Name: simultaneous recording of electroretinography and visual evoked potentials in anesthetized rats
Uploaded: 2016-07-01T14:00:00
Description: Watch this Scientific Journal Video about Simultaneous Recording of Electroretinography and Visual Evoked Potentials in Anesthetized Rats at JoVE.com

Funding for this project was provided by the National Health and Medical Research Council (NHMRC) 1046203 (BVB, AJV) and Melbourne Neuroscience Institute Fellowship (CTN).

Tüm deney prosedürleri Avustralya&#39;da Ulusal Sağlık ve Tıbbi Araştırma Konseyi tarafından belirlenen Bakım ve Bilimsel Amaçlarla Hayvanların Kullanım Uygulama Avustralya Kanunu göre yapılmıştır. Etik boşluk Melbourne Üniversitesi, Fen Fakültesi, Hayvan Etik Komitesi (Onay numarası 0.911.322,1) elde edilmiştir. Kronik VEP Elektrotların 1. Ön-implantasyon Not: eşzamanlı ERG ve VEP sinyallerinin ameliyatla VEP implante edilmesi gereken hayvanların en az 1 hafta koleksiyonu sinyal...

<ol>
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ERG ve VEP sırasıyla, retina ve korteks, görsel fonksiyonun objektif önlemlerdir. Eş zamanlı kayıt avantajı tüm görsel yolunun daha kapsamlı bir görünüm elde olmasıdır. Özellikle, onların eş zamanlı değerlendirmesinden tamamlayıcı bilgiler, örneğin optik nöropati birincil serebral atrofi 19 ile birlikte var olabilir, ERG henüz belirgin VEP 18 tezahürleri örtüşen bozukluklar için (görsel yolunda yaralanma bölgesinde daha net bir sınırlandırılmasını <s...

elektroretinogram (ERG) ve görsel uyarılmış potansiyel (VEP) ölçümü görsel yolunun bütünlüğü yararlı kantitatif değerlendirmeler sağlar. VEP aynı ışık olayı aşağıdaki birincil görsel kortekse retinadan görme yolları gelen fonksiyonel bütünlüğünü ölçer ERG, ışık uyarımı retinanın elektrik tepkilerini ölçer. Bu yazıda yaygın olarak kullanılan bir laboratuar modellerinde sıçan kayıt ve ERG ve VEP cevapların analizi için bir protokol açıklamaktadır. ERG bir ışık yanıp sönmeye retinanın brüt elektrik tepkisini miktarının tarafından anahtar retinal hücre sınıfları bir dizi fonksiyonel bütünlüğünün bir dizin sağlar. iyonik akıların koordineli dizi ışık başlangıçlı tarafından başlatılan ve ofset, gözün dışına yerleştirilen yüzey elektrotlar kullanılarak ölçülebilir voltaj saptanabilir değişiklikler üretirler. Elde edilen dalga bir se birleşimini temsilgenlik, zamanlama ve sıklığı farklılık iyi tanımlanmış bileşenlerin Ries. Araştırmanın önemli bir vücut bu bileşenler, nispeten iyi bir çok omurgalı retinae boyunca ve parçaları birbirinden ayrılabilir olduğu korunmuş olduğunu göstermiştir. Mantıklı uyaran (flaş uyarı, arka plan, interstimulus aralık) koşulları seçme ve analiz etmek için kompozit dalga belirli özelliklerini seçerek bir retina hücrelerinin 1,2 belirli bir grubun bir ölçü dönen emin olabilirsiniz. Bu özellikler yarar ve dolayısıyla retina fonksiyonunun bir non-invaziv bir önlem olarak ERG yaygın uygulamaları altında yatan. Bu yazının (pozitif ERG ölçme ve retinada önemli hücre sınıfları, yani fotoreseptör (PIII bileşeni), bipolar hücreleri (PII bileşeni) ve retina ganglion hücrelerinin bazıları hakkında bilgi dönmek için özelliklerini analiz etmek için metodoloji üzerinde duruluyor scotopic eşik yanıt veya pSTR). 3 alan V1 optik sinir, optik sistemi, talamus (lateral genikulat nükleus, LGN) ve optik radyasyon yoluyla seri iletilecektir. Kemirgenlerde, çoğunluk - Her göz decussate 4&#39;ten optik sinir liflerinin (90% 95) ve kontralateral orta beyin innerve. ERG aksine, 5 ve böylece görsel yolu VEP dalga formunu etkileyebilecek herhangi bir yerde birlikte değişir, özel hücre sınıflar için VEP farklı bileşenlerini atfedilmesi henüz mümkün değildir. Bununla birlikte, VEP görsel performans ve görsel yolu bütünlüğü yararlı bir non-invaziv bir ölçüsüdür. VEP, ERG ile bağlantılı olarak kullanıldığında, görme sistemi (örneğin, retina / işitsel yol) daha tam bir değerlendirmesini sağlar. ERG ve VEP kayıtları başvurunun bağlı olarak, tek başına ya da kombinasyon halinde yapılabilirkatyon. Bu yazıda anlatılan metodoloji retina ve kortikal görsel uyarılmış hem gözlerden elektrofizyoloji ve anestezi farelerde her iki yarımkürede aynı anda değerlendirilmesini sağlar. Bu daha kapsamlı retina fonksiyon değişiklikleri görsel uyandırılmış kortikal fonksiyonu olabilir ki retina fonksiyonu ve yukarı etkilerini değerlendirmek için kullanışlı bir yoldur.

