Name: primary outcome assessment in a pig model of acute myocardial infarction
Uploaded: 2016-10-14T15:00:00
Description: Watch this Scientific Journal Video about Primary Outcome Assessment in a Pig Model of Acute Myocardial Infarction at JoVE.com

The authors gratefully acknowledge Marlijn Jansen, Joyce Visser, Grace Croft, Martijn van Nieuwburg, Danny Elbersen and Evelyn Velema for their excellent technical support during the animal experiments.

모든 동물 실험은 대학 의료 센터 위트 레흐트의 동물 실험에 대한 윤리위원회 (위트레흐트, 네덜란드)의 승인을하고 &#39;실험 동물의 관리 및 사용에 대한 가이드&#39;에 부합했다. 주 :이 프로토콜은 폐쇄 상자 풍선 흡장 현재 원고의 일부가 아닌 다른 곳에서 5 상세히 설명 수행. 즉, 돼지 (60-70kg)는 좌전 하행 동맥 (LAD)의 중앙부의 75 분 인 transluminal 풍선 폐색을 실시?...

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V. a. n., Baan, J. <a target="_blank" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?db=PubMed&cmd=Search&doptcmdl=Citation&defaultField=Title+Word&term=Effects+of+critical+coronary+stenosis+on+global+systolic+left+ventricular+function+quantified+by+pressure-volume+relations+during+dobutamine+stress+in+the+canine+heart.">Effects of critical coronary stenosis on global systolic left ventricular function quantified by pressure-volume relations during dobutamine stress in the canine heart.</a> J. Am. Coll. Cardiol. 32 (3), 816-826 (1998).</li></ol>

심장 재 형성은 주로 심근 경색 크기에 의존하고, 심근 경색의 품질 6,26 수리. 표준화 된 방식으로 전자를 평가하기 위해, 본 원고 검증 광범위 8,16,27,28 사용 된 생체 TTC 염색법과 조합 에반스 블루의 생체 내 주입 우아한 방법을 제공한다. 이 방법은 16 AAR 관련된 위험 (AAR)의 영역의 정량 경색 크기 허용한다. 이 심근 구멍을 요구하지 않는 한 유두근 - malposition...

서방 세계 1 명 2 % - 감소 구혈률 (HFrEF) 심장 장애는 약 1에 영향을 미치는 모든 심부전의 경우 약 50 %를 차지한다. 그것의 가장 일반적인 원인은 급성 심근 경색 (AMI)입니다. AMI 후 급성 사망률이 증가 된 인식과 개선 된 치료 방법으로 크게 감소함에 따라, 강조는 만성 후유증으로 이동했다; 가장 눈에 띄는 존재 HFrEF 2,3. 함께 의료 비용 4가 증가함에 따라, 심부전 성장 전염병 이전 5 바와 같이 AMI 후 부작용 리모델링 높은 병진 돼지 모델에서 연구 될 수있는 신규의 진단 및 치료에 대한 필요성을 강조한다. 불리한 개조 모두, 결정 (예를 들면, 경색 크기) 및 관능 평가 (예를 들어, 심장 초음파) 종종 REL의 필요성을 나타내는 새로운 치료제의 효능을 시험에 사용iable과 상대적으로 저렴한 방법. 현재 연구의 목적은 급성 심근 경색의 돼지 모델에서 효능 시험에 중요한 안정적인 결과 측정을 도입함으로써 이러한 요구를 충족하는 것이다. 이러한 위험 (AAR), 3 차원 경식도 심 초음파 (3D-TEE) 상세한 입장 기반 압력 - 볼륨 (PV) 루프 획득에 지역 관련 경색 크기 (IS)를 포함한다. 경색 크기는 AMI 6 후 이상 반응 리모델링과 생존의 주요 결정 요인이다. 가역적으로 부상 심근을 회수 및 경색 크기를 제한 할 수 있습니다 허혈성 심근의 재관류가, 재관류 자체가 산화 스트레스의 발생과 과도한 염증 반응을 통해 추가 피해를하지만 (허혈 - 재관류 손상 (IRI)) 7. 따라서, IRI는 유망한 치료 대상으로 확인되었습니다. 경색 크기를 감소시키는 신규 한 치료제의 능력과 관련하여 평가 경색 크기에 의해 정량화위험 지역 (AAR)에. 큰 AAR 더 큰 절대 경색 크기 리드로 AAR 정량은 동물 모델의 관상 해부학 개체 간 변동을 보정하기 위해 필수적이다. 경색 크기를 직접 심장 성능 및 심근 수축력에 관련되기 때문에, AAR의 변화는 치료 방법 (8)에 관계없이 결과 측정 연구에 영향을 미칠 수있다. 세 가지 차원 경식도 심 초음파 (3D-TEE)는 심장 기능이 비 침습적으로 측정 할 수있는 임상 적 적용, 가장 중요한, 안전하고 신뢰할 수있는 저렴한 방법입니다. 흉부 심장 초음파 (TTE) 이미지 돼지 9 2D 흉골 장기 및 단기 축보기에 한정되는 반면, 3D-TEE는 좌심실의 완전한 3 차원 이미지를 얻기 위해 사용될 수있다. 따라서, 이러한 수정 된 심슨의 규칙 10 좌심실 (LV) 볼륨의 수학 근사값을 필요로하지 않습니다. 후자는 CORR 하회ectly 인해 원통 형상 (11)의 부족 LV 개장 후 LV 볼륨을 추정. 그것은 본 모델 (12) 심장 보호 효과를 발휘하는 것으로 관찰되었다 외과 적 개입을 필요로하지 않기 때문에 또한, 3 차원 초음파 검사 TEE은 심 외막 위에 바람직하다. 심근 기능의 평가 2D-TEE의 사용 13,14 전에 설명 하였지만, 심실 기하 구조에 대한 제한은 2D-TTE에서 관찰 된 것과 유사하며 LV 리모델링의 정도에 의존한다. 따라서, 큰 경색 (및 심부전의 확률이 높은) 일수록 차원 측정이 부정확 기하학적 가정하여 결함되고 3D 기법이 높을 필요가있다. 그럼에도 불구하고, 대부분의 이미징 양식은 심근의 고유의 기능적 특성을 평가하는 능력에 제한됩니다. PV는 관련 추가 정보를 제공 루프 및 인수 그러므로상세히 설명.

