Name: surgical placement of catheters for long-term cardiovascular exercise testing in swine
Uploaded: 2016-02-09T15:00:00
Description: Watch this Scientific Journal Video about Surgical Placement of Catheters for Long-term Cardiovascular Exercise Testing in Swine at JoVE.com

这项研究是由荷兰心脏基金会资助2000T038（以DJ Duncker）授予2000T042（到D Merkus）的支持，欧盟FP7 - 健康 - 2010批MEDIA-261409（以DJ Duncker和D Merkus），荷兰心血管研究倡议：荷兰心脏基金会，荷兰联邦大学医疗中心，荷兰组织健康研究与发展的科学荷兰皇家科学院&#160; CVON- ARENA CVON 2011-11（DJ到Duncker），CVON-PHAEDRA CVON2012-08（到D Merkus）和CVON重新连接CVON 2014-11（以DJ Duncker和D Merkus），索菲亚基金会（以德D.韦氏-Meijler，D Merkus和IKM赖斯）。

涉及动物主题手续已经批准的动物护理委员会在Erasmus医学中心鹿特丹（荷兰）。猪6和80 kg的重量都使用该协议被成功检测。 1.动物人工处理的适应<ol><li>在设施到任后，房子的孤独的动物，但使他们能够互相交流。 </li><li> Accustomize猪到人的处理和运输从动物设施的实验实验室，通过处理动物每天至少一次为一个星期。 </li><li>通过行使他们在跑步机上进行手术前至少三次适当训练动物锻炼?...

<ol>
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本研究描述了一种用于猪的慢性仪器的手术以及用于锻炼仪表猪上的马达驱动的跑步机，同时测量血流动力学和采取血液样本的动脉，混合静脉和冠状静脉血氧含量测定的协议。 该议定书中的关键步骤 有迹象表明，在插管过程中，已经开始在协议中的几个关键步骤。硫喷妥钠（2.1.5）是一种呼吸道抑郁剂，因此需要在管理迅速插管。另外，在手术过程中仔细监测呼吸机设...

足够心肺功能是必不可少的氧气和营养供给人体，尤其是在诸如运动1在代谢需求增加的条件。锻炼心肺响应的特征在于由若干在心脏功能 ，即适应的，在心脏速率，收缩力和行程体积，和微血管功能 ，即，血管舒张的血管床供给锻炼肌肉增加以及在肺脉管，和血管收缩在供给胃肠系统的血管床以及非活性肌肉1。受损的运动能力是心肺功能不全的早期标志，心肺运动试验作为一种有效的方法心功能不全，血管功能不全和/或肺功能不全的患者受损的运动能力2之间划定。早期心肺功能不全是difficult诊断，尤其是在动物模型中，如心肺功能通常侵入测量，需要麻醉，与许多麻醉剂具有cardiodepressive属性3。 慢性仪器允许在清醒状态心肺功能的测量，并且当动物充分调整到实验室条件测量可以安静休息的条件下没有麻醉和急性手术创伤的影响而获得。此外，当将动物适当训练的，也可以分级平板运动4,5-期间获得的测量结果。更具体地，左，右心室功能可以评估和与心肌灌注，而在冠状动脉，全身和肺部微循环血管舒缩音的调节可被确定。使用充满液体的导管允许的压力测量以及采血样不强加广告在动物ditional压力。研究慢性仪器动物的另一个优点是，心肺运动测试可以重复允许使用的动物作为其自身的控制，无论是在疾病的发展或慢性治疗期间，从而提高了统计功率，从而限制了一个研究所需的动物数量。 猪的心肺解剖学非常类似于人类的和有可能诱导各种形式的心肺疾病，如糖 ​​尿病6，心肌梗塞7，肺动脉高血压8,9和起搏诱导心脏衰竭10,11。此外，猪的尺寸允许慢性仪表，以及足够量的重复血液采样分析不仅血液气体，而且以执行神经体液测量和/或要搜索的疾病的生物标志物。 本协议描述用于慢性手术LY仪器猪以及行使上的马达驱动的跑步机的猪的协议。

