Name: use of a rat model to study ventral abdominal hernia repair
Uploaded: 2017-10-02T12:30:00
Description: Watch this Scientific Journal Video about Use of a Rat Model to Study Ventral Abdominal Hernia Repair at JoVE.com

作者希望感谢瓦莱丽施罗德对这项工作的技术方面的帮助。与这个模型的发展相关的工作由库克生物技术, Inc. (西拉斐特, 在美国) 支持。

在本议定书中使用动物是由圣母大学机构动物照料和使用委员会批准的, 遵循所有的管理要求和准则, 并在由国际实验室动物保育 (AAALAC) 评估和认可协会. 
 1. 选择动物 <ol> <li> 从有信誉的供应商或育种群体中获得无病原体大鼠. 
	注: 通常情况下, 设施兽医或经理可以指示调查员到适当的来源。大约 250 g 体重的老鼠适合这个做法. </li>
	<li> 在手术前的一天, 检查动物以确保...

<ol>
	<li>Poussier, M., et al. <a target="_blank" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?db=PubMed&cmd=Search&doptcmdl=Citation&defaultField=Title+Word&term=A+review+of+available+prosthetic+material+for+abdominal+wall+repair.">A review of available prosthetic material for abdominal wall repair.</a> J. Visc. Surg. 150 (1), 52-59 (2013).</li><li>Hjort, H., Mathisen, T., Alves, A., Clermont, G., Boutrand, J. P. <a target="_blank" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?db=PubMed&cmd=Search&doptcmdl=Citation&defaultField=Title+Word&term=Three-year+results+from+a+preclinical+implantation+study+of+a+long-term+resorbable+surgical+mesh+with+time-dependent+mechanical+characteristics.">Three-year results from a preclinical implantation study of a long-term resorbable surgical mesh with time-dependent mechanical characteristics.</a> Hernia. 16 (2), 191-197 (2012).</li><li>Ko, R., Kazacos, E. A., Snyder, S., Ernst, D. M. J., Lantz, G. C. <a target="_blank" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?db=PubMed&cmd=Search&doptcmdl=Citation&defaultField=Title+Word&term=Tensile+strength+comparison+of+small+intestinal+submucosa+body+wall+repair.">Tensile strength comparison of small intestinal submucosa body wall repair.</a> J. Surg. Res. 135 (1), 9-17 (2006).</li><li>Garcia-Moreno, F., et al. <a target="_blank" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?db=PubMed&cmd=Search&doptcmdl=Citation&defaultField=Title+Word&term=Comparing+the+host+tissue+response+and+peritoneal+behavior+of+composite+meshes+used+for+ventral+hernia+repair.">Comparing the host tissue response and peritoneal behavior of composite meshes used for ventral hernia repair.</a> J. Surg. Res. 193 (1), 470-482 (2015).</li><li>Soiderer, E. E., Lantz, G. C., Kazacos, E. A., Hodde, J. P., Wiegand, R. E. <a target="_blank" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?db=PubMed&cmd=Search&doptcmdl=Citation&defaultField=Title+Word&term=Morphologic+study+of+three+collagen+materials+for+body+wall+repair.">Morphologic study of three collagen materials for body wall repair.</a> J. Surg. Res. 118 (2), 161-175 (2004).</li><li>Liu, Z., Tang, R., Zhou, Z., Song, Z., Wang, H., Gu, Y. <a target="_blank" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?db=PubMed&cmd=Search&doptcmdl=Citation&defaultField=Title+Word&term=Comparison+of+two+porcine-derived+materials+for+repairing+abdominal+wall+defect+in+rats.">Comparison of two porcine-derived materials for repairing abdominal wall defect in rats.</a> PLOS One. 6 (5), e20520 (2011).</li><li>Zhang, J., Wang, G. Y., Xiao, Y. P., Fan, L. Y., Wang, Q. <a target="_blank" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?db=PubMed&cmd=Search&doptcmdl=Citation&defaultField=Title+Word&term=The+biomechanical+behavior+and+host+response+to+porcine-derived+small+intestine+submucosa,+pericardium+and+dermal+matrix+acellular+grafts+in+a+rat+abdominal+defect+model.">The biomechanical behavior and host response to porcine-derived small intestine submucosa, pericardium and dermal matrix acellular grafts in a rat abdominal defect model.</a> Biomaterials. 32 (29), 7086-7095 (2011).