Name: a filter-based surface enhanced raman spectroscopic assay for rapid detection of chemical contaminants
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Description: Watch this Scientific Journal Video about A Filter-based Surface Enhanced Raman Spectroscopic Assay for Rapid Detection of Chemical Contaminants at JoVE.com

This material is based upon work supported by the U.S. Department of Homeland Security under Grant Award Number 2010-ST-061-FD0001 through a grant awarded by the National Center for Food Protection and Defense at the University of Minnesota. Disclaimer: The views and conclusions contained in this document are those of the authors and should not be interpreted as necessarily representing the official policies, either expressed or implied, of the U.S. Department of Homeland Security or the National Center for Food Protection and Defense.

1.银纳米粒子合成15 <ol><li>溶解在100毫升的超纯水（18.2ΩU）和涡流18毫克硝酸银5秒。 </li><li>溶解在1毫升水中并涡旋27毫克柠檬酸钠二水合物，持续5秒。 </li><li>传输所有制备的硝酸银溶液到含有搅拌棒的锥形烧瓶中，并把该烧瓶上的磁热板上。加热在约350℃下用700rpm的搅拌速度在剧烈搅拌下将烧瓶（在板设定温度）。 </li><li>当煮沸后，立即添加所有制备的柠檬酸钠溶液的锥形瓶中，并?...

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其中一个在这个协议中的关键步骤是银纳米粒子合成，其中统一银纳米粒子是一致的结果的关键。加热时间和前体的浓度必须被精确地控制。此AGNPS制备的平均粒径为80纳米，它是由激光粒度仪测得的（数据未显示）。另一个关键步骤是该盐聚合，其中盐的浓度和聚合时间必须精确地控制。此外，膜的选择也是关键的，因为具有较小的孔径的膜被发现更有效的捕集的Ag纳米团簇。在这项研究中所用?...

表面增强拉曼光谱（SERS）是拉曼光谱与纳米技术相结合的技术。在贵金属的金属纳米表面分析物的拉曼散射的强度是由局域型表面等离子体共振大大增强。1银纳米颗粒（银纳米颗粒）是目前最广泛使用的SERS衬底 ​​，由于其高的增强能力。2截止到目前，银纳米颗粒的各种合成方法已被开发出来。3-6的Ag纳米颗粒可单独使用作为有效的SERS衬底 ​​，或与其它材料和结构组合，以提高其敏感性和/或功能性。7-11 SERS技术已经证明用于检测食品和环境样品的各种微量污染物的容量大12传统上，存在用于制备SERS样品两种常用方法：溶液和基于基片的方法13的 基于溶液的方法具D使用NP胶体与样品混合。然后将NP-分析物复合使用离心收集，并沉积到干燥后的拉曼测定的固体载体上。基于基板的方法，通常是通过沉积液体试样的数微升到预制固体基材施加14然而，无论是这两种方法都是大量的样品体积的有效和适用的。所述SERS测定的几种修饰克服了体积限制，例如作为集成过滤器系统15-21的或微流体装置的掺入21-24的改性SERS测定表明，在灵敏度和可行性极大增强用于监测化学污染物在大型水样。 在这里，我们证明制造和注射过滤器基于SERS方法的应用程序的详细的协议来检测农药福美铁和抗生素氨苄青霉素的微量。

<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" width="604">
	<tbody>
		<tr height="21">
			<td height="21" style="height:21px;width:211px;">Ampicillin</td>
			<td style="width:128px;">Fisher Scientific</td>
			<td style="width:136px;">BP1760-5</td>
			<td style="width:131px;">N/A</td>
		</tr>
		<tr height="21">
			<td height="21" style="height:21px;width:211px;">Ferbam</td>
			<td style="width:128px;">Chem Service</td>
			<td style="width:136px;">N-11970-250MG</td>
			<td style="width:131px;">98+%</td>
		</tr>
		<tr height="21">
			<td height="21" style="height:21px;width:211px;">Silver nitrate</td>
			<td style="width:128px;">Sigma Aldrich</td>
			<td style="width:136px;">209139</td>
			<td style="width:131px;">99.0+%</td>
		</tr>
		<tr height="20">
			<td height="20" style="height:20px;width:211px;">Sodium citrate dehydrate</td>
			<td style="width:128px;">Sigma Aldrich</td>
			<td style="width:136px;">W302600</td>
			<td style="width:131px;">99+%</td>
		</tr>
		<tr height="18">
			<td height="18" style="height:19px;width:211px;">Sodium chloride</td>
			<td style="width:128px;">Sigma Aldrich</td>
			<td style="width:136px;">S7653</td>
			<td style="width:131px;">99.5+%</td>
		</tr>
		<tr height="42">
			<td height="42" style="height:42px;width:211px;">EMD Millipore Durapore PVDF Membrane Filters</td>
			<td style="width:128px;">Fisher Scientific</td>
			<td style="width:136px;">VVLP01300</td>
			<td style="width:131px;">0.10 &#181;m Pore Size, hydrophilic</td>
		</tr>
		<tr height="21">
			<td height="21" style="height:21px;width:211px;">Polycarbonate Filter Holders</td>
			<td style="width:128px;">Cole-Parmer</td>
			<td style="width:136px;">EW-29550-40</td>
			<td style="width:131px;">13 mm diameter</td>
		</tr>
		<tr height="21">
			<td height="21" style="height:21px;">Analog Vortex Mixer</td>
			<td style="width:128px;">Fisher Scientific</td>
			<td>02-215-365</td>
			<td>N/A</td>
		</tr>
		<tr height="50">
			<td height="50" style="height:51px;width:211px;">Nutating Mixers</td>
			<td style="width:128px;">Fisher Scientific</td>
			<td>05-450-213</td>
			<td style="width:131px;">N/A</td>
		</tr>
		<tr height="42">
			<td height="42" style="height:42px;width:211px;">DXR Raman spectroscope</td>
			<td style="width:128px;">Thermo Scientific</td>
			<td style="width:136px;">IQLAADGABFFAHCMAPB</td>
			<td style="width:131px;">Laser power: 1 mW Exposure time: 5 s</td>
		</tr>
	</tbody>
</table>