<table border="1" fo:keep-together.within-page="1" fo:keep-with-next.within-page="always">
	<tbody>
		<tr>
			<td>Alligator clip</td>
			<td>generic brand</td>
			<td>HM3022</td>
			<td>Stainless steel 26 mm clip for connecting VEP screw electrodes to cables</td>
		</tr>
		<tr>
			<td>Bioamplifier</td>
			<td>ADInstruments</td>
			<td>ML 135</td>
			<td>For amplifying ERG and VEP signals</td>
		</tr>
		<tr>
			<td>Carboxymethylcellulose sodium 1.0%</td>
			<td>Allergan</td>
			<td>CAS 0009000-11-7</td>
			<td>Viscous fluid for improving signal quality of the active ERG electrode</td>
		</tr>
		<tr>
			<td>Carprofen 0.5%</td>
			<td>Pfizer Animal Health Group</td>
			<td>CAS 53716-49-7</td>
			<td>Proprietary name: Rimadyl injectable (50 mg/mL). For post-surgery analgesia, diluted to 0.5% (5 mg/mL) in normal saline</td>
		</tr>
		<tr>
			<td>Chlorhexadine 0.5%</td>
			<td>Orion Laboratories</td>
			<td>27411, 80085</td>
			<td>For disinfecting surgical instruments</td>
		</tr>
		<tr>
			<td>Circulating water bath</td>
			<td>Lauda-K&#246;nigshoffen</td>
			<td>MGW Lauda</td>
			<td>For maintaining body temperature of the anesthetized animal during surgery and electrophysiological recordings</td>
		</tr>
		<tr>
			<td>Dental amalgam</td>
			<td>DeguDent GmbH</td>
			<td>64020024</td>
			<td>For encasing the electrode-skull assembly to make it more robust</td>
		</tr>
		<tr>
			<td>Dental burr</td>
			<td>Storz Instruments, Bausch and Lomb</td>
			<td>#E0824A</td>
			<td>A miniature drill head of ~0.7mm diameter for making a small hole in the skull over each hemisphere to implant VEP screws</td>
		</tr>
		<tr>
			<td>Drill</td>
			<td>Bosch</td>
			<td>Dremel 300 series</td>
			<td>An automatic drill for trepanning</td>
		</tr>
		<tr>
			<td>Electrode lead</td>
			<td>Grass Telefactor&#160;</td>
			<td>F-E2-30</td>
			<td>Platinum cables for connecting silver wire electrodes to the amplifier</td>
		</tr>
		<tr>
			<td>Faraday Cage</td>
			<td>custom-made</td>
			<td></td>
			<td>Ensures light proof to maintain dark adaptation. Encloses the Ganzfeld setup to improve signal to noise ratio</td>
		</tr>
		<tr>
			<td>Gauze swabs</td>
			<td>Multigate Medical Products Pty Ltd</td>
			<td>57-100B</td>
			<td>For drying the surgical incision and exposed skull surface during surgery</td>
		</tr>
		<tr>
			<td>Ganzfeld integrating sphere</td>
			<td>Photometric Solutions International</td>
			<td></td>
			<td>Custom designed light stimulator: 36 mm diameter, 13 cm aperture size</td>
		</tr>
		<tr>
			<td>Velcro</td>
			<td>VELCRO Australia Pty Ltd</td>
			<td>VELCRO Brand Reusable Wrap</td>
			<td>Hook-and-loop fastener to secure the electrodes and the animal on the recording platform</td>
		</tr>
		<tr>
			<td>Isoflurane 99.9%</td>
			<td>Abbott Australasia Pty Ltd</td>
			<td>CAS 26675-46-7</td>
			<td>Proprietary Name: Isoflo(TM) Inhalation anaaesthetic. Pharmaceutical-grade inhalation anesthetic mixed with oxygen gas for VEP electrode implant surgery</td>
		</tr>
		<tr>
			<td>Ketamine&#160;</td>
			<td>Troy Laboratories</td>
			<td>Ilium Ketamil</td>
			<td>Proprietary name: Ketamil Injection, Brand: Ilium. Pharmaceutical-grade anesthetic for electrophysiological recording</td>
		</tr>
		<tr>
			<td>Luxeon LEDs</td>
			<td>Phillips Lighting Co.</td>
			<td></td>
			<td>For light stimulation twenty 5 watt and one 1 watt LEDs.</td>
		</tr>
		<tr>
			<td>Micromanipulator</td>
			<td>Harvard Apparatus</td>
			<td>BS4 50-2625</td>
			<td>Holds the ERG active electrode during recordings</td>
