Name: sex differences in mouse hippocampal astrocytes after in-vitro ischemia
Uploaded: 2016-10-25T12:30:00
Description: Watch this Scientific Journal Video about Sex Differences in Mouse Hippocampal Astrocytes after In-Vitro Ischemia at JoVE.com

Clinical and Translational Science Award program of NCATS UL1 TR0000427 and KL2 TR000428 (Cengiz P), UL1TR000427 to the UW ICTR from NIH/NCATS and funds from Waisman Center (Cengiz P), K08 NS088563-01A1 from NINDS (Cengiz P) and NIH P30 HD03352 (Waisman Center), NIH/NINDS 1K08NS078113 (Ferrazzano P). We would like to thank Albee Messing, PhD, for providing us the GFAP knockout mice.

注：此研究是按照指南的护理的美国国立卫生研究院的实验动物的建议，并进行使用。动物方案经威斯康星大学麦迪逊分校，机构动物护理和使用委员会的大学。即这里提出初级星形胶质细胞培养协议从由张ý19 等和Cengiz第20页等人提出的协议通过。有一些修改。 1.海马解剖和星形胶质细胞文化<ol><li>准备所有必需的试剂和材料，包括在冰上手术剪，光?...

<ol>
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为了研究生理和病理条件下，在属性的性别差异和功能星形胶质细胞，在细胞培养物中制备性控初级星形胶质细胞是利用一个重要工具。在本研究中，我们报道了高效和可再现的方法来培养新生性控海马星形胶质细胞的高度富集的同质群体（P0-P2）的C57BL / 6（野生型）或K19F（GFAP空）小鼠幼仔体外 。建立这种方法可以帮助研究者了解性控海马星形胶质细胞的生理和病理功能体外缺血?...

星形胶质细胞是中枢神经系统（CNS）最重要的关键球员之一。越来越多的证据表明，星形胶质细胞的作用是比提供支持神经元多。事实上，在生理条件下的星形胶质细胞的作用可以是非常复杂的，如引导显影轴突1的迁移，调节CNS血流2中，并保持突触组织液3的pH稳态，和参与血脑屏障4和突触传递5。在病理条件下，星形细胞损伤响应与被叫其中形态，数量，位置，地形（相对于从损伤的距离）的星形胶质细胞和功能可在异构方式6,7-改变反应性星形胶质细胞增生的过程。看到下面的星形胶质细胞增生新生儿缺氧缺血性脑病，也许有利于新生儿的发病率和死亡率<s达&gt; 8。 最近的临床和实验研究表明，大脑损伤的严重程度似乎是性别依赖性和，作为相对于男性新生儿对缺氧/缺血（HI）相关的脑损伤的影响更加敏感，导致更严重的神经成果女性具有可比性脑损伤9-11。虽然损伤的定位取决于胎龄和持续时间和损伤的严重程度，海马是足月HI后在CNS中最常见的影响区域中的一个，并增加海马星形胶质细胞增生被上调的确认胶质纤维酸性蛋白（GFAP）新生儿HI 7,10,12,13后3天。星形胶质细胞功能的性别差异被证明在这两个新生儿和成人啮齿动物脑缺血后14,15。另外，男性星形细胞易感性的体外缺血通过增加CEL所示升死亡相比，在文化16女性皮层星形胶质细胞。 性别差异在子宫内开始并持续直至死亡17。在过去十年中，包括在细胞培养和体内研究，在实验条件下男女的重要性一直医学和NIH研究所的重点寻求基础知识，在生理和病理条件17,18见过的性别差异。可靠的方法开发分离和维护绝育手术海马星形胶质细胞的人口有必要了解的新生儿HI的病理后果的性别差异的细胞学基础。本研究的目的是提供的技术准备，以评估以下氧气/葡萄糖剥夺（OGD）和复氧（再氧化），诱导GFAP免疫反应阳性星形胶质细胞的作用，从新生小鼠丰富的性别特异性海马星形胶质细胞培养HI在细胞培养环境。这种技术可以用来测试有关含氧量正常和缺血性的条件下在新生儿男性和女性海马星形胶质细胞的任何假设。

