Name: assessment of cardiac morphological and functional changes in mouse model of transverse aortic constriction by echocardiographic imaging
Uploaded: 2016-06-21T14:00:00
Description: Watch this Scientific Journal Video about Assessment of Cardiac Morphological and Functional Changes in Mouse Model of Transverse Aortic Constriction by Echocardiographic Imaging at JoVE.com

The authors have nothing to disclose.

Il protocollo segue le linee guida del Comitato Cura e uso istituzionale animali dell&#39;Università di Washington. 1. Procedura chirurgica e preparazione per l&#39;imaging <ol><li> Soggetto C57BL / 6 topi per TAC o la chirurgia sham come descritto in precedenza 10. </li><li> Una settimana dopo la TAC o la chirurgia sham, anestetizzare il mouse nella camera di induzione con il 2% isoflurano mescolato con 1 L / min O 2. Verificare il corretto anestesia per mancanza di...

<ol>
	<li>Rockman, H. A., et al. <a target="_blank" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?db=PubMed&cmd=Search&doptcmdl=Citation&defaultField=Title+Word&term=Segregation+of+atrial-specific+and+inducible+expression+of+an+atrial+natriuretic+factor+transgene+in+an+in+vivo+murine+model+of+cardiac+hypertrophy.">Segregation of atrial-specific and inducible expression of an atrial natriuretic factor transgene in an in vivo murine model of cardiac hypertrophy.</a> Proc Natl Acad Sci USA. 88 (18), 8277-8281 (1991).</li><li>Tanaka, N., et al. <a target="_blank" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?db=PubMed&cmd=Search&doptcmdl=Citation&defaultField=Title+Word&term=Transthoracic+echocardiography+in+models+of+cardiac+disease+in+the+mouse.">Transthoracic echocardiography in models of cardiac disease in the mouse.</a> Circulation. 94 (5), 1109-1117 (1996).</li><li>Patten, R. D., Hall-Porter, M. R. <a target="_blank" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?db=PubMed&cmd=Search&doptcmdl=Citation&defaultField=Title+Word&term=Small+animal+models+of+heart+failure:+development+of+novel+therapies,+past+and+present.">Small animal models of heart failure: development of novel therapies, past and present.</a> Circ Heart Fail. 2 (2), 138-144 (2009).</li><li>Heineke, J., Molkentin, J. D. <a target="_blank" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?db=PubMed&cmd=Search&doptcmdl=Citation&defaultField=Title+Word&term=Regulation+of+cardiac+hypertrophy+by+intracellular+signalling+pathways.">Regulation of cardiac hypertrophy by intracellular signalling pathways.</a> Nat Rev Mol Cell Biol. 7 (8), 589-600 (2006).</li><li>Oka, T., et al. <a target="_blank" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?db=PubMed&cmd=Search&doptcmdl=Citation&defaultField=Title+Word&term=Cardiac-specific+deletion+of+Gata4+reveals+its+requirement+for+hypertrophy,+compensation,+and+myocyte+viability.">Cardiac-specific deletion of Gata4 reveals its requirement for hypertrophy, compensation, and myocyte viability.</a> Circ Res. 98 (6), 837-845 (2006).</li><li>Gardin, J. M., Siri, F. M., Kitsis, R. N., Edwards, J. G., Leinwand, L. A. <a target="_blank" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?db=PubMed&cmd=Search&doptcmdl=Citation&defaultField=Title+Word&term=Echocardiographic+assessment+of+left+ventricular+mass+and+systolic+function+in+mice.">Echocardiographic assessment of left ventricular mass and systolic function in mice.</a> Circ Res. 76 (5), 907-914 (1995).