Name: gradient strain chip for stimulating cellular behaviors in cell-laden hydrogel
Uploaded: 2017-08-08T12:30:00
Description: Watch this Scientific Journal Video about Gradient Strain Chip for Stimulating Cellular Behaviors in Cell-laden Hydrogel at JoVE.com

Bu proje Lisansüstü Öğrenci Çalışma yurtdışında Program (NSC-101-2917-I-007-010 tarafından) destek verdi; Biyomedikal Mühendisliği programı (NSC-101-2221-E-007-032-MY3); ve nanoteknoloji Ulusal Program (NSC-101-2120-M-007-001-), R.O.C., Tayvan Ulusal Bilim Konseyi. Yazarlar Prof. Ali Khademhosseini, gülden Camci-Ünal, Arghya Paul ve Ronglih Liao, Harvard Tıp Okulu hidrojel ve hücre kapsülleme teknoloji paylaşımı için teşekkür etmek istiyorum.

1. GelMA Synthesis
<ol>
	<li>Weigh 10 g of gelatin powder and add it to a glass flask with 100 mL ofDulbecco&#39;s phosphate-buffered saline (DPBS). Put a magnetic stir bar into the flask and place the flask on a stirring hot plate.</li>
	<li>Cover the flask with aluminum foil to avoid water evaporation. Set the hot plate temperature to 50-60 &#176;C and the stirrer at 100 rpm for 1 h to dissolve the gelatin powder well.</li>
	<li>After the gelatin has dissolved, add 8 mL of methacrylic anhydride very slowly (one drop ...

