Name: a high-content in vitro pancreatic islet &#946;-cell replication discovery platform
Uploaded: 2016-07-16T15:00:00
Description: Watch this Scientific Journal Video about A High-content In Vitro Pancreatic Islet ÃŽÂ²-cell Replication Discovery Platform at JoVE.com

This work was supported by NIDDK grants DK098143 and DK101530 from the NIH (JPA), Stanford's Spectrum Child Health Research Institute (CHRI) and SPARK (UL1 TR001085, JPA).

Questo protocollo è stata effettuata in accordo con il Comitato Istituzionale Animal Care e Usa (IACUC) della Stanford University School of Medicine. Il protocollo descritto viene scalata per isolamento delle isole da sei 250 - 300 g (8 - 9 settimane) maschi ratti Sprague Dawley, che è sufficiente a generare 228 pozzetti di una piastra a 384 pozzetti per la valutazione replica isolotto-cellula. 1. Preparazione del materiale <ol><li> Preparare supporti di rivestimento prima di iniziare isolamento del...

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E., et al. <a target="_blank" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?db=PubMed&cmd=Search&doptcmdl=Citation&defaultField=Title+Word&term=Isolation+of+INS-1-derived+cell+lines+with+robust+ATP-sensitive+K++channel-dependent+and+-independent+glucose-stimulated+insulin+secretion.">Isolation of INS-1-derived cell lines with robust ATP-sensitive K+ channel-dependent and -independent glucose-stimulated insulin secretion.</a> Diabetes. 49 (3), 424-430 (2000).</li><li>Cozar-Castellano, I., et al. <a target="_blank" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?db=PubMed&cmd=Search&doptcmdl=Citation&defaultField=Title+Word&term=Lessons+from+the+first+comprehensive+molecular+characterization+of+cell+cycle+control+in+rodent+insulinoma+cell+lines.">Lessons from the first comprehensive molecular characterization of cell cycle control in rodent insulinoma cell lines.</a> Diabetes. 57 (11), 3056-3068 (2008).</li><li>Efrat, S., Fusco-DeMane, D., Lemberg, H., aL Emran, O., Wang, X. <a target="_blank" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?db=PubMed&cmd=Search&doptcmdl=Citation&defaultField=Title+Word&term=Conditional+transformation+of+a+pancreatic+beta-cell+line+derived+from+transgenic+mice+expressing+a+tetracycline-regulated+oncogene.">Conditional transformation of a pancreatic beta-cell line derived from transgenic mice expressing a tetracycline-regulated oncogene.</a> Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 92 (8), 3576-3580 (1995).</li><li>Wang, W., et al. <a target="_blank" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?db=PubMed&cmd=Search&doptcmdl=Citation&defaultField=Title+Word&term=Identification+of+small-molecule+inducers+of+pancreatic+beta-cell+expansion.">Identification of small-molecule inducers of pancreatic beta-cell expansion.</a> Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 106 (5), 1427-1432 (2009).</li><li>Annes, J. 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metodi sperimentali per studiare i meccanismi molecolari che controllano la crescita delle cellule β-e rigenerazione sono strumenti importanti per i ricercatori del diabete. Qui, una piattaforma di screening basata rat-isolotto di identificare e caratterizzare stimolatori piccole molecole di replicazione β-cellule è presentato. Mentre la maggior parte degli aspetti di questo protocollo sono facilmente eseguiti da ricercatori esperti, a pochi passi richiedono particolare tecnica. In primo ...