		</tr>
		<tr>
			<td>Needle electrode</td>
			<td>Grass Telefactor&#160;</td>
			<td>F-E2-30</td>
			<td>Subcutaneously inserted in the tail to serve as the ground electrode for both the ERG and VEP</td>
		</tr>
		<tr>
			<td>Phenylephrine 2.5% minims&#160;</td>
			<td>Bausch and Lomb</td>
			<td>CAS 61-76-7</td>
			<td>Instilled with Tropicamide to achieve maximal dilation for ERG recording</td>
		</tr>
		<tr>
			<td>Povidone iodine 10%</td>
			<td>Sanofi-Aventis</td>
			<td>CAS 25655-41-8</td>
			<td>Proprietory name: Betadine, Antiseptic to prepare the shaved skin for surgery 10%, 500 mL</td>
		</tr>
		<tr>
			<td>Powerlab data acquisition system</td>
			<td>ADInstruments</td>
			<td>ML 785</td>
			<td>Controls the LEDs</td>
		</tr>
		<tr>
			<td>Proxymetacaine 0.5%</td>
			<td>Alcon Laboratories&#160;</td>
			<td>CAS 5875-06-9</td>
			<td>For corneal anaesthesia during ERG recordings</td>
		</tr>
		<tr>
			<td>Saline solution</td>
			<td>Gelflex</td>
			<td></td>
			<td>Non-injectable, for electroplating silver wire electrodes</td>
		</tr>
		<tr>
			<td>Scope Software</td>
			<td>ADInstruments</td>
			<td>version 3.7.6</td>
			<td>Simultaneously triggers the stimulus via the Powerlab system and collects data</td>
		</tr>
		<tr>
			<td>Silver (fine round wire)</td>
			<td>A&#38;E metal</td>
			<td>0.3 mm</td>
			<td>Used to make active and inactive ERG electrodes, and the inactive VEP electrode</td>
		</tr>
		<tr>
			<td>Stainless streel screws&#160;</td>
			<td>MicroFasterners</td>
			<td></td>
			<td>0.7 mm shaft diameter, 3 mm in length to be implanted over the primary visual cortex and serve as the active VEP electrodes</td>
		</tr>
		<tr>
			<td>Stereotaxic frame</td>
			<td>David Kopf</td>
			<td>Model 900</td>
			<td>A small animal stereotaxic instrument for locating the primary visual cortices according to Paxinos &#38; Watson&#39;s 2007 rat brain atlas coordinates</td>
		</tr>
		<tr>
			<td>Surgical blade</td>
			<td>Swann-Morton Ltd.</td>
			<td>0206</td>
			<td>For incising the area of skin overlaying the primary visual cortex to implant the VEP electrodes</td>
		</tr>
		<tr>
			<td>Suture</td>
			<td>Shanghai Pudong Jinhuan Medical Products Co.,Ltd</td>
			<td></td>
			<td>3-0 silk braided suture non-absorbable, for skin retraction during VEP electrode implantation surgery</td>
		</tr>
		<tr>
			<td>Tobramycine eye ointment 0.3%</td>
			<td>Alcon Laboratories&#160;</td>
			<td>CAS 32986-56-4</td>
			<td>Proprietary name: Tobrex. Prophylactic antibiotic ointment applied around the skin wound after surgery</td>
		</tr>
		<tr>
			<td>Tropicamide 0.5%</td>
			<td>Alcon Laboratories&#160;</td>
			<td>CAS 1508-75-4</td>
			<td>Proprietary name: 0.5% Mydriacyl eye drop, Instilled to achieve mydriasis for ERG recording</td>
		</tr>
		<tr>
			<td>Xylazine</td>
			<td>Troy Laboratories</td>
			<td>Ilium Xylazil-100</td>
			<td>Pharmaceutical-grade anesthetic for electrophysiological recording</td>
		</tr>
		<tr>
			<td>Pipette tip&#160;</td>
			<td>Eppendorf Pty Ltd</td>
			<td>0030 073.169</td>
			<td>Eppendorf epTIPS 100 - 5000 mL, for custom-made electrodes</td>
		</tr>
		<tr>
			<td>Microsoft Office Excel</td>
			<td>Microsoft</td>
			<td>version 2010</td>
			<td>spreadsheet software for data analysis</td>
		</tr>
		<tr>
			<td>Lethabarb Euthanazia Injection</td>
			<td>Virbac (Australia) Pty Ltd</td>
			<td>LETHA450</td>
			<td>325 mg/mL pentobarbital sodium for rapid euthanazia</td>
		</tr>
	</tbody>
</table>

