Name: isolation and characterization of single cells from zebrafish embryos
Uploaded: 2016-03-12T15:00:00
Description: Watch this Scientific Journal Video about Isolation and Characterization of Single Cells from Zebrafish Embryos at JoVE.com

We thank Dr. C. Geoffrey Burns for fish stock. The authors are grateful to UNC Flow Cytometry Core Facility, UNC-CGIBD AAC core for resources enabling this project, and the ZAC facility for animal care. L.S. is supported by NIH T32 grant HL069768-13 (PI, Nobuyo Maeda). N.F. is supported by NSF Graduate Research Fellowship NSF-DGE-1144081. This study was supported by NIH P30DK034987 grant (to UNC Advanced Analytics Core), American Heart Association Scientist Development Grant 13SDG17060010 and Ellison Medical Foundation New Scholar Grant AG-NS-1064-13 (to Dr. Qian), and NIH R00 HL109079 grant (to Dr. Liu).

Este protocolo requiere el uso de vivo, el pez cebra adultos para producir embriones. Los embriones se cosechan para la recogida de tejidos. Es esencial para obtener la aprobación de ética apropiadas juntas de revisión para llevar a cabo este experimento. 1. obtener embriones por etapas <ol><li> El día antes del experimento, preparar sana pez cebra, adulto para la cría. Coloque un macho y una hembra en lados opuestos de una clara divisoria en un tanque de cría. </li><li> Repita 1,1 p...

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El método descrito en este documento utiliza la expresión de una proteína fluorescente bajo el control de un promotor específico de tipo celular para enriquecer una población de células progenitoras cardíacas a partir de embriones de pez cebra para su uso en sistema de captura única célula asistida de microfluidos para evaluar la expresión de un subconjunto de genes cardiacos en solo Células. A condición de que las capacidades de FACS de excitación láser y emisión son compatibles con el fluoróforo (s) de...