<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" width="875">
	<tbody>
		<tr height="21">
			<td height="21" style="height:21px;width:397px;">3-dimensional transesophageal echocardiography</td>
			<td style="width:180px;"></td>
			<td style="width:108px;"></td>
			<td style="width:191px;"></td>
		</tr>
		<tr height="21">
			<td height="21" style="height:21px;width:397px;">iE33 ultrasound device</td>
			<td style="width:180px;">Philips</td>
			<td style="width:108px;">-</td>
			<td></td>
		</tr>
		<tr height="21">
			<td height="21" style="height:21px;width:397px;">X7-2t transducer</td>
			<td style="width:180px;">Philips</td>
			<td style="width:108px;">-</td>
			<td></td>
		</tr>
		<tr height="21">
			<td height="21" style="height:21px;width:397px;">Aquasonic&#174; 100 ultrasound transmission gel</td>
			<td style="width:180px;">Parker Laboratories Inc.</td>
			<td style="width:108px;">01-34</td>
			<td>Alternative product can be used</td>
		</tr>
		<tr height="21">
			<td height="21" style="height:21px;width:397px;">Battery handle type C (laryngoscope handle)</td>
			<td style="width:180px;">Riester</td>
			<td style="width:108px;">12303</td>
			<td></td>
		</tr>
		<tr height="21">
			<td height="21" style="height:21px;width:397px;">Ri-Standard Miller blade MIL 4 (laryngoscope blade)</td>
			<td style="width:180px;">Riester</td>
			<td style="width:108px;">12225</td>
			<td></td>
		</tr>
		<tr height="21">
			<td height="21" style="height:21px;width:397px;">Qlab 10.0 (3DQ Advanced) analysis software</td>
			<td style="width:180px;">Philips</td>
			<td style="width:108px;">-</td>
			<td></td>
		</tr>
		<tr height="21">
			<td height="21" style="height:21px;">Name</td>
			<td>Company</td>
			<td>Catalog Number</td>
			<td>Comments</td>
		</tr>
		<tr height="21">
			<td height="21" style="height:21px;width:397px;">Pressure-volume loop acquisition</td>
			<td style="width:180px;"></td>
			<td style="width:108px;"></td>
			<td></td>
		</tr>
		<tr height="21">
			<td height="21" style="height:21px;width:397px;">Cardiac defibrillator</td>
			<td style="width:180px;">Philips</td>
			<td style="width:108px;"></td>
			<td></td>
		</tr>
		<tr height="21">
			<td height="21" style="height:21px;width:397px;">0.9% saline</td>
			<td style="width:180px;">Braun</td>
			<td style="width:108px;"></td>
			<td></td>
		</tr>
		<tr height="21">
			<td height="21" style="height:21px;width:397px;">8F Percutaneous Sheath Introducer Set</td>
			<td style="width:180px;">Arrow</td>
			<td style="width:108px;">CP-08803</td>
			<td>Alternative product can be used</td>
		</tr>
		<tr height="21">
			<td height="21" style="height:21px;">9F Radifocus&#174; Introducer II Standard Kit&#160;</td>
			<td style="width:180px;">Terumo</td>
			<td>RS*A90K10SQ</td>
			<td>Alternative product can be used</td>
		</tr>
		<tr height="21">
			<td height="21" style="height:21px;width:397px;">8F Fogarty catheter</td>
			<td style="width:180px;">Edward Life Sciences</td>
			<td>62080814F</td>
			<td>Alternative product can be used</td>
		</tr>
		<tr height="21">
			<td height="21" style="height:21px;">7F Criticath&#8482; SP5107H TD catheter (Swan-Ganz)</td>
			<td style="width:180px;">Becton Dickinson (BD)</td>
			<td>680078</td>
			<td>Alternative product can be used</td>
		</tr>
		<tr height="42">
			<td height="42" style="height:42px;width:397px;">Ultraview SL Patient Monitor and Invasive Command Module (external cardiac output device)</td>
			<td>Spacelabs Healthcare</td>
			<td>91387</td>
			<td>Alternative product can be used</td>
		</tr>
		<tr height="21">
			<td height="21" style="height:21px;">ADVantage system&#8482;</td>
			<td>Transonic SciSense</td>
			<td>-</td>
			<td></td>
		</tr>
		<tr height="21">
			<td height="21" style="height:21px;">7F tetra-polar admittance catheter (7.0 VSL Pigtail / no lumen)</td>
			<td>Transonic SciSense</td>
			<td>-</td>
			<td></td>
		</tr>
		<tr height="21">
			<td height="21" style="height:21px;">Multi-channel acquisition system (Iworx 404)</td>
			<td>Iworx</td>
			<td style="width:108px;">-</td>
			<td></td>
		</tr>
		<tr height="21">
			<td height="21" style="height:21px;">Labscribe V2.0 analysis software</td>
			<td style="width:180px;">Iworx</td>
			<td style="width:108px;">-</td>
			<td>Alternative product can be used</td>
		</tr>
		<tr height="21">
			<td height="21" style="height:21px;">Name</td>
			<td>Company</td>
			<td>Catalog Number</td>
			<td>Comments</td>
		</tr>
		<tr height="21">
			<td height="21" style="height:21px;width:397px;">Infarct size / area-at-risk quantification</td>
			<td style="width:180px;"></td>
			<td style="width:108px;"></td>
			<td></td>
		</tr>
		<tr height="21">
			<td height="21" style="height:21px;width:397px;">Diathermy</td>