a filter-based surface enhanced raman spectroscopic assay for rapid detection of chemical contaminants

We demonstrate a method to fabricate highly sensitive surface-enhanced Raman spectroscopic (SERS) substrates using a filter syringe system that can be applied to the detection of various chemical contaminants. Silver nanoparticles (Ag NPs) are synthesized via reduction of silver nitrate by sodium citrate. Then the NPs are aggregated by sodium chloride to form nanoclusters that could be trapped in the pores of the filter membrane. A syringe is connected to the filter holder, with a filter membrane inside. By loading the nanoclusters into the syringe and passing through the membrane, the liquid goes through the membrane but not the nanoclusters, forming a SERS-active membrane. When testing the analyte, the liquid sample is loaded into the syringe and flowed through the Ag NPs coated membrane. The analyte binds and concentrates on the Ag NPs coated membrane. Then the membrane is detached from the filter holder, air dried and measured by a Raman instrument. Here we present the study of the volume effect of Ag NPs and sample on the detection sensitivity as well as the detection of 10 ppb ferbam and 1 ppm ampicillin using the developed assay.

本实验的主要步骤的示意图（图1）中被示出。 图2展示了重要性以使用在膜包衣AGNPS的优化量以达到最大化灵敏度。 1毫升的Ag纳米颗粒的使用福美铁时提供最强信号相比，至0.5毫升（涂层不足）或2毫升（太多涂层）。 我们能够为1ppm以极大的信号强度由开发基于滤波器的SERS测定（ 图1）来...

Watch this Scientific Journal Video about A Filter-based Surface Enhanced Raman Spectroscopic Assay for Rapid Detection of Chemical Contaminants at JoVE.com

A Filter-based Surface Enhanced Raman Spectroscopic Assay for Rapid Detection of Chemical Contaminants

一种用于制造和执行增强拉曼光谱（SERS）法检测化学污染物（如农药福美铁和氨苄青霉素）的基于过滤器表面的程序提出。

基于过滤器的表面增强拉曼光谱检测方法的化学污染物快速检测

We demonstrate a method to fabricate highly sensitive surface-enhanced Raman spectroscopic (SERS) substrates using a filter syringe system that can be ...

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生物聚合物气凝胶制备使用绿色溶剂

Although the first reports on aerogels made by Kistler1 in the 1930s dealt with aerogels from both inorganic oxides (silica and others) and biopolymers ...

A Novel Technique for Raman Analysis of Highly Radioactive Samples Using Any Standard Micro-Raman Spectrometer

一种新技术用于拉曼分析高放射性样品使用任何标准的微拉曼光谱仪

A novel approach for the Raman measurement of nuclear materials is reported in this paper. It consists of the enclosure of the radioactive sample in a ...

Observation and Analysis of Blinking Surface-enhanced Raman Scattering

闪烁表面增强拉曼散射的观测与分析

From a single molecule at a silver nanoaggregate junction, blinking surface-enhanced Raman scattering (SERS) is observed. Here, a protocol is presented on ...

Color Spot Test As a Presumptive Tool for the Rapid Detection of Synthetic Cathinones

色斑试验作为合成 Cathinones 快速检测的推定工具

Synthetic cathinones are a large class of new psychoactive substances (NPS) that are increasingly prevalent in drug seizures made by law enforcement and ...

Gold Nanoparticle Modified Carbon Fiber Microelectrodes for Enhanced Neurochemical Detection

用于增强神经化学检测的金纳米粒子改性碳纤维微电极

For over 30 years, carbon-fiber microelectrodes (CFMEs) have been the standard for neurotransmitter detection. Generally, carbon fibers are aspirated into ...

A Two-Step Pyrolysis-Gas Chromatography Method with Mass Spectrometric Detection for Identification of Tattoo Ink Ingredients and Counterfeit Products

一种用于检测纹身油墨成分和假冒产品的两步热解-气相色谱法

Tattoo inks are complex mixtures of ingredients. Each of them possesses different chemical properties which have to be addressed upon chemical analysis. ...

Preparation of Nanoparticles for ToF-SIMS and XPS Analysis

用于ToF-SIMS和XPS分析的纳米颗粒的制备

Nanoparticles have gained increasing attention in recent years due to their potential and application in different fields including medicine, cosmetics, ...