Name: extended time-lapse intravital imaging of real-time multicellular dynamics in the tumor microenvironment
Uploaded: 2016-06-12T14:00:00
Description: Watch this Scientific Journal Video about Extended Time-lapse Intravital Imaging of Real-time Multicellular Dynamics in the Tumor Microenvironment at JoVE.com

Esta pesquisa foi apoiada pela mama Departamento de Defesa Cancer Research Program sob o número prêmio (ASH, W81XWH-13-1-0010), NIH CA100324, CA100324 PPG, e do Programa Integrado Imaging.

Todos os procedimentos descritos devem ser realizados de acordo com as diretrizes e regulamentos para o uso de animais vertebrados, incluindo a aprovação prévia do Albert Einstein College of Medicine Institutional Animal Care e do Comitê Use. 1. Geração de fluorescência Tumores marcados e macrófagos associados a tumores <ol><li> Gerar células tumorais com marcação fluorescente, atravessando o autóctone rato geneticamente modelo espontânea, mamária câncer de onde o mouse mamária vírus do tumor ...

<ol>
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How tumors make bad blood vessels and stroma.</a> Am J Pathol. 162 (6), 1747-1757 (2003).</li><li>Nagy, J. 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D., et al. <a target="_blank" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?db=PubMed&cmd=Search&doptcmdl=Citation&defaultField=Title+Word&term=Tumor+microenvironment+of+metastasis+in+human+breast+carcinoma:+a+potential+prognostic+marker+linked+to+hematogenous+dissemination.">Tumor microenvironment of metastasis in human breast carcinoma: a potential prognostic marker linked to hematogenous dissemination.</a> Clin Cancer Res. 15, 2433-2441 (2009).</li><li>Sasmono, R. T., et al. <a target="_blank" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?db=PubMed&cmd=Search&doptcmdl=Citation&defaultField=Title+Word&term=A+macrophage+colony-stimulating+factor+receptor-green+fluorescent+protein+transgene+is+expressed+throughout+the+mononuclear+phagocyte+system+of+the+mouse.">A macrophage colony-stimulating factor receptor-green fluorescent protein transgene is expressed throughout the mononuclear phagocyte system of the mouse.</a> Blood. 101 (3), 1155-1163 (2003).</li><li>Ovchinnikov, D. A., et al. <a target="_blank" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?db=PubMed&cmd=Search&doptcmdl=Citation&defaultField=Title+Word&term=Expression+of+Gal4-dependent+transgenes+in+cells+of+the+mononuclear+phagocyte+system+labeled+with+enhanced+cyan+fluorescent+protein+using+Csf1r-Gal4VP16/UAS-ECFP+double-transgenic+mice.">Expression of Gal4-dependent transgenes in cells of the mononuclear phagocyte system labeled with enhanced cyan fluorescent protein using Csf1r-Gal4VP16/UAS-ECFP double-transgenic mice.</a> J Leukcocyte Biol. 83 (2), 430-433 (2008).</li><li>Liu, H., et al. <a target="_blank" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?db=PubMed&cmd=Search&doptcmdl=Citation&defaultField=Title+Word&term=Cancer+stem+cells+from+human+breast+tumors+are+involved+in+spontaneous+metastases+in+orthotopic+mouse+models.">Cancer stem cells from human breast tumors are involved in spontaneous metastases in orthotopic mouse models.</a> Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 107 (42), 18115-18120 (2010).</li><li>Nakasone, E. S., Askautrud, H. A., Egeblad, M. <a target="_blank" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?db=PubMed&cmd=Search&doptcmdl=Citation&defaultField=Title+Word&term=Live+imaging+of+drug+responses+in+the+tumor+microenvironment+in+mouse+models+of+breast+cancer.">Live imaging of drug responses in the tumor microenvironment in mouse models of breast cancer.</a> J Vis Exp. (73), (2013).</li><li>Weis, S., Cui, J., Barnes, L., Cheresh, D. <a target="_blank" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?db=PubMed&cmd=Search&doptcmdl=Citation&defaultField=Title+Word&term=Endothelial+barrier+disruption+by+VEGF-mediated+Src+activity+potentiates+tumor+cell+extravasation+and+metastasis.">Endothelial barrier disruption by VEGF-mediated Src activity potentiates tumor cell extravasation and metastasis.</a> J Cell Biol. 167 (2), 223-229 (2004).</li><li>Wyckoff, J., Gligorijevic, B., Entenberg, D., Segall, J., Condeelis, J. <a target="_blank" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?db=PubMed&cmd=Search&doptcmdl=Citation&defaultField=Title+Word&term=High-Resolution+Multiphoton+Imaging+of+Tumors.">High-Resolution Multiphoton Imaging of Tumors.</a> In Vivo. Cold Spring Harb Protoc. (10), (2011).</li><li>Lathia, J. 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interacções celulares que ocorrem espontaneamente no microambiente do tumor pode levar a alterações na motilidade de células tumorais e intravasamento. De alta resolução de imagem intravital do tecido tumoral ao vivo permite a visualização da dinâmica multicelulares que podem ser 10,13,24 altamente transitória. Ponto final em ensaios in vivo ou imagens de lapso de tempo adquiridos com pontos de tempo discreto pode fornecer informações essenciais sobre mecanismos moleculares de p...

