Name: synthesis of wavelength-shifting dna hybridization probes by using photostable cyanine dyes
Uploaded: 2016-07-06T13:00:00
Description: Watch this Scientific Journal Video about Synthesis of Wavelength-shifting DNA Hybridization Probes by Using Photostable Cyanine Dyes at JoVE.com

Økonomisk støtte fra Deutsche Forschungsgemeinschaft (DFG, Wa 1386 / 17-1), Research Training Group GRK 2039 (finansieret af DFG) og KIT er taknemmeligt anerkendt.

Forsigtig: Se venligst alle relevante materiale sikkerhedsdatablade (MSDS) før brug. Flere af de kemikalier, der anvendes i disse synteser er giftige og kræftfremkaldende. Brug venligst alle passende sikkerhedsforanstaltninger, der typisk kræves i organisk kemi laboratorier, såsom iført en kittel, beskyttelsesbriller og handsker. 1. Syntese af farvestofferne Bemærk: Begge farvestoffer kan syntetiseres ved de samme typer af reaktion Figur 2 vi...

<ol>
	<li>Kobayashi, H., Ogawa, M., Alford, R., Choyke, P. L., Urano, Y. <a target="_blank" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?db=PubMed&cmd=Search&doptcmdl=Citation&defaultField=Title+Word&term=New+strategies+for+fluorescent+probe+design+in+medical+diagnostic+imaging.">New strategies for fluorescent probe design in medical diagnostic imaging.</a> Chem Rev. 110 (5), 2620-2640 (2010).</li><li>Berezin, M. Y., Achilefu, S. <a target="_blank" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?db=PubMed&cmd=Search&doptcmdl=Citation&defaultField=Title+Word&term=Fluorescence+Lifetime+Measurements+and+Biological+Imaging.">Fluorescence Lifetime Measurements and Biological Imaging.</a> Chem. Rev. 110 (5), 2641-2684 (2010).</li><li>Lee, J. S., Vendrell, M., Chang, Y. 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A. <a target="_blank" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?db=PubMed&cmd=Search&doptcmdl=Citation&defaultField=Title+Word&term=#34;DNA+Traffic+Lights&amp;#34;:+Concept+of+Wavelength-Shifting+DNA+Probes+and+Application+in+an+Aptasensor.">#34;DNA Traffic Lights&amp;#34;: Concept of Wavelength-Shifting DNA Probes and Application in an Aptasensor.</a> ChemBioChem. 13 (8), 1136-1138 (2012).</li><li>Holzhauser, C., Wagenknecht, H. A. <a target="_blank" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?db=PubMed&cmd=Search&doptcmdl=Citation&defaultField=Title+Word&term=DNA+and+RNA+&amp;#34;Traffic+Lights&amp;#34;:+Synthetic+Wavelength-Shifting+Fluorescent+Probes+Based+on+Nucleic+Acid+Base+Substitutes+for+Molecular+Imaging.">DNA and RNA &amp;#34;Traffic Lights&amp;#34;: Synthetic Wavelength-Shifting Fluorescent Probes Based on Nucleic Acid Base Substitutes for Molecular Imaging.</a> J. Org. Chem. 78 (15), 7373-7379 (2013).</li><li>Berndl, S., Wagenknecht, H. A. <a target="_blank" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?db=PubMed&cmd=Search&doptcmdl=Citation&defaultField=Title+Word&term=Fluorescent+Color+Readout+of+DNA+Hybridization+with+Thiazole+Orange+as+an+Artificial+DNA+Base.">Fluorescent Color Readout of DNA Hybridization with Thiazole Orange as an Artificial DNA Base.</a> Angew. Chem. Int. Ed. 48 (13), 2418-2421 (2009).</li><li>Bohl&#228;nder, P. R., Wagenknecht, H. A. <a target="_blank" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?db=PubMed&cmd=Search&doptcmdl=Citation&defaultField=Title+Word&term=Synthesis+of+a+Photostable+Energy-Transfer+Pair+for+&amp;#34;DNA+Traffic+Lights&amp;#34.">Synthesis of a Photostable Energy-Transfer Pair for &amp;#34;DNA Traffic Lights&amp;#34.</a> Eur. J. Org. Chem. 34, 7547-7551 (2014).</li><li>Walter, H. K., Bohl&#228;nder, P. R., Wagenknecht, H. 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Denne protokol viser den fuldstændige procedure til at mærke DNA post-syntetisk via CuAAC af azid-modificerede fluorescerende farvestoffer. Dette omfatter syntesen af ​​farvestofferne og alkyn-modificeret DNA samt proceduren mærkning. Syntesen af ​​farvestofferne følger fire trin. Alle produkter kan opnås ved en ret simpel udfældning på grund af deres positive ladning og der kræves ikke tidskrævende søjlekromatografi. Indførelsen af ​​azidet funktionaliteter ved den ce...