<ol>
	<li>Simmons, C. S., Petzold, B. C., Pruitt, B. L. <a target="_blank" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?db=PubMed&cmd=Search&doptcmdl=Citation&defaultField=Title+Word&term=Microsystems+for+biomimetic+stimulation+of+cardiac+cells.">Microsystems for biomimetic stimulation of cardiac cells.</a> Lab Chip. 12 (18), 3235-3248 (2012).</li><li>Aubin, H., et al. <a target="_blank" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?db=PubMed&cmd=Search&doptcmdl=Citation&defaultField=Title+Word&term=Directed+3D+cell+alignment+and+elongation+in+microengineered+hydrogels.">Directed 3D cell alignment and elongation in microengineered hydrogels.</a> Biomaterials. 31 (27), 6941-6951 (2010).</li><li>Guan, J., et al. <a target="_blank" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?db=PubMed&cmd=Search&doptcmdl=Citation&defaultField=Title+Word&term=The+stimulation+of+the+cardiac+differentiation+of+mesenchymal+stem+cells+in+tissue+constructs+that+mimic+myocardium+structure+and+biomechanics.">The stimulation of the cardiac differentiation of mesenchymal stem cells in tissue constructs that mimic myocardium structure and biomechanics.</a> Biomaterials. 32 (24), 5568-5580 (2011).</li><li>Wan, C. 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S., Yang, L., Li, S. <a target="_blank" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?db=PubMed&cmd=Search&doptcmdl=Citation&defaultField=Title+Word&term=Anisotropic+effects+of+mechanical+strain+on+neural+crest+stem+cells.">Anisotropic effects of mechanical strain on neural crest stem cells.</a> Ann. Biomed. Eng. 40 (3), 598-605 (2012).</li><li>Butcher, J. T., Barrett, B. C., Nerem, R. M. <a target="_blank" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?db=PubMed&cmd=Search&doptcmdl=Citation&defaultField=Title+Word&term=Equibiaxial+strain+stimulates+fibroblastic+phenotype+shift+in+smooth+muscle+cells+in+an+engineered+tissue+model+of+the+aortic+wall.">Equibiaxial strain stimulates fibroblastic phenotype shift in smooth muscle cells in an engineered tissue model of the aortic wall.</a> Biomaterials. 27 (30), 5252-5258 (2006).</li><li>Ramon-Azcon, J., et al. <a target="_blank" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?db=PubMed&cmd=Search&doptcmdl=Citation&defaultField=Title+Word&term=Gelatin+methacrylate+as+a+promising+hydrogel+for+3D+microscale+organization+and+proliferation+of+dielectrophoretically+patterned+cells.">Gelatin methacrylate as a promising hydrogel for 3D microscale organization and proliferation of dielectrophoretically patterned cells.</a> Lab Chip. 12 (16), 2959-2969 (2012).</li><li>Park, S. H., Sim, W. Y., Min, B. H., Yang, S. S., Khademhosseini, A., Kaplan, D. L. <a target="_blank" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?db=PubMed&cmd=Search&doptcmdl=Citation&defaultField=Title+Word&term=Chip-Based+Comparison+of+the+Osteogenesis+of+Human+Bone+Marrow-+and+Adipose+Tissue-Derived+Mesenchymal+Stem+Cells+under+Mechanical+Stimulation.">Chip-Based Comparison of the Osteogenesis of Human Bone Marrow- and Adipose Tissue-Derived Mesenchymal Stem Cells under Mechanical Stimulation.</a> PLoS One. 7 (9), e46689 (2012).</li><li>Gould, R. A., et al. <a target="_blank" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?db=PubMed&cmd=Search&doptcmdl=Citation&defaultField=Title+Word&term=Cyclic+Strain+Anisotropy+Regulates+Valvular+Interstitial+Cell+Phenotype+and+Tissue+Remodeling+in+3D+Culture.">Cyclic Strain Anisotropy Regulates Valvular Interstitial Cell Phenotype and Tissue Remodeling in 3D Culture.</a> Acta Biomater. 8 (5), 1710-1719 (2012).</li><li>Kurpinski, K., Chu, J., Hashi, C., Li, S. <a target="_blank" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?db=PubMed&cmd=Search&doptcmdl=Citation&defaultField=Title+Word&term=Proc+Anisotropic+mechanosensing+by+mesenchymal+stemcells.">Proc Anisotropic mechanosensing by mesenchymal stemcells.</a> Natl Acad Sci USA. 103 (44), 16095-16100 (2006).</li><li>Sim, W. Y., Park, S. W., Park, S. H., Min, B. H., Park, S. R., Yang, S. S. <a target="_blank" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?db=PubMed&cmd=Search&doptcmdl=Citation&defaultField=Title+Word&term=A+pneumatic+micro+cell+chip+for+the+differentiation+of+human+mesenchymal+stem+cells+under+mechanical+stimulation.">A pneumatic micro cell chip for the differentiation of human mesenchymal stem cells under mechanical stimulation.</a> Lab Chip. 7 (12), 1775-1782 (2007).</li><li>Vader, D., Kabla, A., Weitz, D., Mahadevan, L. <a target="_blank" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?db=PubMed&cmd=Search&doptcmdl=Citation&defaultField=Title+Word&term=Strain-Induced+Alignment+in+Collagen+Gels.">Strain-Induced Alignment in Collagen Gels.</a> PLoS One. 4 (6), e5902 (2009).</li><li>Aguado, B. A., Mulyasasmita, W., Su, J., Lampe, K. J., Heilshorn, S. C. <a target="_blank" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?db=PubMed&cmd=Search&doptcmdl=Citation&defaultField=Title+Word&term=Improving+viability+of+stem+cells+during+syringe+needle+flow+through+the+design+of+hydrogel+cell+carriers.">Improving viability of stem cells during syringe needle flow through the design of hydrogel cell carriers.</a> Tissue Eng Part A. 18 (7-8), 806-815 (2012).</li><li>Wan, J. <a target="_blank" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?db=PubMed&cmd=Search&doptcmdl=Citation&defaultField=Title+Word&term=Microfluidic-Based+Synthesis+of+Hydrogel+Particles+for+Cell+Microencapsulation+and+Cell-Based+Drug+Delivery.">Microfluidic-Based Synthesis of Hydrogel Particles for Cell Microencapsulation and Cell-Based Drug Delivery.</a> Polymers. 4 (2), 1084-1108 (2012).</li><li>Moraes, C., Wang, G., Sun, Y., Simmons, C. A. <a target="_blank" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?db=PubMed&cmd=Search&doptcmdl=Citation&defaultField=Title+Word&term=A+microfabricated+platform+for+high-throughput+unconfined+compression+of+micropatterned+biomaterial+arrays.">A microfabricated platform for high-throughput unconfined compression of micropatterned biomaterial arrays.</a> Biomaterials. 31 (3), 577-584 (2010).</li><li>Keung, A. J., Kumar, S., Schaffer, D. V. <a target="_blank" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?db=PubMed&cmd=Search&doptcmdl=Citation&defaultField=Title+Word&term=Presentation+Counts:+Microenvironmental+Regulation+of+Stem+Cells+by+Biophysical+and+Material.+Cues.">Presentation Counts: Microenvironmental Regulation of Stem Cells by Biophysical and Material. Cues.</a> Annu Rev Cell Dev Biol. 26, 533-556 (2010).</li><li>Segers, V. F., Lee, R. T. <a target="_blank" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?db=PubMed&cmd=Search&doptcmdl=Citation&defaultField=Title+Word&term=Stem-cell+therapy+for+cardiac+disease.">Stem-cell therapy for cardiac disease.</a> Nature. 451 (7181), 937-942 (2008).</li><li>Hsieh, H. Y., et al. <a target="_blank" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?db=PubMed&cmd=Search&doptcmdl=Citation&defaultField=Title+Word&term=Gradient+static-strain+stimulation+in+a+microfluidic+chip+for+3D+cellular+alignment.">Gradient static-strain stimulation in a microfluidic chip for 3D cellular alignment.</a> Lab Chip. 14 (3), 482-493 (2014).</li></ol>