<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" width="1053">
	<tbody>
		<tr height="21">
			<td height="21" style="height:21px;width:496px;">3-way stopcocks</td>
			<td style="width:212px;">B. Braun</td>
			<td align="right" style="width:179px;">16496</td>
			<td style="width:167px;"></td>
		</tr>
		<tr height="21">
			<td height="21" style="height:21px;">Perfusor lines PVC (DEHP-free) 150cm/2.6ml&#160;</td>
			<td>B. Braun</td>
			<td align="right" style="width:179px;">8722960</td>
			<td>Used for fluid filled catheters</td>
		</tr>
		<tr height="21">
			<td height="21" style="height:21px;">&#8220;python &#8220; silicontubing</td>
			<td>Rubber BV</td>
			<td>1757 ID 1mm, OD 2mm</td>
			<td>Used for fluid filled catheters</td>
		</tr>
		<tr height="21">
			<td height="21" style="height:21px;width:496px;">Sodium Chloride 0.9%</td>
			<td style="width:212px;">Baxter</td>
			<td style="width:179px;">TKF7124</td>
			<td></td>
		</tr>
		<tr height="21">
			<td height="21" style="height:21px;width:496px;">Glucose 10%</td>
			<td style="width:212px;">Baxter</td>
			<td style="width:179px;">WE0163</td>
			<td></td>
		</tr>
		<tr height="21">
			<td height="21" style="height:21px;width:496px;">Suction device</td>
			<td style="width:212px;"></td>
			<td style="width:179px;"></td>
			<td></td>
		</tr>
		<tr height="21">
			<td height="21" style="height:21px;">Slim-Line electrosurgical pencil with 2 buttons</td>
			<td>ERBE ELEKTROMEDIZIN GMBH</td>
			<td>20190-066</td>
			<td></td>
		</tr>
		<tr height="21">
			<td height="21" style="height:21px;">Servo Ventilator&#160;SV900C&#160;</td>
			<td style="width:212px;">Siemens-Elema AB&#160;</td>
			<td style="width:179px;"></td>
			<td></td>
		</tr>
		<tr height="21">
			<td height="21" style="height:21px;">Laryngoscoop</td>
			<td>Vererinary Technics Int.</td>
			<td>11.02.47</td>
			<td></td>
		</tr>
		<tr height="21">
			<td height="21" style="height:21px;width:496px;">Sterile surgical gloves</td>
			<td style="width:212px;"></td>
			<td style="width:179px;"></td>
			<td></td>
		</tr>
		<tr height="21">
			<td height="21" style="height:21px;width:496px;">tie-on surgical mask</td>
			<td style="width:212px;">3M</td>
			<td style="width:179px;">1818FS</td>
			<td></td>
		</tr>
		<tr height="21">
			<td height="21" style="height:21px;width:496px;">surgical hat</td>
			<td style="width:212px;">Klinidrape</td>
			<td align="right" style="width:179px;">621301</td>
			<td></td>
		</tr>
		<tr height="21">
			<td height="21" style="height:21px;width:496px;">Procedure pack</td>
			<td>Molnlycke Health Care</td>
			<td align="right" style="width:179px;">97027809</td>
			<td>Surgical drape, gauze pads, syringes, beaker etc</td>
		</tr>
		<tr height="21">
			<td height="21" style="height:21px;width:496px;">Droptears</td>
			<td style="width:212px;">Alcon</td>
			<td style="width:179px;">288-28282-01</td>
			<td></td>
		</tr>
		<tr height="21">
			<td height="21" style="height:21px;">Betadine scrub 75mg/ml Povidone-iodine</td>
			<td>Meda Pharma BV</td>
			<td>RVG08939</td>
			<td></td>
		</tr>
		<tr height="21">
			<td height="21" style="height:21px;">Betadine solution 100mg/ml Povidone-iodine</td>
			<td>Meda Pharma BV</td>
			<td>RVG01331</td>
			<td></td>
		</tr>
		<tr height="21">
			<td height="21" style="height:21px;width:496px;">Cuffed Endotracheal tube</td>
			<td style="width:212px;">Emdamed</td>
			<td style="width:179px;"></td>
			<td>size depends on animal size</td>
		</tr>
		<tr height="21">
			<td height="21" style="height:21px;width:496px;">Breathing filter Hyrdo therm 3HME</td>
			<td style="width:212px;">Intersurgical</td>
			<td align="right" style="width:179px;">1560000</td>
			<td></td>
		</tr>
		<tr height="21">
			<td height="21" style="height:21px;width:496px;">Laryngoscope Handle+ Miller blade size 4</td>
			<td style="width:212px;">Kawe Germany</td>