			<td style="width:180px;">-</td>
			<td style="width:108px;"></td>
			<td>Alternative product can be used</td>
		</tr>
		<tr height="21">
			<td height="21" style="height:21px;width:397px;">Lebsch knife</td>
			<td style="width:180px;">-</td>
			<td style="width:108px;"></td>
			<td>Alternative product can be used</td>
		</tr>
		<tr height="21">
			<td height="21" style="height:21px;width:397px;">Hammer</td>
			<td style="width:180px;">-</td>
			<td style="width:108px;"></td>
			<td>Alternative product can be used</td>
		</tr>
		<tr height="21">
			<td height="21" style="height:21px;width:397px;">Bone marrow wax</td>
			<td style="width:180px;">Syneture</td>
			<td style="width:108px;"></td>
			<td>Alternative product can be used</td>
		</tr>
		<tr height="21">
			<td height="21" style="height:21px;width:397px;">Klinkenberg scissors</td>
			<td style="width:180px;">-</td>
			<td style="width:108px;"></td>
			<td>Alternative product can be used</td>
		</tr>
		<tr height="21">
			<td height="21" style="height:21px;width:397px;">Retractor</td>
			<td style="width:180px;">-</td>
			<td style="width:108px;"></td>
			<td>Alternative product can be used</td>
		</tr>
		<tr height="21">
			<td height="21" style="height:21px;width:397px;">Surgical scissors</td>
			<td style="width:180px;">-</td>
			<td style="width:108px;"></td>
			<td></td>
		</tr>
		<tr height="21">
			<td height="21" style="height:21px;">7F Percutaneous Sheath Introducer Set&#160;</td>
			<td style="width:180px;">Arrow</td>
			<td>CP-08703</td>
			<td>Alternative product can be used</td>
		</tr>
		<tr height="21">
			<td height="21" style="height:21px;">8F Percutaneous Sheath Introducer Set&#160;</td>
			<td style="width:180px;">Arrow</td>
			<td style="width:108px;">CP-08803</td>
			<td>Alternative product can be used</td>
		</tr>
		<tr height="42">
			<td height="42" style="height:42px;">7F JL4 guiding catheter&#160;</td>
			<td style="width:180px;">Boston Scientific</td>
			<td style="width:108px;">H749 34357-662</td>
			<td>Alternative product can be used</td>
		</tr>
		<tr height="21">
			<td height="21" style="height:21px;">8F JL4 guiding catheter&#160;</td>
			<td style="width:180px;">Boston Scientific</td>
			<td>H749 34358-662&#160;</td>
			<td>Alternative product can be used</td>
		</tr>
		<tr height="21">
			<td height="21" style="height:21px;">COPILOT Bleedback Control Valves&#160;</td>
			<td>Abbott Vascular</td>
			<td>1003331</td>
			<td>Alternative product can be used</td>
		</tr>
		<tr height="21">
			<td height="21" style="height:21px;">BD Connecta&#8482;&#160;</td>
			<td style="width:180px;">Franklin Lakes</td>
			<td>394995</td>
			<td>Alternative product can be used</td>
		</tr>
		<tr height="21">
			<td height="21" style="height:21px;">Contrast agent</td>
			<td style="width:180px;">Telebrix</td>
			<td></td>
			<td></td>
		</tr>
		<tr height="42">
			<td height="42" style="height:42px;width:397px;">Persuader 9 Steerable Guidewire 9 (0.014&#34;, 180 cm, straight tip), hydrophilic coating</td>
			<td style="width:180px;">Medtronic Inc.</td>
			<td>9PSDR180HS</td>
			<td>Alternative product can be used</td>
		</tr>
		<tr height="63">
			<td height="63" style="height:63px;width:397px;">SAPPHIRE&#8482; Coronary Dilatation Catheter (PTCA balloon suitable for the size of the particular coronary artery (2.75 - 3.25 mm))</td>
			<td style="width:180px;">OrbusNeich</td>
			<td style="width:108px;">103-3015</td>
			<td>Alternative product can be used</td>
		</tr>
		<tr height="21">
			<td height="21" style="height:21px;">Evans Blue&#160;</td>
			<td style="width:180px;">Sigma-Aldrich</td>
			<td>E2129-100G</td>
			<td>Toxic. Alternative product can be used</td>
		</tr>
		<tr height="21">
			<td height="21" style="height:21px;">2,3,5-triphenyl-tetrazolium chloride (TTC)</td>
			<td style="width:180px;">Sigma-Aldrich</td>
			<td>T8877-100G</td>
			<td>Irritant. Alternative product can be used</td>
		</tr>
		<tr height="21">
			<td height="21" style="height:21px;">9V battery</td>
			<td style="width:180px;">-</td>
			<td style="width:108px;">-</td>
			<td></td>
		</tr>
		<tr height="21">
			<td height="21" style="height:21px;width:397px;">Ruler</td>
			<td style="width:180px;">-</td>
			<td style="width:108px;">-</td>
			<td></td>
		</tr>
		<tr height="21">
			<td height="21" style="height:21px;width:397px;">Photocamera</td>
			<td style="width:180px;">Sony</td>
			<td style="width:108px;">-</td>
			<td></td>
		</tr>
		<tr height="42">
			<td height="42" style="height:42px;width:397px;">ImageJ</td>
			<td style="width:180px;">National Institutes of Health</td>
			<td style="width:108px;">-</td>
			<td>Alternative product can be used</td>
		</tr>
	</tbody>
</table>