Bu yazıda, hücre hizalama davranışını hidrojel şekil rehberlik ve gerilme streç sonra karşılaştırmak için basit bir yaklaşım üzerinde rapor. Esnek PDMS membran konsantrik dairesel hydrogels farklı yükseklikte üretmek için bir kubbe seklinde eğrilik oluşturur. Basınç bırakmadan sonra PDMS membran degrade zorlanma/uzama, en merkezi ve en azından dış sınır oluşturmak için mikro-desenli hydrogels için kuvvet otomatik olarak uygular. Degrade zorlanma oluşumu esnek PDMS membran ve sıvı çip ...

Yerel bir microenvironment taklit eden bir blok malzeme olarak hizmet veren, hücre dışı Matriks (ECM) içeren bir hidrojel yeniden hücre büyümesini desteklemek için biomimetic doku iskele inşa edebilirsiniz. Bir doku fonksiyonları sahip olmak, organize hücre hizalama temel bir gereksinimdir. Çeşitli (Yani, bir yüzeye kültürlü hücreleri) 2D ve 3D (Yani, bir hidrojel kapsüllenmiş hücreleri) kültür veya hücreleri veya mikro esnek yüzeyler üzerinde Kapsüllenen tarafından elde hücre hizalamaları-ya da nano kalıpları1. Microenvironment yerel doku yapısı2,3,4' e daha yakın olduğu gibi 3D hücre hizalama mikro mimarisi içinde daha çekicidir. 3D hücre hizalama için bir ortak yaklaşım hidrojel şekil2,3geometrik işaretimiz. Nedeniyle kısıtlı alan kısa eksenli yönde hücre çoğalması için hücreleri mikro desenli hidrojel uzun ekseni yönünde boyunca Hizala hedefliyoruz. Çekme dayanımı streç hücre hizalama streç yön4,5' e paralel elde etmek için hydrogels uygulamak için başka bir yaklaşımdır.
Biyofiziksel stimülasyon basınç zorlanma gibi ECM hydrogels üzerinde veya bir elektrik alanı, hücre fonksiyonları için uygun doku Tümleştirme, yayılması ve farklılaşma1,2,3düzenleyen. Hücresel davranış birden çok mekanik denetim birimleri4,6,7,8,9kullanarak bir defada bir yük durumu uygulayarak araştırmak için çok araştırma yapılmıştır. Örneğin, mekanik adım motorlar kullanımı sıkılmış veya 3D cep kapsüllenmiş kollajen hidrojel üzerinde gerilmiş ortak bir yaklaşım7,10oldu. Ancak, bu tür kontrol araçlar ilave alanı gerektirir ve kirlenme kuluçka makinesi7,9,11,12sorunu karşı karşıya. Buna ek olarak, büyük araç yüksek tekrarlanabilirlik13sağlamak için bir hassas kontrol ortamı veremem.
Hücre yüklü hydrogels genellikle Biyomedikal uygulamalar için mikro ölçekte istihdam edilmektedir göz önüne alındığında, MEMS teknikleri zorlanma/streç stimülasyon aynı anda 3D biomimetic yapıları vitro2,14,15,16,17,18cep davranışları araştırmak için bir dizi oluşturmak için birleştirmek için avantajlıdır. Örneğin, gaz basıncı PDMS membran mikrosıvısal fiş deforme kullanarak çeşitli suşları, hücre farklılaşması farklı soy9,16' sürüş için çıkmasına neden olabilir. Ancak, karmaşık çip üretim süreçlerinde bir temiz oda ve yazılım denetim Tümleştirme motor, pompa, vanalar ve sıkıştırılmış gazlar gibi pek çok teknik sorun vardır.
Bu çalışmada, biz kendi kendini idame ettiren bir degrade statik yük mikrosıvısal çip bir eş merkezli dairesel hidrojel desen ve esnek bir PDMS membran istihdam ederek elde etmek için basit bir yaklaşım göstermek. Varolan yaklaşımlar en aksine, bizim bu sarı odanın dışında sahte olduğu ve kuluçka sırasında dış mekanik aletler olmadan konsantrik hücre kapsüllü hydrogels üzerinde gradyan suşları kendini üreten sahip bir taşınabilir ve tek kullanımlık minyatür aygıt platformudur. Çekme dayanımı streç rehberlik ipuçları çeşitli degrade zorlanma yongası 3D ECM mimetic ortamlar içinde hücre hizalama 3 gün boyunca gözlem sırasında gösterdi ve 3T3 fibroblast hücre davranışları hidrojel şekil kombinasyonu tarafından etkiledi.

