Name: purification of native complexes for structural study using a tandem affinity tag method
Uploaded: 2016-07-27T15:00:00
Description: Watch this Scientific Journal Video about Purification of Native Complexes for Structural Study Using a Tandem Affinity Tag Method at JoVE.com

The authors are grateful for the support and advice of Nikolaus Grigorieff. We thank Anna Loveland, Axel Brilot, Chen Xu, and Mike Rigney for helpful discussions and EM guidance. This work was funded by the National Science Foundation, Award No. 1157892. The Brandeis EM facility is supported by National Institutes of Health grant P01 GM62580.

注意：下面的协议被设计为一个复杂的纯化从4升细胞培养物，细胞的大约40克湿重。一旦制备，所有缓冲区应储存在4℃并且在一个月它们的制备中使用。还原剂和蛋白酶抑制剂仅加入缓冲液在使用前。 1.全细胞提取的制备串联亲和纯化<ol><li> S.生长酵母细胞 <ol><li>连胜所需的TAP标记S.酵母菌株从存储器（-80°C）到酵母蛋白胨葡萄糖（YPD）板。孵育3 - 5天（3...

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该TAP方法利用两个标签来平衡需要严格和选择性的结合到亲和树脂保持接近生理溶液条件的愿望。这种平衡的作用是保持与净化后的特征相互作用的因子（S）标签蛋白的稳定的相互作用（S）。此外，个别的TAP标记的ORFs可从商业来源，这样就可以得到具有为任何酵母复杂的标签化蛋白质的任何酵母菌株。保留的复合物的完整性和资源，以测试在用于纯化的复杂使用不同标记的蛋白质亚基的可用性?...

许多主要的细胞过程是由大的蛋白质和蛋白质-RNA复合物1进行。一个显著瓶颈进行这种复合物的生物物理和结构研究是获得并在适当浓度的合适的质量（ 即 ，均匀性）它们。从天然来源隔离一个复杂的具有许多优点，包括护亚单位的相关转录后和/或翻译后修饰和投保适当的复杂的装配。然而，大蜂窝络合物以低拷贝数通常存在于细胞和纯化必须高效和近生理条件下发生，以确保复杂的完整性。来自真核来源纯化络合物是特别具有挑战性的，并且可以在经济上令人望而却步。因此，是有效率和产生均匀复杂的策略或方法是高度期望的。 这种策略已经成功地从净化真核细胞的天然复合物为他们的初步定性是串联亲和纯化（TAP）的方法2,3。该方法TAP最初设计在复杂的纯化由芽殖酵母（ 酿酒酵母）天然蛋白与之交互因子（S）2。该方法TAP利用了两个标签，串联融合到同一个蛋白质编码基因序列的每个标签。被选择的代码，以便平衡需要紧和选择性结合的亲和树脂，以保持接近生理溶液条件的愿望。这种平衡的作用是保持与净化后的特征相互作用的因子（S）标签蛋白的稳定的相互作用（S）。的基因组引入的TAP标记被放置在末端（C-末端）的蛋白质编码基因的和由一个序列编码的钙调蛋白结合肽（CBP），随后通过蛋白A的 - 加成刚刚超过20千道尔顿到标签蛋白。 CBP短，26个氨基酸，并通过识别的〜17 kDa蛋白钙调素在钙的存在下用K 的D 10 -9量级M 4上。蛋白A标记是较大，由58残两个重复与重复之间的短连接体。每58个氨基酸重复由免疫球蛋白G（IgG）的用K D〜10 -8 M 5识别。这两个标记之间成立的TEV蛋白酶，从烟草蚀纹病毒6,7内肽酶的识别位点。 如图1所示，在TAP标记蛋白的方法的第1亲和性步骤经由蛋白A的标记的蛋白质是由在加入TEV蛋白酶，位点特异性之间切割的洗脱上柱裂解绑定至IgG树脂这两个标签。这是一个必要的步骤为IgG的互动和蛋白A是非常强的，只能解变性的条件下得到充分的扰动。由于缺乏公关otein一个标记，该蛋白质结合到CaM的树脂在钙的存在下，并从该树脂与另外的金属离子螯合剂EGTA（乙二醇四乙酸）（ 图1）的洗脱。 引进TAP方法，它在一个大规模研究用于生成不久后，“地图”在S.复杂的相互作用酵母 8。重要的是，作为这种努力的整个酵母-TAP标记开放阅读框（ORF）库的结果，以及个别的TAP标记的ORF 9是可从商业来源。因此，可以得到具有为任何酵母复杂的标签化蛋白质的任何酵母菌株。在TAP方法还刺激了修改或在TAP标记的变体，其中包括：其用于从其它真核以及细菌细胞10,11配合物的纯化使用;一个“拆分标签”，其中蛋白质A和CBP被放置在不同的蛋白质12的设计;和TAGS改变，以便容纳研究者的需要，如复合物的 Ca 2+或EGTA 13的灵敏度。 在这两个仪器和方法学的最新进展已经导致了结构确定在电子显微镜（EM）的应用显著的进步，已导致高，接近大分子复合14的原子分辨率的图像。通过获得EM复杂的分辨率，但是，仍然在研究中的复杂的质量而定。这项研究利用了TAP标签的方式从S.净化酵母 U1的核蛋白，18亚基（〜0.8 MDA）低拷贝数核糖核蛋白复合物，是剪接体15,16的一部分。一些已采取步骤以纯化这种复合物，例如，它是均匀的和适当的浓度。在纯化的各阶段中遇到的潜在问题被描述，并采取克服CHALL策略恩格斯强调。通过仔细评估和净化优化步骤中，U1核蛋白纯化是适用于负染色和电子显微镜冷冻（冷冻电镜）研究数量质量和。用于结构研究天然复合物的纯化的优化TAP方法协议在本文中描述。