Divulgação de células tumorais a partir do tumor mamário primário tem sido demonstrado que envolvem as células de tumor não apenas, mas células hospedeiras estromais incluindo macrófagos e células endoteliais. Além disso, a vasculatura tumoral é anormal, com um aumento da permeabilidade. Assim, determinar como células tumorais, macrófagos e células endoteliais interagem para mediar a permeabilidade vascular e intravasamento célula tumoral no microambiente do tumor primário é importante para a metástase compreensão. Compreendendo a cinética da permeabilidade vascular, intravasamento de células tumorais e o mecanismo de sinalização subjacente de interacções multicelulares no microambiente tumoral pode fornecer a informação crucial no desenvolvimento e administração de terapias anti-cancerosas. O principal meio de estudar a permeabilidade vascular do tumor in vivo tem sido a medição de corantes extravasculares, tais como azul de Evans 2, dextranos de elevado peso molecular (155 kDa)3 e fluoróforo ou proteínas radiofármaco-conjugados (incluindo a albumina) 4 em pontos fixos de tempo após a injecção do corante. Avanços na microscopia, modelos animais e corantes fluorescentes permitiram a visualização de processos celulares e permeabilidade vascular em animais vivos por meio de microscopia intravital 5. Imaging animal vivo com a aquisição de imagens estáticas, ou sequências de curto lapso de tempo ao longo de vários pontos de tempo não permite a compreensão completa dos eventos dinâmicos no microambiente do tumor 6,7. De facto, a aquisição de imagem estática ao longo de 24 horas demonstraram que a vasculatura tumoral é permeável, no entanto, a dinâmica da permeabilidade vascular não foi observada 6. Assim, estendido de imagem contínua de lapso de tempo de até 12 horas capta a cinética de eventos dinâmicos no microambiente do tumor. Este protocolo descreve o uso de estendido multiphot time-lapseem microscopia intravital para estudar eventos multicelulares dinâmicos no microambiente tumoral. Vários tipos de células no microambiente do tumor são marcadas com corantes injectáveis ​​ou usando animais transgénicos que expressam proteínas fluorescentes. Utilizando um cateter na veia da cauda corantes vasculares ou proteínas pode ser injectado após o início da imagiologia para adquirir dados de cinética de eventos multicelulares no microambiente tumoral. Para imagens de células vivas do tumor mamário é exposto através da preparação cirúrgica de um retalho de pele. As imagens são adquiridas por até 12 horas usando um microscópio multiphoton equipado com múltiplos tubos fotomultiplicadores (PMT) detectores 8. Ao usar filtros apropriados, um algoritmo de subtracção possibilita 4 detectores PMT para adquirir sinais fluorescentes 5 no microambiente tumoral, simultaneamente 9. microscopia de alta resolução multiphoton intravital captura de imagem resolução única célula de interações tumor-estroma no microambiente tumoral, levando a uma melhor understanding da permeabilidade vascular e intravasamento célula tumoral 10-13. Especificamente, imagiologia intravital reveladas altamente localizadas transientes, eventos de permeabilidade vascular estendidos que ocorrem selectivamente em locais de interacção entre uma célula tumoral, um macrófago e uma célula endotelial (definido como o microambiente do tumor de metástase, TMEM 14) 13. Além disso, intravasation células tumorais ocorre apenas em TMEM e é espacialmente e temporalmente correlacionada com a permeabilidade vascular 13. resolução única célula da dinâmica destes eventos foi possível através do uso de microscopia multiphoton lapso de tempo prolongado de células com marcação fluorescente no microambiente tumoral.