primary outcome assessment in a pig model of acute myocardial infarction

Mortality after acute myocardial infarction remains substantial and is associated with significant morbidity, like heart failure. Novel therapeutics are therefore required to confine cardiac damage, promote survival and reduce the disease burden of heart failure. Large animal experiments are an essential part in the translational process from experimental to clinical therapies. To optimize clinical translation, robust and representative outcome measures are mandatory. The present manuscript aims to address this need by describing the assessment of three clinically relevant outcome modalities in a pig acute myocardial infarction (AMI) model: infarct size in relation to area at risk (IS/AAR) staining, 3-dimensional transesophageal echocardiography (TEE) and admittance-based pressure-volume (PV) loops. Infarct size is the main determinant driving the transition from AMI to heart failure and can be quantified by IS/AAR staining. Echocardiography is a reliable and robust tool in the assessment of global and regional cardiac function in clinical cardiology. Here, a method for three-dimensional transesophageal echocardiography (3D-TEE) in pigs is provided. Extensive insight into cardiac performance can be obtained by admittance-based pressure-volume (PV) loops, including intrinsic parameters of myocardial function that are pre- and afterload independent. Combined with a clinically feasible experimental study protocol, these outcome measures provide researchers with essential information to determine whether novel therapeutic strategies could yield promising targets for future testing in clinical studies.

