Name: safety precautions and operating procedures in an (a)bsl-4 laboratory: 4. medical imaging procedures
Uploaded: 2016-10-03T11:30:00
Description: Watch this Scientific Journal Video about Safety Precautions and Operating Procedures in an ABSL-4 Laboratory: 4. Medical Imaging Procedures at JoVE.com

The content of this publication does not necessarily reflect the views or policies of the US Department of Health and Human Services (DHHS) or of the institutions and companies affiliated with the authors. This work was funded in part through Battelle Memorial Institute's prime contract with the US National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases (NIAID) under Contract No. HHSN272200700016I. M.R.H., K.J., D.P., L.B., and J.W. performed this work as employees of Battelle Memorial Institute. Subcontractors to Battelle Memorial Institute who performed this work are: R.B., an employee of Charles River Laboratories - Insourcing Solutions; L.K. and M.R.L., employees of MEDRelief Staffing Inc.; M.G.L. as an employee of Lovelace Respiratory Research Institute, Inc.; and J.H.K. as an employee of Tunnell Government Services, Inc.

Questo protocollo aderisce alle seguenti linee guida per la cura degli animali. Gli animali sono stati alloggiati in una struttura accreditata dall&#39;Associazione per la valutazione e l&#39;accreditamento degli animali da laboratorio Care International. Tutte le procedure sperimentali sono state approvate dal National Institute of Allergy e Malattie infettive, Divisione di Ricerca Clinica, cura degli animali e del Comitato Usa ed erano in conformità con le normative Animal Welfare Act, la politica Public Health Servi...

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	<li>Jahrling, P. B., et al. <a target="_blank" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?db=PubMed&cmd=Search&doptcmdl=Citation&defaultField=Title+Word&term=The+NIAID+Integrated+Research+Facility+at+Frederick,+Maryland:+a+unique+international+resource+to+facilitate+medical+countermeasure+development+for+BSL-4+pathogens.">The NIAID Integrated Research Facility at Frederick, Maryland: a unique international resource to facilitate medical countermeasure development for BSL-4 pathogens.</a> Pathog Dis. , (2014).</li><li>de Kok-Mercado, F., Kutlak, F. M., Jahrling, P. B. <a target="_blank" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?db=PubMed&cmd=Search&doptcmdl=Citation&defaultField=Title+Word&term=The+NIAID+Integrated+Research+Facility+at+Fort+Detrick.">The NIAID Integrated Research Facility at Fort Detrick.</a> Appl Biosafety. 16, 58-66 (2011).</li><li>Keith, L., Moyer, B. R., Cheruvu, N. P. S., Hu, T., et al. <a target="_blank" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?db=PubMed&cmd=Search&doptcmdl=Citation&defaultField=Title+Word&term=.">.</a> Preclinical imaging in BSL-3 and BSL-4 envrionments: imaging pathophysiology of highly pathogenic infectious diseases. , (2014).</li><li>Chosewood, L. C., Wilson, D. E. <a target="_blank" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?db=PubMed&cmd=Search&doptcmdl=Citation&defaultField=Title+Word&term=.">.</a> Biosafety in microbiological and biomedical laboratories. , (2009).