simultaneous recording of electroretinography and visual evoked potentials in anesthetized rats

The electroretinogram (ERG) and visual evoked potential (VEP) are commonly used to assess the integrity of the visual pathway. The ERG measures the electrical responses of the retina to light stimulation, while the VEP measures the corresponding functional integrity of the visual pathways from the retina to the primary visual cortex following the same light event. The ERG waveform can be broken down into components that reflect responses from different retinal neuronal and glial cell classes. The early components of the VEP waveform represent the integrity of the optic nerve and higher cortical centers. These recordings can be conducted in isolation or together, depending on the application. The methodology described in this paper allows simultaneous assessment of retinal and cortical visual evoked electrophysiology from both eyes and both hemispheres. This is a useful way to more comprehensively assess retinal function and the upstream effects that changes in retinal function can have on visual evoked cortical function.

ERG bir dalga (&gt; -1,38 log cd.sm -2), b-dalgaları (&gt; - 4.99 log cd.sm -2) oran otozomal STR&#39;lerle (&lt;- 4.99 log cd.sm -2) ve VEP (&gt; - 0.52 cd.sm log -2) eş zamanlı olarak (Şekil 1 ve kaydedilmiştir 3). Çok loş yanıp söner anda, pozitif STR (pSTR) 110 msn flaş sonra yaklaşık görülen ve yaklaşık 220 ms bir negatif STR (nSTR) (Şekil 1 ve 2). Büyük bir b-dalgası o...

Watch this Scientific Journal Video about Simultaneous Recording of Electroretinography and Visual Evoked Potentials in Anesthetized Rats at JoVE.com

Simultaneous Recording of Electroretinography and Visual Evoked Potentials in Anesthetized Rats

This protocol describes simultaneous measurement of electroretinogram and visual evoked potentials in anesthetized rats.

Elektroretinografi Eşzamanlı Kayıt ve Anestezi Sıçanlar Görsel Uyarılmış Potansiyeller

The electroretinogram (ERG) and visual evoked potential (VEP) are commonly used to assess the integrity of the visual pathway. The ERG measures the ...