Diabete comprende una raccolta di disturbi che condividono il punto finale di omeostasi del glucosio perturbato comune. Sebbene i meccanismi patogenetici dei sottotipi di diabete sono distinte, che condividono la conseguenza della riduzione della massa β-cellule, cioè, la perdita di capacità di produzione di insulina 1,2. Attualmente, le strategie di trattamento del diabete si basano su somministrazione cronica di insulina esogena, la stimolazione farmacologica della produzione di insulina o il miglioramento della sensibilità all&#39;insulina, e raramente, il trapianto di isole pancreatiche o tutta 3,4 pancreas. Purtroppo, il successo di queste strategie è di breve durata e / o non sufficientemente ricapitolare la funzione di produzione di insulina endogena. Nonostante l&#39;utilità di sviluppare un metodo per stimolare la rigenerazione β-cellule, non esiste tale approccio. Di conseguenza, uno dei principali obiettivi di ricerca del diabete è quello di sviluppare metodi per generare nuove cellule beta o per espandere la massa endogena β-cellule 5 </sup&gt;. Anche se la rigenerazione delle cellule β-da fonti rinnovabili come le cellule staminali embrionali sta avanzando, sicurezza ed efficienza preoccupazioni rendono il perseguimento di strategie alternative, tra cui l&#39;espansione delle beta cellule mature, una priorità 6,7. È importante sottolineare che la fonte principale di nuove beta-cellule in vivo è preesistenti beta-cellule, piuttosto che le cellule progenitrici specializzate 8,9. Sebbene cellule beta sembrano avere capacità di replicazione limitata, un piccolo incremento della massa β-cellulare (~ 30%) può essere sufficiente a ripristinare l&#39;omeostasi del glucosio in molti diabetici. Inoltre, in situ stimolazione farmacologica della massa β-cellule è una strategia di trattamento potenzialmente poco costoso e scalabile. Qui un metodo di screening ad alto contenuto per identificare e caratterizzare piccole molecole che stimolano la crescita delle cellule β-è presentato. Una varietà di metodi sperimentali in vitro può essere utilizzato per identificare prodotti genici e / o molecole that promuovere la replicazione β-cellule primarie. I primi sforzi per misurare l&#39;induzione replica β-cellule utilizzate fetale cultura roditore pancreas o culture isolate delle isole intatte per misurare [3 H] timidina, incorporazione di BrdU o gli organismi mitotico all&#39;interno della aldeide-tionina o insulina popolazione macchiato in risposta a condizioni di trattamento specifiche 10, 11. Questi approcci in vitro e varianti dello stesso hanno diverse limitazioni. Carenze prominenti includono (1) l&#39;uso di cellule fetali che, a differenza di beta-cellule mature, mostrano un alto tasso di replicazione β-cellule basali e sono la crescita regolata in modo distinto 12; (2) la natura personale di aggiudicazione sperimentatore-dipendente di eventi di replica β-cellule; (3) del lavoro e la natura intensiva tempo di conteggio sperimentatore-dipendente di eventi di replica β-cellule ritarda il throughput sperimentale; (4) l&#39;uso di armi nucleari incorporazione / macchie / aspetto di individuare replica anchets e una macchia citoplasmatica non sovrapposizione di identificare cellule beta porta alla falsa attribuzione di eventi di replica non β-cellule prossimità cellule beta. Più recentemente mature beta cellule primarie sono stati utilizzati per valutare l&#39;impatto del transgene sovra-espressione, così come prodotto del gene o composto trattamento sulla replica β-cellule 13-16. Tuttavia, questi studi hanno anche invocato il conteggio personale di eventi di replica, metodi staining- citoplasmatica o non specifici per l&#39;identificazione β-cellulare e / o passaggi alta intensità di lavoro che limitano il throughput, ad esempio, slide-ben placcatura individuale di cellule o isolotto intatto paraffina e l&#39;elaborazione 17. In particolare, un β-cellula umana metodologia di screening replica basata su immagine, simile a quella qui presentata, è stato pubblicato 18; tuttavia, l&#39;uso di successo di questo test non è stato dimostrato e l&#39;uso di isole umane per lo screening primario può non essere ampiamente FEAbile. Una strategia alternativa per identificare le sostanze replica di promozione è quello di valutare l&#39;induzione della crescita delle linee di β-cellule. Gli sforzi iniziali usati trasformate cellule beta-linee come MIN6 cellule o INS 832/13-celle 14,19-21. Tuttavia, queste linee cellulari dimostrano la crescita incontrollata e somigliano poco a ben differenziati cellule beta 22. Di conseguenza, la capacità di crescita di induzione è minima, di rilevanza poco chiare e talvolta difficile ricapitolare. Una migliore strategia per lo screening basato linea cellulare utilizza &quot;reversibile trasforma&quot; le cellule che sono la crescita arrestato in assenza di tetraciclina (doxiciclina) -dipendente SV40 antigene T espressione 23,24. Tuttavia, non è chiaro se queste cellule ritornare allo stato β-cell-like &quot;normale&quot; dopo la rimozione doxiciclina. Purtroppo, l&#39;uso di queste cellule ha ceduto composti promotori della crescita generalizzate che non sembrano avere utilità immediata24. In generale, l&#39;uso di linee cellulari per studiare regolazione della crescita di una cellula tipo visualizzazione minima attività di replica spontanea può avere limitata applicabilità. La piattaforma di screening replica β-cellule qui presentata utilizza maturi primari di ratto beta-cellule per mantenere nella regolazione della crescita in vivo, per quanto possibile, le culture isolotto-cellula di composizione delle cellule di tipo misto per consentire l&#39;identificazione delle attività di promozione della crescita lignaggio-ristretta, Multi -well formattazione per massimizzare il throughput e analisi automatizzata per eliminare pregiudizi e facilitare il throughput. Uso di successo di questa piattaforma ha permesso l&#39;identificazione di diversi composti che promuovono la replicazione β-cellule 25,26. Inoltre, il test è stato utilizzato per studi di relazione struttura-attività ed esperimenti epistatici chimici per fornire intuizioni meccanicistici nella regolazione molecolare della replicazione β-cellule. La piattaforma presentata è stata adattata con successo FOindagine R lentiviral RNAi-based di replica β-cellule Percorsi di 25. Limitazioni del test comprendono limitati scalabilità (uso di cellule primarie), uso di roditore piuttosto che isolotto-cellule umane (anche se il dosaggio può essere adattato per gli studi delle isole umane), spese associate con l&#39;imaging a base di anticorpi e l&#39;uso isolotto primaria, l&#39;uso di isolotti dispersi (architettura isolotto interrotto) per facilitare l&#39;acquisizione delle immagini automatizzata e dipendenza dalla disponibilità di un microscopio automatico con acquisizione delle immagini e capacità di analisi. Sebbene un metodo in vivo facile screening per identificare prodotti genici o composti che stimolano la rigenerazione β-cellule in situ sarebbe ideale, tale piattaforma non è ancora disponibile 27. Di conseguenza, la piattaforma descritto è appropriato per ricercatore interessa indagare molti aspetti della replica β-cellule.