</li><li>Janosko, K., et al. <a target="_blank" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?db=PubMed&cmd=Search&doptcmdl=Citation&defaultField=Title+Word&term=Safety+precautions+and+operating+procedures+in+an+(A)BSL-4+laboratory:+1.+Laboratory+suite+entry+and+exit+procedures.">Safety precautions and operating procedures in an (A)BSL-4 laboratory: 1. Laboratory suite entry and exit procedures.</a> J Vis Exp. , (2016).</li><li>Diagnostic Radiology Committee Task Force on CT Scanner Phantoms. <a target="_blank" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?db=PubMed&cmd=Search&doptcmdl=Citation&defaultField=Title+Word&term=.">.</a> Phantoms for evaluation and quality assurance of CT scanners. , (1977).</li><li>Collins, B. <a target="_blank" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?db=PubMed&cmd=Search&doptcmdl=Citation&defaultField=Title+Word&term=ACUP+712.01+Waste+anesthetic+gas+scavenging+systems.">ACUP 712.01 Waste anesthetic gas scavenging systems.</a> Institutional Animal Care and Use Committee. , (2013).</li><li>Gargiulo, S., et al. <a target="_blank" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?db=PubMed&cmd=Search&doptcmdl=Citation&defaultField=Title+Word&term=Mice+anesthesia,+analgesia,+and+care,+Part+I:+anesthetic+considerations+in+preclinical+research.">Mice anesthesia, analgesia, and care, Part I: anesthetic considerations in preclinical research.</a> ILAR J. 53, E55-E69 (2012).</li><li>Office of the Press Secretary. <a target="_blank" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?db=PubMed&cmd=Search&doptcmdl=Citation&defaultField=Title+Word&term=.">.</a> Executive order 13546. Optimizing the security of Biological Select Agents and Toxins in the United States. The White House. , (2010).</li><li>Escaffre, O., Borisevich, V., Rockx, B. <a target="_blank" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?db=PubMed&cmd=Search&doptcmdl=Citation&defaultField=Title+Word&term=Pathogenesis+of+Hendra+and+Nipah+virus+infection+in+humans.">Pathogenesis of Hendra and Nipah virus infection in humans.</a> J Infect Dev Ctries. 7, 308-311 (2013).</li><li>Sueblinvong, V., et al. <a target="_blank" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?db=PubMed&cmd=Search&doptcmdl=Citation&defaultField=Title+Word&term=Critical+care+for+multiple+organ+failure+secondary+to+Ebola+virus+disease+in+the+United+States.">Critical care for multiple organ failure secondary to Ebola virus disease in the United States.</a> Crit Care Med. , (2015).</li><li>Mazur, S., et al. <a target="_blank" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?db=PubMed&cmd=Search&doptcmdl=Citation&defaultField=Title+Word&term=Safety+precautions+and+operating+procedures+in+an+(A)BSL-4+laboratory:+2.+General+practices.">Safety precautions and operating procedures in an (A)BSL-4 laboratory: 2. General practices.</a> J Vis Exp. , (2016).</li><li>Bohannon, J. K., et al. <a target="_blank" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?db=PubMed&cmd=Search&doptcmdl=Citation&defaultField=Title+Word&term=Safety+precautions+and+operating+procedures+in+an+(A)BSL-4+laboratory:+3.+Aerobiology.">Safety precautions and operating procedures in an (A)BSL-4 laboratory: 3. Aerobiology.</a> J Vis Exp. , (2016).</li></ol>