</li><li>Respress, J. L., Wehrens, X. H. <a target="_blank" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?db=PubMed&cmd=Search&doptcmdl=Citation&defaultField=Title+Word&term=Transthoracic+echocardiography+in+mice.">Transthoracic echocardiography in mice.</a> J Vis Exp. (39), e1738 (2010).</li><li>Pistner, A., Belmonte, S., Coulthard, T., Blaxall, B. <a target="_blank" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?db=PubMed&cmd=Search&doptcmdl=Citation&defaultField=Title+Word&term=Murine+echocardiography+and+ultrasound+imaging.">Murine echocardiography and ultrasound imaging.</a> J Vis Exp. (42), e2100 (2010).</li><li>Patten, R. D., Aronovitz, M. J., Bridgman, P., Pandian, N. G. <a target="_blank" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?db=PubMed&cmd=Search&doptcmdl=Citation&defaultField=Title+Word&term=Use+of+pulse+wave+and+color+flow+Doppler+echocardiography+in+mouse+models+of+human+disease.">Use of pulse wave and color flow Doppler echocardiography in mouse models of human disease.</a> J Am Soc Echocardiogr. 15 (7), 708-714 (2002).</li><li>deAlmeida, A. C., van Oort, R. J., Wehrens, X. H. <a target="_blank" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?db=PubMed&cmd=Search&doptcmdl=Citation&defaultField=Title+Word&term=Transverse+aortic+constriction+in+mice.">Transverse aortic constriction in mice.</a> J Vis Exp. (38), e1729 (2010).</li><li>Pacher, P., Nagayama, T., Mukhopadhyay, P., B&#225;tkai, S., Kass, D. A. <a target="_blank" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?db=PubMed&cmd=Search&doptcmdl=Citation&defaultField=Title+Word&term=Measurement+of+cardiac+function+using+pressure-volume+conductance+catheter+technique+in+mice+and+rats.">Measurement of cardiac function using pressure-volume conductance catheter technique in mice and rats.</a> Nat Protoc. 3 (9), 1422-1434 (2008).</li><li>Larsen, T. S., et al. <a target="_blank" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?db=PubMed&cmd=Search&doptcmdl=Citation&defaultField=Title+Word&term=The+isolated+working+mouse+heart:+methodological+considerations.">The isolated working mouse heart: methodological considerations.</a> Pflugers Arch. 437 (6), 979-985 (1999).</li><li>Roth, D. M., Swaney, J. S., Dalton, N. D., Gilpin, E. A., Ross, J. <a target="_blank" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?db=PubMed&cmd=Search&doptcmdl=Citation&defaultField=Title+Word&term=Impact+of+anesthesia+on+cardiac+function+during+echocardiography+in+mice.">Impact of anesthesia on cardiac function during echocardiography in mice.</a> Am J Physiol Heart Circ Physiol. 282 (6), H2134-H2140 (2002).</li><li>Pearlman, A. S., Stevenson, J. G., Baker, D. W. <a target="_blank" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?db=PubMed&cmd=Search&doptcmdl=Citation&defaultField=Title+Word&term=Doppler+echocardiography:+applications,+limitations+and+future+directions.">Doppler echocardiography: applications, limitations and future directions.</a> Am J Cardiol. 46 (7), 1256-1262 (1980).</li><li>Bauer, M., et al. <a target="_blank" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?db=PubMed&cmd=Search&doptcmdl=Citation&defaultField=Title+Word&term=Echocardiographic+speckle-tracking+based+strain+imaging+for+rapid+cardiovascular+phenotyping+in+mice.">Echocardiographic speckle-tracking based strain imaging for rapid cardiovascular phenotyping in mice.</a> Circ Res. 108 (8), 908-916 (2011).</li></ol>

