Name: simultaneous recording of electroretinography and visual evoked potentials in anesthetized rats
Uploaded: 2016-07-01T14:00:00
Description: Watch this Scientific Journal Video about Simultaneous Recording of Electroretinography and Visual Evoked Potentials in Anesthetized Rats at JoVE.com

Funding for this project was provided by the National Health and Medical Research Council (NHMRC) 1046203 (BVB, AJV) and Melbourne Neuroscience Institute Fellowship (CTN).

Toutes les procédures expérimentales ont été réalisées selon le Code australien de pratiques pour le soin et l&#39;utilisation des animaux à des fins scientifiques, établi par le Conseil de recherches médicales Santé nationale et en Australie. clairance éthique a été obtenue à partir de l&#39;Université de Melbourne, Faculté des Sciences, Comité d&#39;éthique des animaux (numéro d&#39;homologation 0911322,1). 1. Pré-implantation chronique VEP Electrodes Remarque: Si des signaux ERG et V...

<ol>
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L., Gupta, N. <a target="_blank" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?db=PubMed&cmd=Search&doptcmdl=Citation&defaultField=Title+Word&term=Effects+of+retinal+ganglion+cell+loss+on+magno-,+parvo-,+koniocellular+pathways+in+the+lateral+geniculate+nucleus+and+visual+cortex+in+glaucoma.">Effects of retinal ganglion cell loss on magno-, parvo-, koniocellular pathways in the lateral geniculate nucleus and visual cortex in glaucoma.</a> Prog Retin Eye Res. 22, 465-481 (2003).</li><li>Gupta, N., Yucel, Y. H. <a target="_blank" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?db=PubMed&cmd=Search&doptcmdl=Citation&defaultField=Title+Word&term=What+changes+can+we+expect+in+the+brain+of+glaucoma+patients.">What changes can we expect in the brain of glaucoma patients.</a> Survey of Ophthalmology. 52, 122-126 (2007).</li><li>Kong, Y. X., et al. <a target="_blank" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?db=PubMed&cmd=Search&doptcmdl=Citation&defaultField=Title+Word&term=Impact+of+aging+and+diet+restriction+on+retinal+function+during+and+after+acute+intraocular+pressure+injury.">Impact of aging and diet restriction on retinal function during and after acute intraocular pressure injury.</a> Neurobiol Aging. 33, 1115-1125 (2012).</li><li>Bui, B. V., Sinclair, A. J., Vingrys, A. J. <a target="_blank" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?db=PubMed&cmd=Search&doptcmdl=Citation&defaultField=Title+Word&term=Electroretinograms+of+albino+and+pigmented+guinea-pigs+(Cavia+porcellus).">Electroretinograms of albino and pigmented guinea-pigs (Cavia porcellus).</a> Aust N Z J Ophthalmol. 26, 98-100 (1998).</li><li>Jobling, A. I., Wan, R., Gentle, A., Bui, B. V., McBrien, N. 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L&#39;ERG et VEP sont des mesures objectives de la fonction visuelle de la rétine et du cortex, respectivement. L&#39;avantage de l&#39;enregistrement simultané est qu&#39;une vision plus globale de l&#39;ensemble de la voie visuelle est assurée. Plus précisément, les informations complémentaires de leur évaluation simultanée pourrait fournir une délimitation plus claire du site de la lésion dans la voie visuelle (par exemple, pour les troubles qui se chevauchent encore ERG distincte VEP manifestation...

