Name: preparation and characterization of lipophilic doxorubicin pro-drug micelles
Uploaded: 2016-08-02T15:00:00
Description: Watch this Scientific Journal Video about Preparation and Characterization of Lipophilic Doxorubicin Pro-drug Micelles at JoVE.com

This work was supported by the following grants: NIH-SC3 grant, NSF-PREM grant, Hampton University Faculty Research Grant. We would like to thank Mrs. Michele A. Cochran at Virginia Institute of Marine Science (VIMS) for the use of the particle size analyzer. We would also like to thank Mrs. Corinne R. Ramaley for reviewing the manuscript.

1. Sintesi di DOX-PA <ol><li> Pesare 390 mg di doxorubicina e 243 mg di acido palmitico idrazide, e versare in un pallone a fondo tondo. </li><li> Aggiungere 150 ml di metanolo anidro al pallone con una siringa di vetro. Aggiungere 39 ml di acido trifluoroacetico (TFA) con una pipetta. Utilizzando un agitatore magnetico, agitare la miscela di reazione per 18 ore a RT al buio. NOTA: Le quantità di materiali di reazione possono essere scalati verso l&#39;alto o verso il basso per ottenere divers...

<ol>
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In questo lavoro, si descrive un metodo pellicola dispersione rapida semplice per la preparazione di micelle. Questo metodo utilizza le proprietà auto-assemblaggio di un polimero amfifilico (ad esempio, DSPE-PEG) per formare core-shell micelle strutturati in un ambiente acquoso. Questo metodo di preparazione micelle ha diversi vantaggi. 1. Si tratta di un semplice processo di formulazione, che evita l&#39;uso di fasi dimensioni riduzione complicate (come estrusione o omogeneizzazione) comunemente utilizzati ne...

La chemioterapia è comunemente usato per trattare varie forme di cancro. La maggior parte, se non tutti, i farmaci chemioterapici hanno effetti collaterali tossici che possono variare da condizioni minori gestibili, come nausea e diarrea, a condizioni che minacciano la vita più. Poiché la maggior parte farmaci antitumorali sono tossici, l&#39;esposizione non selettivo di questi farmaci al tessuto normale provoca inevitabilmente la tossicità. Pertanto, vi è una grande necessità di un approccio terapeutico che può trasportare selettivamente farmaci nelle cellule tumorali. Un&#39;altra sfida con la somministrazione di farmaci antitumorali è la loro scarsa solubilità in acqua. Di solito, sono necessari agenti solubilizzanti per formulare questi farmaci scarsamente solubili. Tuttavia, la maggior parte agenti solubilizzanti, come dimetil solfossido (DMSO), Cremophor EL, e polisorbato 80 (Tween 80) possono causare tossicità epatica e renale, emolisi, reazioni di ipersensibilità acuta e neuropatie periferiche. 1 Perciò, formulazioni sicure e biocompatibili sono necessari per l&#39;uso clinico di poverifarmaci antitumorali mente solubili. Nanovettori sono promettenti sistemi di drug delivery per affrontare le sfide di cui sopra. Questi nanovettori includono liposomi, nanoparticelle 2, 3 micelle, 4-7 coniugati polimero-farmaco, 8 e materiali inorganici. 9 Diversi prodotti nanomedicina (ad esempio, Doxil, Abraxane, e Genexol) sono stati approvati dalle agenzie di regolamentazione per il trattamento di pazienti affetti da cancro. 10 Micelle polimeriche sono promettenti vettori di consegna di droga nano-scala, che sono stati utilizzati con successo per la consegna dei farmaci antitumorali. 4-7,11,12 tipici micelle polimeriche sono preparati da polimeri anfifilici attraverso un processo di auto-assemblaggio. Il core-shell strutturati micelle polimeriche includono un guscio idrofilo e un nucleo idrofobico. Il guscio idrofilo può stabilizzare stericamente micelle e prolungare la loro circolazione nel flusso sanguigno. Il nucleo idrofobico può incapsulare in modo efficace idrofoba dtappeti. A causa delle piccole dimensioni delle micelle (tipicamente inferiori a 200 nm) e proprietà di lunga circolazione, micelle polimeriche sono creduti per conseguire targeting tumorale attraverso una maggiore permeabilità ed effetti di ritenzione (EPR) (tumore passiva targeting). la stabilità della droga di carico è fondamentale per il tumore mira capacità di micelle. Per ottenere il targeting tumorale ottimale, micelle dovrebbero avere perdite di droga minimo prima di raggiungere il sito del tumore, ma rilasciare rapidamente il farmaco dopo aver inserito le cellule tumorali. Inoltre, la stabilità formulazione è anche un requisito essenziale per lo sviluppo dei prodotti, perché la stabilità formulazione determina la fattibilità di sviluppo del prodotto, così come la shelf-life di prodotti sviluppati. Recentemente, sono stati fatti molti sforzi per migliorare il carico di droga in vettori di consegna. Il lipofila approccio pro-farmaco è una strategia che è stata esplorata per migliorare carico di droga in nanoparticelle lipidiche ed emulsioni. 13,14 La conjugation dei lipidi con farmaci in grado di migliorare significativamente la loro lipofilia e migliorare il carico e la conservazione delle componenti lipofile di nanovettori. Qui, descriviamo un protocollo per la preparazione di lipofila doxorubicina pro-farmaco micelle caricati. In primo luogo, la procedura di sintesi per doxorubicina lipofila pro-farmaco è descritta. Poi, viene introdotto un protocollo per la generazione di micelle con un metodo film dispersione. Questo metodo è stato utilizzato con successo nei nostri studi precedenti. 5 DSPE-PEG è stato scelto come materiale di supporto per la preparazione di micelle perché è stato usato con successo per la consegna micelle farmaco. 15,16 Infine, si descrivono diversi saggi in vitro utilizzati per caratterizzare micelle formulazioni e per valutare l&#39;attività antitumorale.

