Name: external excitation of neurons using electric and magnetic fields in one- and two-dimensional cultures
Uploaded: 2017-05-07T14:00:00
Description: Watch this Scientific Journal Video about External Excitation of Neurons Using Electric and Magnetic Fields in One- and Two-dimensional Cultures at JoVE.com

Yazarlar çok yararlı tartışmalar için Ofer Feinerman Fred Wolf, Menahem Segal, Andreas Neef ve Eitan Reuveny teşekkür ederim. Yazarlar teknolojinin erken sürümlerini geliştirmek için Ilan Breskin ve Jordi Soriano teşekkür ederim. Yazarlar teorik kavramlarla yardım Tsvi Tlusty ve Jean-Pierre Eckmann teşekkür ederim. Bu araştırma Minerva Vakfı, Bilim ve Teknoloji, İsrail, Bakanlığı tarafından ve İsrail Bilim Vakfı hibe 1320-1309 ve Bi-Ulusal Bilim Vakfı hibe 2008331 tarafından desteklenmiştir.

Etik Beyanı: Hayvan işlemeyi kapsayan Prosedürler Weizmann Bilim Enstitüsü Kurumsal Hayvan Bakım ve Kullanım Komitesi (IACUC) ve uygun İsrail hukuk kurallarına uygun olarak yapıldı. Weizmann Enstitüsü Laboratuarı Uluslar arası Hayvan Bakım Değerlendirme ve Akreditasyon Derneği (AAALAC) tarafından akredite edilmiştir. Weizmann Kurumsal Hayvan Bakım ve Kullanım Komitesi hipokampal nöronlar ile yürütülen bu çalışmayı onayladı. (2D) iki boyutlu ve tek boyutlu (1D) Hi...

<ol>
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C., Deisseroth, K. <a target="_blank" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?db=PubMed&cmd=Search&doptcmdl=Citation&defaultField=Title+Word&term=Optogenetics.">Optogenetics.</a> Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 110 (41), 16287 (2013).</li><li>Rotem, A., Moses, E. <a target="_blank" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?db=PubMed&cmd=Search&doptcmdl=Citation&defaultField=Title+Word&term=Magnetic+stimulation+of+curved+nerves.">Magnetic stimulation of curved nerves.</a> IEEE Trans Biomed Eng. 53 (3), 414-420 (2006).</li><li>Rotem, A., Moses, E. <a target="_blank" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?db=PubMed&cmd=Search&doptcmdl=Citation&defaultField=Title+Word&term=Magnetic+stimulation+of+one-dimensional+neuronal+cultures.">Magnetic stimulation of one-dimensional neuronal cultures.</a> Biophys J. 94 (12), 5065-5078 (2008).</li><li>Feinerman, O., Moses, E. <a target="_blank" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?db=PubMed&cmd=Search&doptcmdl=Citation&defaultField=Title+Word&term=A+picoliter+'fountain-pen'+using+co-axial+dual+pipettes.">A picoliter 'fountain-pen' using co-axial dual pipettes.</a> J Neurosci Methods. 127 (1), 75-84 (2003).</li><li>Feinerman, O., Segal, M., Moses, E. <a target="_blank" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?db=PubMed&cmd=Search&doptcmdl=Citation&defaultField=Title+Word&term=Signal+propagation+along+unidimensional+neuronal+networks.">Signal propagation along unidimensional neuronal networks.</a> J Neurophysiol. 94 (5), 3406-3416 (2005).</li><li>Papa, M., Bundman, M. 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1D desen çeşitli uygulamalar için kullanılabilir önemli bir araçtır. Örneğin, nöronal kültürler 29 mantık kapıları oluşturmak ve daha yakın zamanda sıçan hipokampal nöronlarının 5 Chronaxie ve Rheobase ölçmek ve kıyasla Down sendromlu hipokampal nöronlar ateşleme aktivitesinin sinyal yayılma hızının yavaşlatılması için 1D model oluşturmanın kullandık vahşi tip (WT) hipokampal nöronlar 27. 1D desen için öneri...