Molekylær billeddannelse er en grundlæggende teknik til at forstå biologiske processer i levende celler. 1-3 Udviklingen af fluorescerende nukleinsyre baserede prober til sådanne kemiske-biologiske applikationer er blevet en ekspanderende forskningsområde. Disse fluorescerende prober skal opfylde nogle krav for at blive egnede værktøjer til cell imaging. For det første bør de anvendte farvestoffer udviser fluorescens med høj kvante udbytter, stor Stokes &#39;skift og, vigtigst af alt, høje photostabilities at tillade langsigtet in vivo imaging. Og for det andet skal de vise en pålidelig fluorescens udlæsning. Konventionel kromofor-quencher-systemer er baseret på udlæsningen af en enkelt fluorescens farve ved simple ændringer i fluorescensintensiteter. 4 Denne model en risiko for falske positive eller falske negative resultater på grund af autofluorescens af intracellulære komponenter eller lave signal-til-støj-forhold på grund af uønsket quenching af andre comnenter. 4 Vi har for nylig rapporteret om begrebet &quot;DNA trafiklys&quot;, der viser dobbelt fluorescens farve udlæsninger ved hjælp af to forskellige kromoforer. 5-6 Konceptet er baseret på energioverførsel (ET) fra donor farvestof til acceptor farvestof, som ændrer fluorescens farve (se figur 1). Dette giver en mere pålidelig udlæsning og dermed giver et kraftfuldt værktøj til fluorescerende billeddannelse sonder. Mærkning af oligonukleotider med fluorescerende farvestoffer kan opnås ved to forskellige fremgangsmåder. Farvestoffer kan inkorporeres under den kemiske DNA-syntese på en fast fase ved anvendelse af tilsvarende modificerede phosphoramidit byggesten. 7 Denne fremgangsmåde er begrænset til farvestoffer, der er stabilt under standard phosphoramidit og afbeskyttelsesbetingelser. Som et alternativ, blev post-syntetiske modifikation metodikker etableret i oligonukleotidkemi. Her demonstrerer vi syntesen af ​​en af ​​vores nye billedertabel energioverførsel par 8,9 og post-syntetisk mærkning af DNA ved hjælp af kobber-katalyseret 1,3-cycloaddition mellem azider og alkyner (CuAAC). 10