La mayoría de los estudios actuales de la biología celular y molecular se basan en promedios de la población. Sin embargo, importantes eventos biológicos pueden estar enmascarados por estos análisis tradicionales basados ​​en la población ya que las poblaciones de menor importancia pueden desempeñar un papel importante en los procesos biológicos y evolución de la enfermedad. La comprensión de la expresión de genes en poblaciones heterogéneas a nivel de una sola célula puede (y tiene) conducir a conocimientos biológicos y clínicos 1,2. De interés para los estudios de desarrollo embrionario, en una población mayor de células, las células progenitoras son a menudo poco representados, por lo que es difícil de detectar cambios sutiles en la expresión de genes que inician en última instancia, las decisiones del destino celular 3. Del mismo modo, un solo tipo de células puede tener diferentes perfiles de expresión en respuesta a la microambiente 4. Por ejemplo, las células endoteliales residentes en el mismo órgano o en diferentes órganos (por ejemplo., Aorta o riñón) presentan una heterogeneidad significativa a pesar de compartir morp comúncaracterísticas hological y funcionales 5. Además, las células cancerosas que pueblan el mismo tumor también pueden tener diversos perfiles moleculares o mutaciones en el nivel de células individuales 6. En los sistemas modelo, transcriptómica en células individuales ha identificado con éxito nuevas poblaciones de células, que se caracteriza estados intermedios que se producen durante la diferenciación celular, y puso de manifiesto las respuestas celulares a los estímulos diferenciales 7.8.9. Estas ideas se han enmascarado en los estudios convencionales basados ​​en la población. embriones de pez cebra son una fuente tremendamente infrautilizados del tallo, células progenitoras, y diferenciación de las células para explorar cuestiones de la heterogeneidad de células individuales y la regulación molecular de identidades celulares durante el desarrollo. Su altamente estereotipada, ex vivo el desarrollo y la facilidad de manipulación genética ellas un excelente sistema modelo para este enfoque 10,11 hacen. En concreto, una limitación importante a la interpretación de un solo gen celulardatos de correo expresión es que la identificación fiable de los nuevos estados intermedios de células durante el desarrollo requiere mucho cuidado el momento de la recogida de tejidos 9. Esto es necesario para asegurar que la heterogeneidad entre las células capturadas representa heterogeneidad dentro de un tejido en un solo punto de tiempo en lugar de la heterogeneidad en la expresión génica presentado por la diferenciación de células dependiente de la edad. En comparación con los ratones, el desarrollo del embrión de pez cebra se puede sincronizar con precisión a través de un gran número de embriones 12. Además, con tamaños grandes de embrague, embriones de pez cebra se pueden utilizar como una fuente abundante de células madre y progenitoras. Este protocolo describe un método para aislar células de embriones de pez cebra y la captura de células individuales utilizando un chip y Autoprep sistema disponible comercialmente circuito microfluídica integrado (IFC) para el análisis de la expresión génica QRT-PCR. Este protocolo puede ser rápidamente transferible a ningún ensayos de alto rendimiento, incluyendo toda la multiplexaciónsecuenciación del transcriptoma que permite un análisis más exhaustivo de la heterogeneidad celular 13. También ofrece varias ventajas a los ensayos de expresión génica tradicionales. El protocolo de aislamiento de células individuales se obtiene una alta viabilidad después de FACS, lo que disminuye la proporción de células comprometidas que se incluyen en las aplicaciones posteriores. Mediante el uso de un CFI, células capturadas pueden ser observados directamente para evaluar las tasas de captura y evaluar la salud de células morfológicamente. Además, este protocolo es ampliamente aplicable a la comunidad de investigación pez cebra, que sólo requiere una línea de peces transgénicos etiquetados y el acceso a las tecnologías de captura de células de microfluidos. Como prueba de principio, se aislaron células individuales derivadas de progenitores cardíacos y capturados en un chip IFC, y luego la abundancia relativa de marcadores de diferenciación cardíaco se midió mediante qRT-PCR. análisis de la expresión génica a nivel de células individuales demuestra que los progenitores cardíacos coexisten con su differeprogenie ntiating. El conocimiento que se obtiene a partir de perfiles de una sola célula de células progenitoras cardíacas puede arrojar luz sobre la heterogeneidad en los patrones de expresión génica entre células progenitoras cardiacas durante el desarrollo de vertebrados, que puede haber sido enmascarado en los análisis tradicionales basados ​​en la población.