nöronlar ve dış elektrik alan arasındaki etkileşimin temel etkileri yanı sıra pratik olanları vardır. Bu, dışarıdan uygulanan bir elektrik alanı dokuyu harekete ki Volta zamanlardan beri bilinmekle birlikte, nöronlarda bir Sonuçta elde edilen eylem potansiyeli üretimi için sorumlu olan mekanizmalar sadece son 3, 4, 2, 1 çözülemeyen başlıyor. Bu elektrik alanı 2, 5 yanıt nöron membran potansiyelinin depolarizasyonu, membran özelliklerinin ve iyon kanallarının rolü ve hatta bölgeyi neden mekanizmasına ilişkin sorulara cevap bulmak içerir. Nörostimülasyon 6, 7, 8, 9 Tedavi, <supclass = &quot;xref&quot;&gt; 10 metodolojiler etkilenen alanları hedefleyen ve tedavinin sonucunu anlamak için önemli olabilir, bu bilgilerin, özellikle bağımlıdır. Böyle bir anlayış da beyinde farklı alanlarda uyarılması için tedavi protokolleri ve yeni yaklaşımlar geliştirmede yardımcı olabilir. In vivo beyin içinde etkileşimi Ölçüm Bu anlayışa önemli bir bileşen ekler, ancak hassas olmamasından ve kafatası içindeki ölçümler, düşük kontrol edilebilirlik nedeniyle engellenmektedir. Bunun aksine, kültürlerde ölçümleri kolayca yüksek hassasiyet, gürültü performansı mükemmel sinyal ve tekrarlanabilirliği ve kontrol, yüksek bir derecede yüksek hacimde gerçekleştirilebilir. Toplu ağ davranışı nöronal özelliklerinin büyük bir çeşitlilik 14, 13, 12, 11 açımlanabilir kültürleri kullanılarak, </sup&gt; 15, 16. Benzer şekilde, bu iyi bir şekilde kontrol sistemi optogenetically aktif nöronların 17, 18 optik uyarılması sırasında kanalı açma, 19 aksiyon potansiyelinin oluşturmak için sorumlu kadar, örneğin diğer uyarım yöntemler işe hangi mekanizma, açıklık son derece etkili olduğu tahmin edilmektedir. İşte odak verimli bir dış elektrik alanı sayesinde nöronlara heyecanlandırmak araçlar geliştirilmesi ve anlayış açıklayan üzerindedir. Bu yazıda tek boyutlu kültürleri farklı yapılandırmalar ve banyo elektrotlarla doğrudan uygulanan bir elektrik alanı yönünü, ve iki boyutlu son olarak uyarılması ile uyarı, iki boyutlu ve tek boyutlu model verilmiş hipokampal kültürlerin hazırlanmasını tarif desenli zamana göre değişen bir elektrik alanı oluşturur, manyetik alan,5, 20, 21.