L&#39;ecocardiografia è stato ampiamente utilizzato per valutare la funzione cardiaca in modelli di roditori di malattie cardiache 2,6. Rispetto alle metodologie invasive o terminali, come la pressione-volume di misura del ciclo 11 e ex vivo di lavoro del cuore 12, l&#39;ecocardiografia fornisce un potente, strumento non invasivo per valutare i cambiamenti strutturali e funzionali cardiache in corso in animali viventi. Per ottenere dati affidabili, è importante mantenere la te...

Mouse models of heart disease, such as TAC and myocardial infarction (MI), have been proven to be valuable to study disease mechanisms as well as to develop novel therapeutic strategies3. TAC initially induces compensatory hypertrophy, but prolonged pressure overload leads to cardiac dilatation and heart failure4. The tightness of the aortic constriction directly determines the degree of cardiac hypertrophy and its transition to heart failure. Noninvasive and reliable measurement of pressure gradient across the aortic constriction is essential for the success of these studies. Doppler imaging has been used to assess pressure gradient produced by TAC5, which is a noninvasive alternative for catheter-based pressure measurement.
Echocardiography has been widely used to noninvasively measure cardiac morphology as well as systolic and diastolic function in mice6-8. Two-dimensional B-mode imaging is used to detect abnormal movements or structural changes of the heart. One-dimensional M-mode imaging is used for quantification of cardiac dimensions and contractility. Color and PW Doppler imaging has recently been used on rodent ultrasound, which has broad applications for echocardiography, including measurement of flow directionality and velocity, as well as systolic and diastolic performance9. 
Longitudinal real-time monitoring of cardiac function using echocardiography in B-mode, M-mode, color and PW Doppler mode provides comprehensive assessment of cardiac structure and function in mice under physiological and pathological conditions. Here we provide a detailed description of the use of echocardiographic imaging to monitor dynamic cardiac morphological and functional changes in mice following TAC or sham surgery.

<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" width="1022">
	<tbody>
		<tr height="41">
			<td height="41" style="height:41px;width:339px;">Anesthesia equipment</td>
			<td style="width:343px;">Harvard Apparatus, 84 October Hill Road 
			Holliston, MA</td>
			<td style="width:175px;">723015</td>
			<td style="width:167px;"></td>
		</tr>
		<tr height="40">
			<td height="40" style="height:40px;width:339px;">Vevo 2100 Imaging System</td>
			<td style="width:343px;">VisualSonics Inc., 3080 Yonge Street Suite 6100, Box 66, Toronto, Ontario, Canada</td>
			<td style="width:175px;">Vevo 2100</td>
			<td></td>
		</tr>
		<tr height="40">
			<td height="40" style="height:40px;width:339px;">Aquasonic ultrasound gel</td>
			<td style="width:343px;">Parker Laboratories, 286 Eldridge Rd, Fairfield, NJ&#160;</td>
			<td style="width:175px;">03-50</td>
			<td></td>
		</tr>
		<tr height="40">
			<td height="40" style="height:40px;width:339px;">Isoflurane</td>
			<td style="width:343px;">Piramal Healthcare, Inc, 3950 Schelden Circle 
			Bethlehem, PA&#160;</td>
			<td style="width:175px;">NDC 66794-017-25</td>
			<td></td>
		</tr>
		<tr height="40">
			<td height="40" style="height:40px;width:339px;">F/air anesthesia gas filter unit</td>
			<td style="width:343px;">A.M. Bickford, Inc, 12318 Big Tree Rd, Wales Center, NY&#160;</td>
			<td style="width:175px;">80120</td>
			<td></td>
		</tr>
	</tbody>
</table>

assessment of cardiac morphological and functional changes in mouse model of transverse aortic constriction by echocardiographic imaging

Transverse aortic constriction (TAC) in mice has been used as a valuable model to study mechanisms of cardiac hypertrophy and heart failure1. A reliable noninvasive method is essential to assess real-time cardiac morphological and functional changes in animal models of heart disease. Transthoracic echocardiography represents an important tool for noninvasive assessment of cardiac structure and function2. Here we used a high-resolution ultrasound imaging system to monitor myocardial remodeling and heart failure progression over time in a mouse model of TAC. B-mode, M-mode, and Doppler imaging were used to precisely assess cardiac hypertrophy, ventricular dilatation, and functional deterioration in mice following TAC. Color and pulse wave (PW) Doppler imaging was used to noninvasively measure pressure gradient across the aortic constriction created by TAC and to assess transmitral blood flow in mice. Thus transthoracic echocardiographic imaging provides comprehensive noninvasive measurements of cardiac dimensions and function in mouse models of heart disease.

La figura 1 mostra le immagini B-mode della vista aortico del cuore del mouse sottoposti a sham (Figura 1A) o la chirurgia TAC (Figura 1B). L&#39;arco aortico, arteria anonima, ha lasciato l&#39;arteria carotide comune, e l&#39;arteria succlavia sinistra sono mostrati. Si noti che costrizione aortica è chiaramente visibile nel TAC, ma non sham cuore. Immagini Color Doppler da vista aortica sono mostrati nella Figura 2A....