<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" width="816">
	<tbody>
		<tr height="21">
			<td height="21" style="height:21px;width:216px;">Supplies</td>
			<td style="width:111px;"></td>
			<td style="width:103px;"></td>
			<td style="width:388px;"></td>
		</tr>
		<tr height="42">
			<td height="42" style="height:42px;width:216px;">Dumont #5 forceps</td>
			<td style="width:111px;">Fine Science Tools</td>
			<td style="width:103px;">11254-20</td>
			<td>For removing the chorion from embryos</td>
		</tr>
		<tr height="21">
			<td height="21" style="height:21px;width:216px;">Microcentrifuge tube 2 mL</td>
			<td style="width:111px;">GeneMate</td>
			<td style="width:103px;">C-3261-1</td>
			<td></td>
		</tr>
		<tr height="21">
			<td height="21" style="height:21px;width:216px;">40 um cell strainer</td>
			<td style="width:111px;">Biobasic</td>
			<td style="width:103px;">SP104151</td>
			<td></td>
		</tr>
		<tr height="21">
			<td height="21" style="height:21px;width:216px;">35 mm culture dish</td>
			<td style="width:111px;">Falcon</td>
			<td align="right" style="width:103px;">351008</td>
			<td></td>
		</tr>
		<tr height="42">
			<td height="42" style="height:42px;width:216px;">FACS tubes topped with 35 um cell strainer</td>
			<td style="width:111px;">Falcon</td>
			<td align="right" style="width:103px;">352235</td>
			<td></td>
		</tr>
		<tr height="21">
			<td height="21" style="height:21px;width:216px;">P1000 and tips</td>
			<td style="width:111px;">Rainin</td>
			<td align="right" style="width:103px;">17005089</td>
			<td></td>
		</tr>
		<tr height="21">
			<td height="21" style="height:21px;width:216px;">P20 and tips</td>
			<td style="width:111px;">Rainin</td>
			<td align="right" style="width:103px;">17005091</td>
			<td></td>
		</tr>
		<tr height="42">
			<td height="42" style="height:42px;width:216px;">IFC chip manufacturer&#39;s protocol</td>
			<td style="width:111px;">Fluidigm</td>
			<td style="width:103px;">100-6117</td>
			<td>Version 100-6117 E1 was used in representative experiment</td>
		</tr>
		<tr height="42">
			<td height="42" style="height:42px;width:216px;">Wide bore pastuer glass pippette</td>
			<td style="width:111px;">VWR</td>
			<td style="width:103px;">14673-010</td>
			<td>For transferring embryos</td>
		</tr>
		<tr height="21">
			<td height="21" style="height:21px;width:216px;">Adult wild type zebrafish</td>
			<td style="width:111px;">N/A</td>
			<td style="width:103px;"></td>
			<td>We used AB line</td>
		</tr>
		<tr height="21">
			<td height="21" style="height:21px;width:216px;">Adult transgenic zebrafish</td>
			<td style="width:111px;">N/A</td>
			<td style="width:103px;"></td>
			<td>We used Tg(nkx2.5:ZsYellow)</td>
		</tr>
		<tr height="42">
			<td height="42" style="height:42px;width:216px;">Name</td>
			<td style="width:111px;">Company</td>
			<td style="width:103px;">Catalog Number</td>
			<td>Comments</td>
		</tr>
		<tr height="21">
			<td height="21" style="height:21px;width:216px;">Reagents for cell dissociation</td>
			<td style="width:111px;"></td>
			<td style="width:103px;"></td>
			<td></td>
		</tr>
		<tr height="21">
			<td height="21" style="height:21px;width:216px;">Double distilled water</td>
			<td style="width:111px;">N/A</td>
			<td style="width:103px;"></td>
			<td></td>
		</tr>
		<tr height="21">
			<td height="21" style="height:21px;width:216px;">Instant Ocean Sea Salt</td>
			<td style="width:111px;">Instant Ocean</td>
			<td style="width:103px;">SS15-10</td>
			<td></td>
		</tr>
		<tr height="21">
			<td height="21" style="height:21px;width:216px;">NaCl</td>
			<td style="width:111px;">FisherScientific</td>
			<td style="width:103px;">S271-3</td>
			<td>make stock in water and use for de-yolking buffer</td>
		</tr>
		<tr height="21">
			<td height="21" style="height:21px;width:216px;">KCl</td>
			<td style="width:111px;">Sigma Aldrich</td>
			<td style="width:103px;">P5405</td>
			<td>make stock in water and use for de-yolking buffer</td>
		</tr>
		<tr height="21">
			<td height="21" style="height:21px;width:216px;">NaHCO3</td>
			<td style="width:111px;">Sigma Aldrich</td>
			<td style="width:103px;">S6014</td>
			<td>make stock in water and use for de-yolking buffer</td>
		</tr>
		<tr height="21">
			<td height="21" style="height:21px;width:216px;">Leibovitz&#39;s L-15</td>
			<td style="width:111px;">Gibco</td>
			<td style="width:103px;">21083-027</td>
			<td></td>
		</tr>
		<tr height="21">
			<td height="21" style="height:21px;width:216px;">FBS</td>
			<td style="width:111px;">FisherScientific</td>
			<td style="width:103px;">03-600-511</td>
			<td>Heat inactivate; any brand of FBS should be fine</td>
		</tr>
		<tr height="42">
			<td height="42" style="height:42px;width:216px;">Cell Dissociation Reagent 1 -TrypLE</td>
			<td style="width:111px;">Life Technologies</td>
			<td style="width:103px;">12605-010</td>
			<td>Store at room temperature.</td>
		</tr>
		<tr height="42">
			<td height="42" style="height:42px;width:216px;">Cell Dissociation Reagent 2 - FACSmax</td>
			<td style="width:111px;">Genlantis</td>
			<td style="width:103px;">T200100</td>
			<td>Store -20; thaw on ice; bring to room temp before use</td>
		</tr>
		<tr height="21">
			<td height="21" style="height:21px;width:216px;">pronase (optional)</td>