Mesure de l&#39;électrorétinogramme (ERG) et potentiel évoqué visuel (VEP) fournir des évaluations quantitatives utiles de l&#39;intégrité de la voie visuelle. L&#39;ERG mesure les réponses électriques de la rétine à une stimulation lumineuse, tandis que la VEP mesure l&#39;intégrité fonctionnelle correspondante des voies visuelles de la rétine au cortex visuel primaire suivant le même événement lumière. Ce manuscrit décrit un protocole pour l&#39;enregistrement et l&#39;analyse des réponses ERG et VEP dans un modèle de laboratoire couramment utilisé, le rat. L&#39;ERG fournit un indice de l&#39;intégrité fonctionnelle d&#39;un certain nombre de classes clés de cellules rétiniennes en quantifiant réponse électrique brute de la rétine à un flash de lumière. Une série coordonnée des flux ioniques initiée par l&#39;apparition de lumière et de décalage, produire des changements détectables dans la tension qui peut être mesurée en utilisant des électrodes de surface placées à l&#39;extérieur de l&#39;œil. La forme d&#39;onde résultante représente la combinaison d&#39;un soiries de composants bien définis, différents en amplitude, le calendrier et la fréquence. Un important corpus de recherche a montré que ces composants sont relativement bien conservés dans de nombreux rétines vertébrés et que les composants peuvent être séparés les uns des autres. En choisissant judicieusement le stimulus (flash stimulus, fond, intervalle interstimulus) conditions et en choisissant des caractéristiques spécifiques de la forme d&#39; onde composite à analyser , on peut être sûr de retourner une mesure d&#39;un groupe spécifique de cellules rétiniennes 1,2. Ces caractéristiques sous-tendent l&#39;utilité et donc les applications répandues de l&#39;ERG en tant que mesure non-invasive de la fonction de la rétine. Ce manuscrit se concentre sur la méthodologie de mesure de l&#39;ERG et l&#39;analyse de ses caractéristiques pour renvoyer des informations sur certaines des principales classes de cellules de la rétine, à savoir photorécepteurs (la composante PIII), les cellules bipolaires (la composante PII) et les cellules ganglionnaires de la rétine (le positif seuil de réponse scotopique ou pstr). <p class= &quot;Jove_content&quot;&gt; Le VEP fournit une analyse de la réponse corticale à la lumière; la première provenant de la rétine et par la suite transmis en série par l&#39; intermédiaire du nerf optique, l&#39; appareil optique, le thalamus (noyau genouillé latéral, LGN) et le rayonnement optique à la zone V1 du cortex 3. Chez les rongeurs, la majorité (90 - 95%) des fibres du nerf optique de chaque decussate oculaire 4 et innervent le mésencéphale controlatéral. Contrairement à l&#39;ERG, il est encore impossible d&#39;attribuer les différentes composantes de la VEP à des classes de cellules spécifiques, 5 change donc partout le long de la voie visuelle pourrait affecter la forme d&#39; onde VEP. Néanmoins, le VEP est une mesure non-invasive utile de la performance visuelle et de l&#39;intégrité de la voie visuelle. Le VEP, lorsqu&#39;il est utilisé en conjonction avec l&#39;ERG, peut fournir une évaluation plus complète du système visuel (ie, la rétine / voie visuelle). ERG et VEP enregistrements peuvent être effectuées de manière isolée ou en combinaison, en fonction de l&#39;application. La méthodologie décrite dans ce document permet une évaluation simultanée de la rétine et du cortex électrophysiologie visuelle évoqué des deux yeux et les deux hémisphères chez les rats anesthésiés. Ceci est un moyen utile d&#39;évaluer de façon plus complète la fonction rétinienne et les effets en amont que les changements dans la fonction rétinienne peuvent avoir sur la fonction corticale évoquée visuelle.