<table>
	<tbody>
		<tr>
			<td>APV</td>
			<td>Sigma-Aldrich</td>
			<td>A8054</td>
			<td>Disconnect the network. Mentioned in Section 2.4.2</td>
		</tr>
		<tr>
			<td>B27 supp</td>
			<td>Gibco</td>
			<td>17504-044</td>
			<td>Plating medium. Mentioned in Section 1.1.1</td>
		</tr>
		<tr>
			<td>bicuculline</td>
			<td>Sigma-Aldrich</td>
			<td>14343</td>
			<td>Disconnect the network&#160;. Mentioned in Section 2.4.2</td>
		</tr>
		<tr>
			<td>Borax (sodium tetraborate decahydrate)</td>
			<td>Sigma-Aldrich</td>
			<td>S9640</td>
			<td>Borate buffer. Mentioned in Section 1.1.2</td>
		</tr>
		<tr>
			<td>Boric acid</td>
			<td>Frutarom LTD</td>
			<td>5550710</td>
			<td>Borate buffer. Mentioned in Section 1.1.2</td>
		</tr>
		<tr>
			<td>CaCl2 , 1M</td>
			<td>Fluka&#160;</td>
			<td>21098</td>
			<td>Extracellular recording solution&#160;. Mentioned in Section 1.5.2</td>
		</tr>
		<tr>
			<td>CNQX</td>
			<td>Sigma-Aldrich</td>
			<td>C239</td>
			<td>Disconnect the network&#160;. Mentioned in Section 2.4.2</td>
		</tr>
		<tr>
			<td>COMSOL</td>
			<td>COMSOL Inc</td>
			<td>Multiphysics 3.5</td>
			<td>Numerical simulation. Mentioned in Section 3.5.2</td>
		</tr>
		<tr>
			<td>D-(+)-Glucose, 1M</td>
			<td>Sigma-Aldrich</td>
			<td>65146</td>
			<td>Plating medium, Extracellular recording solution&#160;. Mentioned in Section 1.1.1&#160;&#160;&#160; 1.5.2</td>
		</tr>
		<tr>
			<td>D-PBS</td>
			<td>Sigma-Aldrich</td>
			<td>D8537</td>
			<td>Cell Cultures. Mentioned in Section 1.2.4&#160;&#160;&#160; 1.2.6</td>
		</tr>
		<tr>
			<td>FCS(FBS)</td>
			<td>Gibco</td>
			<td>12657-029</td>
			<td>Plating medium. Mentioned in Section 1.1.1</td>
		</tr>
		<tr>
			<td>Fibronectin</td>
			<td>Sigma-Aldrich</td>
			<td>F1141</td>
			<td>Bio Coating. Mentioned in Section 1.2.6</td>
		</tr>
		<tr>
			<td>Fluo4, AM</td>
			<td>Life technologies</td>
			<td>F14201</td>
			<td>Imaging of spontaneous or evoked activity&#160;. Mentioned in Section 1.5.1&#160;&#160;&#160; 1.5.3&#160;&#160;&#160; 1.5.5</td>
		</tr>
		<tr>
			<td>FUDR</td>
			<td>Sigma-Aldrich</td>
			<td>F0503</td>
			<td>Changing medium. Mentioned in Section 1.4.1</td>
		</tr>
		<tr>
			<td>Gentamycin</td>
			<td>Sigma-Aldrich</td>
			<td>G1272</td>
			<td>Plating medium, Changing medium, Final medium. Mentioned in Section 1.1.1</td>
		</tr>
		<tr>
			<td>GlutaMAX 100X</td>
			<td>Gibco</td>
			<td>35050-038</td>
			<td>Plating medium, Changing medium, Final medium. Mentioned in Section 1.1.1</td>
		</tr>
		<tr>
			<td>Hepes, 1M</td>
			<td>Sigma-Aldrich</td>
			<td>H0887</td>
			<td>Extracellular recording solution&#160;. Mentioned in Section 1.5.2</td>
		</tr>
		<tr>
			<td>HI HS&#160;</td>
			<td>BI</td>
			<td>04-124-1A</td>
			<td>Plating medium, Changing medium, Final medium. Mentioned in Section 1.1.1&#160;&#160;&#160; 1.4.1&#160;&#160;&#160; 1.4.2</td>
		</tr>
		<tr>
			<td>KCl,&#160; 3M</td>
			<td>Merck</td>
			<td>1049361000</td>
			<td>Extracellular recording solution. Mentioned in Section 1.5.2</td>
		</tr>
		<tr>
			<td>Laminin&#160;</td>
			<td>Sigma-Aldrich</td>
			<td>L2020</td>
			<td>Bio Coating. Mentioned in Section 1.2.6</td>
		</tr>
		<tr>
			<td>MEM x 1</td>
			<td>Gibco</td>
			<td>21090-022</td>
			<td>Plating medium, Changing medium, Final medium. Mentioned in Section 1.4.1&#160;&#160;&#160; 1.4.2</td>
		</tr>
		<tr>
			<td>MgCl2 , 1M</td>
			<td>Sigma-Aldrich</td>
			<td>M1028</td>
			<td>Extracellular recording solution. Mentioned in Section 1.5.2</td>
		</tr>