			<td style="width:111px;">Sigma</td>
			<td style="width:103px;">P5147</td>
			<td></td>
		</tr>
		<tr height="42">
			<td height="42" style="height:42px;width:216px;">L/D Dye - Sytox Blue</td>
			<td style="width:111px;">Life Technologies</td>
			<td style="width:103px;">S34857</td>
			<td>Any live/dead stain suitable for flow cytometry will work</td>
		</tr>
		<tr height="21">
			<td height="21" style="height:21px;width:216px;">Trypan Blue</td>
			<td style="width:111px;">Gibco</td>
			<td style="width:103px;">15250-061</td>
			<td></td>
		</tr>
		<tr height="42">
			<td height="42" style="height:42px;width:216px;">Name</td>
			<td style="width:111px;">Company</td>
			<td style="width:103px;">Catalog Number</td>
			<td>Comments</td>
		</tr>
		<tr height="42">
			<td height="42" style="height:42px;width:216px;">Reagents for IFC plate use and qRT-PCR</td>
			<td style="width:111px;"></td>
			<td style="width:103px;"></td>
			<td></td>
		</tr>
		<tr height="21">
			<td height="21" style="height:21px;width:216px;">Gene-specific probes</td>
			<td style="width:111px;"></td>
			<td style="width:103px;"></td>
			<td>Probes will vary by experiment</td>
		</tr>
		<tr height="42">
			<td height="42" style="height:42px;width:216px;">TaqMan Probe ef1a</td>
			<td style="width:111px;">Life Technologies</td>
			<td>Dr03432748_m1</td>
			<td></td>
		</tr>
		<tr height="42">
			<td height="42" style="height:42px;width:216px;">TaqMan Probe gata4</td>
			<td style="width:111px;">Life Technologies</td>
			<td>Dr03443262_g1</td>
			<td></td>
		</tr>
		<tr height="42">
			<td height="42" style="height:42px;width:216px;">TaqMan Probe nk2-5</td>
			<td style="width:111px;">Life Technologies</td>
			<td>Dr03074126_m1</td>
			<td></td>
		</tr>
		<tr height="42">
			<td height="42" style="height:42px;width:216px;">TaqMan Probe myl7</td>
			<td style="width:111px;">Life Technologies</td>
			<td>Dr03105700_m1</td>
			<td></td>
		</tr>
		<tr height="42">
			<td height="42" style="height:42px;width:216px;">TaqMan Probe vmhc</td>
			<td style="width:111px;">Life Technologies</td>
			<td>Dr03431136_m1</td>
			<td></td>
		</tr>
		<tr height="42">
			<td height="42" style="height:42px;width:216px;">TaqMan Probe isl1</td>
			<td style="width:111px;">Life Technologies</td>
			<td>Dr03425734_m1</td>
			<td></td>
		</tr>
		<tr height="42">
			<td height="42" style="height:42px;width:216px;">TaqMan Gene Expression Master Mix</td>
			<td style="width:111px;">Life Technologies</td>
			<td align="right" style="width:103px;">4369016</td>
			<td></td>
		</tr>
		<tr height="42">
			<td height="42" style="height:42px;width:216px;">Reagents listed in IFC manufacturer&#39;s protocol</td>
			<td style="width:111px;"></td>
			<td style="width:103px;"></td>
			<td></td>
		</tr>
		<tr height="21">
			<td height="21" style="height:21px;width:216px;">C1 Reagent Kit</td>
			<td style="width:111px;">Fluidigm</td>
			<td style="width:103px;">100-5319</td>
			<td>Reagents for loading cells onto IFC plate</td>
		</tr>
		<tr height="42">
			<td height="42" style="height:42px;width:216px;">Ambion Single Cell-to-CTTM</td>
			<td style="width:111px;">Life Technologies</td>
			<td align="right" style="width:103px;">4458237</td>
			<td>Reagents for reverse transcription and pre-amplification steps</td>
		</tr>
		<tr height="42">
			<td height="42" style="height:42px;width:216px;">Molecular Biology Quality Water</td>
			<td style="width:111px;">Corning</td>
			<td style="width:103px;">46-000CM</td>
			<td></td>
		</tr>
		<tr height="21">
			<td height="21" style="height:21px;width:216px;">C1 IFC for PreAmp (5-10 um)</td>
			<td style="width:111px;">Fluidigm</td>
			<td style="width:103px;">100-5757</td>
			<td>IFC plate for small cells</td>
		</tr>
		<tr height="42">
			<td height="42" style="height:42px;width:216px;">Name</td>
			<td style="width:111px;">Company</td>
			<td style="width:103px;">Catalog Number</td>
			<td>Comments</td>
		</tr>
		<tr height="21">
			<td height="21" style="height:21px;width:216px;">Equipment</td>
			<td style="width:111px;"></td>
			<td style="width:103px;"></td>
			<td></td>
		</tr>
		<tr height="21">
			<td height="21" style="height:21px;width:216px;">C1 AutoPrep machine</td>
			<td style="width:111px;">Fluidigm</td>
			<td style="width:103px;">100-5477</td>
			<td>For IFC plate use</td>
		</tr>
		<tr height="21">
			<td height="21" style="height:21px;width:216px;">Hemocytometer&#160;</td>
			<td style="width:111px;">Sigma Aldrich</td>
			<td style="width:103px;">Z359629</td>
			<td>For counting cells and assessing cell size</td>
		</tr>
		<tr height="21">
			<td height="21" style="height:21px;width:216px;">Dissecting microscope</td>
			<td style="width:111px;"></td>
			<td style="width:103px;"></td>
			<td>For removing embryos from chorion</td>
		</tr>
		<tr height="21">
			<td height="21" style="height:21px;width:216px;">Tissue culture microscope</td>
			<td style="width:111px;"></td>
			<td style="width:103px;"></td>
			<td>For assessing single cell digestion</td>
		</tr>
		<tr height="21">
			<td height="21" style="height:21px;width:216px;">FACS machine</td>
			<td style="width:111px;"></td>
			<td style="width:103px;"></td>
			<td>For isolating cells of interest</td>
		</tr>
	</tbody>
</table>