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			<td height="23" style="height:23px;width:364px;">250g male Male Sprague Dawly Rat</td>
			<td style="width:196px;">Charles River</td>
			<td style="width:147px;">Stain # 400</td>
			<td style="width:272px;"></td>
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			<td height="22" style="height:22px;width:364px;">12 cm teeth tisuue forceps</td>
			<td style="width:196px;">Fine Science Tools</td>
			<td style="width:147px;">11021-12</td>
			<td></td>
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		<tr height="21">
			<td height="21" style="height:21px;width:364px;">11.5 cm fine scissors</td>
			<td style="width:196px;">Fine Science Tools</td>
			<td style="width:147px;">14058-11</td>
			<td></td>
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			<td height="21" style="height:21px;width:364px;">14.5 cm surgical scissors</td>
			<td style="width:196px;">Fine Science Tools</td>
			<td style="width:147px;">14001-14</td>
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			<td height="21" style="height:21px;width:364px;">16 cm curved forceps</td>
			<td style="width:196px;">Fine Science Tools</td>
			<td style="width:147px;">11003-16</td>
			<td></td>
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			<td height="21" style="height:21px;width:364px;">12 cm curved hepostat</td>
			<td style="width:196px;">Fine Science Tools</td>
			<td style="width:147px;">13011-12</td>
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			<td height="21" style="height:21px;width:364px;">12 cm scalpel handle</td>
			<td style="width:196px;">Fine Science Tools</td>
			<td style="width:147px;">10003-12</td>
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		<tr height="21">
			<td height="21" style="height:21px;width:364px;">Tissue sieve-30 mesh</td>
			<td style="width:196px;">Bellco Glass</td>
			<td style="width:147px;">1985-85000</td>
			<td></td>
		</tr>
		<tr height="21">
			<td height="21" style="height:21px;width:364px;">Cizyme RI, 375,000 CDA units</td>
			<td style="width:196px;">VitaCyte</td>
			<td style="width:147px;">005-1030</td>
			<td></td>
		</tr>
		<tr height="24">
			<td height="24" style="height:24px;width:364px;">Hanks&#39; Balanced Salt solution (Ca++ and Mg++)</td>
			<td style="width:196px;">Gibco</td>
			<td style="width:147px;">24020-117</td>
			<td></td>
		</tr>
		<tr height="21">
			<td height="21" style="height:21px;width:364px;">Ketamine HCl (200 mg/20 ml)</td>
			<td style="width:196px;">JHP Pharmaceuticals</td>
			<td style="width:147px;">NDC# 42023-113-10</td>
			<td>to make anesthetic cocktail&#160;</td>
		</tr>
		<tr height="21">
			<td height="21" style="height:21px;width:364px;">Xylazine (5 g/50 ml)</td>
			<td style="width:196px;">LLOYD</td>
			<td style="width:147px;">NADA# 139-236</td>
			<td>to make anesthetic cocktail&#160;</td>
		</tr>
		<tr height="21">
			<td height="21" style="height:21px;width:364px;">Histopaque 1077</td>
			<td style="width:196px;">Sigma</td>
			<td style="width:147px;">H-1077</td>
			<td>to make histopaque 1100</td>
		</tr>
		<tr height="21">
			<td height="21" style="height:21px;width:364px;">Histopaque 1119</td>
			<td style="width:196px;">Sigma</td>
			<td style="width:147px;">H-1119</td>
			<td>to make histopaque 1100</td>
		</tr>
		<tr height="21">
			<td height="21" style="height:21px;width:364px;">Newborn Calf Serum 500 ml</td>
			<td style="width:196px;">Hyclone</td>
			<td style="width:147px;">SH30118.03</td>
			<td></td>
		</tr>
		<tr height="21">
			<td height="21" style="height:21px;width:364px;">Hanks&#39; Balanced Salt solution</td>
			<td style="width:196px;">Hyclone</td>
			<td style="width:147px;">SH30268.01</td>
			<td></td>
		</tr>
		<tr height="21">
			<td height="21" style="height:21px;">Dulbecco&#39;s Modified Eagle Medium/Low Glucose&#160;</td>
			<td style="width:196px;">Hyclone</td>