<html> 3D 경식도 심 초음파 경식도 심장 초음파 3 차원 (3D-TEE)는 글로벌 심장 기능 평가에 사용될 수있다. AMI 후, 글로벌 심장 기능 건강 기준 값과 다릅니다. 특히, 좌심실 구혈률 (LVEF)는 재관류 일주 (N = 10) (GPJ 반 후트 2015 년) 후 37 ± 6 %, 59 ± 4 %에서 감소한다. 최종 이완기 볼륨이 두 시점 사이에 차이가없는 반면 박...

Watch this Scientific Journal Video about Primary Outcome Assessment in a Pig Model of Acute Myocardial Infarction at JoVE.com

Primary Outcome Assessment in a Pig Model of Acute Myocardial Infarction

신뢰할 수 있고 정확한 결과 평가는 임상 적 치료에 대한 임상 치료의 번역을위한 열쇠입니다. 현재의 논문은 돼지 급성 심근 경색 모델에서 심장 성능과 손상의 세 가지 임상 적으로 일차 결과 변수를 평가하는 방법에 대해 설명합니다.

급성 심근 경색의 돼지 모델의 주요 결과 평가

Mortality after acute myocardial infarction remains substantial and is associated with significant morbidity, like heart failure. Novel therapeutics are ...

Research

JoVE Journal

Medicine

Acute Myocardial Infarction in Rats

고양이에서 급성 심근 경색

With heart failure leading the cause of death in the USA (Hunt), biomedical research is fundamental to advance medical treatments for cardiovascular ...

연구

의학

MRI and PET in Mouse Models of Myocardial Infarction

Myocardial infarction is one of the leading causes of death in the Western world. The similarity of the mouse heart to the human heart has made it an ...

Myocardial Infarction and Functional Outcome Assessment in Pigs

돼지의 심근 경색 및 기능적 결과의 평가

Introduction of newly discovered cardiovascular therapeutics into first-in-man trials depends on a strictly regulated ethical and legal roadmap. One ...

Myocardial Infarction in Neonatal Mice, A Model of Cardiac Regeneration

신생아 쥐의 심근 경색, 심장 재생의 모델

Myocardial infarction induced by coronary artery ligation has been used in many animal models as a tool to study the mechanisms of cardiac repair and ...

Real-time Pressure-volume Analysis of Acute Myocardial Infarction in Mice

쥐의 급성 심근 경색의 실시간 압력-볼륨 분석

Acute myocardial infarction can lead to acute heart failure and cardiogenic shock. The evaluation of hemodynamics is critical for the evaluation of any ...

Digital PCR for Quantifying Circulating MicroRNAs in Acute Myocardial Infarction and Cardiovascular Disease

급성 심근 경색 및 심혈 관 질환 MicroRNAs 순환 측정을 위한 디지털 PCR

Circulating serum microRNAs (miRNAs) have shown promise as biomarkers for the cardiovascular disease and acute myocardial infarction (AMI), being released ...

Implantation of hiPSC-derived Cardiac-muscle Patches after Myocardial Injury in a Guinea Pig Model

기니 돼지 모델에서 심근 손상 후 심장 근육 패치 hiPSC 파생의 이식

Due to the limited regeneration capacity of the heart in adult mammals, myocardial infarction results in an irreversible loss of cardiomyocytes. This loss ...

A Cryoinjury Model to Study Myocardial Infarction in the Mouse

마우스에서 심근 경색을 연구하는 극저온 손상 모델

The use of animal models is essential for developing new therapeutic strategies for acute coronary syndrome and its complications. In this article, we ...

Intramyocardial Transplantation of MSC-Loading Injectable Hydrogels after Myocardial Infarction in a Murine Model

Murine 모델에서 심근 경색 후 MSC 로딩 주사용 하이드로겔의 자궁 내 이식

One of the major issues facing current cardiac stem cell therapies for preventing postinfarct heart failure is the low retention and survival rates of ...

Utilizing Percutaneous Ventricular Assist Devices in Acute Myocardial Infarction Complicated by Cardiogenic Shock

경피 심실 보조 장치 활용 급성 심근 경색에 심근 쇼크로 복잡

Cardiogenic shock is defined as persistent hypotension, accompanied by evidence of end organ hypo-perfusion. Percutaneous ventricular assist devices ...