		<tr>
			<td>NaCl, 4M</td>
			<td>Bio-Lab</td>
			<td>19030591</td>
			<td>Extracellular recording solution&#160;. Mentioned in Section 1.5.2</td>
		</tr>
		<tr>
			<td>Octadecanethiol</td>
			<td>Sigma-Aldrich</td>
			<td>01858</td>
			<td>Cleaning Cr-Au coated coverslips (1D cultures). Mentioned in Section 1.2.3</td>
		</tr>
		<tr>
			<td>Pluracare F108 NF Prill</td>
			<td>BASF Corparation&#160;</td>
			<td>50475278</td>
			<td>Bio-Rejection Coating, Bio Coating. Mentioned in Section 1.2.4&#160;&#160;&#160; 1.2.6</td>
		</tr>
		<tr>
			<td>Poly-L-lysine 0.01% solution&#160;</td>
			<td>Sigma-Aldrich</td>
			<td>&#160;P47075</td>
			<td>Promote cell division. Mentioned in Section 1.1.4</td>
		</tr>
		<tr>
			<td>Sucrose, 1M</td>
			<td>Sigma-Aldrich</td>
			<td>S1888</td>
			<td>Extracellular recording solution&#160;. Mentioned in Section 1.5.2</td>
		</tr>
		<tr>
			<td>Thiol&#160;</td>
			<td>Sigma-Aldrich</td>
			<td>1858</td>
			<td>Bio-Rejection Coating. Mentioned in Section 1.2.3</td>
		</tr>
		<tr>
			<td>URIDINE</td>
			<td>Sigma-Aldrich</td>
			<td>U3750</td>
			<td>Changing medium. Mentioned in Section 1.4.1</td>
		</tr>
		<tr>
			<td>Sputtering machine</td>
			<td>AJA International, Inc</td>
			<td>ATC Orion-5Series&#160;</td>
			<td>coating glass with thin layers of metal. Mentioned in Section 1.2.2</td>
		</tr>
		<tr>
			<td>Pen plotter&#160;</td>
			<td>Hewlett Packard&#160;</td>
			<td>HP 7475A</td>
			<td>Etching of pattern to the coated coverslip. Mentioned in Section 1.2.5</td>
		</tr>
		<tr>
			<td>Electrodes wires&#160;</td>
			<td>A-M Systems, Carlsborg WA</td>
			<td>767000</td>
			<td>Electric stimulation of neuronal cultures. Mentioned in Section 2.1&#160;&#160;&#160; 2.2&#160;&#160;&#160; 2.3&#160;&#160; 2.4.5</td>
		</tr>
		<tr>
			<td>Signal generator</td>
			<td>BKPrecision</td>
			<td>4079</td>
			<td>Shaping of the electric signal. Mentioned in Section 2.3</td>
		</tr>
		<tr>
			<td>Amplifier</td>
			<td>Homemade</td>
			<td></td>
			<td>Voltage amplification of the signal from the signal generator to the electrodes. Mentioned in Section 2.3</td>
		</tr>
		<tr>
			<td>Power supply</td>
			<td>Matrix&#160;</td>
			<td>MPS-3005 LK-3&#160;</td>
			<td>Power supply to the sputtering machine. Mentioned in Section 1.2.2.3</td>
		</tr>
		<tr>
			<td>Transcranial magnetic stimulation</td>
			<td>Magstim, Spring Gardens, UK</td>
			<td>Rapid 2</td>
			<td>Magnetic stimulation of neuronal culture. Mentioned in Section 3.1&#160;&#160; 3.3&#160;&#160; 3.4</td>
		</tr>
		<tr>
			<td>Epoxy</td>
			<td>Cognis</td>
			<td>Versamid 140</td>
			<td>Casting of homemade coils. Mentioned in Section 3.4</td>
		</tr>
		<tr>
			<td>Epoxy</td>
			<td>Shell</td>
			<td>EPON 815&#160;</td>
			<td>Casting of homemade coils. Mentioned in Section 3.4</td>
		</tr>
		<tr>
			<td>Platinum wires 0.005&#39;&#39; thick; A-M Systems,&#160;</td>
			<td>&#160;Carlsborg WA</td>
			<td>&#160;767000</td>
			<td>Electric stimulation of neuronal cultures. Mentioned in Section 2.1</td>
		</tr>
		<tr>
			<td>Circular magnetic coil</td>
			<td>Homemade</td>
			<td></td>
			<td>Magnetic stimulation of neuronal culture. Mentioned in Section 3.3</td>
		</tr>
		<tr>
			<td>WaveXpress SW</td>
			<td>B&#38;K Precision&#160;</td>
			<td></td>
			<td>Waveform editing software. Mentioned in Section 2.1.32</td>
		</tr>
		<tr>
			<td>Xion Ultra 897</td>
			<td>Andor</td>
			<td></td>
			<td>Sensitive EMCCD camera. Mentioned in Section 2.4.4</td>
		</tr>
	</tbody>
</table>