			<td style="width:179px;"></td>
			<td></td>
		</tr>
		<tr height="21">
			<td height="21" style="height:21px;width:496px;">Manual resuscitator- Combibag</td>
			<td style="width:212px;">Weinmann</td>
			<td>6515-12-313-5596</td>
			<td></td>
		</tr>
		<tr height="21">
			<td height="21" style="height:21px;width:496px;">Perivascular flow probe 3PS</td>
			<td style="width:212px;">Transonic</td>
			<td style="width:179px;"></td>
			<td>For coronary artery; Size 2.5-4 mm depending on animal size</td>
		</tr>
		<tr height="21">
			<td height="21" style="height:21px;width:496px;">Confidence flow probe</td>
			<td style="width:212px;">Transonic</td>
			<td style="width:179px;"></td>
			<td>For aorta/pulmonary artery, 16-20 mm; size depends on animal size</td>
		</tr>
		<tr height="21">
			<td height="21" style="height:21px;width:496px;">Venflon-Venisystem 20Gx 32 mm</td>
			<td style="width:212px;">BD</td>
			<td align="right" style="width:179px;">393224</td>
			<td>For coronary venous catheter</td>
		</tr>
		<tr height="21">
			<td height="21" style="height:21px;width:496px;">Blunt Needle 18G</td>
			<td style="width:212px;"></td>
			<td style="width:179px;"></td>
			<td>For coronary venous catheter</td>
		</tr>
		<tr height="21">
			<td height="21" style="height:21px;width:496px;">Tygon Tubing</td>
			<td style="width:212px;">Rubber BV</td>
			<td>2802 ID 0.8mm (1/32&#8217;&#8217;), OD 2.4mm (3/32&#8217;&#8217;)</td>
			<td>For coronary venous catheter</td>
		</tr>
		<tr height="21">
			<td height="21" style="height:21px;">Suction Handle 17 cm 6 6/8 &#34; Coupland 18/8 martinit with tube connector</td>
			<td>KLS Martin Group</td>
			<td>18-575-24</td>
			<td></td>
		</tr>
		<tr height="21">
			<td height="21" style="height:21px;width:496px;">Scalple blade&#160;</td>
			<td style="width:212px;"></td>
			<td style="width:179px;"></td>
			<td></td>
		</tr>
		<tr height="21">
			<td height="21" style="height:21px;">Scalpel Handle 13.5 cm 5 3/8 &#34; Stainless Steel solid</td>
			<td>KLS Martin Group</td>
			<td>10-100-04</td>
			<td></td>
		</tr>
		<tr height="21">
			<td height="21" style="height:21px;">Vascular Forceps 20.2 cm 8 &#34; De Bakey Stainless Stee</td>
			<td>KLS Martin Group</td>
			<td>24-388-20</td>
			<td>&#177; 14 cm</td>
		</tr>
		<tr height="21">
			<td height="21" style="height:21px;">Dressing Forceps 17 cm 6 6/8 &#34; Cushing Stainless Steel</td>
			<td>KLS Martin Group</td>
			<td>12-189-17</td>
			<td>&#177; 18 cm</td>
		</tr>
		<tr height="21">
			<td height="21" style="height:21px;">halsted-musquito straight 12.5cm - 5&#34;</td>
			<td>Rudolf Medical</td>
			<td>RU-3100-13</td>
			<td>&#177; 12 cm</td>
		</tr>
		<tr height="21">
			<td height="21" style="height:21px;">halsted-musquito curved 12.5cm - 5&#34;</td>
			<td>Rudolf Medical</td>
			<td>RU-3101-12</td>
			<td>&#177; 12 cm</td>
		</tr>
		<tr height="21">
			<td height="21" style="height:21px;">Dissecting and Ligature Forceps 13 cm 5 1/8 &#34; Gemini Stainless Steel</td>
			<td>KLS Martin Group</td>
			<td>13-451-13</td>
			<td>&#177; 12 cm</td>
		</tr>
		<tr height="21">
			<td height="21" style="height:21px;">Dissecting and Ligature Forceps 18.5 cm 7 2/8 &#34; Schnidt Stainless Steel</td>
			<td>KLS Martin Group</td>
			<td>13-363-18</td>
			<td></td>
		</tr>
		<tr height="21">
			<td height="21" style="height:21px;">Rib Retractor Finochietto, Baby Aluminium -</td>
			<td>KLS Martin Group</td>
			<td>24-162-01</td>
			<td></td>
		</tr>
		<tr height="21">
			<td height="21" style="height:21px;">suture forceps Mayo-Hegar 3mm 18cm - 7&#34;</td>
			<td>Rudolf Medical</td>
			<td>RU-6050-18</td>
			<td></td>
		</tr>
		<tr height="21">
			<td height="21" style="height:21px;">Metchenbaum blunt curved 14,5cm - 5(3/4)&#34;</td>
			<td>Rudolf Medical</td>
			<td>RU-1311-14M</td>
			<td></td>
		</tr>
		<tr height="21">
			<td height="21" style="height:21px;">Retrector farabeuf 12cm - 4 (3/4)&#34;</td>