			<td style="width:147px;">SH30021.01</td>
			<td></td>
		</tr>
		<tr height="21">
			<td height="21" style="height:21px;width:364px;">Functionality/Viability Solution&#160;</td>
			<td style="width:196px;">Mediatech</td>
			<td style="width:147px;">99-768-CV</td>
			<td></td>
		</tr>
		<tr height="21">
			<td height="21" style="height:21px;width:364px;">RPMI1640 media&#160;</td>
			<td style="width:196px;">Hyclone</td>
			<td style="width:147px;">SH30096.01</td>
			<td>to make conditioned medium</td>
		</tr>
		<tr height="21">
			<td height="21" style="height:21px;width:364px;">804G rat bladder carcinoma cell-line</td>
			<td style="width:196px;">Available upon request</td>
			<td style="width:147px;"></td>
			<td>to make conditioned medium</td>
		</tr>
		<tr height="21">
			<td height="21" style="height:21px;width:364px;">Fetal Bovine Serum, Qualified</td>
			<td style="width:196px;">Gibco</td>
			<td style="width:147px;">26160</td>
			<td></td>
		</tr>
		<tr height="21">
			<td height="21" style="height:21px;width:364px;">GlutaMax-I</td>
			<td style="width:196px;">Gibco</td>
			<td style="width:147px;">35050-061</td>
			<td></td>
		</tr>
		<tr height="21">
			<td height="21" style="height:21px;width:364px;">Penicillin (5,000 IU/ml/Strptomycin (5 mg/ml)&#160;</td>
			<td style="width:196px;">MP Biomedicals</td>
			<td style="width:147px;">1670049</td>
			<td></td>
		</tr>
		<tr height="21">
			<td height="21" style="height:21px;width:364px;">Formamide 500 mL</td>
			<td style="width:196px;">Fisher BioReagents</td>
			<td style="width:147px;">BP227-500</td>
			<td></td>
		</tr>
		<tr height="21">
			<td height="21" style="height:21px;width:364px;">Antigen Unmasking Solution 250 mL (PH 6.0)</td>
			<td style="width:196px;">Vector Laboratories</td>
			<td style="width:147px;">H-3300</td>
			<td>to make 0.15 M Sodium Sitrate solution</td>
		</tr>
		<tr height="21">
			<td height="21" style="height:21px;width:364px;">Dextrose, Anhydrous</td>
			<td style="width:196px;">EMD Chemicals</td>
			<td style="width:147px;">DX0145-1</td>
			<td>to make 1 M glucose solution</td>
		</tr>
		<tr height="24">
			<td height="24" style="height:24px;width:364px;">Nomal Donkey Serum (Powder)</td>
			<td style="width:196px;">Jackson ImmunoResearch</td>
			<td style="width:147px;">017-000-121</td>
			<td></td>
		</tr>
		<tr height="21">
			<td height="21" style="height:21px;width:364px;">Triton X-100</td>
			<td style="width:196px;">Sigma</td>
			<td style="width:147px;">T8787-100ML</td>
			<td></td>
		</tr>
		<tr height="21">
			<td height="21" style="height:21px;width:364px;">Mouse anti-human Ki67 antibody</td>
			<td style="width:196px;">BD Biosciences</td>
			<td style="width:147px;">556003</td>
			<td></td>
		</tr>
		<tr height="21">
			<td height="21" style="height:21px;width:364px;">Goat anti-human PDX-1 antibody</td>
			<td style="width:196px;">R&#38;D Systems</td>
			<td style="width:147px;">AF2419</td>
			<td></td>
		</tr>
		<tr height="21">
			<td height="21" style="height:21px;width:364px;">Polyclonal Guinea Pig anti-insulin antibody</td>
			<td style="width:196px;">Dako</td>
			<td style="width:147px;">2016-08</td>
			<td></td>
		</tr>
		<tr height="21">
			<td height="21" style="height:21px;width:364px;">Polyclonal Rabbit anti-glucagon antibody</td>
			<td style="width:196px;">Dako</td>
			<td style="width:147px;">2014-06</td>
			<td></td>
		</tr>
		<tr height="21">
			<td height="21" style="height:21px;width:364px;">Polyclonal Rabbit anti-somatostatin antibody</td>
			<td style="width:196px;">Dako</td>
			<td style="width:147px;">2011-08</td>
			<td></td>
		</tr>
		<tr height="21">
			<td height="21" style="height:21px;width:364px;">Polyclonal chicken anti-vimentin antibody</td>
			<td style="width:196px;">abcam</td>
			<td style="width:147px;">ab24525</td>
			<td></td>
		</tr>
		<tr height="21">