isolation and characterization of single cells from zebrafish embryos

The zebrafish (Danio rerio) is a powerful model organism to study vertebrate development. Though many aspects of zebrafish embryonic development have been described at the morphological level, little is known about the molecular basis of cellular changes that occur as the organism develops. With recent advancements in microfluidics and multiplexing technologies, it is now possible to characterize gene expression in single cells. This allows for investigation of heterogeneity between individual cells of specific cell populations to identify and classify cell subtypes, characterize intermediate states that occur during cell differentiation, and explore differential cellular responses to stimuli. This study describes a protocol to isolate viable, single cells from zebrafish embryos for high throughput multiplexing assays. This method may be rapidly applied to any zebrafish embryonic cell type with fluorescent markers. An extension of this method may also be used in combination with high throughput sequencing technologies to fully characterize the transcriptome of single cells. As proof of principle, the relative abundance of cardiac differentiation markers was assessed in isolated, single cells derived from nkx2.5 positive cardiac progenitors. By evaluation of gene expression at the single cell level and at a single time point, the data support a model in which cardiac progenitors coexist with differentiating progeny. The method and work flow described here is broadly applicable to the zebrafish research community, requiring only a labeled transgenic fish line and access to microfluidics technologies.

Como prueba de principio, la expresión génica se evaluó para explorar la dinámica de diferenciación durante el desarrollo cardíaco. En el pez cebra, surgen progenitores cardíacos de una población mesodérmico de células que migran a la anterior mesodermo de la placa lateral donde se fusionan para formar el tubo lineal corazón. Antes de la fusión, progenitores cardíacos comienzan a expresar el factor de transcripción nkx2.5 (NK2 homeobox 5), que se cree que es el pri...