			<td>Rudolf Medical</td>
			<td>RU-4497-12</td>
			<td></td>
		</tr>
		<tr height="21">
			<td height="21" style="height:21px;">Towel forceps schr&#228;del curved 9cm - 3,5&#34;</td>
			<td>Rudolf Medical</td>
			<td>RU-3550-09</td>
			<td></td>
		</tr>
		<tr height="21">
			<td height="21" style="height:21px;">surgical scissors blunt 13cm - 5&#34;</td>
			<td>Rudolf Medical</td>
			<td>RU-1001-13</td>
			<td></td>
		</tr>
		<tr height="21">
			<td height="21" style="height:21px;">Gauzes Cutisoft 10 x 10 cm 4-ply</td>
			<td>BSN Medical</td>
			<td>45846-00</td>
			<td></td>
		</tr>
		<tr height="22">
			<td height="22" style="height:22px;">Gauzes Cutisoft 5 x 5 cm 4-ply</td>
			<td>BSN Medical</td>
			<td>45844-00</td>
			<td></td>
		</tr>
		<tr height="22">
			<td height="22" style="height:22px;width:496px;">Flowmeter -CM2 / SF2 - 2gas (O2 and Air)</td>
			<td>UNO BV</td>
			<td align="right" style="width:179px;">180000008</td>
			<td></td>
		</tr>
		<tr height="21">
			<td height="21" style="height:21px;">Tec 7 Vaporizer</td>
			<td>Datex-Ohmeda</td>
			<td style="width:179px;"></td>
			<td></td>
		</tr>
		<tr height="21">
			<td height="21" style="height:21px;width:496px;">Acederm wound spay</td>
			<td style="width:212px;">Ecuphar NV</td>
			<td style="width:179px;"></td>
			<td></td>
		</tr>
		<tr height="21">
			<td height="21" style="height:21px;width:496px;">Vaseline Album</td>
			<td style="width:212px;">Bufa</td>
			<td align="right" style="width:179px;">165313</td>
			<td></td>
		</tr>
		<tr height="21">
			<td height="21" style="height:21px;width:496px;">silkam 3-0 Natural silk, non-absorbable</td>
			<td>B. Braun</td>
			<td>F 1134043</td>
			<td>sutures for placement of catheters</td>
		</tr>
		<tr height="21">
			<td height="21" style="height:21px;width:496px;">silkam 2-0 Natural silk, non-absorbable</td>
			<td>B. Braun</td>
			<td>F 1134051</td>
			<td>sutures for muscular approximation</td>
		</tr>
		<tr height="21">
			<td height="21" style="height:21px;width:496px;">dagrofil 3-0 Polyester, non-absorbable</td>
			<td>B. Braun</td>
			<td>C 0842478</td>
			<td>sutures for fluid fille catheters after tunneling</td>
		</tr>
		<tr height="21">
			<td height="21" style="height:21px;">Vicryl rapide 3-0, 1x45 cm FS2, V2930G</td>
			<td>Daxtrio medische producten</td>
			<td>15560</td>
			<td>sutures for electrical catheters after tunneling</td>
		</tr>
		<tr height="21">
			<td height="21" style="height:21px;width:496px;">Vitafil 6 USP</td>
			<td style="width:212px;">SMI</td>
			<td align="right" style="width:179px;">6080</td>
			<td>Ties</td>
		</tr>
		<tr height="21">
			<td height="21" style="height:21px;width:496px;">Syringes</td>
			<td style="width:212px;"></td>
			<td style="width:179px;"></td>
			<td>10 ml and 2.5 ml</td>
		</tr>
		<tr height="21">
			<td height="21" style="height:21px;width:496px;">Heparin LEO (heparin sodium)&#160;</td>
			<td>LEO Pharma A/S</td>
			<td style="width:179px;"></td>
			<td></td>
		</tr>
		<tr height="21">
			<td height="21" style="height:21px;width:496px;">Zoletil</td>
			<td style="width:212px;">Virbac</td>
			<td style="width:179px;"></td>
			<td>tiletamine / zolazepam</td>
		</tr>
		<tr height="21">
			<td height="21" style="height:21px;width:496px;">Sedazine</td>
			<td style="width:212px;">AST farma</td>
			<td align="right" style="width:179px;">108855</td>
			<td>xylazine</td>
		</tr>
		<tr height="21">
			<td height="21" style="height:21px;width:496px;">Temgesic</td>
			<td style="width:212px;">RB Pharmaceuticals</td>
			<td align="right" style="width:179px;">5429</td>
			<td>buprenorphine</td>
		</tr>
		<tr height="21">
			<td height="21" style="height:21px;width:496px;">Tensogrip</td>
			<td style="width:212px;">BSN Medical</td>
			<td style="width:179px;">71522-00</td>
			<td>elastic vest</td>
		</tr>
	</tbody>
</table>