<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" width="885">
	<tbody>
		<tr height="20">
			<td height="20" style="height:20px;width:409px;">synthesis</td>
			<td style="width:180px;"></td>
			<td style="width:132px;"></td>
			<td style="width:164px;"></td>
		</tr>
		<tr height="20">
			<td height="20" style="height:20px;">4-Picoline</td>
			<td>Sigma Aldrich</td>
			<td>239615</td>
			<td></td>
		</tr>
		<tr height="20">
			<td height="20" style="height:20px;">1,3-Diiodopropane</td>
			<td>Sigma Aldrich</td>
			<td>238414</td>
			<td></td>
		</tr>
		<tr height="20">
			<td height="20" style="height:20px;">Acetonitrile</td>
			<td>Fisher Scientific</td>
			<td>10660131</td>
			<td>HPLC grade</td>
		</tr>
		<tr height="20">
			<td height="20" style="height:20px;">Ethyl acetate</td>
			<td>Fisher Scientific</td>
			<td>10456870</td>
			<td>technical grade</td>
		</tr>
		<tr height="20">
			<td height="20" style="height:20px;">Sodium azide</td>
			<td>Sigma Aldrich</td>
			<td>71290</td>
			<td>p.a. grade</td>
		</tr>
		<tr height="20">
			<td height="20" style="height:20px;">Dichloromethane</td>
			<td>Fisher Scientific</td>
			<td>10626642</td>
			<td>technical grade</td>
		</tr>
		<tr height="20">
			<td height="20" style="height:20px;">Indole-3-carboxaldehyde; 98%</td>
			<td>ABCR</td>
			<td>AB112969</td>
			<td></td>
		</tr>
		<tr height="20">
			<td height="20" style="height:20px;">Potassium carbonate, 99+%</td>
			<td>Acros</td>
			<td>424081000</td>
			<td></td>
		</tr>
		<tr height="20">
			<td height="20" style="height:20px;">dimethylcarbonate</td>
			<td>Sigma Aldrich</td>
			<td>517127</td>
			<td></td>
		</tr>
		<tr height="20">
			<td height="20" style="height:20px;">N,N-Dimethylformamide, 99.8%, Extra Dry over Molecular Sieve</td>
			<td>Acros</td>
			<td>348435000</td>
			<td></td>
		</tr>
		<tr height="20">
			<td height="20" style="height:20px;">Sodium sulfate</td>
			<td>Bernd Kraft</td>
			<td>12623.46</td>
			<td></td>
		</tr>
		<tr height="20">
			<td height="20" style="height:20px;">Ethanol, 99.5%</td>
			<td>Acros</td>
			<td>397690010</td>
			<td></td>
		</tr>
		<tr height="20">
			<td height="20" style="height:20px;">Piperidine, 99%</td>
			<td>Acros</td>
			<td>147181000</td>
			<td></td>
		</tr>
		<tr height="20">
			<td height="20" style="height:20px;">Diethylether</td>
			<td>Fisher Scientific</td>
			<td>10407830</td>
			<td>technical grade</td>
		</tr>
		<tr height="20">
			<td height="20" style="height:20px;">2-Phenylindole-3-carboxaldehyde; 97%</td>
			<td>ABCR</td>
			<td>AB125050</td>
			<td></td>
		</tr>
		<tr height="20">
			<td height="20" style="height:20px;">4-Methylquinoline</td>
			<td>ABCR</td>
			<td>AB117222</td>
			<td></td>
		</tr>
		<tr height="20">
			<td height="20" style="height:20px;">DNA synthesis</td>
			<td></td>
			<td></td>
			<td></td>
		</tr>
		<tr height="20">
			<td height="20" style="height:20px;">Expedite 8909 Nucleic Acid Synthesizer</td>
			<td>Applied Biosystems</td>
			<td>&#160;-</td>
			<td></td>
		</tr>
		<tr height="20">
			<td height="20" style="height:20px;">DMT-dA(bz) Phosphoramidite</td>
			<td>Sigma Aldrich</td>
			<td>A111081</td>
			<td></td>
		</tr>
		<tr height="20">
			<td height="20" style="height:20px;">DMT-dT Phosphoramidite</td>
			<td>Sigma Aldrich</td>
			<td>T111081</td>
			<td></td>
		</tr>
		<tr height="20">
			<td height="20" style="height:20px;">DMT-dG(dmf) Phosphoramidite</td>
			<td>Sigma Aldrich</td>
			<td>G11508</td>
			<td></td>
		</tr>
		<tr height="20">
			<td height="20" style="height:20px;">DMT-dC(bz) Phosphoramidite</td>
			<td>Sigma Aldrich</td>
			<td>C11108</td>
			<td></td>
		</tr>
		<tr height="20">
			<td height="20" style="height:20px;">Amidite Diluent for DNA synthesis</td>
			<td>Sigma Aldrich</td>
			<td>L010010</td>
			<td></td>
		</tr>
		<tr height="20">
			<td height="20" style="height:20px;">Ultrapure Acetonitrile for DNA synthesis</td>
			<td>Sigma Aldrich</td>
			<td>L010400</td>
			<td></td>
		</tr>
		<tr height="20">
			<td height="20" style="height:20px;">Cap A</td>
			<td>Sigma Aldrich</td>
			<td>L840000</td>
			<td></td>
		</tr>
		<tr height="20">
			<td height="20" style="height:20px;">Cap B</td>
			<td>Sigma Aldrich</td>
			<td>L850000</td>
			<td></td>
		</tr>
		<tr height="20">