<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" width="693">
	<tbody>
		<tr height="23">
			<td height="23" style="height:23px;width:216px;">DSPE-PEG2K</td>
			<td style="width:191px;">Cordenpharm</td>
			<td style="width:119px;">LP-R4-039</td>
			<td style="width:167px;">&#62;95%</td>
		</tr>
		<tr height="21">
			<td height="21" style="height:21px;width:216px;">Doxorubicin</td>
			<td style="width:191px;">LC Laboratories</td>
			<td style="width:119px;">D-4000</td>
			<td>&#62;99%</td>
		</tr>
		<tr height="21">
			<td height="21" style="height:21px;width:216px;">Palmitic Acid Hydrazide</td>
			<td style="width:191px;">TCI AMERICA&#160;&#160;</td>
			<td style="width:119px;">P000425G</td>
			<td>&#62;98.0%</td>
		</tr>
		<tr height="21">
			<td height="21" style="height:21px;width:216px;">Methanol</td>
			<td style="width:191px;">ACROS Organics</td>
			<td style="width:119px;">610981000</td>
			<td>Anhydrous</td>
		</tr>
		<tr height="21">
			<td height="21" style="height:21px;width:216px;">Methylene chloride&#160;</td>
			<td style="width:191px;">FISHER&#160;</td>
			<td style="width:119px;">D151-4</td>
			<td>99.90%</td>
		</tr>
		<tr height="21">
			<td height="21" style="height:21px;width:216px;">Methyl sulfoxide-d6</td>
			<td style="width:191px;">ACROS Organics</td>
			<td style="width:119px;">AC320760075</td>
			<td>NMR solvent</td>
		</tr>
		<tr height="21">
			<td height="21" style="height:21px;width:216px;">Trifluoroacetic Acid&#160;</td>
			<td style="width:191px;">ACROS Organics</td>
			<td style="width:119px;">AC293811000</td>
			<td>99.50%</td>
		</tr>
		<tr height="21">
			<td height="21" style="height:21px;width:216px;">Silica Gel</td>
			<td style="width:191px;">FISHER&#160;</td>
			<td style="width:119px;">L-7446</td>
			<td>230-400 mesh</td>
		</tr>
		<tr height="21">
			<td height="21" style="height:21px;width:216px;">BAKER FLEX TLC PLATES&#160;</td>
			<td style="width:191px;">FISHER&#160;</td>
			<td style="width:119px;">NC9990129</td>
			<td></td>
		</tr>
		<tr height="21">
			<td height="21" style="height:21px;width:216px;">DPBS</td>
			<td style="width:191px;">Sigma-Aldrich</td>
			<td style="width:119px;">D8537</td>
			<td></td>
		</tr>
		<tr height="21">
			<td height="21" style="height:21px;width:216px;">DU 145&#160; Prostate Cancer Cells</td>
			<td style="width:191px;">ATCC</td>
			<td style="width:119px;">HTB-81</td>
			<td></td>
		</tr>
		<tr height="21">
			<td height="21" style="height:21px;width:216px;">MTT</td>
			<td style="width:191px;">ACROS Organics</td>
			<td style="width:119px;">158990050</td>
			<td>98%</td>
		</tr>
		<tr height="21">
			<td height="21" style="height:21px;width:216px;">RPMI 1640 Medium</td>
			<td style="width:191px;">MEDIATECH INC&#160;</td>
			<td style="width:119px;">10041CV</td>
			<td></td>
		</tr>
		<tr height="21">
			<td height="21" style="height:21px;width:216px;">Antibiotic-Antimycotic&#160;</td>
			<td style="width:191px;">LIFE TECHNOLOGIES&#160;</td>
			<td style="width:119px;">15240062</td>
			<td>100x stock solution</td>
		</tr>
		<tr height="21">
			<td height="21" style="height:21px;width:216px;">Fetal Bovine Serum</td>
			<td style="width:191px;">LIFE TECHNOLOGIES&#160;</td>
			<td style="width:119px;">10437077</td>
			<td></td>
		</tr>
		<tr height="42">
			<td height="42" style="height:42px;width:216px;">Nuclear Magnetic Resonance Spectroscopy</td>
			<td style="width:191px;">Varian, Inc</td>
			<td style="width:119px;"></td>
			<td>300 NMR&#160;</td>
		</tr>
		<tr height="21">
			<td height="21" style="height:21px;width:216px;">B&#252;chi R-3 Rotavapor</td>
			<td style="width:191px;">Buchi</td>
			<td style="width:119px;">1103022V1&#160;</td>
			<td>Rotary evaporator</td>
		</tr>
		<tr height="42">
			<td height="42" style="height:42px;width:216px;">Ultrasonic Bath</td>
			<td style="width:191px;">BRANSON ULTRASONICS CORPORATION&#160;</td>
			<td style="width:119px;">CPX952318R</td>
			<td></td>
		</tr>
		<tr height="21">
			<td height="21" style="height:21px;width:216px;">UV-VIS spectrometer Biomate 3</td>
			<td style="width:191px;">Thermo Spectronic</td>
			<td style="width:119px;"></td>
			<td></td>
		</tr>
		<tr height="21">
			<td height="21" style="height:21px;width:216px;">Zetasizer Nano ZS90&#160;</td>
			<td style="width:191px;">Malvern Instruments</td>
			<td style="width:119px;"></td>
			<td>Particle Size Analyer</td>
		</tr>
		<tr height="21">
			<td height="21" style="height:21px;width:216px;">Microplate Spectrophotometer&#160;</td>
			<td style="width:191px;">Rio-Rad</td>
			<td style="width:119px;">Benchmark Plus&#160;</td>
			<td></td>
		</tr>
		<tr height="21">
			<td height="21" style="height:21px;width:216px;">Cell Culture Incubator</td>
			<td style="width:191px;">Napco</td>
			<td style="width:119px;">CO2 6000</td>
			<td></td>
		</tr>
		<tr height="21">
			<td height="21" style="height:21px;width:216px;">Biological Safety Cabinet</td>
			<td style="width:191px;">Nuaire</td>
			<td style="width:119px;"></td>
			<td></td>
		</tr>
		<tr height="21">
			<td height="21" style="height:21px;">SigmaPlot&#160;</td>
			<td style="width:191px;">Systat Software, Inc.</td>
			<td style="width:119px;"></td>
			<td>Analytical Software</td>
		</tr>
		<tr height="21">
			<td height="21" style="height:21px;width:216px;">96-Well Cell Culture Plate</td>
			<td style="width:191px;">Becton Dickinson</td>
			<td style="width:119px;">353072</td>
			<td></td>
		</tr>
		<tr height="21">
			<td height="21" style="height:21px;width:216px;">Trypsin&#160; 0.25%</td>
			<td style="width:191px;">Corning Cellgro</td>
			<td style="width:119px;">25-053-CI</td>
			<td></td>
		</tr>
	</tbody>
</table>