<table border="1" fo:keep-together.within-page="1" fo:keep-with-next.within-page="always">
	<tbody>
		<tr>
			<td>Alligator clip</td>
			<td>generic brand</td>
			<td>HM3022</td>
			<td>Stainless steel 26 mm clip for connecting VEP screw electrodes to cables</td>
		</tr>
		<tr>
			<td>Bioamplifier</td>
			<td>ADInstruments</td>
			<td>ML 135</td>
			<td>For amplifying ERG and VEP signals</td>
		</tr>
		<tr>
			<td>Carboxymethylcellulose sodium 1.0%</td>
			<td>Allergan</td>
			<td>CAS 0009000-11-7</td>
			<td>Viscous fluid for improving signal quality of the active ERG electrode</td>
		</tr>
		<tr>
			<td>Carprofen 0.5%</td>
			<td>Pfizer Animal Health Group</td>
			<td>CAS 53716-49-7</td>
			<td>Proprietary name: Rimadyl injectable (50 mg/mL). For post-surgery analgesia, diluted to 0.5% (5 mg/mL) in normal saline</td>
		</tr>
		<tr>
			<td>Chlorhexadine 0.5%</td>
			<td>Orion Laboratories</td>
			<td>27411, 80085</td>
			<td>For disinfecting surgical instruments</td>
		</tr>
		<tr>
			<td>Circulating water bath</td>
			<td>Lauda-K&#246;nigshoffen</td>
			<td>MGW Lauda</td>
			<td>For maintaining body temperature of the anesthetized animal during surgery and electrophysiological recordings</td>
		</tr>
		<tr>
			<td>Dental amalgam</td>
			<td>DeguDent GmbH</td>
			<td>64020024</td>
			<td>For encasing the electrode-skull assembly to make it more robust</td>
		</tr>
		<tr>
			<td>Dental burr</td>
			<td>Storz Instruments, Bausch and Lomb</td>
			<td>#E0824A</td>
			<td>A miniature drill head of ~0.7mm diameter for making a small hole in the skull over each hemisphere to implant VEP screws</td>
		</tr>
		<tr>
			<td>Drill</td>
			<td>Bosch</td>
			<td>Dremel 300 series</td>
			<td>An automatic drill for trepanning</td>
		</tr>
		<tr>
			<td>Electrode lead</td>
			<td>Grass Telefactor&#160;</td>
			<td>F-E2-30</td>
			<td>Platinum cables for connecting silver wire electrodes to the amplifier</td>
		</tr>
		<tr>
			<td>Faraday Cage</td>
			<td>custom-made</td>
			<td></td>
			<td>Ensures light proof to maintain dark adaptation. Encloses the Ganzfeld setup to improve signal to noise ratio</td>
		</tr>
		<tr>
			<td>Gauze swabs</td>
			<td>Multigate Medical Products Pty Ltd</td>
			<td>57-100B</td>
			<td>For drying the surgical incision and exposed skull surface during surgery</td>
		</tr>
		<tr>
			<td>Ganzfeld integrating sphere</td>
			<td>Photometric Solutions International</td>
			<td></td>
			<td>Custom designed light stimulator: 36 mm diameter, 13 cm aperture size</td>
		</tr>
		<tr>
			<td>Velcro</td>
			<td>VELCRO Australia Pty Ltd</td>
			<td>VELCRO Brand Reusable Wrap</td>
			<td>Hook-and-loop fastener to secure the electrodes and the animal on the recording platform</td>
		</tr>
		<tr>
			<td>Isoflurane 99.9%</td>
			<td>Abbott Australasia Pty Ltd</td>
			<td>CAS 26675-46-7</td>
			<td>Proprietary Name: Isoflo(TM) Inhalation anaaesthetic. Pharmaceutical-grade inhalation anesthetic mixed with oxygen gas for VEP electrode implant surgery</td>
		</tr>
		<tr>
			<td>Ketamine&#160;</td>
			<td>Troy Laboratories</td>
			<td>Ilium Ketamil</td>
			<td>Proprietary name: Ketamil Injection, Brand: Ilium. Pharmaceutical-grade anesthetic for electrophysiological recording</td>
		</tr>
		<tr>
			<td>Luxeon LEDs</td>
			<td>Phillips Lighting Co.</td>
			<td></td>
			<td>For light stimulation twenty 5 watt and one 1 watt LEDs.</td>
		</tr>
		<tr>
			<td>Micromanipulator</td>
			<td>Harvard Apparatus</td>
			<td>BS4 50-2625</td>
			<td>Holds the ERG active electrode during recordings</td>
		</tr>
		<tr>
			<td>Needle electrode</td>
			<td>Grass Telefactor&#160;</td>
			<td>F-E2-30</td>
			<td>Subcutaneously inserted in the tail to serve as the ground electrode for both the ERG and VEP</td>
		</tr>
		<tr>
			<td>Phenylephrine 2.5% minims&#160;</td>
			<td>Bausch and Lomb</td>
			<td>CAS 61-76-7</td>
			<td>Instilled with Tropicamide to achieve maximal dilation for ERG recording</td>
		</tr>
		<tr>
			<td>Povidone iodine 10%</td>
			<td>Sanofi-Aventis</td>
			<td>CAS 25655-41-8</td>
			<td>Proprietory name: Betadine, Antiseptic to prepare the shaved skin for surgery 10%, 500 mL</td>
		</tr>
		<tr>
			<td>Powerlab data acquisition system</td>
			<td>ADInstruments</td>
			<td>ML 785</td>
			<td>Controls the LEDs</td>
		</tr>
		<tr>
			<td>Proxymetacaine 0.5%</td>
			<td>Alcon Laboratories&#160;</td>
			<td>CAS 5875-06-9</td>
			<td>For corneal anaesthesia during ERG recordings</td>
		</tr>
		<tr>
			<td>Saline solution</td>
			<td>Gelflex</td>
			<td></td>
			<td>Non-injectable, for electroplating silver wire electrodes</td>
		</tr>
		<tr>
			<td>Scope Software</td>
			<td>ADInstruments</td>
			<td>version 3.7.6</td>
			<td>Simultaneously triggers the stimulus via the Powerlab system and collects data</td>
		</tr>
		<tr>
			<td>Silver (fine round wire)</td>
			<td>A&#38;E metal</td>
			<td>0.3 mm</td>
			<td>Used to make active and inactive ERG electrodes, and the inactive VEP electrode</td>
		</tr>
		<tr>
			<td>Stainless streel screws&#160;</td>
			<td>MicroFasterners</td>
			<td></td>
			<td>0.7 mm shaft diameter, 3 mm in length to be implanted over the primary visual cortex and serve as the active VEP electrodes</td>
		</tr>
		<tr>
			<td>Stereotaxic frame</td>
			<td>David Kopf</td>
			<td>Model 900</td>
			<td>A small animal stereotaxic instrument for locating the primary visual cortices according to Paxinos &#38; Watson&#39;s 2007 rat brain atlas coordinates</td>
		</tr>
		<tr>
			<td>Surgical blade</td>
			<td>Swann-Morton Ltd.</td>
			<td>0206</td>
			<td>For incising the area of skin overlaying the primary visual cortex to implant the VEP electrodes</td>
		</tr>
		<tr>
			<td>Suture</td>
			<td>Shanghai Pudong Jinhuan Medical Products Co.,Ltd</td>
			<td></td>
			<td>3-0 silk braided suture non-absorbable, for skin retraction during VEP electrode implantation surgery</td>
		</tr>
		<tr>
			<td>Tobramycine eye ointment 0.3%</td>
			<td>Alcon Laboratories&#160;</td>
			<td>CAS 32986-56-4</td>
			<td>Proprietary name: Tobrex. Prophylactic antibiotic ointment applied around the skin wound after surgery</td>
		</tr>
		<tr>
			<td>Tropicamide 0.5%</td>
			<td>Alcon Laboratories&#160;</td>
			<td>CAS 1508-75-4</td>
			<td>Proprietary name: 0.5% Mydriacyl eye drop, Instilled to achieve mydriasis for ERG recording</td>
		</tr>
		<tr>
			<td>Xylazine</td>
			<td>Troy Laboratories</td>
			<td>Ilium Xylazil-100</td>
			<td>Pharmaceutical-grade anesthetic for electrophysiological recording</td>
		</tr>
		<tr>
			<td>Pipette tip&#160;</td>
			<td>Eppendorf Pty Ltd</td>
			<td>0030 073.169</td>
			<td>Eppendorf epTIPS 100 - 5000 mL, for custom-made electrodes</td>
		</tr>
		<tr>
			<td>Microsoft Office Excel</td>
			<td>Microsoft</td>
			<td>version 2010</td>
			<td>spreadsheet software for data analysis</td>
		</tr>
		<tr>
			<td>Lethabarb Euthanazia Injection</td>
			<td>Virbac (Australia) Pty Ltd</td>
			<td>LETHA450</td>
			<td>325 mg/mL pentobarbital sodium for rapid euthanazia</td>
		</tr>
	</tbody>
</table>