			<td height="20" style="height:20px;">CPG dT Column 1.0 &#181;mole</td>
			<td>Proligo Reagents</td>
			<td>T461010</td>
			<td></td>
		</tr>
		<tr height="20">
			<td height="20" style="height:20px;">CPG dA(bz) Column 1.0 &#181;mole</td>
			<td>Proligo Reagents</td>
			<td>A461010</td>
			<td></td>
		</tr>
		<tr height="20">
			<td height="20" style="height:20px;">CPG dG(ib) Column 1.0 &#181;mole</td>
			<td>Proligo Reagents</td>
			<td>G461010</td>
			<td></td>
		</tr>
		<tr height="20">
			<td height="20" style="height:20px;">CPG dC(bz) Column 1.0 &#181;mole</td>
			<td>Proligo Reagents</td>
			<td>C461010</td>
			<td></td>
		</tr>
		<tr height="20">
			<td height="20" style="height:20px;">ammonia (aqueous solution)&#160;</td>
			<td>Fluka Analytical</td>
			<td>318612</td>
			<td></td>
		</tr>
		<tr height="20">
			<td height="20" style="height:20px;">centrifugal devices nanosep 0.45 &#181;m</td>
			<td>Pall</td>
			<td>ODGHPC34</td>
			<td></td>
		</tr>
		<tr height="20">
			<td height="20" style="height:20px;">5-(Benzylthio)-1H-tetrazole (Activator)</td>
			<td>Sigma Aldrich</td>
			<td>75666</td>
			<td></td>
		</tr>
		<tr height="20">
			<td height="20" style="height:20px;">2&#39;-O-propargyl deoxyuridinephosphoramidite</td>
			<td>Chem Genes</td>
			<td>ANP-7754</td>
			<td></td>
		</tr>
		<tr height="20">
			<td height="20" style="height:20px;">workup</td>
			<td></td>
			<td></td>
			<td></td>
		</tr>
		<tr height="20">
			<td height="20" style="height:20px;">vacuum concentrator</td>
			<td>Christ</td>
			<td></td>
			<td></td>
		</tr>
		<tr height="20">
			<td height="20" style="height:20px;">clicking procedure</td>
			<td></td>
			<td></td>
			<td></td>
		</tr>
		<tr height="20">
			<td height="20" style="height:20px;">Tetrakis(acetonitrile)copper(I) hexafluorophosphate</td>
			<td>Sigma Aldrich</td>
			<td>346276</td>
			<td></td>
		</tr>
		<tr height="20">
			<td height="20" style="height:20px;">Sodium acetate</td>
			<td>Sigma Aldrich</td>
			<td>S2889</td>
			<td></td>
		</tr>
		<tr height="20">
			<td height="20" style="height:20px;">(+)-Sodium L-ascorbate</td>
			<td>Sigma Aldrich</td>
			<td>A7631</td>
			<td></td>
		</tr>
		<tr height="20">
			<td height="20" style="height:20px;">EDTA disodium salt</td>
			<td>Sigma Aldrich</td>
			<td>E5134</td>
			<td></td>
		</tr>
		<tr height="20">
			<td height="20" style="height:20px;">TBTA-ligand</td>
			<td>&#160;-</td>
			<td>&#160;-</td>
			<td>synthesized according to a literature procedure [1]</td>
		</tr>
		<tr height="20">
			<td height="20" style="height:20px;">HPLC</td>
			<td></td>
			<td></td>
			<td></td>
		</tr>
		<tr height="20">
			<td height="20" style="height:20px;">HPLC-system</td>
			<td>Shimadzu</td>
			<td></td>
			<td></td>
		</tr>
		<tr height="20">
			<td height="20" style="height:20px;">MALDI-Biflex-IV spectrometer</td>
			<td>Bruker Daltonics</td>
			<td></td>
			<td></td>
		</tr>
		<tr height="20">
			<td height="20" style="height:20px;">LC-318 C18 column</td>
			<td>Supelcosil via Sigma Aldrich</td>
			<td>58368</td>
			<td></td>
		</tr>
		<tr height="20">
			<td height="20" style="height:20px;">determination of concentration</td>
			<td></td>
			<td></td>
			<td></td>
		</tr>
		<tr height="20">
			<td height="20" style="height:20px;">ND 1000 Spectrophotometer</td>
			<td>nanodrop</td>
			<td></td>
			<td></td>
		</tr>
		<tr height="20">
			<td height="20" style="height:20px;">sample preparation and spectroscopy</td>
			<td></td>
			<td></td>
			<td></td>
		</tr>
		<tr height="20">
			<td height="20" style="height:20px;">Cary 100 Bio</td>
			<td>Varian</td>
			<td></td>
			<td></td>
		</tr>
		<tr height="20">
			<td height="20" style="height:20px;">Fluoromax-3 fluorimeter</td>
			<td>Jobin-Yvon</td>
			<td></td>
			<td></td>
		</tr>
		<tr height="20">
			<td height="20" style="height:20px;"></td>
			<td></td>
			<td></td>
			<td></td>
		</tr>
		<tr height="60">
			<td height="60" style="height:60px;width:409px;">[1] R. Chan Timothy, R. Hilgraf, K. B. Sharpless, V. Fokin Valery, Org Lett 2004, 6, 2853-2855.</td>
			<td></td>
			<td></td>
			<td></td>
		</tr>
	</tbody>
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synthesis of wavelength-shifting dna hybridization probes by using photostable cyanine dyes