surgical placement of catheters for long-term cardiovascular exercise testing in swine

这个协议描述了外科手术，长期仪器猪和行使的电动跑步机猪的过程。早期心肺功能障碍是难以诊断，尤其是在动物模型中，如心肺功能通常侵入测量，需要麻醉。由于许多麻醉剂是cardiodepressive，心血管功能的细微变化可以被屏蔽。与此相反，慢性仪器允许在清醒状态心肺功能的测量，以便测量可以安静休息条件下获得，无需麻醉和急性手术创伤的影响。此外，当动物被适当训练，也可以分级平板运动期间获得的测量结果。 流探头放在围绕主动脉或肺动脉为心输出量的测量和周围的左冠状动脉前降支为科伦的测量进制血流量。充满液体的导管被植入在主动脉，肺动脉，左心房，左心室和右心室的压力测量和血液取样。此外，一个20G的导管被定位在前室间静脉以允许冠状静脉采血。 恢复一周后，猪被放置在由马达驱动的跑步机，该导管被连接到压力和流量计，和猪经受五阶段逐步行使协议，每个阶段持续3分钟。血液动力学信号被连续记录和血样每次锻炼阶段的最后30秒期间拍摄。 研究慢性仪器动物的主要优点是，它允许心肺功能的串行评估，不仅在休息而且物理应力如锻炼期间。此外，心肺功能，可反复在疾病发展的评估第二慢性治疗期间，从而提高了统计功率，从而限制了一个研究所需的动物数量。