<table border="1" fo:keep-together.within-page="1" fo:keep-with-next.within-page="always">
	<tbody>
		<tr>
			<td>S. cerevisiae TAP tagged strain</td>
			<td>Open Biosystems</td>
			<td>YSC1177</td>
			<td>This is the primary yeast strain used to develop the TAP protocol. Its background is S288C: ATCC 201388: MATa, his3&#916;1, leu2&#916;0, met15&#916;0, ura3&#916;0, SNU71::TAP::HIS3MX6</td>
		</tr>
		<tr>
			<td>Coffee grinder</td>
			<td>Mr. Coffee</td>
			<td>IDS77</td>
			<td>Used for cell lysis</td>
		</tr>
		<tr>
			<td>Hemocytometer, Bright Line</td>
			<td>Hausser Scientific</td>
			<td>3120</td>
			<td>Used to assess cell lysis</td>
		</tr>
		<tr>
			<td>JA 9.100 centrifuge rotor&#160;</td>
			<td>Beckman Coulter, Inc.</td>
			<td></td>
			<td>Used to harvest the yeast cells</td>
		</tr>
		<tr>
			<td>JA 20 fixed-angle centrifuge rotor</td>
			<td>Beckman Coulter, Inc.</td>
			<td></td>
			<td>Used to clear the cell extract of non-soluble cellular material</td>
		</tr>
		<tr>
			<td>Ti 60 fixed-angle centrifuge rotor</td>
			<td>Beckman Coulter, Inc.</td>
			<td></td>
			<td>Used to further clear the soluble cell extract</td>
		</tr>
		<tr>
			<td>Thermomixer</td>
			<td>Eppendorf</td>
			<td>R5355</td>
			<td>Temperature controlled shaker</td>
		</tr>
		<tr>
			<td>Novex gel system</td>
			<td>Thermo Fisher Scientific&#160;</td>
			<td></td>
			<td></td>
		</tr>
		<tr>
			<td>IgG resin</td>
			<td>GE Healthcare</td>
			<td>17-0969-01</td>
			<td>Sepharose 6 fast flow</td>
		</tr>
		<tr>
			<td>Calmodulin resin</td>
			<td>Agilent Technologies, Inc.</td>
			<td>214303</td>
			<td>Affinity resin</td>
		</tr>
		<tr>
			<td>Protease inhibitor cocktail, mini tablets</td>
			<td>Sigma Aldrich</td>
			<td>589297</td>
			<td>Mini cOmplete ultra EDTA-free tablets</td>
		</tr>
		<tr>
			<td>Protease inhibitor cocktail, large tablets</td>
			<td>Sigma Aldrich</td>
			<td>5892953</td>
			<td>cOmplete ultra EDTA-free tablets</td>
		</tr>
		<tr>
			<td>Phenylmethanesulfonyl fluoride (PMSF)</td>
			<td></td>
			<td></td>
			<td>Dissolved in isopropanol</td>
		</tr>
		<tr>
			<td>2 mL Bio-spin column</td>
			<td>Bio-Rad Laboratories, Inc.</td>
			<td>7326008</td>
			<td>Used to pack and wash the Calmodulin resin</td>
		</tr>
		<tr>
			<td>10 mL poly-prep column</td>
			<td>Bio-Rad Laboratories, Inc.</td>
			<td>7311550</td>
			<td>Used to pack and wash the IgG resin</td>
		</tr>
		<tr>
			<td>Precast native PAGE Bis-Tris gels</td>
			<td>Life Technologies</td>
			<td>BN1002</td>
			<td>Novex NativePAGE Bis-Tris 4-16% precast polyacrylamide gels</td>
		</tr>
		<tr>
			<td>NativeMark protein standard</td>
			<td>Thermo Fisher Scientific</td>
			<td>LC0725</td>
			<td>Unstained protein standard used for native PAGE. Load 7.5 &#956;L for a silver stained gel and 5 &#956;L for a SYPRO Ruby stained gel</td>
		</tr>
		<tr>
			<td>Precast SDS PAGE Bis-Tris gels</td>
			<td>Life Technologies</td>
			<td>NP0321</td>
			<td>Novex Nu-PAGE Bis-Tris 4-12% precast polyacrylamide gels&#160;</td>
		</tr>
		<tr>
			<td>PageRuler protein standard</td>
			<td>Thermo Fisher Scientific</td>
			<td>26614</td>
			<td>Unstained protein standard used for Western blotting</td>
		</tr>
		<tr>
			<td>SDS running buffer</td>
			<td>Life Technologies</td>
			<td>NP0001</td>
			<td>1x NuPAGE MOPS SDS Buffer</td>
		</tr>
		<tr>
			<td>TAP antibody</td>
			<td>Thermo Fisher Scientific</td>
			<td>CAB1001</td>
			<td>Primary antibody against CBP tag</td>
		</tr>
		<tr>
			<td>Secondary antibody</td>
			<td>Thermo Fisher Scientific</td>
			<td>31341</td>
			<td>Goat anti-rabbit alkaline phosphatase conjugated</td>
		</tr>
		<tr>
			<td>BCIP/NBT</td>
			<td>Thermo Fisher Scientific</td>
			<td>34042</td>
			<td>5-bromo-4-chloro-3-indolyl-phosphate/nitro blue tetrazolium&#160;</td>
		</tr>
		<tr>
			<td>Dialaysis units</td>
			<td>Thermo Fisher Scientific</td>
			<td>88401</td>
			<td>Slide-A-Lyzer mini dialysis units</td>
		</tr>
		<tr>
			<td>Centrifugal filter units, 100kDa MWCO</td>
			<td>EMD Millipore</td>
			<td>UFC5100008</td>
			<td>Amicon Ultra-0.5 Centrifugal Filter Unit with Ultracel-100 membrane</td>
		</tr>
		<tr>
			<td>Detergent absorbing beads</td>
			<td>Bio-Rad Laboratories, Inc.</td>
			<td>1523920</td>
			<td>Bio-bead SM-2 absorbants</td>
		</tr>
		<tr>
			<td>SYBR Green II</td>
			<td>Thermo Fisher Scientific</td>
			<td>S-7564</td>
			<td>Flourescent dye for nucleic acid staining, when detecting with SYPRO Ruby present, use excitation wavelength of 488 nm and emission wavelength of 532 nm</td>
		</tr>
		<tr>
			<td>SYPRO Ruby</td>
			<td>Molecular Probes</td>
			<td>S-12000</td>
			<td>Flourescent dye for protein staining, when detecting with SYBR Green II present, use excitation wavelength of 457 nm and emission wavelength of 670 nm</td>
		</tr>
		<tr>
			<td>Copper grids</td>
			<td>Electron Microscopy Sciences</td>
			<td>G400-CP</td>
			<td></td>
		</tr>
	</tbody>
</table>

