CA acknowledges a Discovery grant from the Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada. CA acknowledges a Chair in Pharmaceutics and Drug Delivery from GSK. The authors declare no competing financial interest.

<img alt="Figur 1" src="/files/ftp_upload/54422/54422fig1.jpg" /> Figur 1. Skjematisk viser de ni viktigste trinnene i utarbeidelsen av MPEG-b -PPheGE copolymer. <a href="http://ecsource.jove.com/files/ftp_upload/54422/54422fig1large.jpg" target="_blank">Klikk her for å se en større versjon av dette tallet.</a> 1. Utarbeidelse av reagenser tørr veibane <ol><li> Fremstilling av reagensene. <ol><li> Vei opp 15 g av mPEG-5K (Mn = 5...

<ol>
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På grunn av den gode kontroll som anionisk polymerisering gir over molekylvekt er det en av de mest anvendte prosesser i industrien for fremstilling av polymerer basert på oksiran monomerer (PEG og PPG). Optimale og strenge vilkår må brukes for vellykket polymerisasjon skal oppnås. Streng rensing av alle reagenser og passende apparat er avgjørende for den levende karakter av syntesen. Begrensninger av dagens oppsett er for det meste knyttet til overføringsteknikk som er avhengig av kanylering. Ved hjelp av riktig...

I vandige media, amfifile blokk-kopolymerer sammen for å danne nanostørrelse blokk-kopolymer miceller (BCMS) som består av en hydrofob kjerne omgitt av et hydrofilt skall eller korona. Micellen kjerne kan tjene som et reservoar for inkorporering av hydrofobe medikamenter; mens, gir den hydrofile korona et grensesnitt mellom kjernen og det ytre medium. Poly (etylenglykol) (PEG) og dets derivater er en av de viktigste klasser av polymerer, og en av de mest utbredt i legemiddelformulering. 1-3 BCMS har vist seg å være en verdig medikamenttilførselsplattform med flere formuleringer avhengig av denne teknologi nå i sent stadium klinisk utvikling. 4 hyppigst, den hydrofobe blokk av kopolymeren består av polykaprolakton, poly (D, L-laktid), poly (propylenoksyd) eller poly (β-benzyl-L-aspartat). 5 -9 Kataoka gruppe undersøkt sfæriske miceller dannet fra PEO- b </em&gt; -PBLA Og poly (etylenoksid) - b -. (Polyasparginsyre-konjugert doxorubicin) for levering av doxorubicin (DOX) 10.11 I sine rapporter, de legger frem at π-rc samspillet mellom polymer-konjugert narkotika eller PBLA og gratis DOX handle for å stabilisere micelle kjernen resulterer i en økning i narkotika lasting og oppbevaring. Det er fastslått at kompatibilitet eller interaksjoner mellom et stoff og kjernedannende blokk er faktorer som bestemmer sentrale ytelsesrelaterte parametere. 12 I tillegg til DOX, en rekke kreftbehandling inkluderer aromatiske ringer innenfor sitt kjernestruktur (for eksempel metotreksat, olaparib, SN -38). Som et resultat er det en betydelig interesse for fremstilling av kopolymerer som inkluderer benzyl- ringer i sine kjernedannende blokker. Anionisk ringåpningspolymerisering av PEG og dets derivater muliggjøre kontroll over molekylvekten og resulterer i materialer med lav polydispersitet i godt utbytte. 13,14 Ethylene oksyd med fenylglycidyleter (PheGE) eller styrenoksyd (SO) kan (ko) polymeriseres for å danne blokk-kopolymerer som danner miceller for solubilisering av hydrofobe legemidler. 15-18 Denne rapporten beskriver de nødvendige skritt for å leve anionisk polymerisasjon av fenyl- glysidyleteren monomer på mPEG-OH som macroinitiator (figur 1). Den resulterende blokk-kopolymer og dets aggregater blir så preget i form av egenskaper som er relevante å bruke i levering av legemidler.