Precedenti articoli di questa serie hanno sottolineato l&#39;una formazione completa, l&#39;attenzione al dettaglio, le procedure di sicurezza e controlli tecnici aggiuntivi necessari per lavorare in sicurezza in un laboratorio di 12,13 massimo contenimento. Esecuzione di lavori in sicurezza è la massima priorità in questi laboratori. Questa filosofia è ancora più importante quando si lavora con gli animali vivi a causa di rischi aggiuntivi, come il potenziale di animali infetti per infliggere morsi o gra...

La missione del National Institute of Allergy e Malattie infettive (NIAID) La ricerca di Integrated Facility a Fort Detrick a Frederick MD (IRF-Frederick) è quello di eseguire emerge la ricerca sulle malattie infettive per comprendere i processi di malattia clinici che correlano con la gravità della microbica indotta malattia. L&#39;IRF-Federico ha una capacità unica di eseguire l&#39;imaging medico in modelli animali di agenti patogeni ad alto conseguenza in un ABSL-4 di laboratorio 1. Le modalità di imaging disponibili agli investigatori comprendono: la tomografia computerizzata (TC), risonanza magnetica (MRI), tomografia ad emissione di positroni (PET), singolo fotone SPECT (tomografia computerizzata), ultrasuoni, raggi X e fluoroscopia. I ricercatori usano capacità di imaging disponibili per monitorare la progressione della malattia e valutare l&#39;efficacia degli interventi, come il trattamento farmacologico e la vaccinazione, in studi longitudinali. Le modalità di imaging a IRF-Federico erano specificamenteprogettato per mantenere i componenti di base delle apparecchiature di fuori di alto contenimento 2,3 e accessibili per la manutenzione e la riparazione. Questo design separa la suite di imaging in &quot;caldo&quot; (contenente patogeno) e &quot;lati freddi.&quot; Per realizzare questa separazione, tubi appositamente progettati sono stati costruiti per estendere spazio ad alta contenimento nei fori di ciascuna modalità di imaging (Figura 1). Oltre a fornire contenimento biologico, questi tubi proteggono l&#39;apparecchiatura di riproduzione dal gas e sostanze chimiche usate per decontaminare laboratorio high-contenimento. scienziati e tecnologi di imaging operano gli scanner dal &quot;lato freddo&quot;, mentre Medicina comparativa (CM) maniglia personale e monitorare gli animali sul &quot;lato caldo&quot;. Dal momento che il personale CM deve lavorare a stretto contatto con gli scienziati di imaging per coordinare questi esperimenti, questa separazione può portare a problemi di comunicazione. Dopo aver valutato le opzioni disponibili, il personale CM erano fuoridotato di auricolari Bluetooth che trasmettono onde radio ad altissima frequenza di breve lunghezza d&#39;onda di cellulari usati per chiamare il personale per immagini al di fuori di contenimento. Grazie al design della struttura, punti di accesso wireless dovevano essere installati in ciascuna delle camere per superare l&#39;interferenza del segnale causato dagli strati di cemento e acciaio tra il &quot;caldo&quot; e &quot;freddo&quot; lati. Così, la comunicazione tra il personale CM indossare abiti positivo-pressione rumorosi e del personale delle immagini al di fuori di alta contenimento è ora affidabile. Telecamere sono stati installati sul lato caldo delle camere di imaging per l&#39;imaging personale per vedere l&#39;attività sul &quot;lato caldo&quot;. Con le telecamere, il personale di imaging in grado di guidare i tecnici cm con posizionamento degli animali o alcun cambiamenti dell&#39;ultimo minuto al protocollo di imaging. Tutti i lavori in IRF-Federico ABSL-4 laboratorio tuta richiede personale per portare a pressione positiva incapsulare tute 4. Indossare questi abiti riduce la mobilità, e il pesante ritardox guanti in dotazione al completo e fino a tre ulteriori livelli di guanti compromette destrezza. Il risultato è che le procedure richiedono più tempo per completare e attività che richiedono abilità motoria fine sono molto più difficili. Mentre il livello di biosicurezza aumenta, la movimentazione degli animali e manipolazioni diventato più impegnativo e richiede tempo, in particolare con i piccoli animali. Procedure in un laboratorio ABSL-4 può richiedere fino a 2-3 volte più lungo di un laboratorio ABSL-2. Lo scopo di questo articolo è quello di dimostrare visivamente le sfide connesse con modelli di imaging animali in un ambiente ABSL-4 utilizzando CT procedura di scansione di un porcellino d&#39;India come un esempio.