Research

JoVE Journal

Neuroscience

Recording Large-scale Neuronal Ensembles with Silicon Probes in the Anesthetized Rat

Anestezi Rat Silikon Probları Büyük ölçekli Nöronal Toplulukları Kaydı

Large scale electrophysiological recordings from neuronal ensembles offer the opportunity to investigate how the brain orchestrates the wide variety of ...

Simultaneous Whole-cell Recordings from Photoreceptors and Second-order Neurons in an Amphibian Retinal Slice Preparation

Bir Amfibi Retina Dilim hazırlanması Fotoreseptörler ve İkinci dereceden nöronlar eş zamanlı tam hücreli Kayıtlar

One of the central tasks in retinal neuroscience  is to understand the circuitry of retinal neurons and how those connections are  responsible for shaping ...

Simultaneous Electrophysiological Recording and Calcium Imaging of Suprachiasmatic Nucleus Neurons

Eşzamanlı Elektrofizyolojik Kayıt ve Suprakiazmatik Nucleus Nöronlar Kalsiyum Görüntüleme

Simultaneous electrophysiological and fluorescent imaging recording methods were used to study the role of changes of membrane potential or current in ...

Extracting Visual Evoked Potentials from EEG Data Recorded During fMRI-guided Transcranial Magnetic Stimulation

FMRI-güdümlü Transkranial Manyetik Stimülasyon sırasında kaydedilen EEG Veri Görsel Uyarılmış Potansiyelleri ayıklanıyor

Transcranial Magnetic Stimulation (TMS) is an effective method for establishing a causal link between a cortical area and cognitive/neurophysiological ...

Simultaneous Electrophysiological Recording and Micro-injections of Inhibitory Agents in the Rodent Brain

Eşzamanlı Elektrofizyolojik Kayıt ve kemirgen Beyindeki inhibitör Ajanların Mikro-enjeksiyon

Here we describe a method for the construction of a single-use &#8220;injectrode&#8221; using commercially accessible and affordable parts. A probing ...

Simultaneous ex vivo Functional Testing of Two Retinas by in vivo Electroretinogram System

Simultaneous ex vivo Functional Testing of Two Retinas by in vivo Electroretinogram System

Eşzamanlı<em&gt; Ex vivo</emİki retina&gt; Fonksiyonel Test tarafından<em&gt; In vivo</em&gt; Elektroretinogram Sistemi

An In vivo electroretinogram (ERG) signal is composed of several overlapping components originating from different retinal cell types, as well as noise ...

Visual Evoked Potential Recording in a Rat Model of Experimental Optic Nerve Demyelination

Deneysel Optik Sinir demyelinizasyon bir Rat Modelinde Görsel Uyarılmış Potansiyel Kayıt

The visual evoked potential (VEP) recording is widely used in clinical practice to assess the severity of optic neuritis in its acute phase, and to ...

Acute In Vivo Electrophysiological Recordings of Local Field Potentials and Multi-unit Activity from the Hyperdirect Pathway in Anesthetized Rats

Acute In Vivo Electrophysiological Recordings of Local Field Potentials and Multi-unit Activity from the Hyperdirect Pathway in Anesthetized Rats

Akut<emIn vivo</em&gt; Anestezi Uygulanan Sıçanlarda Hiperdirect Pathway&#39;den Lokal Alan Potansiyellerinin Elektrofizyolojik Kayıtları ve Çoklu Ünite Aktivitesi

Converging evidence shows that many neuropsychiatric diseases should be understood as disorders of large-scale neuronal networks. To better understand the ...

Chronic Transcranial Electrical Stimulation and Intracortical Recording in Rats

Kronik Transkraniyal elektriksel stimülasyon ve Sıçanlarda Intracortical kayıt

Transcranial electrical stimulation (TES) is a powerful and relatively simple approach to diffusely influence brain activity either randomly or in a ...

Visual Evoked Potential Recordings in Mice Using a Dry Non-invasive Multi-channel Scalp EEG Sensor

Görsel uyarılmış potansiyel kayıtları bir kuru Non-invaziv çok kanallı kullanarak farelerde EEG sensör kafa derisi

For scalp EEG research environments with laboratory mice, we designed a dry-type 16 channel EEG sensor which is non-invasive, deformable, and re-usable ...