Watch this Scientific Journal Video about Assessment of Cardiac Morphological and Functional Changes in Mouse Model of Transverse Aortic Constriction by Echocardiographic Imaging at JoVE.com

Assessment of Cardiac Morphological and Functional Changes in Mouse Model of Transverse Aortic Constriction by Echocardiographic Imaging

L&#39;obiettivo di questo protocollo è quello di valutare in modo non invasivo i cambiamenti strutturali e funzionali cardiaci in un modello murino della malattia di cuore creato da trasversali costrizione aortica, con B e M-mode ecocardiografia e colore / impulsi di imaging onda Doppler.

Valutazione del Cardiac morfologiche e funzionali Variazioni modello murino di trasversale aortica costrizione da parte ecocardiografica Imaging

Transverse aortic constriction (TAC) in mice has been used as a valuable model to study mechanisms of cardiac hypertrophy and heart failure1. A reliable ...

Research

JoVE Journal

Medicine

Echocardiographic Assessment of the Right Heart in Mice

La valutazione ecocardiografica del cuore destro in topi

Transgenic and toxic models of pulmonary arterial hypertension (PAH) are widely used to study the pathophysiology of PAH and to investigate potential ...

Ricerca

Medicina

Ascending Aortic Constriction in Rats for Creation of Pressure Overload Cardiac Hypertrophy Model

Crescente aortica Costrizione in ratti per la creazione di sovraccarico di pressione cardiaca Ipertrofia Modello

Ascending aortic constriction is the most common and successful surgical model for creating pressure overload induced cardiac hypertrophy and heart ...

Assessment of Right Ventricular Structure and Function in Mouse Model of Pulmonary Artery Constriction by Transthoracic Echocardiography

Valutazione del ventricolo destro Struttura e funzione in modello murino di polmonare Arteria Costrizione da ecocardiografia transtoracica

Emerging clinical data support the notion that RV dysfunction is critical to the pathogenesis of cardiovascular disease and heart failure1-3. Moreover, ...

Noninvasive Assessment of Cardiac Abnormalities in Experimental Autoimmune Myocarditis by Magnetic Resonance Microscopy Imaging in the Mouse

La valutazione non invasiva della Cardiac Anomalie in Experimental Autoimmune miocardite da Risonanza Magnetica Imaging Microscopy nel mouse

Myocarditis is an inflammation of the myocardium, but only ~10% of those affected show clinical manifestations of the disease. To study the immune events ...

A Model of Cardiac Remodeling Through Constriction of the Abdominal Aorta in Rats

Un modello di rimodellamento cardiaco Attraverso Costrizione del Aorta addominale in Rats

Heart failure is one of the leading causes of death worldwide. It is a complex clinical syndromethat includes fatigue, dyspnea, exercise intolerance, and ...

Minimally Invasive Transverse Aortic Constriction in Mice

Minimamente invasiva trasversale aortica costrizione nei topi

Minimally invasive transverse aortic constriction (MTAC) is a more desirable method for the constriction of the transverse aorta in mice than standard ...

Echocardiographic and Histological Examination of Cardiac Morphology in the Mouse

Esame ecocardiografico ed istologico della morfologia cardiaca nel topo

An increasing number of genetically modified mouse models has become available in recent years. Moreover, the number of pharmacological studies performed ...

Technique of Minimally Invasive Transverse Aortic Constriction in Mice for Induction of Left Ventricular Hypertrophy

Tecnica di costrizione aortico trasversale mininvasiva in topi per induzione dell'ipertrofia ventricolare sinistra

Transverse aortic constriction (TAC) in mice is one of the most commonly used surgical techniques for experimental investigation of pressure ...

A Closed-chest Model to Induce Transverse Aortic Constriction in Mice

Un modello chiuso-cassa per indurre costrizione trasversale aortica in topi

Research on cardiac hypertrophy and heart failure is frequently based on pressure overload mouse models induced by TAC. The standard procedure is to ...

Echocardiographic Assessment of Cardiac Anatomy and Function in Adult Rats

Valutazione ecocardiografica dell'anatomia e della funzione cardiaca nei ratti adulti

The use of experimental animal models has become crucial in cardiovascular science. Most studies using rodent models are focused on two-dimensional ...