I denne protokol, viser vi en fremgangsmåde til syntese af 2&#39;-alkyn modificeret deoxyribonukleinsyre (DNA) strenge ved automatiseret fastfasesyntese under anvendelse af standard phosphoramiditkemi. Oligonucleotider post-syntetisk mærket med to nye fotostabile cyaninfarvestoffer anvendelse af kobber-katalyseret click-kemi. Syntesen af ​​både donoren og acceptoren farvestof er beskrevet og udføres i tre på hinanden følgende trin. Med DNA som den omgivende arkitektur, disse to farvestoffer gennemgå en energioverførsel, når de bringes i tæt nærhed ved hybridisering. Derfor er annealing af to enkeltstrengede DNA-strenge visualiseret ved en ændring af fluorescens farve. Denne farveændring er kendetegnet ved fluorescensspektroskopi men kan også observeres direkte ved hjælp af en håndholdt ultraviolet (UV) lampe. Begrebet en dobbelt fluorescens farve udlæsning gør disse oligonukleotidprober fremragende værktøjer til molekylær billeddannelse, især når den beskrevne photostable farvestoffer anvendes. Derved fotoblegning af de billeddannende prober forhindres, og biologiske processer kan observeres i realtid i en længere tidsperiode.

Absorption og fluorescens spektre af enkelt- og dobbeltstrenget DNA, registreres som vist i figur 4. Den indspillede absorptionsspektre (figur 4 til højre) viser absorptionsmaksima λ max ved 465 nm for enkeltstrenget DNA1 (farvestof 1) og 546 nm for enkeltstrenget DNA2 (farvestof 2). Det annealede DNA1_2 (farvestof 1 &amp; farvestof 2) viser maksima ved både 469 nm og 567 nm. Bå...