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			<td height="21" style="height:21px;width:340px;">Micro-Chem Plus</td>
			<td style="width:237px;">National Chemical Laboratories</td>
			<td style="width:139px;">255</td>
			<td style="width:200px;"></td>
		</tr>
		<tr height="21">
			<td height="21" style="height:21px;">CT scanner</td>
			<td>Philips Healthcare</td>
			<td></td>
			<td></td>
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		<tr height="21">
			<td height="21" style="height:21px;">CT phantom</td>
			<td>Philips Healthcare</td>
			<td></td>
			<td></td>
		</tr>
		<tr height="21">
			<td height="21" style="height:21px;">Isovue-300 (CT contrast reagent)</td>
			<td>Bracco Diagnostics</td>
			<td>NDC 0270-1315-30</td>
			<td></td>
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		<tr height="21">
			<td height="21" style="height:21px;">Ventilated rack</td>
			<td>Lab Products</td>
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			<td height="21" style="height:21px;">Micro-isolator cage</td>
			<td>Lab Products</td>
			<td></td>
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			<td height="21" style="height:21px;">Biosafety cabinet</td>
			<td>Nuaire</td>
			<td></td>
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			<td height="21" style="height:21px;">Anesthesia machine</td>
			<td>SurgiVet</td>
			<td>WWV9000</td>
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			<td height="21" style="height:21px;">Anesthesia induction box</td>
			<td>VetEquip</td>
			<td></td>
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			<td height="21" style="height:21px;">Anesthesia mask</td>
			<td>Henry Schein</td>
			<td></td>
			<td></td>
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			<td height="21" style="height:21px;">Isoflurane</td>
			<td>Henry Schein</td>
			<td></td>
			<td></td>
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			<td height="21" style="height:21px;">Waste gas scavenging canister</td>
			<td>Fisher</td>
			<td>F/AIR</td>
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			<td height="21" style="height:21px;">Holding cushion</td>
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			<td height="21" style="height:21px;">Vital signs monitor</td>
			<td>Bionet</td>
			<td>BM3Vet</td>
			<td></td>
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			<td height="21" style="height:21px;">Mobile phone</td>
			<td>Spectralink</td>
			<td>8440</td>
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			<td height="21" style="height:21px;">Blue Tooth ear piece</td>
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			<td></td>
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			<td height="21" style="height:21px;">Wireless access points</td>
			<td></td>
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			<td height="21" style="height:21px;">Sperian positive-pressure suit</td>
			<td>Honeywell Safety Products</td>
			<td>BSL 4-2</td>
			<td></td>
		</tr>
		<tr height="21">
			<td height="21" style="height:21px;">Outer suit gloves (latex, Ansell Canners and Handlers)</td>
			<td>Fisher</td>
			<td style="width:139px;">19-019-601</td>
			<td></td>
		</tr>
		<tr height="21">
			<td height="21" style="height:21px;">Outer suit gloves (nitrile/rubber, MAPA)</td>
			<td>Fisher</td>
			<td>2MYU1</td>
			<td></td>
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		<tr height="21">
			<td height="21" style="height:21px;">Scrubs</td>
			<td>Cintas</td>
			<td>60975/60976</td>
			<td></td>
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		<tr height="21">
			<td height="21" style="height:21px;">Socks</td>
			<td>Cintas</td>
			<td>944</td>
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			<td height="21" style="height:21px;">Duct tape</td>
			<td>Pack-N-Tape</td>
			<td>51131069695</td>
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			<td height="21" style="height:21px;">Towels</td>
			<td>Cintas</td>
			<td>2720</td>
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			<td height="21" style="height:21px;">Zip lube</td>
			<td>Amazon</td>
			<td>B000GKBEJA</td>
			<td></td>
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safety precautions and operating procedures in an (a)bsl-4 laboratory: 4. medical imaging procedures

Medical imaging using animal models for human diseases has been utilized for decades; however, until recently, medical imaging of diseases induced by high-consequence pathogens has not been possible. In 2014, the National Institutes of Health, National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, Integrated Research Facility at Fort Detrick opened an Animal Biosafety Level 4 (ABSL-4) facility to assess the clinical course and pathology of infectious diseases in experimentally infected animals. Multiple imaging modalities including computed tomography (CT), magnetic resonance imaging, positron emission tomography, and single photon emission computed tomography are available to researchers for these evaluations. The focus of this article is to describe the workflow for safely obtaining a CT image of a live guinea pig in an ABSL-4 facility. These procedures include animal handling, anesthesia, and preparing and monitoring the animal until recovery from sedation. We will also discuss preparing the imaging equipment, performing quality checks, communication methods from "hot side" (containing pathogens) to "cold side," and moving the animal from the holding room to the imaging suite.

La stretta osservanza di tutte le procedure di sicurezza e le procedure operative standard per la manipolazione degli animali è essenziale per lavorare in sicurezza in un laboratorio ABSL-4. Trasferimento animali infetti all&#39;interno della scatola di induzione dall&#39;animale procedimento camera alla suite di imaging minimizza il rischio di contaminazione dei corridoi comuni. Seguendo le procedure richieste, non infezioni acquisite in laboratorio o la contaminazione incrociata dei s...

Watch this Scientific Journal Video about Safety Precautions and Operating Procedures in an ABSL-4 Laboratory: 4. Medical Imaging Procedures at JoVE.com

Safety Precautions and Operating Procedures in an ABSL-4 Laboratory: 4. Medical Imaging Procedures

Here, we present an overview of the preparation and animal handling procedures required to safely perform medical imaging in an animal biosafety level 4 laboratory. Computed tomography of a mock-infected guinea pig illustrates these procedures that may be used to evaluate the disease caused by a high consequence pathogen.

Misure di sicurezza e procedure operative in un (A) BSL-4 di laboratorio: 4. procedure di imaging medico

Medical imaging using animal models for human diseases has been utilized for decades; however, until recently, medical imaging of diseases induced by ...

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