external excitation of neurons using electric and magnetic fields in one- and two-dimensional cultures

zar potansiyeli, belirli bir eşik değerini aştığında bir nöron, bir eylem potansiyelini ateşleyeceği şeklindeki. beyin tipik aktivitesi, bu da sinaps kimyasal girdi bir sonucu olarak ortaya çıkar. Ancak, nöronlar da dayatılan elektrik alanı ile uyarılabilir. Özellikle, son klinik uygulamalar dışarıdan bir elektrik alanı oluşturarak nöronları aktif hale getirin. Bu nöron dış alana yanıt verir ve hangi işlemin potansiyelini nasıl neden araştırmak için ilgi odağı olmaktadır. Neyse ki, bir dış elektrik alanı hassas ve kontrollü bir uygulama, kesilmiş ayrılır ve kültür içinde yetiştirilir, embriyonik nöronal hücreler için mümkündür. Bu son derece tekrarlanabilir sisteminde bu soruların soruşturma sağlar. Bu yazıda nöronal kültürler üzerinde dış elektrik alanın kontrollü uygulama için kullanılan bazı teknikler gözden geçirilmiştir. Ağlar ya tek boyutlu, yani linea de desenli olabilirr biçimleri ya da substrat bütün düzlemde büyümesine izin verilir ve bu şekilde iki boyutlu. Ayrıca, tahrik sıvısı (banyo elektrotlar) &#39;de ya da manyetik impuls uzaktan yaratılması kullanarak elektrik alanı uyararak daldırılmış elektrodlar aracılığıyla elektrik alanının doğrudan uygulanması ile oluşturulabilir.

<html> Sunulan protokol nöronal kültürlerin kolay uygulamalar için elektron verir. Biz uyarılması için geliştirilmiş çeşitli yöntemler ile kombine edildiğinde, sağlıklı ve hastalıklı nöronlar 27 özelliklerini karşılaştırmak için bir fonksiyonu olarak kültürleri canlandırmak için en uygun yollar bulmak, böyle Chronaxie ve Rheobase 5 gibi bazı içsel nöron özelliklerin ölçümlerini yapar sağlar yapıları ve...

Watch this Scientific Journal Video about External Excitation of Neurons Using Electric and Magnetic Fields in One- and Two-dimensional Cultures at JoVE.com

External Excitation of Neurons Using Electric and Magnetic Fields in One- and Two-dimensional Cultures

Nöronal kültürler tek nöronlar üzerindeki etkisi veya nöronların nüfusu yoluyla ortaya çıkan beyin stimülasyonu teknikleri incelemek için iyi bir modeldir. Banyo elektrotlar doğrudan üretilen ya da zaman içinde değişen bir manyetik alan tarafından indüklenen bir elektrik alanı ile desenli nöronal kültürler uyarılması için farklı yöntemler burada sunulmuştur.

Bir ve İki Boyutlu Kültürlerde Elektrik ve Manyetik Alanlar Kullanan Nöronların Harici Uyarımı

A neuron will fire an action potential when its membrane potential exceeds a certain threshold. In typical activity of the brain, this occurs as a result ...