<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" width="1383">
	<tbody>
		<tr height="24">
			<td height="24" style="height:24px;width:337px;">1.5-mL black microcentrifuge tube</td>
			<td style="width:225px;">Argos Technologies&#160;</td>
			<td style="width:156px;">03-391-161</td>
			<td style="width:665px;">This one can be replaced with a neutral color of 1.5-mL tube covered with aluminun foil</td>
		</tr>
		<tr height="24">
			<td height="24" style="height:24px;width:337px;">10X DPBS</td>
			<td style="width:225px;">Sigma-Aldrich</td>
			<td style="width:156px;">56064C</td>
			<td style="width:665px;"></td>
		</tr>
		<tr height="24">
			<td height="24" style="height:24px;width:337px;">Alexa Fluor 488 phalloidin&#160;</td>
			<td style="width:225px;">Invitrogen</td>
			<td style="width:156px;">A12379&#160;</td>
			<td style="width:665px;"></td>
		</tr>
		<tr height="24">
			<td height="24" style="height:24px;width:337px;">BSA</td>
			<td style="width:225px;">Sigma</td>
			<td style="width:156px;">A1595</td>
			<td style="width:665px;"></td>
		</tr>
		<tr height="24">
			<td height="24" style="height:24px;width:337px;">Calcein</td>
			<td style="width:225px;">Molecular Probe</td>
			<td style="width:156px;">C1430</td>
			<td style="width:665px;">For labeling viable cells</td>
		</tr>
		<tr height="24">
			<td height="24" style="height:24px;width:337px;">CCD</td>
			<td style="width:225px;">PCO. Imaging</td>
			<td style="width:156px;">Pixelfly qe</td>
			<td style="width:665px;"></td>
		</tr>
		<tr height="24">
			<td height="24" style="height:24px;width:337px;">Cell membrane permeating solution</td>
			<td style="width:225px;">Sigma-Aldrich</td>
			<td style="width:156px;">X100</td>
			<td style="width:665px;">0.5% Triton X-100 for permeating cell membrane</td>
		</tr>
		<tr height="24">
			<td height="24" style="height:24px;width:337px;">DAPI</td>
			<td style="width:225px;">Sigma-Aldrich</td>
			<td style="width:156px;">D8417</td>
			<td style="width:665px;">Cell nucleus staining</td>
		</tr>
		<tr height="24">
			<td height="24" style="height:24px;width:337px;">Dialysis membrane</td>
			<td style="width:225px;">Sigma-Aldrich</td>
			<td style="width:156px;">D9527</td>
			<td style="width:665px;">Molecular weight cut-off = 14,000</td>
		</tr>
		<tr height="24">
			<td height="24" style="height:24px;width:337px;">DMEM</td>
			<td style="width:225px;">Gibco</td>
			<td style="width:156px;">11995-065</td>
			<td style="width:665px;"></td>
		</tr>
		<tr height="24">
			<td height="24" style="height:24px;width:337px;">Double-side tape</td>
			<td style="width:225px;">3M</td>
			<td style="width:156px;">8003</td>
			<td style="width:665px;"></td>
		</tr>
		<tr height="24">
			<td height="24" style="height:24px;width:337px;">FBS</td>
			<td style="width:225px;">Hyclone</td>
			<td style="width:156px;">SH30071.03</td>
			<td style="width:665px;"></td>
		</tr>
		<tr height="24">
			<td height="24" style="height:24px;width:337px;">Gelatin</td>
			<td style="width:225px;">Sigma-Aldrich</td>
			<td style="width:156px;">G2500</td>
			<td style="width:665px;">gel strength 300, type A, from porcine skin</td>
		</tr>
		<tr height="24">
			<td height="24" style="height:24px;width:337px;">High frequency electronic corona generator</td>
			<td style="width:225px;">Electro-technic products</td>
			<td style="width:156px;">MODEL BD-20</td>
			<td style="width:665px;"></td>
		</tr>
		<tr height="24">
			<td height="24" style="height:24px;width:337px;">Methacrylic Anhydride</td>
			<td style="width:225px;">Sigma-Aldrich</td>
			<td style="width:156px;">276685</td>
			<td style="width:665px;"></td>
		</tr>