			<td height="21" style="height:21px;">Biotin-SP-conjugated, Donkey Anti-Mouse IgG</td>
			<td style="width:196px;">Jackson ImmunoResearch</td>
			<td style="width:147px;">715-065-150</td>
			<td></td>
		</tr>
		<tr height="21">
			<td height="21" style="height:21px;width:364px;">StreptAvidin, Alex Flour 488 conjugated&#160;</td>
			<td style="width:196px;">Invitrogen</td>
			<td style="width:147px;">S32354</td>
			<td></td>
		</tr>
		<tr height="21">
			<td height="21" style="height:21px;width:364px;">Rhodamine-conjugated Donkey Anti-Goat IgG&#160;</td>
			<td style="width:196px;">Jackson ImmunoResearch</td>
			<td style="width:147px;">705-025-147</td>
			<td></td>
		</tr>
		<tr height="21">
			<td height="21" style="height:21px;width:364px;">Rhodamine-conjugated Donkey Anti-Guinea Pig IgG&#160;</td>
			<td style="width:196px;">Jackson ImmunoResearch</td>
			<td style="width:147px;">706-025-148</td>
			<td></td>
		</tr>
		<tr height="21">
			<td height="21" style="height:21px;width:364px;">Rhodamine-conjugated Donkey Anti-Rabbit IgG</td>
			<td style="width:196px;">Jackson ImmunoResearch</td>
			<td style="width:147px;">711-025-152</td>
			<td></td>
		</tr>
		<tr height="21">
			<td height="21" style="height:21px;width:364px;">Cy 5-conjugated Donkey Anti-Guinea Pig IgG&#160;</td>
			<td style="width:196px;">Jackson ImmunoResearch</td>
			<td style="width:147px;">706-175-148</td>
			<td></td>
		</tr>
		<tr height="20">
			<td height="20" style="height:20px;">Cy 5-conjugated Donkey Anti-Goat IgG</td>
			<td>Jackson ImmunoResearch</td>
			<td>705-175-147</td>
			<td></td>
		</tr>
		<tr height="20">
			<td height="20" style="height:20px;">Cy 5-conjugated Donkey Anti-Rabbit IgG</td>
			<td>Jackson ImmunoResearch</td>
			<td>711-175-152</td>
			<td></td>
		</tr>
		<tr height="21">
			<td height="21" style="height:21px;">Cy 5-conjugated Donkey Anti-Chicken IgG</td>
			<td>Jackson ImmunoResearch</td>
			<td style="width:147px;">703-175-155</td>
			<td></td>
		</tr>
		<tr height="21">
			<td height="21" style="height:21px;width:364px;">DAPI</td>
			<td style="width:196px;">Millipore</td>
			<td style="width:147px;">S7113</td>
			<td></td>
		</tr>
		<tr height="21">
			<td height="21" style="height:21px;width:364px;">Disposable Reagent Reservoir 25 mL</td>
			<td style="width:196px;">Sorenson BioScience</td>
			<td style="width:147px;">39900</td>
			<td></td>
		</tr>
		<tr height="21">
			<td height="21" style="height:21px;width:364px;">384 well, black/clear, tissue culture treated plate</td>
			<td style="width:196px;">BD Falcon</td>
			<td style="width:147px;">353962</td>
			<td></td>
		</tr>
		<tr height="21">
			<td height="21" style="height:21px;width:364px;">96 well, black/clear, tissue culture treated plate</td>
			<td style="width:196px;">Costar</td>
			<td style="width:147px;">3603</td>
			<td></td>
		</tr>
		<tr height="21">
			<td height="21" style="height:21px;width:364px;">Multi-channel pipettor</td>
			<td style="width:196px;">Costar</td>
			<td style="width:147px;">4880</td>
			<td></td>
		</tr>
		<tr height="21">
			<td height="21" style="height:21px;width:364px;">12-channel vaccume aspirator</td>
			<td style="width:196px;">Drummond</td>
			<td style="width:147px;">3-000-096</td>
			<td></td>
		</tr>
		<tr height="21">
			<td height="21" style="height:21px;width:364px;">Cell Scraper</td>
			<td style="width:196px;">Falcon</td>
			<td style="width:147px;">353085</td>
			<td></td>
		</tr>
		<tr height="21">
			<td height="21" style="height:21px;width:364px;">Isotemp Water Bath Model 2223&#160;</td>
			<td style="width:196px;">Fisher Scientific</td>
			<td style="width:147px;"></td>
			<td></td>
		</tr>
		<tr height="21">
			<td height="21" style="height:21px;width:364px;">High-content screening instrument: ArrayScan VTI</td>
			<td style="width:196px;">Thermo Scientific</td>
			<td style="width:147px;"></td>
			<td></td>
		</tr>
	</tbody>
</table>

