119px;"></td>
			<td>27 &#176;C, continuous light, 70% relative humidity</td>
		</tr>
	</tbody>
</table>

lateral root inducible system in arabidopsis and maize

Lateral root development contributes significantly to the root system, and hence is crucial for plant growth. The study of lateral root initiation is however tedious, because it occurs only in a few cells inside the root and in an unpredictable manner. To circumvent this problem, a Lateral Root Inducible System (LRIS) has been developed. By treating seedlings consecutively with an auxin transport inhibitor and a synthetic auxin, highly controlled lateral root initiation occurs synchronously in the primary root, allowing abundant sampling of a desired developmental stage. The LRIS has first been developed for Arabidopsis thaliana, but can be applied to other plants as well. Accordingly, it has been adapted for use in maize (Zea mays). A detailed overview of the different steps of the LRIS in both plants is given. The combination of this system with comparative transcriptomics made it possible to identify functional homologs of Arabidopsis lateral root initiation genes in other species as illustrated here for the CYCLIN B1;1 (CYCB1;1) cell cycle gene in maize. Finally, the principles that need to be taken into account when an LRIS is developed for other plant species are discussed.

יישום של LRIS לבצע transcriptomics השוואתי של תהליך רוט ייזום הרוחב אחד יישומים של LRIS הוא ההשוואה וההתאמה של פרופילי ביטוי גנים במהלך היווצרות שורש לרוחב במינים שונים. transcriptomics השוואתי גישות ל?...

Watch this Scientific Journal Video about Lateral Root Inducible System in Arabidopsis and Maize at JoVE.com

Lateral Root Inducible System in Arabidopsis and Maize

מערכת עין מתנהל שורש לרוחב ב<em&gt; ארבידופסיס</em&gt; ותירס

The Lateral Root Inducible System (LRIS) allows for synchronous induction of lateral roots and is presented for Arabidopsis thaliana and maize.

Lateral root development contributes significantly to the root system, and hence is crucial for plant growth. The study of lateral root initiation is ...

Research

Education

JoVE Journal

JoVE Core

Biology

Lateral Root Inducible System in Arabidopsis and Maize

Plant Biology

Plant Structure, Growth, and Nutrition

SCIENTISTS IN ACTION

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Author Spotlight: Non-Invasive High-Resolution Measurement of Chlorophyll Synthesis During De-Etiolation

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