simultaneous recording of electroretinography and visual evoked potentials in anesthetized rats

The electroretinogram (ERG) and visual evoked potential (VEP) are commonly used to assess the integrity of the visual pathway. The ERG measures the electrical responses of the retina to light stimulation, while the VEP measures the corresponding functional integrity of the visual pathways from the retina to the primary visual cortex following the same light event. The ERG waveform can be broken down into components that reflect responses from different retinal neuronal and glial cell classes. The early components of the VEP waveform represent the integrity of the optic nerve and higher cortical centers. These recordings can be conducted in isolation or together, depending on the application. The methodology described in this paper allows simultaneous assessment of retinal and cortical visual evoked electrophysiology from both eyes and both hemispheres. This is a useful way to more comprehensively assess retinal function and the upstream effects that changes in retinal function can have on visual evoked cortical function.

L&#39;ERG a-wave (&gt; -1.38 log cd.sm -2), b-ondes (&gt; - 4,99 log cd.sm -2) DOD (&lt;- 4,99 log cd.sm -2) et les VEPs (&gt; - 0,52 log cd.sm -2) ont été enregistrés simultanément (Figure 1 et 3). A clignote très faibles, un STR positif (pstr) est observée à environ 110 ms après le flash, et ​​un STR négatif (NSTR) , à environ 220 msec (figures 1 et 2). Un ERG avec un grand b-ondes, des pics ent...