		<tr height="24">
			<td height="24" style="height:24px;width:337px;">Micro syringe</td>
			<td style="width:225px;">Hamilton</td>
			<td style="width:156px;">80501</td>
			<td style="width:665px;">50 &#956;L&#160;</td>
		</tr>
		<tr height="24">
			<td height="24" style="height:24px;width:337px;">Microscope</td>
			<td style="width:225px;">Olympus</td>
			<td style="width:156px;">IX71</td>
			<td style="width:665px;">Include two filter sets: LF405/LP-B-000 and LF488/LP-C-000 from Semrock</td>
		</tr>
		<tr height="24">
			<td height="24" style="height:24px;width:337px;">Oxygen plasma machine</td>
			<td style="width:225px;">Harrick plasma</td>
			<td style="width:156px;">PDC-001</td>
			<td style="width:665px;"></td>
		</tr>
		<tr height="24">
			<td height="24" style="height:24px;width:337px;">Paraformaldehyde</td>
			<td style="width:225px;">Sigma-Aldrich</td>
			<td style="width:156px;">P6148</td>
			<td style="width:665px;">For fixing cell</td>
		</tr>
		<tr height="24">
			<td height="24" style="height:24px;width:337px;">PDMS</td>
			<td style="width:225px;">DOW CORNING</td>
			<td style="width:156px;">Sylgard 184</td>
			<td style="width:665px;">Mixture for PDMS chip cast-molding fabrication</td>
		</tr>
		<tr height="24">
			<td height="24" style="height:24px;width:337px;">Pen-Strep</td>
			<td style="width:225px;">Gibco</td>
			<td style="width:156px;">10378-016</td>
			<td style="width:665px;">penicillin/streptomycin</td>
		</tr>
		<tr height="24">
			<td height="24" style="height:24px;width:337px;">Photoinitiator</td>
			<td style="width:225px;">CIBA</td>
			<td style="width:156px;">Irgacure 2959</td>
			<td style="width:665px;"></td>
		</tr>
		<tr height="24">
			<td height="24" style="height:24px;width:337px;">Propidium iodide</td>
			<td style="width:225px;">Sigma-Aldrich</td>
			<td style="width:156px;">P4170</td>
			<td style="width:665px;">For labeling dead cells</td>
		</tr>
		<tr height="24">
			<td height="24" style="height:24px;width:337px;">Sterile Filtration cup</td>
			<td style="width:225px;">Millipore</td>
			<td style="width:156px;">SCGPT05RE</td>
			<td style="width:665px;"></td>
		</tr>
		<tr height="24">
			<td height="24" style="height:24px;width:337px;">TMSPMA</td>
			<td style="width:225px;">Sigma-Aldrich</td>
			<td style="width:156px;">440159</td>
			<td style="width:665px;">For hydrogel immobilization</td>
		</tr>
		<tr height="24">
			<td height="24" style="height:24px;width:337px;">Ultrasonicator</td>
			<td style="width:225px;">Delta</td>
			<td style="width:156px;">D150H</td>
			<td style="width:665px;">150W, 43kHz</td>
		</tr>
		<tr height="24">
			<td height="24" style="height:24px;width:337px;">UV light</td>
			<td style="width:225px;">DAIHAN</td>
			<td style="width:156px;">WUV-L10</td>
			<td style="width:665px;"></td>
		</tr>
		<tr height="24">
			<td height="24" style="height:24px;width:337px;">Freeze Dryer</td>
			<td style="width:225px;">FIRSTEK</td>
			<td style="width:156px;">150311025</td>
			<td style="width:665px;"></td>
		</tr>
		<tr height="24">
			<td height="24" style="height:24px;width:337px;">NIH3T3(fibroblast)</td>
			<td style="width:225px;">Food Industry Research and Development Institute(FIRDI)</td>
			<td style="width:156px;">08C0011</td>
			<td style="width:665px;"></td>
		</tr>
		<tr height="24">
			<td height="24" style="height:24px;width:337px;">MOXI Z Mini Automated Cell Counter</td>
			<td style="width:225px;">ORFLO</td>
			<td style="width:156px;">MXZ001</td>
			<td style="width:665px;"></td>
		</tr>
	</tbody>
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gradient strain chip for stimulating cellular behaviors in cell-laden hydrogel