</li><li>Ma, J., Sahoo, S., Baker, A. R., Derwin, K. A. <a target="_blank" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?db=PubMed&cmd=Search&doptcmdl=Citation&defaultField=Title+Word&term=Investigating+muscle+regeneration+with+a+dermis/small+intestinal+submucosa+scaffold+in+a+rat+full-thickness+abdominal+wall+defect+model.">Investigating muscle regeneration with a dermis/small intestinal submucosa scaffold in a rat full-thickness abdominal wall defect model.</a> J.Biomed.Mater.Res.Part B. 103 (2), 355-364 (2015).</li><li>Greca, F. H., Souza-Filho, Z. A., Giovanni, A., Rubin, M. R., Kuenzer, R. F., Reese, F. B., Araujo, L. M. <a target="_blank" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?db=PubMed&cmd=Search&doptcmdl=Citation&defaultField=Title+Word&term=The+influence+of+porosity+on+the+integration+histology+of+two+polypropylene+meshes+for+the+treatment+of+abdominal+wall+defects+in+dogs.">The influence of porosity on the integration histology of two polypropylene meshes for the treatment of abdominal wall defects in dogs.</a> Hernia. 12 (1), 45-49 (2008).</li><li>Hiles, M., Record-Ritchie, R. D., Altizer, A. M. <a target="_blank" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?db=PubMed&cmd=Search&doptcmdl=Citation&defaultField=Title+Word&term=Are+biologic+grafts+effective+for+hernia+repair?+A+systematic+review+of+the+literature.">Are biologic grafts effective for hernia repair? A systematic review of the literature.</a> Surg. Innov. 16 (1), 26-37 (2009).</li><li>Helton, W. S., Fisichella, P. M., Berger, R., Horgan, S., Espat, N. J., Abcarian, H. <a target="_blank" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?db=PubMed&cmd=Search&doptcmdl=Citation&defaultField=Title+Word&term=Short-term+outcomes+with+small+intestinal+submucosa+for+ventral+abdominal+hernia.">Short-term outcomes with small intestinal submucosa for ventral abdominal hernia.</a> Arch. Surg. 140 (6), 560-562 (2005).</li><li>Franklin, M. E., Trevino, J. M., Portillo, G., Vela, I., Glass, J. L., Gonzalez, J. J. <a target="_blank" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?db=PubMed&cmd=Search&doptcmdl=Citation&defaultField=Title+Word&term=The+use+of+porcine+small+intestinal+submucosa+as+a+prosthetic+material+for+laparascopic+hernia+repair+in+infected+and+potentially+contaminated+fields:+long-term+follow-up.">The use of porcine small intestinal submucosa as a prosthetic material for laparascopic hernia repair in infected and potentially contaminated fields: long-term follow-up.</a> Surg. Endosc. 22 (9), 1941-1946 (2008).</li><li>Clarke, K. M., Lantz, G. C., Salisbury, S. K., Badylak, S. F., Hiles, M. C., Voytik, S. L. <a target="_blank" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?db=PubMed&cmd=Search&doptcmdl=Citation&defaultField=Title+Word&term=Intestine+submucosa+and+polypropylene+mesh+for+abdominal+wall+repair+in+dogs.">Intestine submucosa and polypropylene mesh for abdominal wall repair in dogs.</a> J. Surg. Res. 60 (1), 107-114 (1996).</li><li>Sarikava, A., Record, R., Wu, C. C., Tullius, B., Badylak, S. F., Ladisch, M. <a target="_blank" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?db=PubMed&cmd=Search&doptcmdl=Citation&defaultField=Title+Word&term=Antimicrobial+activity+associated+with+extracellular+matrices.">Antimicrobial activity associated with extracellular matrices.</a> Tissue Eng. 8 (1), 63-71 (2002).</li><li>Serra, R., Grande, R., Butrico, L., Rossi, A., Settimio, U. F., Caroleo, B., Amato, B., Gallelli, L., de Franciscis, S. <a target="_blank" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?db=PubMed&cmd=Search&doptcmdl=Citation&defaultField=Title+Word&term=Chronic+wound+infections:+the+role+of+Pseudomonas+aeruginosa+and+Staphylococcus+aureus.">Chronic wound infections: the role of Pseudomonas aeruginosa and Staphylococcus aureus.</a> Expert Rev. Anti. Infect. Ther. 13 (5), 605-613 (2015).</li></ol>

腹腹疝修补术的材料非常有趣, 特别是那些提供了一个初步的机械桥, 然后能够纳入宿主组织。在这方面, 研究了多种材料, 包括 SIS、猪脱细胞真皮基质和猪心包。6,7这些材料代表这些组织的胞外基质, 并充当细胞可以迁移和增殖的支架, 从而促进组织的整合。
疝修补材料的评价需要一种易于处理且具有完整愈合能力的动物模型。大?...