<table border="1" fo:keep-together.within-page="1" fo:keep-with-next.within-page="always">
	<tbody>
		<tr>
			<td colspan="4">Astrocyte culture media</td>
		</tr>
		<tr>
			<td>DMEM, high glucose</td>
			<td>cellgro</td>
			<td>10-013-CV</td>
			<td></td>
		</tr>
		<tr>
			<td>Horse serum</td>
			<td>Gibco</td>
			<td>26050-070</td>
			<td>Final Concentration: 10%</td>
		</tr>
		<tr>
			<td>Penicillin-Streptomycin</td>
			<td>Cellgro&#160;</td>
			<td>30-002-CI</td>
			<td>Final Concentration: 1%</td>
		</tr>
		<tr>
			<td rowspan="2">L-Leucine methyl ester hydrochloride</td>
			<td rowspan="2">Aldrich</td>
			<td rowspan="2">L1002-25G</td>
			<td rowspan="2">Final Concentration: 5 mM</td>
		</tr>
		<tr>
		</tr>
		<tr>
			<td colspan="4">Solution for brain tissue digestion</td>
		</tr>
		<tr>
			<td>HBSS</td>
			<td>Life Technologies</td>
			<td>14170-088</td>
			<td></td>
		</tr>
		<tr>
			<td>0.25% Trypsin</td>
			<td>cellgro</td>
			<td>25-050-CI</td>
			<td>Final Concentration: 0.25%</td>
		</tr>
		<tr>
			<td colspan="4">Other</td>
		</tr>
		<tr>
			<td>70% (vol/vol) ethanol</td>
			<td>Roth</td>
			<td>9065.2</td>
			<td></td>
		</tr>
		<tr>
			<td>Poly-D-Lysine 12mm round coverslips&#160;</td>
			<td>Corning</td>
			<td>354087</td>
			<td></td>
		</tr>
		<tr>
			<td>Water</td>
			<td>Sigma</td>
			<td>W3500</td>
			<td>cell culture grade</td>
		</tr>
		<tr>
			<td>PBS</td>
			<td>cellgro</td>
			<td>21-040-CV</td>
			<td>cell culture grade</td>
		</tr>
		<tr>
			<td>0.05% Trypsin-EDTA&#160;</td>
			<td>Life Technologies</td>
			<td>25300-062</td>
			<td></td>
		</tr>
		<tr>
			<td>70 &#956;m Sterile cell strainer&#160;</td>
			<td>Fisher scientific</td>
			<td>22363548</td>
			<td></td>
		</tr>
		<tr>
			<td>3.5 cm petri dish</td>
			<td>BD Falcon</td>
			<td>353001</td>
			<td></td>
		</tr>
		<tr>
			<td>15 ml Falcon tube</td>
			<td>BD Falcon</td>
			<td>352096</td>
			<td></td>
		</tr>
		<tr>
			<td>50 ml Falcon tube</td>
			<td>BD Falcon</td>
			<td>352070</td>
			<td></td>
		</tr>
		<tr>
			<td>Forceps, fine&#160;</td>
			<td>Dumont</td>
			<td>2-1032; 2-1033</td>
			<td># 3c; # 5</td>
		</tr>
		<tr>
			<td>Forceps, flat tip</td>
			<td>KLS Martin</td>
			<td>12-120-11</td>
			<td></td>
		</tr>
		<tr>
			<td>13 cm surgical scissors</td>
			<td>Aesculap</td>
			<td>BC-140-R</td>
			<td></td>
		</tr>
		<tr>
			<td>Confocal Microscope</td>
			<td>Nikon</td>
			<td>A1RSi&#160;</td>
			<td></td>
		</tr>
		<tr>
			<td>Centrifuge</td>
			<td>Eppendorf</td>
			<td>5805000.017</td>
			<td>Centrifuge5804R</td>
		</tr>
		<tr>
			<td>Orbital Shaker</td>
			<td>Thermo Scientific</td>
			<td>SHKE 4450-1CE</td>
			<td>MaxQ 4450&#160;</td>
		</tr>
		<tr>
			<td>Anti-IBA1</td>
			<td>Wako</td>
			<td>019-19741</td>
			<td>Rabbit monoclonal</td>
		</tr>
		<tr>
			<td>Anti-MAP2</td>
			<td>Sigma</td>
			<td>M2320</td>
			<td>Mouse monoclonal</td>
		</tr>
		<tr>
			<td>Anti-HIF1alpha</td>
			<td>abcam</td>
			<td>ab179483</td>
			<td>rabbit monoclonal</td>
		</tr>
		<tr>
			<td>Anti-S100B</td>
			<td>Sigma</td>
			<td>HPA015768</td>
			<td>Rabbit polyclonal</td>
		</tr>
		<tr>
			<td>Anti-GFAP (cocktail)</td>
			<td>Biolegend</td>
			<td>837602</td>
			<td></td>
		</tr>
		<tr>
			<td>VECTASTAIN Elite ABC Kit (Rabbit IgG)</td>
			<td>Vector Labs</td>
			<td>PK-6101</td>
			<td>Contains 4 Reagents&#160;</td>
		</tr>
		<tr>
			<td>Goat Anti Rabbit Alexa-Fluor 488</td>
			<td>Invitrogen</td>
			<td>A11070</td>
			<td></td>
		</tr>
		<tr>
			<td>Goat Anti Mouse Alexa-Fluor 568</td>
			<td>Invitrogen</td>
			<td>A11004</td>
			<td></td>
		</tr>
	</tbody>
</table>