a high-content in vitro pancreatic islet &#946;-cell replication discovery platform

Loss of insulin-producing &#946;-cells is a central feature of diabetes. While a variety of potential replacement therapies are being explored, expansion of endogenous insulin-producing pancreatic islet &#946;-cells remains an attractive strategy. &#946;-cells have limited spontaneous regenerative activity; consequently, a crucial research effort is to develop a precise understanding of the molecular pathways that restrain &#946;-cell growth and to identify drugs capable of overcoming these restraints. Herein an automated high-content image-based primary-cell screening method to identify &#946;-cell replication-promoting small molecules is presented. Several, limitations of prior methodologies are surmounted. First, use of primary islet cells rather than an immortalized cell-line maximizes retention of in vivo growth restraints. Second, use of mixed-composition islet-cell cultures rather than a &#946;-cell-line allows identification of both lineage-restricted and general growth stimulators. Third, the technique makes practical the use of primary islets, a limiting resource, through use of a 384-well format. Fourth, detrimental experimental variability associated with erratic islet culture quality is overcome through optimization of isolation, dispersion, plating and culture parameters. Fifth, the difficulties of accurately and consistently measuring the low basal replication rate of islet endocrine-cells are surmounted with optimized immunostaining parameters, automated data acquisition and data analysis; automation simultaneously enhances throughput and limits experimenter bias. Notable limitations of this assay are the use of dispersed islet cultures which disrupts islet architecture, the use of rodent rather than human islets and the inherent limitations of throughput and cost associated with the use of primary cells. Importantly, the strategy is easily adapted for human islet replication studies. This assay is well suited for investigating the mitogenic effect of substances on &#946;-cells and the molecular mechanisms that regulate &#946;-cell growth.