<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" width="742">
	<colgroup>
		<col span="2" />
		<col />
		<col span="2" />
		<col />
		<col span="2" />
		<col />
	</colgroup>
	<tbody>
		<tr height="62">
			<td colspan="3" dir="LTR" height="62" style="height:62px;width:224px;">DMEM/HAMF12</td>
			<td colspan="3" style="width:227px;">Gibco, Life Technologies</td>
			<td colspan="2" style="width:125px;">12500</td>
			<td dir="LTR" style="width:171px;">Supplemented with 10%FBS. Warm in 37 &#176;C water bath 
			&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;</td>
		</tr>
		<tr height="20">
			<td colspan="3" height="20" style="height:20px;">Trypsin-EDTA(0.25%)</td>
			<td colspan="3">Sigma-Aldrich</td>
			<td colspan="2">T4049</td>
			<td dir="LTR">Warm in 37 &#176;C water bath&#160;</td>
		</tr>
		<tr height="20">
			<td colspan="3" dir="LTR" height="20" style="height:20px;">Fetal bovine serum (FBS)</td>
			<td colspan="3">Sigma-Aldrich</td>
			<td colspan="2">F1051</td>
			<td dir="LTR">Canada origin</td>
		</tr>
		<tr height="20">
			<td colspan="3" dir="LTR" height="20" style="height:20px;">MDA-MB-468 cell line</td>
			<td colspan="3">ATCC</td>
			<td colspan="2">HTB-132</td>
			<td></td>
		</tr>
		<tr height="20">
			<td colspan="3" dir="LTR" height="20" style="height:20px;">MTS tetrazolium reagent</td>
			<td colspan="3">PROMEGA</td>
			<td colspan="2">G111B</td>
			<td></td>
		</tr>
		<tr height="20">
			<td colspan="3" height="20" style="height:20px;">Phenazine ethosulfate (PES)</td>
			<td colspan="3">Sigma-Aldrich</td>
			<td colspan="2">P4544</td>
			<td dir="LTR">&#62;95%</td>
		</tr>
		<tr height="20">
			<td colspan="3" dir="LTR" height="20" style="height:20px;">mPEG5K (Mn 5400 g/mol)</td>
			<td colspan="3">Sigma-Aldrich</td>
			<td colspan="2">81323</td>
			<td>PDI=1.02</td>
		</tr>
		<tr height="20">
			<td colspan="3" dir="LTR" height="20" style="height:20px;">Dimethylsolfoxide (DMSO)</td>
			<td colspan="3">Sigma-Aldrich</td>
			<td colspan="2">D4540</td>
			<td dir="LTR">&#62;99.5%</td>
		</tr>
		<tr height="20">
			<td colspan="3" dir="LTR" height="20" style="height:20px;">Naphthalene</td>
			<td colspan="3">Sigma-Aldrich</td>
			<td colspan="2">147141</td>
			<td dir="LTR">&#62;99%</td>
		</tr>
		<tr height="20">
			<td colspan="3" dir="LTR" height="20" style="height:20px;">Phenyl glycidyl ether</td>
			<td colspan="3">Sigma-Aldrich</td>
			<td colspan="2">A32608</td>
			<td dir="LTR">&#62;85%</td>
		</tr>
		<tr height="20">
			<td colspan="3" dir="LTR" height="20" style="height:20px;">Benzophenone</td>
			<td colspan="3">Sigma-Aldrich</td>
			<td colspan="2">427551</td>
			<td dir="LTR">&#62;99%</td>
		</tr>
		<tr height="20">
			<td colspan="3" dir="LTR" height="20" style="height:20px;">Potassium</td>
			<td colspan="3">Sigma-Aldrich</td>
			<td colspan="2">451096</td>
			<td dir="LTR">&#62;98%</td>
		</tr>
		<tr height="20">
			<td colspan="3" dir="LTR" height="20" style="height:20px;">Tetrahydrofuran</td>
			<td colspan="3">Caledon Laboratory Chemicals</td>
			<td colspan="2">8900 1</td>
			<td dir="LTR">ACS</td>
		</tr>
		<tr height="20">
			<td colspan="3" dir="LTR" height="20" style="height:20px;">Hexane</td>
			<td colspan="3">Caledon Laboratory Chemicals</td>
			<td colspan="2">5500 1</td>
			<td dir="LTR">ACS</td>
		</tr>
		<tr height="20">
			<td colspan="3" dir="LTR" height="20" style="height:20px;">Calcium hydride (CaH2)</td>
			<td colspan="3">ACP</td>
			<td colspan="2">C-0460</td>
			<td dir="LTR">&#62;99.5%</td>
		</tr>
		<tr height="20">
			<td colspan="3" dir="LTR" height="20" style="height:20px;">Diethyl Ether</td>
			<td colspan="3">Caledon Laboratory Chemicals</td>
			<td colspan="2">1/10/4800</td>
			<td dir="LTR">ACS</td>
		</tr>
		<tr height="20">
			<td colspan="3" dir="LTR" height="20" style="height:20px;">Microplate reader</td>
			<td colspan="3">BioTek Instruments</td>
			<td colspan="2"></td>
			<td></td>
		</tr>
		<tr height="20">
			<td colspan="3" dir="LTR" height="20" style="height:20px;">Differential scanning calorimetry (DSC)</td>
			<td colspan="3">TA Instruments Inc</td>
			<td colspan="2">DSC Q100</td>
			<td></td>
		</tr>
		<tr height="32">
			<td colspan="3" dir="LTR" height="32" style="height:32px;">Gel permeation chromatography (GPC)</td>
			<td colspan="3">Waters</td>
			<td colspan="2" style="width:125px;">2695 separation moldule / 2414 detector&#160;</td>
			<td dir="LTR" style="width:171px;">2 Columns: Agilent Plgel 5&#181;m Mixed-D</td>
		</tr>
		<tr height="20">
			<td colspan="3" dir="LTR" height="20" style="height:20px;">NMR spectroscopy</td>
			<td colspan="3">Varian Mercury 400MHz</td>
			<td colspan="2"></td>
			<td></td>
		</tr>
		<tr height="20">
			<td colspan="3" dir="LTR" height="20" style="height:20px;">Chloroform-d</td>
			<td colspan="3">Sigma-Aldrich</td>
			<td colspan="2">151858</td>
			<td dir="LTR">99.96%</td>
		</tr>
		<tr height="20">
			<td colspan="3" dir="LTR" height="20" style="height:20px;">DMSO-d</td>
			<td colspan="3">Sigma-Aldrich</td>
			<td colspan="2">156914</td>
			<td dir="LTR">99.96%</td>
		</tr>
		<tr height="20">
			<td colspan="3" height="20" style="height:20px;">Vaccum pump&#160;</td>
			<td colspan="3">Gardner Denver Welch Vacuum Tech, Inc.</td>
			<td colspan="2"></td>
			<td>Ultimate&#160; pressure 1.10-4 torr</td>
		</tr>
		<tr height="20">
			<td colspan="3" height="20" style="height:20px;">Drierit with indicator, 8 mesh</td>
			<td colspan="3">Sigma-Aldrich</td>
			<td colspan="2">238988</td>
			<td>Regenerated at 230&#176;C for 2 hrs</td>
		</tr>
	</tbody>
</table>