<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" width="637">
	<tbody>
		<tr height="63">
			<td height="63" style="height:63px;width:248px;">155 kDa dextran-tetramethylrhodamine isothiocyanate</td>
			<td style="width:95px;">Sigma Aldrich</td>
			<td style="width:128px;">T1287</td>
			<td style="width:167px;">reconstitute at 20 mg/mL in 1 X PBS</td>
		</tr>
		<tr height="42">
			<td height="42" style="height:42px;width:248px;">70 kDa dextran-Texas Red</td>
			<td style="width:95px;">Life Technologies</td>
			<td style="width:128px;">D-1830</td>
			<td>reconstitute at 10 mg/mL in 1 X PBS</td>
		</tr>
		<tr height="42">
			<td height="42" style="height:42px;width:248px;">10 kDa dextran-fluorescein isothyocyanate</td>
			<td style="width:95px;">Sigma Aldrich</td>
			<td style="width:128px;">FD10S</td>
			<td>reconstitute at 20 mg/mL in 1 X PBS</td>
		</tr>
		<tr height="42">
			<td height="42" style="height:42px;width:248px;">Qdot 705 ITK Amino (PEG) Quantum Dots</td>
			<td style="width:95px;">Life Technologies</td>
			<td style="width:128px;">Q21561MP</td>
			<td>Dilute 25 uL in 175 uL of 1 X PBS for injection</td>
		</tr>
		<tr height="42">
			<td height="42" style="height:42px;width:248px;">MMTV-PyMT mice</td>
			<td style="width:95px;">Jackson Laboratory</td>
			<td align="right" style="width:128px;">2374</td>
			<td></td>
		</tr>
		<tr height="42">
			<td height="42" style="height:42px;width:248px;">Csf1r-ECFP mice (Csf1r-Gal4/VP16,UAS-ECFP)</td>
			<td style="width:95px;">Jackson Laboratory</td>
			<td align="right" style="width:128px;">26051</td>
			<td></td>
		</tr>
		<tr height="42">
			<td height="42" style="height:42px;width:248px;">Csf1r-EGFP mice</td>
			<td style="width:95px;">Jackson Laboratory</td>
			<td align="right" style="width:128px;">18549</td>
			<td></td>
		</tr>
		<tr height="42">
			<td height="42" style="height:42px;width:248px;">1 x PBS</td>
			<td style="width:95px;">Life Technologies</td>
			<td style="width:128px;"></td>
			<td></td>
		</tr>
		<tr height="63">
			<td height="63" style="height:63px;width:248px;">Isoethesia (isoflurane)</td>
			<td style="width:95px;">Henry Schein Animal Health</td>
			<td align="right" style="width:128px;">50033</td>
			<td>250 mL</td>
		</tr>
		<tr height="21">
			<td height="21" style="height:21px;width:248px;">Oxygen</td>
			<td style="width:95px;">AirTech</td>
			<td style="width:128px;"></td>
			<td></td>
		</tr>
		<tr height="21">
			<td height="21" style="height:21px;width:248px;">1 mL syringe, tuberculin slip tip</td>
			<td style="width:95px;">BD</td>
			<td align="right" style="width:128px;">309659</td>
			<td></td>
		</tr>
		<tr height="21">
			<td height="21" style="height:21px;width:248px;">30G x 1 (0.3 mm X 25 mm) needle</td>
			<td style="width:95px;">BD</td>
			<td align="right" style="width:128px;">305128</td>
			<td></td>
		</tr>
		<tr height="63">
			<td height="63" style="height:63px;width:248px;">Polyethylene micro medical tubing&#160;</td>
			<td style="width:95px;">Scientific Commodities Inc</td>
			<td style="width:128px;">BB31695-PE/1</td>
			<td>0.28 mm I.D. X 0.64 mm O.D.</td>
		</tr>
		<tr height="21">
			<td height="21" style="height:21px;width:248px;">Microscope coverglass</td>
			<td style="width:95px;">Corning</td>
			<td style="width:128px;">2980-225</td>
			<td>thickness 1.5, 22 X 50 mm</td>
		</tr>
		<tr height="42">
			<td height="42" style="height:42px;width:248px;">MouseOx oximeter, software and sensors</td>
			<td style="width:95px;">STARR Life Sciences</td>
			<td style="width:128px;"></td>
			<td></td>
		</tr>
		<tr height="42">
			<td height="42" style="height:42px;width:248px;">Laboratory tape</td>
			<td style="width:95px;">Fisher Scientific</td>
			<td style="width:128px;">159015R</td>
			<td></td>
		</tr>
		<tr height="42">
			<td height="42" style="height:42px;width:248px;">soft rubber pad</td>
			<td style="width:95px;">McMaster-Carr</td>
			<td>8514K62</td>
			<td>Ultra-Soft Polyurethane Film, 3/16&#8221; Thick, 12&#34; x 12&#34;, 40 Oo Durometer, Plain Back</td>
		</tr>
		<tr height="42">
			<td height="42" style="height:42px;width:248px;">hard rubber pad</td>
			<td style="width:95px;">McMaster-Carr</td>
			<td>8568K615</td>
			<td>High-Strength Neoprene Rubber Sheet 1/4&#34; Thick, 12&#34; X 12&#34;, 50A Durometer,</td>
		</tr>
		<tr height="21">
			<td height="21" style="height:21px;width:248px;">Microscope</td>
			<td style="width:95px;">Olympus</td>
			<td style="width:128px;"></td>
			<td>The microscope is a custom built two laser multiphoton microscope based on an Olympus IX-71 stand utilizing a 20x 1.05NA objective lens.&#160;</td>
		</tr>
		<tr height="42">
			<td height="42" style="height:42px;width:248px;">7-Punch set</td>
			<td style="width:95px;">McMaster-Carr</td>
			<td style="width:128px;">3429A12</td>
			<td>, 1/4&#34; to 1&#34; Hole Diameter, for Hammer-Driven Hole Punch,&#160;</td>
		</tr>
	</tbody>
</table>