Per valutare β-cellula o la replicazione α-cellule, è necessario un protocollo di dosaggio a quattro colori. Innanzitutto, gli oggetti sono identificati dalla colorazione DAPI (Canale 1, 386 nm). Successivamente, le cellule beta (evento 1) sono contati: oggetti che co-esprimono PDX-1 + (canale 2, 650 nm) e di insulina peri-nucleare (canale 3, 549 nm). Successivamente, che replicano le cellule beta (evento 2) sono contati: le cellule beta (evento 1) che co-express Ki-67 (can...

Watch this Scientific Journal Video about A High-content In Vitro Pancreatic Islet ÃŽÂ²-cell Replication Discovery Platform at JoVE.com

A High-content In Vitro Pancreatic Islet ÃƒÅ½Ã‚Â²-cell Replication Discovery Platform

sfide critiche per il campo di ricerca sul diabete sono di comprendere i meccanismi molecolari che regolano la replicazione isolotto β-cellule e di sviluppare metodi per stimolando la rigenerazione delle cellule β-. Qui un metodo ad alto contenuto di screening per identificare e valutare l&#39;attività di replica di promozione β-cellule di piccole molecole è presentato.

A High-contenuti<em&gt; In Vitro</em&gt; La replica della piattaforma Discovery isole pancreatiche β-cellule

Loss of insulin-producing &#946;-cells is a central feature of diabetes. While a variety of potential replacement therapies are being explored, expansion ...