运动长达5公里/小时导致心输出量增加了一倍，从4.3±0.3到8.5±0.7升/分钟将其主要由从每分钟137±7 256±8次在心脏速率的增加组合与完成小的增加心搏量从32±2到36±3毫升（ 图3）。搏出量的增加通过增加左心室收缩容易，通过增加最大左室压的第一导数的证明DP /与左心室舒张的增加速率，并增加了左一起下降速率心房压，作为左心室的填充压力（图...

Watch this Scientific Journal Video about Surgical Placement of Catheters for Long-term Cardiovascular Exercise Testing in Swine at JoVE.com

Surgical Placement of Catheters for Long-term Cardiovascular Exercise Testing in Swine

Here we present a protocol to assess cardiopulmonary function in awake swine, at rest and during graded treadmill exercise. Chronic instrumentation allows for repeated hemodynamic measurements uninfluenced by cardiodepressive anesthetic agents.

导管手术放置了长期的心血管运动试验猪

This protocol describes the surgical procedure to chronically instrument swine and the procedure to exercise swine on a motor-driven treadmill. Early ...

Research

JoVE Journal

Medicine

Minimal Invasive Surgical Procedure of Inducing Myocardial Infarction in Mice

在诱导小鼠心肌梗死的微创手术过程

Myocardial infarction still remains the main cause of death in western countries, despite considerable progress in the stent development area in the last ...

科研

医学

Testing the Efficacy of Pharmacological Agents in a Pericardial Target Delivery Model in the Swine

药理试验药物的疗效在心包目标交付模型在猪

To date, many pharmacological agents used to treat or prevent arrhythmias in open-heart cases create undesired systemic side effects. For example, ...

Long-term Blood Pressure Measurement in Freely Moving Mice Using Telemetry

自由活动小鼠使用遥测长期血压测量

During the development of new vasoactive agents, arterial blood pressure monitoring is crucial for evaluating the efficacy of the new proposed drugs. ...

Tachycardia-Induced Cardiomyopathy As a Chronic Heart Failure Model in Swine

心动过速诱发的心肌病作为猪慢性心力衰竭模型的研究

A stable and reliable model of chronic heart failure is required for many experiments to understand hemodynamics or to test effects of new treatment ...

Harvest of Endothelial Cells from the Balloon Tips of Swan-Ganz Catheters after Right Heart Catheterization

右心导管插入术后天鹅管囊小贴中内皮细胞的提取

A variety of pathologies lead to pulmonary hypertension (PH), which is defined as a mean pulmonary artery pressure exceeding 25 mmHg at rest. To further ...

Lentiviral Vector-mediated Gene Therapy of Hepatocytes Ex Vivo for Autologous Transplantation in Swine

Lentiviral Vector-mediated Gene Therapy of Hepatocytes Ex Vivo for Autologous Transplantation in Swine

猪自体移植肝细胞外细胞外细胞基因治疗

Gene therapy is an ideal choice to cure many inborn errors of metabolism of the liver. Ex-vivo, lentiviral vectors have been used successfully in the ...

Conducting Maximal and Submaximal Endurance Exercise Testing to Measure Physiological and Biological Responses to Acute Exercise in Humans

进行最大和次极大耐力运动测试, 测量人类急性运动的生理和生物学反应

Regular physical activity has a positive effect on human health, but the mechanisms controlling these effects remain unclear. The physiologic and biologic ...

Integration of Brain Tissue Saturation Monitoring in Cardiopulmonary Exercise Testing in Patients with Heart Failure

心力衰竭患者心肺运动测试中脑组织饱和监测的集成

Cerebral hypo-oxygenation during rest or exercise negatively impacts the exercise capacity of patients with heart failure with reduced ejection fraction ...

Novel Percutaneous Approach for Deployment of 3D Printed Coronary Stenosis Implants in Swine Models of Ischemic Heart Disease

在缺血性心脏病的猪模型中部署3D打印冠状动脉狭窄植入物的新颖的皮下方法

Minimally invasive methods for creating models of focal coronary narrowing in large animals are challenging. Rapid prototyping using three-dimensionally ...

Analyzing Long-Term Electrocardiography Recordings to Detect Arrhythmias in Mice

分析长期心电图记录以检测小鼠心律失常

Arrhythmias are common, affecting millions of patients worldwide. Current treatment strategies are associated with significant side effects and remain ...