extended time-lapse intravital imaging of real-time multicellular dynamics in the tumor microenvironment

In the tumor microenvironment, host stromal cells interact with tumor cells to promote tumor progression, angiogenesis, tumor cell dissemination and metastasis. Multicellular interactions in the tumor microenvironment can lead to transient events including directional tumor cell motility and vascular permeability. Quantification of tumor vascular permeability has frequently used end-point experiments to measure extravasation of vascular dyes. However, due to the transient nature of multicellular interactions and vascular permeability, the kinetics of these dynamic events cannot be discerned. By labeling cells and vasculature with injectable dyes or fluorescent proteins, high-resolution time-lapse intravital microscopy has allowed the direct, real-time visualization of transient events in the tumor microenvironment. Here we describe a method for using multiphoton microscopy to perform extended intravital imaging in live mice to directly visualize multicellular dynamics in the tumor microenvironment. This method details cellular labeling strategies, the surgical preparation of a mammary skin flap, the administration of injectable dyes or proteins by tail vein catheter and the acquisition of time-lapse images. The time-lapse sequences obtained from this method facilitate the visualization and quantitation of the kinetics of cellular events of motility and vascular permeability in the tumor microenvironment.

microscopia de lapso de tempo intravital estendida permite imagiologia resolução única célula de processos multicelulares no microambiente do tumor. Por células tumorais rotulagem fluorescente, macrófagos, do espaço vascular, e visualizando a rede de fibra de colagénio utilizando o segundo sinal de geração de harmónicas, vários compartimentos no microambiente tumoral são rastreados simultaneamente durante o exame. As células de tumor marcadas com proteínas fluorescentes po...

Watch this Scientific Journal Video about Extended Time-lapse Intravital Imaging of Real-time Multicellular Dynamics in the Tumor Microenvironment at JoVE.com

Extended Time-lapse Intravital Imaging of Real-time Multicellular Dynamics in the Tumor Microenvironment

Este protocolo descreve o uso de microscopia multifotônica para executar imagiologia prolongado de lapso de tempo de interacções multicelulares em tempo real, in vivo, a resolução de células simples.

Estendida Time-lapse Imagem intravital do Real-time multicelular Dynamics no microambiente tumoral

In the tumor microenvironment, host stromal cells interact with tumor cells to promote tumor progression, angiogenesis, tumor cell dissemination and ...