purification of native complexes for structural study using a tandem affinity tag method

亲和纯化的方法已经成功地分离出原生复合蛋白质组学表征。结构的异质性和一定程度的复杂的成分异质性通常不妨碍进行这种研究的进展。与此相反，用于结构表征的复合应是既在组成和结构上均匀的，以及在比所需的蛋白质组学更高浓度的状态下进行纯化。最近，一直在电子显微镜的应用的大型大分子复合物结构的决心显著的进步。这加剧了利益的方法通过电子显微镜净化足够数量和质量结构测定天然复合物。串联亲和纯化（TAP）的方法进行了优化，提取和纯化的18亚基，从〜芽殖酵母0.8丙二醛核蛋白组件（ 酿酒酵母） </EM&gt;适用于负染色和电子显微镜低温。这里有详细的TAP方法，做出这些改变的理由所作的修改，以及采取的方法测定的在组成和结构均匀复杂。

使用了改良的方法TAP从S.净化酵母 U1的核蛋白，18亚基核糖核蛋白复合体。公布的协议2,3以下复杂的初始的TAP纯化，得到一个复合物，出现异类，迁移作为银三个频带染色天然聚丙烯酰胺凝胶（ 图2A）。在TAP方法的优化的多轮，产生了迁移，主要是一个单波段上指示更均匀组件（ 图2A）的天然凝胶的配合物。用荧光染料染色为...