腹壁疝是一个常见的临床问题, 可能发生的原因是先天性缺损, 外伤, 或关闭手术伤口累及腹壁。修复通常涉及使用植入物来加强腹壁, 以减少复发率, 在治疗的患者与植入物相比, 那些在腹壁是简单地封闭与缝合。1
手术疝修补往往需要机械架桥的缺陷与植入材料。在这方面, 合成和天然材料都被用于疝气修补。许多合成材料通常是吸收, 包括聚丙烯, 聚对苯二甲酸乙二醇酯聚酯, 和扩大聚四氟乙烯, 而其他合成植入物结合之一的吸收材料与可吸收聚合物如 polygalactine。1相比之下, 天然材料植入物通常来源于动物或人类尸体来源。用于疝修补的天然材料通常富含胶原蛋白, 并作为长和宿主组织整合的支架。
开发和优化腹腹疝修补新材料的愿望需要一个合适的动物模型来评估候选材料。研究已在各种物种进行, 包括绵羊,2猪,3兔,4大鼠,5,6,7,8和狗。9使用大鼠进行此类研究的优势在于, 它们提供了一种易于处理的模型, 可用于各种自交系, 从而控制遗传变异。此外, 与上述其他物种相比, 小鼠整体体表面积较小, 因此可以对可能具有实验性质的材料进行评估, 因此不太丰富。 此外, 与其他种类的老鼠相比, 降低了与其他物种相关的成本, 可以相对提高筛选候选材料的能力, 以便用于腹腹疝的修复。 对材料的考虑通常包括由外科医生的易于处理, 强度, 纳入宿主组织的能力, 生物相容性和抵抗感染。
作为一个例子, 猪小肠黏膜下层 (SIS) 是一种天然生物材料, 已被用于广泛的组织修复适应症, 包括修复腹腹部, 腹股沟, 和膈疝。10,11,12 SIS 迅速并入宿主组织中, 并被发现对感染具有普遍的抵抗力, 因此该材料在受污染的领域具有特殊用途。13,14在大鼠模型中, SIS 表现出了易于处理、拉伸强度和单轴拉伸破坏试验所确定的良好抗拉强度, 并在胶原沉积和新生血管方面促进组织长。6,7
准确的手术桥接缺陷是评估候选修复材料时生产模型的一个基本特征。动物必须充分麻醉和无菌技术严格遵循。此外, 一个标准尺寸的腹壁缺陷, 必须仔细地创建, 然后桥接的方式, 足以保证材料的缺陷的边缘。8本协议提供了一种标准方法, 用于手术创建和修复腹腹疝, 以 SIS 为例, 在大鼠中架桥材料。