sex differences in mouse hippocampal astrocytes after in-vitro ischemia

星形胶质细胞增生缺氧/缺血（HI）相关的脑损伤起着新生儿增加发病率和死亡率的作用。最近的临床研究表明，大脑损伤的严重程度似乎是性别依赖性的，并且该男性新生儿是HI有关的脑损伤的影响更加敏感，导致更严重的神经系统的结果相比，女性具有可比的脑损伤。可靠的方法来隔离和维护绝育手术海马星形胶质细胞的高度浓缩的人口的发展是至关重要的了解新生儿HI的病理后果的性别差异细胞基础。在这项研究中，我们描述了创建经受体外缺血，缺氧缺糖模型，随后复氧性具体海马星形细胞培养的方法。随后的反应性星形胶质被immunostai检查宁为胶质纤维酸性蛋白（GFAP）和S100B。这种方法提供了一个有用的工具来研究男性和女性的海马星形胶质细胞的新生之后HI的作用，分别。

理解的生理或病理生理条件下性控星形细胞机能的作用已经通过体外的条件下培养这些细胞被极大地阐明。执行性控培养的重要方面是确定鼠标小狗的性别其使用前。我们的基因通过PCR和通过视觉评价（ 图2）16所确定的小鼠的性别。采用PCR性别鉴定的方法与McClive和辛克莱修改获得通过，快速，简便和高重现性的方法23。 图2A</stron...

Watch this Scientific Journal Video about Sex Differences in Mouse Hippocampal Astrocytes after In-Vitro Ischemia at JoVE.com

Sex Differences in Mouse Hippocampal Astrocytes after In-Vitro Ischemia

星形胶质细胞是中枢神经系统（CNS）最重要的关键球员之一。在这里，我们报告，以研究男性和女性新生儿幼崽的星形胶质细胞功能的体外缺血后背后的机制性控海马星形胶质细胞培养协议的实用方法。

性别差异在小鼠海马星形胶质细胞<em&gt;在体外</em&gt;缺血

Astrogliosis following hypoxia/ischemia (HI)-related brain injury plays a role in increased morbidity and mortality in neonates. Recent clinical studies ...