Watch this Scientific Journal Video about Purification of Native Complexes for Structural Study Using a Tandem Affinity Tag Method at JoVE.com

Purification of Native Complexes for Structural Study Using a Tandem Affinity Tag Method

The Tandem Affinity Purification (TAP) method has been used extensively to isolate native complexes from cellular extract, primarily eukaryotic, for proteomics. Here, we present a TAP method protocol optimized for purification of native complexes for structural studies.

本机配合物的净化对结构研究使用串联亲和标签法

Affinity purification approaches have been successful in isolating native complexes for proteomic characterization. Structural heterogeneity and a degree ...

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Biology

Purification and Visualization of Influenza A Viral Ribonucleoprotein Complexes

A型流感病毒的核蛋白复合物的分离纯化及可视化

The influenza A viral genome consists of eight negative-sense, single stranded RNA molecules, individually packed with multiple copies of the influenza A ...

科研

生物学

Isolation and Purification of Drosophila Peripheral Neurons by Magnetic Bead Sorting

Isolation and Purification of Drosophila Peripheral Neurons by Magnetic Bead Sorting

分离纯化果蝇</em磁性微球的排序>外周神经元

The Drosophila peripheral nervous system (PNS) is a powerful model for investigating the complex processes of neuronal development and dendrite ...

Analyzing Large Protein Complexes by Structural Mass Spectrometry

大蛋白复合物结构质谱分析

Living cells control and regulate their biological processes through the coordinated action of a large number of proteins that assemble themselves into an ...

Blue Native Polyacrylamide Gel Electrophoresis (BN-PAGE) for Analysis of Multiprotein Complexes from Cellular Lysates

Blue Native Polyacrylamide Gel Electrophoresis BN-PAGE for Analysis of Multiprotein Complexes from Cellular Lysates

蓝原生聚丙烯酰胺凝胶电泳（BN - PAGE）分析，从细胞裂解液多蛋白复合物

Multiprotein complexes (MPCs) play a crucial role in cell signalling, since most proteins can be found in functional or regulatory complexes with other ...

Orthogonal Protein Purification Facilitated by a Small Bispecific Affinity Tag

由一个小型的双特异性亲和标签的推动正交蛋白质纯化

Due to the high costs associated with purification of recombinant proteins the protocols need to be rationalized. For high-throughput efforts there is a ...

Identification of Protein Interacting Partners Using Tandem Affinity Purification

鉴定蛋白质相互作用的合作伙伴使用串联亲和纯化

A critical and often limiting step in understanding the function of host and viral proteins is the identification of interacting cellular or viral protein ...

Identification of Protein Complexes in Escherichia coli using Sequential Peptide Affinity Purification in Combination with Tandem Mass Spectrometry

Identification of Protein Complexes in Escherichia coli using Sequential Peptide Affinity Purification in Combination with Tandem Mass Spectrometry

蛋白复合物的鉴定<em&gt;大肠杆菌</em使用顺序肽亲和纯化技术相结合串联质谱法

Since most cellular processes are mediated by macromolecular assemblies, the systematic identification of protein-protein interactions (PPI) and the ...

High-throughput Purification of Affinity-tagged Recombinant Proteins

高通量的亲和标签的重组蛋白的纯化

X-ray crystallography is the method of choice for obtaining a detailed view of the structure of proteins. Such studies need to be complemented by further ...

GST-His purification: A Two-step Affinity Purification Protocol Yielding Full-length Purified Proteins

GST-他的净化：一个两步亲和纯化协议屈服全长纯化的蛋白质

Key assays in enzymology for the biochemical characterization of proteins in vitro necessitate high concentrations of the purified protein of interest. ...

Protein Purification-free Method of Binding Affinity Determination by Microscale Thermophoresis

蛋白质纯化方法测定结合亲和力微尺度热泳

Quantitative characterization of protein  interactions is essential in practically any field of life sciences,  particularly drug discovery. Most of ...