anionic polymerization of an amphiphilic copolymer for preparation of block copolymer micelles stabilized by &#960;-&#960; stacking interactions

I denne studien ble en amfifil kopolymer som inkluderer et kjernedannende blokk med fenylgrupper syntetisert ved hjelp av levende anionisk polymerisasjon av fenylglycidyleter (PheGE) på metoksy-polyetylenglykol (MPEG-b -PPheGE). Karakterisering av kopolymeren viste en snever molekylvektfordeling (PDI &lt;1,03) og bekreftet graden av polymerisering av mPEG 122 - b - (PheGE) 15. Den kritiske micellekonsentrasjonen av kopolymeren ble evaluert ved anvendelse av en etablert metode for fluorescens med aggregeringen oppførsel evaluert ved dynamisk lysspredning, og overføring elektronisk mikroskopi. Potensialet av copolymer for bruk i stoffet levering søknader ble evaluert i en foreløpig måte inkludert in vitro biokompatibilitet, lasting og frigjøring av den hydrofobe anti-kreft narkotika doxorubicin (DOX). En stabil micelle formulering av DOX ble utarbeidet med narkotika lasting nivåer opp til 14% (vekt%), legemiddelmengden efficiencies&gt; 60% (vekt / vekt) og forlenget frigivelse av medikament i løpet av 4 døgn under fysiologiske relevante betingelser (sur og nøytral pH-verdi, tilstedeværelse av albumin). Den høye medikamentbelastning nivå og forsinket frigjøring skyldes stabilisere n-π interaksjoner mellom DOX og den kjernedannende blokk av micellene.

<img alt="Figur 3" src="/files/ftp_upload/54422/54422fig3.jpg" /> Figur 3. Illustrasjon av den anioniske polymerisasjon av fenylglycidyleter med mPEG macroinitiator for å produsere MPEG-b - (PheGE) 15 for fremstilling av blokk-kopolymer miceller for lasting av doksorubicin Den skjematisk illustrerer deprotonering av hydroksylgruppen av mPEG ved hjelp av naftalen kalium. som en ...

Watch this Scientific Journal Video about Anionic Polymerization of an Amphiphilic Copolymer for Preparation of Block Copolymer Micelles Stabilized by Ãâ‚¬-Ãâ‚¬ Stacking Interactions at JoVE.com

Anionic Polymerization of an Amphiphilic Copolymer for Preparation of Block Copolymer Micelles Stabilized by ÃƒÆ’Ã‚ÂÃƒÂ¢Ã¢â‚¬Å¡Ã‚Â¬-ÃƒÆ’Ã‚ÂÃƒÂ¢Ã¢â‚¬Å¡Ã‚Â¬ Stacking Interactions

De viktigste trinn i levende anionisk polymerisering av fenylglycidyleter (PheGE) på metoksy-polyetylenglykol (MPEG-b -PPheGE) er beskrevet. De resulterende blokk-kopolymer miceller (BCMS) ble lastet med doksorubicin 14% (vekt%) og forlenget frigivelse av medikament i løpet av 4 døgn under fysiologiske relevante betingelser ble oppnådd.

Anioniske polymerisering av en amfifil copolymer for forberedelse av blokk-kopolymer Miceller stabilisert av π-rc stabling Interactions

In this study, an amphiphilic copolymer that includes a core-forming block with phenyl groups was synthesized by living anionic polymerization of phenyl ...

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Anionic Polymerization of an Amphiphilic Copolymer for Preparation of Block Copolymer Micelles Stabilized by &#960;-&#960; Stacking Interactions

Synthetic Polymers

Ethers, Epoxides, Sulfides

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