Research

JoVE Journal

Medicine

A High-content In Vitro Pancreatic Islet &#946;-cell Replication Discovery Platform

A Method for Murine Islet Isolation and Subcapsular Kidney Transplantation

Un metodo per isolamento Islet murini e trapianto renale subcapsulare

Since the early pioneering work of Ballinger and Reckard demonstrating that transplantation of islets of Langerhans into diabetic rodents could normalize ...

Ricerca

Medicina

High Content Screening in Neurodegenerative Diseases

Contenuto di screening ad alto contenuto di Malattie Neurodegenerative

The functional annotation of genomes, construction of molecular networks and novel drug target identification, are important challenges that need to be ...

Surgical Procedures for a Rat Model of Partial Orthotopic Liver Transplantation with Hepatic Arterial Reconstruction

Procedure chirurgiche per un modello di Rat parziale trapianto di fegato con la ricostruzione arteriosa epatica

Orthotopic liver transplantation (OLT) in rats using a whole or partial graft is an indispensable experimental model for transplantation research, such as ...

Simulating Pancreatic Neuroplasticity: In Vitro Dual-neuron Plasticity Assay

Simulating Pancreatic Neuroplasticity: In Vitro Dual-neuron Plasticity Assay

Simulazione pancreatica neuroplasticità:<em&gt; In Vitro</em&gt; Dual-neurone Plasticità Assay

Neuroplasticity is an inherent feature of the enteric nervous system and gastrointestinal (GI) innervation under pathological conditions. However, the ...

Excitotoxic Stimulation of Brain Microslices as an In vitro Model of Stroke

Excitotoxic Stimulation of Brain Microslices as an In vitro Model of Stroke

Eccitotossica stimolazione del cervello Microslices come<em&gt; In vitro</em&gt; Modello di Corsa

Examining molecular mechanisms involved in neuropathological conditions, such as ischemic stroke, can be difficult when using whole animal systems. As ...

Modeling Spontaneous Metastatic Renal Cell Carcinoma (mRCC) in Mice Following Nephrectomy

Modeling Spontaneous Metastatic Renal Cell Carcinoma mRCC in Mice Following Nephrectomy

Modellazione di Carcinoma renale metastatico spontanea (MRCC) in topi dopo nefrectomia

One of the key challenges to improved testing of new experimental therapeutics in renal cell carcinoma (RCC) is the development of models that faithfully ...

Leprdb Mouse Model of Type 2 Diabetes: Pancreatic Islet Isolation and Live-cell 2-Photon Imaging Of Intact Islets

Leprdb Mouse Model of Type 2 Diabetes: Pancreatic Islet Isolation and Live-cell 2-Photon Imaging Of Intact Islets

LEPR<sup&gt; Db</sup&gt; Mouse Modello di diabete di tipo 2: pancreas isolamento Islet e live-cella 2-Photon Imaging di isolotti Intact

Type 2 diabetes is a chronic disease affecting 382 million people in 2013, and is expected to rise to 592 million by 2035 1. During the past 2 decades, ...

Studying Pancreatic Cancer Stem Cell Characteristics for Developing New Treatment Strategies

Studiare cancro del pancreas staminali caratteristiche cellulari per lo sviluppo di nuove strategie di trattamento

Pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma (PDAC) contains a subset of exclusively tumorigenic cancer stem cells (CSCs) which have been shown to drive tumor ...

Laser Doppler: A Tool for Measuring Pancreatic Islet Microvascular Vasomotion In Vivo

Laser Doppler: A Tool for Measuring Pancreatic Islet Microvascular Vasomotion In Vivo

Laser Doppler: Uno strumento per la misurazione dell'isolotto pancreatico Vasomotion microvascolare In Vivo

As a functional status of microcirculation, microvascular vasomotion is important for the delivery of oxygen and nutrients and the removal of carbon ...

Application of End-to-end Anastomosis in Robotic Central Pancreatectomy

Applicazione dell'anastomosi to-end in robotica Pancreatectomy centrale

Central pancreatectomy is carried out for the treatment of benign or low-malignant potential tumors located in the pancreatic neck or proximal part of ...