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Dissection and Culture of Commissural Neurons from Embryonic Spinal Cord

Embriyonik Omurilik Commissural Nöronlar Diseksiyon ve Kültür

Commissural neurons have been widely used to investigate the mechanisms underlying axon guidance during embryonic spinal cord development. The cell bodies ...

Using Affordable LED Arrays for Photo-Stimulation of Neurons

Nöronlar Foto-Stimülasyon için uygun fiyatlı LED Diziler

Standard slice electrophysiology has allowed researchers to probe individual components of neural circuitry by recording electrical responses of single ...

Comprehensive Profiling of Dopamine Regulation in Substantia Nigra and Ventral Tegmental Area

Substantia nigra ve ventral Tegmental Bölgesi Dopamin Yönetmelik Kapsamlı Profilleme

Dopamine is a vigorously studied neurotransmitter in the CNS. Indeed, its involvement in locomotor activity and reward-related behaviour has fostered five ...

One Mouse, Two Cultures: Isolation and Culture of Adult Neural Stem Cells from the Two Neurogenic Zones of Individual Mice

Bir Fare, İki Kültür: İzolasyon ve Yetişkin Nöral Kültür Bireysel Farelerde iki Nörojenik Bölgeler&#39;den Kök Hücre

The neurosphere assay and the adherent monolayer culture system are valuable tools to determine the potential (proliferation or differentiation) of adult ...

The Use of Magnetic Resonance Spectroscopy as a Tool for the Measurement of Bi-hemispheric Transcranial Electric Stimulation Effects on Primary Motor Cortex Metabolism

Birincil Motor Cortex Metabolizması Üzerindeki Bi-hemisferik Transkraniyal Elektrik Stimülasyon Etkileri Ölçüm Aracı Olarak Manyetik Rezonans Spektroskopisi Kullanımı

Transcranial direct current stimulation (tDCS) is a neuromodulation technique that has been increasingly used over the past decade in the treatment of ...

Rapid Genotyping of Animals Followed by Establishing Primary Cultures of Brain Neurons

Hayvanlar Rapid Genotipleme Beyin Nöronlar İlköğretim Kültürler kurulması izledi

High-resolution analysis of the morphology and function of mammalian neurons often requires the genotyping of individual animals followed by the analysis ...

Reliable Identification of Living Dopaminergic Neurons in Midbrain Cultures Using RNA Sequencing and TH-promoter-driven eGFP Expression

RNA sıralaması ve TH-organizatörü odaklı eGFP İfade Kullanımı orta beyin Kültürlerde Yaşayan dopaminerjik nöronlar güvenilir Kimlik

In Parkinson&#39;s Disease (PD) there is widespread neuronal loss throughout the brain with pronounced degeneration of dopaminergic neurons in the SNc, ...

Quantification of Endosome and Lysosome Motilities in Cultured Neurons Using Fluorescent Probes

Floresan Probları Kullanan Kültürlü Nöronlarda Endozom ve Lizozom Hareketlerinin Nicelendirilmesi

In the brain, membrane trafficking systems play important roles in regulating neuronal functions, such as neuronal morphology, synaptic plasticity, ...

Preparations and Protocols for Whole Cell Patch Clamp Recording of Xenopus laevis Tectal Neurons

Preparations and Protocols for Whole Cell Patch Clamp Recording of Xenopus laevis Tectal Neurons

Ürünleri ve tüm hücre yama kelepçe kayıt Xenopus laevis Tectal nöronlar için iletişim kuralları

The Xenopus tadpole retinotectal circuit, comprised of the retinal ganglion cells (RGCs) in the eye which form synapses directly onto neurons in the optic ...

Ballistic Labeling of Pyramidal Neurons in Brain Slices and in Primary Cell Culture

Beyin Dilimlerinde ve Birincil Hücre Kültüründe Piramidal Nöronların Balistik Etiketlemesi

It has been reported that the size and shape of dendritic spines is related to their structural plasticity. To identify the morphological structure of ...