Watch this Scientific Journal Video about Synthesis of Wavelength-shifting DNA Hybridization Probes by Using Photostable Cyanine Dyes at JoVE.com

Synthesis of Wavelength-shifting DNA Hybridization Probes by Using Photostable Cyanine Dyes

Photostable cyanine dyes are attached to oligonucleotides to monitor hybridization by energy transfer.

Syntese af bølgelængden-shifting DNA hybridiseringsprober ved hjælp fotostabile cyaninfarvestoffer

In this protocol, we demonstrate a method for the synthesis of 2&#39;-alkyne modified deoxyribonucleic acid (DNA) strands by automated solid phase ...

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Selective Labelling of Cell-surface Proteins using CyDye DIGE Fluor Minimal Dyes

Surface  proteins are central to the cell's ability to react to its environment and to interact with neighboring cells. They are known to be inducers of ...

Generation of RNA/DNA Hybrids in Genomic DNA by Transformation using RNA-containing Oligonucleotides

Synthetic short nucleic acid polymers, oligonucleotides (oligos), are the most functional and widespread tools of molecular biology. Oligos can be ...

DNA Microarrays: Sample Quality Control, Array Hybridization and Scanning

Microarray expression profiling of the nervous system provides a powerful approach to identifying gene activities in different stages of development, ...

Determination of Lipid Raft Partitioning of Fluorescently-tagged Probes in Living Cells by Fluorescence Correlation Spectroscopy (FCS)

Determination of Lipid Raft Partitioning of Fluorescently-tagged Probes in Living Cells by Fluorescence Correlation Spectroscopy FCS

Bestemmelse af lipidklump opdeling af fluorescens-mærkede prober i levende celler ved fluorescenskorrelationsspektroskopi (FCS)

In the past fifteen years the notion that cell membranes are not homogenous and rely on microdomains to exert their functions has become widely accepted. ...

Detection of Viral RNA by Fluorescence in situ Hybridization (FISH)

Detection of Viral RNA by Fluorescence in situ Hybridization FISH

Påvisning af viralt RNA ved fluorescens<em&gt; In situ</em&gt; Hybridisering (FISH)

Viruses  that infect cells elicit specific changes to normal cell functions which serve  to divert energy and resources for viral replication. Many ...

High-throughput Physical Mapping of Chromosomes using Automated in situ Hybridization

High-throughput Physical Mapping of Chromosomes using Automated in situ Hybridization

High-throughput fysisk kortlægning af kromosomer under anvendelse Automatiseret<em&gt; In situ</em&gt; Hybridisering

Projects to obtain whole-genome sequences for 10,000 vertebrate species1 and for 5,000 insect and related arthropod species2 are expected to take place ...

Robust 3D DNA FISH Using Directly Labeled Probes

Robust 3D DNA FISH Brug Direkte mærkede prober

3D DNA FISH has become a major tool for  analyzing three-dimensional organization of the nucleus, and several variations  of the technique have been ...

Real-time Imaging of Single Engineered RNA Transcripts in Living Cells Using Ratiometric Bimolecular Beacons

Real-time Imaging af Single Engineered RNA-transkripter i levende celler Brug Ratiometrisk bimolekylær Beacons

The growing realization that both the temporal and spatial regulation of gene expression can have important consequences on cell function has led to the ...

Studying DNA Looping by Single-Molecule FRET

Studere DNA Looping af Single-Molecule FRET

Bending of double-stranded DNA (dsDNA) is associated with many important biological processes such as DNA-protein recognition and DNA packaging into ...

Simple Method for Fluorescence DNA In Situ Hybridization to Squashed Chromosomes

Simple Method for Fluorescence DNA In Situ Hybridization to Squashed Chromosomes

Enkle metode til fluorescens DNA<em&gt; In Situ</em&gt; Hybridisering til mast kromosomer

DNA in situ hybridization (DNA ISH) is a commonly used method for mapping sequences to specific chromosome regions. This approach is particularly ...