Watch this Scientific Journal Video about Simultaneous Recording of Electroretinography and Visual Evoked Potentials in Anesthetized Rats at JoVE.com

Simultaneous Recording of Electroretinography and Visual Evoked Potentials in Anesthetized Rats

This protocol describes simultaneous measurement of electroretinogram and visual evoked potentials in anesthetized rats.

Enregistrement simultané de Électrorétinographie et potentiels évoqués visuels chez des rats anesthésiés

The electroretinogram (ERG) and visual evoked potential (VEP) are commonly used to assess the integrity of the visual pathway. The ERG measures the ...

Research

JoVE Journal

Neuroscience

Recording Large-scale Neuronal Ensembles with Silicon Probes in the Anesthetized Rat

Enregistrement à grande échelle ensembles neuronaux avec des sondes en silicone chez le rat anesthésié

Large scale electrophysiological recordings from neuronal ensembles offer the opportunity to investigate how the brain orchestrates the wide variety of ...

Recherche

Neurosciences

Simultaneous Whole-cell Recordings from Photoreceptors and Second-order Neurons in an Amphibian Retinal Slice Preparation

Les enregistrements de cellules entières simultanées de photorécepteurs et les neurones de second ordre dans une préparation de tranches rétine Amphibian

One of the central tasks in retinal neuroscience  is to understand the circuitry of retinal neurons and how those connections are  responsible for shaping ...

Simultaneous Electrophysiological Recording and Calcium Imaging of Suprachiasmatic Nucleus Neurons

Simultaneous electrophysiological and fluorescent imaging recording methods were used to study the role of changes of membrane potential or current in ...

Extracting Visual Evoked Potentials from EEG Data Recorded During fMRI-guided Transcranial Magnetic Stimulation

Extraction Potentiels évoqués visuels de l&#39;EEG données enregistrées pendant l&#39;IRMf guidée stimulation magnétique transcrânienne

Transcranial Magnetic Stimulation (TMS) is an effective method for establishing a causal link between a cortical area and cognitive/neurophysiological ...

Simultaneous Electrophysiological Recording and Micro-injections of Inhibitory Agents in the Rodent Brain

Simultanée électrophysiologique Enregistrement et micro-injections d&#39;agents inhibiteurs dans le cerveau des rongeurs

Here we describe a method for the construction of a single-use &#8220;injectrode&#8221; using commercially accessible and affordable parts. A probing ...

Simultaneous ex vivo Functional Testing of Two Retinas by in vivo Electroretinogram System

Simultaneous ex vivo Functional Testing of Two Retinas by in vivo Electroretinogram System

Simultané<em&gt; Ex vivo</em&gt; Tests fonctionnels de deux rétines par<em&gt; In vivo</em&gt; Système Électrorétinogramme

An In vivo electroretinogram (ERG) signal is composed of several overlapping components originating from different retinal cell types, as well as noise ...

Visual Evoked Potential Recording in a Rat Model of Experimental Optic Nerve Demyelination

Enregistrement Potentiel évoqué visuel dans un modèle de rat of Experimental Optic Nerve démyélinisation

The visual evoked potential (VEP) recording is widely used in clinical practice to assess the severity of optic neuritis in its acute phase, and to ...

Acute In Vivo Electrophysiological Recordings of Local Field Potentials and Multi-unit Activity from the Hyperdirect Pathway in Anesthetized Rats

Acute In Vivo Electrophysiological Recordings of Local Field Potentials and Multi-unit Activity from the Hyperdirect Pathway in Anesthetized Rats

Aigu<em&gt; In vivo</em&gt; Enregistrements électrophysiologiques des potentiels de terrain locaux et activité multi-unités à partir de la voie hyperdirect dans les rats anesthésiés

Converging evidence shows that many neuropsychiatric diseases should be understood as disorders of large-scale neuronal networks. To better understand the ...

Chronic Transcranial Electrical Stimulation and Intracortical Recording in Rats

La Stimulation électrique chronique transcrânienne et Intracortical enregistrement chez le rat

Transcranial electrical stimulation (TES) is a powerful and relatively simple approach to diffusely influence brain activity either randomly or in a ...

Visual Evoked Potential Recordings in Mice Using a Dry Non-invasive Multi-channel Scalp EEG Sensor

Des enregistrements de potentiels évoqués visuels chez les souris en utilisant un multicanal Non invasif de la sec du cuir chevelu EEG capteur

For scalp EEG research environments with laboratory mice, we designed a dry-type 16 channel EEG sensor which is non-invasive, deformable, and re-usable ...