<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" width="573">
	<colgroup>
		<col />
		<col />
		<col />
		<col />
	</colgroup>
	<tbody>
		<tr height="84">
			<td height="84" style="height:84px;width:216px;">Isoflurane (Isoflo)</td>
			<td style="width:71px;">Henry Schine Animal Health</td>
			<td align="right" style="width:119px;">17579</td>
			<td style="width:167px;">gas anesthetic</td>
		</tr>
		<tr height="84">
			<td height="84" style="height:84px;width:216px;">Optixcare Eye Lubricant</td>
			<td style="width:71px;">Henry Schine Animal Health</td>
			<td style="width:119px;">OPX4240</td>
			<td>Ocular lubricant</td>
		</tr>
		<tr height="84">
			<td height="84" style="height:84px;width:216px;">Oster clippers</td>
			<td style="width:71px;">Henry Schine Animal Health</td>
			<td align="right" style="width:119px;">6092</td>
			<td>hair clippers</td>
		</tr>
		<tr height="84">
			<td height="84" style="height:84px;width:216px;">Betadine surgical scrub</td>
			<td style="width:71px;">Henry Schine Animal Health</td>
			<td align="right" style="width:119px;">1618</td>
			<td>antiseptic iodophor</td>
		</tr>
		<tr height="84">
			<td height="84" style="height:84px;width:216px;">Sterile scalpel</td>
			<td style="width:71px;">Henry Schine Animal Health</td>
			<td align="right" style="width:119px;">329</td>
			<td>#10 scalpel</td>
		</tr>
		<tr height="63">
			<td height="63" style="height:63px;width:216px;">9&#34; x 12&#34; disposable surgical drape</td>
			<td style="width:71px;">Braintree Scientific, Inc.</td>
			<td style="width:119px;">SP-RPS</td>
			<td>Surgical drape</td>
		</tr>
		<tr height="63">
			<td height="63" style="height:63px;width:216px;">4-0 nylon suture</td>
			<td style="width:71px;">Braintree Scientific, Inc.</td>
			<td style="width:119px;">SUT 812</td>
			<td>Suture material</td>
		</tr>
		<tr height="84">
			<td height="84" style="height:84px;width:216px;">4-0 Absorbable Suture</td>
			<td style="width:71px;">Henry Schine Animal Health</td>
			<td align="right" style="width:119px;">29242</td>
			<td>Synthetic absorbable suture</td>
		</tr>
		<tr height="63">
			<td height="63" style="height:63px;width:216px;">9 mm Autoclips and applier</td>
			<td style="width:71px;">Braintree Scientific, Inc.</td>
			<td style="width:119px;">ACS KIT</td>
			<td>Surgical staples for closure of skin incision</td>
		</tr>
		<tr height="84">
			<td height="84" style="height:84px;width:216px;">Torbugesic/analgesic</td>
			<td style="width:71px;">Henry Schine Animal Health</td>
			<td align="right" style="width:119px;">12084</td>
			<td>Butorphanol tartarate for post-operative analgesia</td>
		</tr>
		<tr height="63">
			<td height="63" style="height:63px;width:216px;">Small intestinal submucosa (SIS)</td>
			<td style="width:71px;">Cook Biotech, Inc.</td>
			<td style="width:119px;"></td>
			<td>Implant material for bridging experimental abdominal wall defect</td>
		</tr>
		<tr height="42">
			<td height="42" style="height:42px;width:216px;">Rats</td>
			<td style="width:71px;">Harlan, Inc.</td>
			<td style="width:119px;">Sprague Dawley</td>
			<td>Animal for hernia modeling</td>
		</tr>
	</tbody>
</table>

use of a rat model to study ventral abdominal hernia repair

腹腹疝是一个相对常见的临床情况, 有时需要疝 (手术修复)。腹腹疝的修复通常需要植入一种材料, 作为横跨腹壁缺损的机械桥。生物材料, 如猪小肠黏膜下层 (SIS), 也充当细胞生长到植入体的晶格, 并能自然地融入宿主组织。这种修复材料的开发得益于动物模型的使用, 其中实验性的腹壁缺损很容易被创造出来, 并且可以以可重现的方式修复。本文所提供的方法描述了大鼠腹腹疝的手术制作和修复。当 SIS 用于修复实验性腹腹疝时, 该模型在植入后28天内迅速纳入宿主组织。组织学上, 其植入的材料纳入宿主组织的特点是一个强大的纤维反应。未来的改良和应用大鼠腹疝模型可能会涉及糖尿病和/或肥胖动物, 作为一种手段, 更密切模仿人类的共同疾病。

在植入后28天, SIS 通常会将良好的合并到宿主组织中 (图 2)。在大多数情况下, 有残余的 SIS 明显, 虽然必须经常探索组织, 以确定植入的材料。组织学分析证实了大体的病理观察, 说明良好的组织合并主要纤维组织和很少残留 SIS (图 3)。这些结果证明了大鼠腹腹疝模型的实用性。大鼠易于获得和维持, 一般在手术后迅速恢复。在植入的生物材料中的?...

Watch this Scientific Journal Video about Use of a Rat Model to Study Ventral Abdominal Hernia Repair at JoVE.com

Use of a Rat Model to Study Ventral Abdominal Hernia Repair

这篇手稿描述了与腹壁缺损 (疝气) 的创建和修复相关的方法。这种模型可以用来研究修复策略, 如那些使用植入材料。本论文以猪小肠黏膜下层为例, 对实验性疝修补术进行了探讨。

大鼠模型在腹腹疝修补术中的应用研究

Ventral abdominal hernia is a relatively common clinical condition that sometimes requires herniorraphy (surgical repair). The repair of ventral abdominal ...

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