preparation and characterization of lipophilic doxorubicin pro-drug micelles

Micelles have been successfully used for the delivery of anticancer drugs. Amphiphilic polymers form core-shell structured micelles in an aqueous environment through self-assembly. The hydrophobic core of micelles functions as a drug reservoir and encapsulates hydrophobic drugs. The hydrophilic shell prevents the aggregation of micelles and also prolongs their systemic circulation in vivo. In this protocol, we describe a method to synthesize a doxorubicin lipophilic pro-drug, doxorubicin-palmitic acid (DOX-PA), which will enhance drug loading into micelles. A pH-sensitive hydrazone linker was used to conjugate doxorubicin with the lipid, which facilitates the release of free doxorubicin inside cancer cells. Synthesized DOX-PA was purified with a silica gel column using dichloromethane/methanol as the eluent. Purified DOX-PA was analyzed with thin layer chromatography (TLC) and 1H-Nuclear Magnetic Resonance Spectroscopy (1H-NMR). A film dispersion method was used to prepare DOX-PA loaded DSPE-PEG micelles. In addition, several methods for characterizing micelle formulations are described, including determination of DOX-PA concentration and encapsulation efficiency, measurement of particle size and distribution, and assessment of in vitro anticancer activities. This protocol provides useful information regarding the preparation and characterization of drug-loaded micelles and thus will facilitate the research and development of novel micelle-based cancer nanomedicines.