Artificial guidance for cellular alignment is a hot topic in the field of tissue engineering. Most of the previous research has investigated single strain-induced cellular alignment on a cell-laden hydrogel by using complex experimental processes and mass controlling systems, which are usually associated with contamination issues. Thus, in this article, we propose a simple approach to building a gradient static strain using a fluidic chip with a plastic PDMS cover and a UV transparent glass substrate for the stimulation of cellular behavior in a 3D hydrogel. Overloading photo-patternable cell prepolymer in the fluidic chamber can generate a convex curved PDMS membrane on the cover. After UV crosslinking, through a concentric circular micropattern under the curved PDMS membrane, and buffer washing, a microenvironment for investigating cell behaviors under a variety of gradient strains is self-established in a single fluidic chip, without external instruments. NIH3T3 cells were demonstrated after observing the change in the cellular alignment trend under geometry guidance, in cooperation with strain stimulation, which varied from 15 - 65% on hydrogels. After a 3-day incubation, the hydrogel geometry dominated the cell alignment under low compressive strain, where cells aligned along the hydrogel elongation direction under high compressive strain. Between these, the cells showed random alignment due to the dissipation of the radical guidance of hydrogel elongation and the geometry guidance of the patterned hydrogel.

Mekanik varyasyonları arasında tamamlanan degrade zorlanma stimülasyon yongası dairesel her hidrojel karşılaştırmak için iki enjeksiyon miktarlar 0 µL (şekil 4a) ve 40 µL (şekil 4b) ile aynı fiş dairesel her hidrojel çizgi genişlikleri sırasıyla şiddetindeydi. Her daire, yüzde elongations karşılık gelen hydrogels 0 µL enjekte yongası (şekil 4 c) çizgi genişlikleri 40 µL ...

Watch this Scientific Journal Video about Gradient Strain Chip for Stimulating Cellular Behaviors in Cell-laden Hydrogel at JoVE.com

Gradient Strain Chip for Stimulating Cellular Behaviors in Cell-laden Hydrogel

Bu makalede sürekli sigara degrade statik suşlar doku mühendisliği için hücre hizalama düzenleyen konsantrik bir hücre yüklü hidrojel Tarih sağlamak için basit bir yaklaşım sunar.

Hücre yüklü hidrojel uyarıcı hücresel davranışları için degrade zorlanma çip

Artificial guidance for cellular alignment is a hot topic in the field of tissue engineering. Most of the previous research has investigated single ...

Research

JoVE Journal

Bioengineering

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