Watch this Scientific Journal Video about Isolation and Characterization of Single Cells from Zebrafish Embryos at JoVE.com

Isolation and Characterization of Single Cells from Zebrafish Embryos

This protocol describes a method for isolating single cells from zebrafish embryos, enriching for cells of interest, capturing zebrafish cells in microfluidic based single cell multiplex systems, and assessing gene expression from single cells.

Aislamiento y caracterización de células individuales a partir de embriones de pez cebra

The zebrafish (Danio rerio) is a powerful model organism to study vertebrate development. Though many aspects of zebrafish embryonic development have been ...

Research

JoVE Journal

Developmental Biology

Isolation and Quantitative Immunocytochemical Characterization of Primary Myogenic Cells and Fibroblasts from Human Skeletal Muscle

Aislamiento y Caracterización cuantitativa inmunocitoquímica de células miogénicas Primarias y fibroblastos de músculo esquelético humano

The repair and regeneration of skeletal muscle requires the action of satellite cells, which are the resident muscle stem cells. These can be isolated ...

Investigación

Biología del Desarrollo

Isolation and Characterization of Satellite Cells from Rat Head Branchiomeric Muscles

Aislamiento y caracterización de las células satélite de Músculos Rata Head Branchiomeric

Fibrosis and defective muscle regeneration can hamper the functional recovery of the soft palate muscles after cleft palate repair. This causes persistent ...

Affinity Labeling Detection of Endogenous Receptors from Zebrafish Embryos

Detección de afinidad etiquetado Endógeno receptores de embriones de pez cebra

By combining the powers of Affinity Labeling and Immunoprecipitation (AFLIP), a technique for the detection of low abundance receptors in zebrafish ...

Isolation and Characterization of Mesenchymal Stromal Cells from Human Umbilical Cord and Fetal Placenta

Aislamiento y caracterización de las células mesenquimales del estroma de cordón umbilical humano y fetal Placenta

The human umbilical cord (UC) and placenta are non-invasive, primitive and abundant sources of mesenchymal stromal cells (MSCs) that have increasingly ...

Single-cell Photoconversion in Living Intact Zebrafish

Sola célula Photoconversion en pez cebra intacto de la vida

Animal and plant tissue is composed of distinct populations of cells. These cells interact over time to build and maintain the tissue and can cause ...

Isolation and Characterization of Cardiac Mesenchymal Stromal Cells from Endomyocardial Bioptic Samples of Arrhythmogenic Cardiomyopathy Patients

Aislamiento y caracterización de células estromales mesenquimales cardiacas de Endomyocardial biópticos muestras de pacientes de miocardiopatía arritmogénica

A normal adult heart is composed of several different cell types, among which cardiac mesenchymal stromal cells represent an abundant population. The ...

Isolation and Characterization of Human Umbilical Cord-derived Mesenchymal Stem Cells from Preterm and Term Infants

Aislamiento y caracterización de humanas derivadas de cordón Umbilical las células madre mesenquimales de prematuros y recién nacidos a término

Mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) have considerable therapeutic potential and attract increasing interest in the biomedical field. MSCs are originally ...

Isolation, Culture, Characterization, and Differentiation of Human Muscle Progenitor Cells from the Skeletal Muscle Biopsy Procedure

Aislamiento, cultivo, caracterización y diferenciación de células progenitoras musculares humanas del procedimiento de biopsia muscular esquelética

The use of primary human tissue and cells is ideal for the investigation of biological and physiological processes such as the skeletal muscle ...

Preparation of Small RNA Libraries for Sequencing from Early Mouse Embryos

Preparación de pequeñas bibliotecas de ARN para la secuenciación de embriones de ratón tempranos

MicroRNAs (miRNAs) are important for the complex regulation of cell fate decisions and developmental timing. In vivo studies of the contribution of miRNAs ...

Generation of Na&#239;ve Blastoderm Explants from Zebrafish Embryos

Generation of NaÃƒÆ’Ã‚Â¯ve Blastoderm Explants from Zebrafish Embryos

Generación de explantes de Blastoderm naïve a partir de embriones de pez cebra

Due to their optical clarity and rapid development, zebrafish embryos are an excellent system for examining cell behaviors and developmental processes. ...