La Figura 1 mostra lo schema di sintesi di DOX-PA. DOX-PA è stato sintetizzato dalla coniugazione di acido palmitico con doxorubicina attraverso un legame idrazone sensibile al pH. Un leggero eccesso di idrazide dell&#39;acido palmitico è stato utilizzato per agevolare il completamento della reazione. Questo metodo di reazione ha un rendimento molto elevato e solo una piccola quantità di doxorubicina rimasto dopo una reazione 18 ore (Figura 2). La res...

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Preparation and Characterization of Lipophilic Doxorubicin Pro-drug Micelles

Un protocollo per la preparazione e caratterizzazione di lipofila doxorubicina pro-farmaco caricata 1,2-distearoyl- SN -glycero-3-phosphoethanolamine- N - [amino (polietilene glicole) -2000] (DSPE-PEG) micelle è descritto.

Preparazione e caratterizzazione di lipofila doxorubicina micelle pro-farmaco

Micelles have been successfully used for the delivery of anticancer drugs. Amphiphilic polymers form core-shell structured micelles in an aqueous ...

Research

JoVE Journal

Bioengineering

Construction and Characterization of a Novel Vocal Fold Bioreactor

Costruzione e caratterizzazione di un Fold bioreattore Novel Vocal

In vitro engineering of mechanically active tissues requires the presentation of physiologically relevant mechanical conditions to cultured cells. To ...

Ricerca

Bioingegneria

Preparation and Characterization of Novel HDL-mimicking Nanoparticles for Nerve Growth Factor Encapsulation

Preparazione e caratterizzazione di novel nanoparticelle che imitano HDL per l&#39;incapsulamento del fattore di crescita del nervo

The objective of this article is to introduce preparation and characterization methods for nerve growth factor (NGF)-loaded, high-density, lipoprotein ...

Synthesis of Monocyte-targeting Peptide Amphiphile Micelles for Imaging of Atherosclerosis

Sintesi del monocito-targeting Peptide Amphiphile micelle per l'Imaging di aterosclerosi

Atherosclerosis is a major contributor to cardiovascular disease, the leading cause of death worldwide, which claims 17.3 million lives annually. ...

Fabrication and Characterization of Optical Tissue Phantoms Containing Macrostructure

Fabbricazione e caratterizzazione dei fantasmi di tessuto ottico contenente macrostruttura

The rapid development of new optical imaging techniques is dependent on the availability of low-cost, customizable, and easily reproducible standards. By ...

Detection of Endotoxin in Nano-formulations Using Limulus Amoebocyte Lysate (LAL) Assays

Detection of Endotoxin in Nano-formulations Using Limulus Amoebocyte Lysate LAL Assays

Rilevamento dell'endotossina in Nano-formulazioni utilizzando dosaggi di Limulus Amoebocyte Lysate (LAL)

When present in pharmaceutical products, a Gram-negative bacterial cell wall component endotoxin (often also called lipopolysaccharide) can cause ...

Growth and Characterization of Irradiated Organoids from Mammary Glands

Crescita e caratterizzazione di organoidi irradiati da ghiandole mammarie

Organoids derived from the digested tissue are multicellular three-dimensional (3D) constructs that better recapitulate in vivo conditions than cell ...

Preparation and Characterization of Nanoliposomes for the Entrapment of Bioactive Hydrophilic Globular Proteins

Preparazione e caratterizzazione dei nanoliposomi per l'entratura delle proteine globulari bioattive

Liposome nanocapsules have been applied for many purposes in the pharmaceutical, cosmetic, and food industries. Attributes of liposomes include their ...

Focused Ion Beam Lithography to Etch Nano-architectures into Microelectrodes

Focalizzata la litografia del fascio ionico per esacire di nano-architetture nei microelettrodi

With advances in electronics and fabrication technology, intracortical microelectrodes have undergone substantial improvements enabling the production of ...

Generation and Quantitative Characterization of Functional and Polarized Biliary Epithelial Cysts

Generazione e caratterizzazione quantitativa di cisti epiteliali biliari funzionali e polarizzate

Cholangiocytes, the epithelial cells that line up the bile ducts in the liver, oversee bile formation and modification. In the last twenty years, in the ...

Temperature-Controlled Assembly and Characterization of a Droplet Interface Bilayer

Assemblaggio a temperatura controllata e caratterizzazione di un bistrato di interfaccia a goccia

The droplet interface bilayer (DIB) method for assembling lipid bilayers (i.e., DIBs) between lipid-coated aqueous droplets in oil offers key benefits ...