Research

JoVE Journal

Medicine

Multispectral Real-time Fluorescence Imaging for Intraoperative Detection of the Sentinel Lymph Node in Gynecologic Oncology

Imagens em tempo real multiespectrais de fluorescência para detecção intra-operatória do linfonodo sentinela em Oncologia Ginecológica

The prognosis in virtually all solid tumors depends on the presence or absence of lymph node metastases.1-3 Surgical treatment most often combines radical ...

Medicina

Evaluation of Nanoparticle Uptake in Tumors in Real Time Using Intravital Imaging

Avaliação de Captação de nanopartículas em tumores em tempo real usando imagens intravital

Current technologies for tumor imaging, such as ultrasound, MRI, PET and CT, are unable to yield high-resolution images for the assessment of nanoparticle ...

MAME Models for 4D Live-cell Imaging of Tumor: Microenvironment Interactions that Impact Malignant Progression

Modelos MAME para formação de imagens 4D Live-célula do tumor: Interações microambiente que a progressão de Impacto maligno

We have developed 3D coculture models, which we term MAME (mammary architecture and microenvironment engineering), and used them for live-cell imaging in ...

Real-time Digital Imaging of Leukocyte-endothelial Interaction in Ischemia-reperfusion Injury (IRI) of the Rat Cremaster Muscle

Real-time Digital Imaging of Leukocyte-endothelial Interaction in Ischemia-reperfusion Injury IRI of the Rat Cremaster Muscle

Real-time Digital Imaging de leucócito-endotélio Interação em isquemia-reperfusão (IRI) do músculo cremaster de rato

Ischemia-reperfusion injury (IRI) has been implicated in a large array of pathological conditions such as cerebral stroke, myocardial infarction, ...

Live Imaging of Drug Responses in the Tumor Microenvironment in Mouse Models of Breast Cancer

Viver de imagem de Respostas de drogas no microambiente tumoral em modelos do rato do cancro da mama

The tumor microenvironment plays a pivotal role in tumor initiation, progression, metastasis, and the response to anti-cancer therapies. Three-dimensional ...

Time-lapse Imaging of Primary Preneoplastic Mammary Epithelial Cells Derived from Genetically Engineered Mouse Models of Breast Cancer

Lapso de tempo de imagem de pré-neoplásicas primárias células epiteliais mamárias derivados de modelos de rato geneticamente modificado do cancro da mama

Time-lapse  imaging can be used to compare behavior of cultured primary preneoplastic  mammary epithelial cells derived from different genetically ...

Transplantation into the Anterior Chamber of the Eye for Longitudinal, Non-invasive In vivo Imaging with Single-cell Resolution in Real-time

Transplantation into the Anterior Chamber of the Eye for Longitudinal, Non-invasive In vivo Imaging with Single-cell Resolution in Real-time

Transplante para a câmara anterior do olho para longitudinal, não-invasivo<em&gt; Em vivo</em&gt; Imaging com uma única célula de resolução em tempo real

Intravital imaging has emerged as an indispensable tool in biological research.  In the process, many imaging techniques have been developed to study ...

Chemotherapy-induced Vascular Toxicity - Real-time In vivo Imaging of Vessel Impairment

Chemotherapy-induced Vascular Toxicity - Real-time In vivo Imaging of Vessel Impairment

Induzida pela quimioterapia Vascular Toxicidade - em tempo real<em&gt; In vivo</em&gt; Imagem de Impairment Vessel

Certain classes of chemotherapies may exert acute vascular changes that may progress into long-term conditions that may predispose the patient to an ...

Confocal Time Lapse Imaging as an Efficient Method for the Cytocompatibility Evaluation of Dental Composites

Confocal Time Lapse de imagem como um método eficiente para a Avaliação citocompatibilidade of Dental Composites

It is generally accepted that in vitro cell material interaction is a useful criterion in the evaluation of dental material biocompatibility. The ...

Real-time X-ray Imaging of Lung Fluid Volumes in Neonatal Mouse Lung

Imagens de raios-X em tempo real de pulmão volumes de fluido em Neonatal mouse Lung

At birth, the lung undergoes a profound phenotypic switch from secretion to absorption, which allows for adaptation to breathing independently. Promoting ...