Research

JoVE Journal

Neuroscience

Sex Differences in Mouse Hippocampal Astrocytes after In-Vitro Ischemia

Fluorescence Recovery After Photobleaching (FRAP) of Fluorescence Tagged Proteins in Dendritic Spines of Cultured Hippocampal Neurons

Fluorescence Recovery After Photobleaching FRAP of Fluorescence Tagged Proteins in Dendritic Spines of Cultured Hippocampal Neurons

漂白后荧光标记蛋白的荧光恢复（FRAP）在培养海马神经元的树突棘

FRAP has been used to quantify the mobility of GFP-tagged proteins. Using a strong excitation laser, the fluorescence of a GFP-tagged protein is bleached ...

科研

神经科学

Dual Electrophysiological Recordings of Synaptically-evoked Astroglial and Neuronal Responses in Acute Hippocampal Slices

双突触诱发的星形胶质细胞和神经元的反应，在急性海马脑片电生理记录

Astrocytes form together with neurons tripartite synapses, where they integrate and modulate neuronal activity. Indeed, astrocytes sense neuronal inputs ...

Isolation and Culture of Mouse Cortical Astrocytes

小鼠脑皮层星形胶质细胞的分离和培养

Astrocytes  are an abundant cell type in the mammalian brain, yet much remains to be  learned about their molecular and functional characteristics. In ...

Modeling Astrocytoma Pathogenesis In Vitro and In Vivo Using Cortical Astrocytes or Neural Stem Cells from Conditional, Genetically Engineered Mice

Modeling Astrocytoma Pathogenesis In Vitro and In Vivo Using Cortical Astrocytes or Neural Stem Cells from Conditional, Genetically Engineered Mice

建模星形细胞瘤发病机制<em&gt;在体外</em&gt;和<em&gt;体内</em&gt;使用星形胶质细胞或条件，遗传工程小鼠神经干细胞

Current astrocytoma models are limited in their ability to define the roles of oncogenic mutations in specific brain cell types during disease ...

Immunohistochemical Visualization of Hippocampal Neuron Activity After Spatial Learning in a Mouse Model of Neurodevelopmental Disorders

海马神经元活动的可视化免疫组化空间后学习神经发育障碍的小鼠模型

Induction of phosphorylated extracellular-regulated kinase (pERK) is a reliable molecular readout of learning-dependent neuronal activation. Here, we ...

Protocol for Three-dimensional Confocal Morphometric Analysis of Astrocytes

协议星形胶质细胞的三维共聚焦形态分析

As glial cells in the brain, astrocytes have diverse functional roles in the central nervous system. In the presence of harmful stimuli, astrocytes modify ...

Tuning in the Hippocampal Theta Band In Vitro: Methodologies for Recording from the Isolated Rodent Septohippocampal Circuit

Tuning in the Hippocampal Theta Band In Vitro: Methodologies for Recording from the Isolated Rodent Septohippocampal Circuit

调整在海马Theta乐队<em&gt;体外</em&gt;：从孤立的啮齿动物皮下注射电路记录的方法

This protocol outlines the procedures for preparing and recording from the isolated whole hippocampus, of WT and transgenic mice, along with recent ...

In Utero Electroporation of Multiaddressable Genome-Integrating Color (MAGIC) Markers to Individualize Cortical Mouse Astrocytes

In Utero Electroporation of Multiaddressable Genome-Integrating Color MAGIC Markers to Individualize Cortical Mouse Astrocytes

在多地址基因组集成颜色 （MAGIC） 标记的 Utero 电冲中， 以个性化皮质小鼠星形细胞

Protoplasmic astrocytes (PrA) located in the mouse cerebral cortex are tightly juxtaposed, forming an apparently continuous three-dimensional matrix at ...

Neuronal Differentiation from Mouse Embryonic Stem Cells In vitro

小鼠胚胎干细胞体外神经元分化

The neural differentiation of mouse embryonic stem cells (mESCs) is a potential tool for elucidating the key mechanisms involved in neurogenesis and ...

Horizontal Hippocampal Slices of the Mouse Brain

鼠脑水平海马片

The hippocampus is a highly organized structure in the brain that is a part of the limbic system and is involved in memory formation and consolidation as ...