Name: synthesis of cyclic polymers and characterization of their diffusive motion in the melt state at the single molecule level
Uploaded: 2016-09-26T14:00:00
Description: Watch this Scientific Journal Video about Synthesis of Cyclic Polymers and Characterization of Their Diffusive Motion in the Melt State at the Single Molecule Level at JoVE.com

This work was supported by a Grant-in-Aid for Scientific Research No. 22750122 (S.H.), No. 26288099 (T.Y.), and No. 23350050 (Y.T.) of the Japan Society for the Promotion of Science. S.H. is grateful for The Kurata Memorial Hitachi Science and Technology Foundation. The research reported in this publication was supported by the King Abdullah University of Science and Technology (S.H.).

단관 능성 및 이작 용성 폴리 1. 합성 (THF) <ol><li> 관능 폴리 (THF) <ol><li> 불꽃 2 구 100 ㎖의 둥근 바닥 플라스크를 건조. 진공 및 질소 (3 회)와 플라스크를 입력합니다. </li><li> 플라스크에 증류수 테트라 하이드로 퓨란 (THF) (50 ㎖)를 추가합니다. 20 ℃에서 물을 용기에 플라스크를 놓고, 온도를 평형화. </li><li> 주사기로 플라스크에 메틸 트리 플레이트 (0.5 밀리몰)를 추가합니다. 20 ° C에?...

<ol>
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4 무장과 8 모양의 중합체. 합성을위한 중요한 단계 인 ESA-CF 프로토콜 (그림 1)을 통해 제조 12, 24 단관 능성과 관능 성 선형 폴리 (THF)의 N -phenylpiperidinium 말 단기와이었다 하였다 위의 절차에 따라 합성. 11 이온 교환 복실 과잉 량을 함유하는 수용액에 트리 플레이트 카운터 음이온을 가진 폴리머 전구체의 아세톤 용액으로 재침을 실시 하였다. <p class="jove_conte...

Cyclic polymers are unique in that they do not have chain ends. They often exhibit unusual behaviors which is distinct from their linear counterpart, including increased thermal stability of polymer micelles by a linear-to-cyclic conversion,1,2 and spatial organization of DNA in bacterial cells by a loop formation.3 Topological interactions between the cyclic chains are believed to be the critical factor for such unusual behaviors.4,5 Therefore, characterizing the motion and relaxation of cyclic polymers under entangled conditions has been an important research topic in polymer science for decades.6
Cyclic polymer dynamics has been investigated using both synthetic and naturally occurring molecules by means of ensemble averaged experimental methods such as nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR), light scattering, and viscosity measurements.7-9 However, these studies often suffer from impurity molecules in the samples.10 Furthermore, spatiotemporal heterogeneities of the motion of individual molecules caused by inherent structural heterogeneity of entangled polymers are often hidden behind the ensemble averaging in these studies. In order to characterize molecular level dynamics of cyclic polymers, a synthesis method that provides high purity cyclic polymers and an experimental and analysis methods that allow for quantitative characterization of molecular motion at the single molecule level have to be developed. Here, we will show a method to synthesize high-purity cyclic and dicyclic poly(THF)s that incorporate a fluorophore unit using an electrostatic self-assembly and covalent fixation (ESA-CF) process11-13 and a method to analyze the motion of the individual fluorophore-incorporated polymer chains using a combination of mean-squared displacement (MSD) and cumulative distribution function (CDF) analyses.
A proper data processing has been shown to be essential for the accurate characterization of the diffusive motion. With an adequate MSD and CDF analyses, a multiple-mode diffusion of the cyclic and dicyclic polymers in the melt and semi-dilute solution of the linear polymer chains has been revealed,14-16 suggesting the significant effects of the topological states of the polymers on the diffusive motion of the chains under entangled conditions.17 While the experimental and analytical approaches to characterize the motion of the cyclic polymers are described in this protocol, the same method can be used to quantitatively characterize the diffusive motion in many other heterogeneous systems. The approach would be especially suitable when multiple diffusion components existing in the samples are to be analyzed.

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			<td height="21" style="height:21px;width:320px;">Materials</td>
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			<td height="21" style="height:21px;width:320px;">THF</td>
			<td style="width:240px;">Godo</td>
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			<td></td>
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			<td height="21" style="height:21px;width:320px;">Wakosil C-300</td>
			<td style="width:240px;">Wako Pure Chemical Industries</td>
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			<td></td>
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			<td height="21" style="height:21px;width:320px;">Acetone</td>
			<td style="width:240px;">Godo</td>
			<td style="width:119px;"></td>
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			<td height="21" style="height:21px;width:320px;">Toluene</td>
			<td style="width:240px;">Godo</td>
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			<td height="21" style="height:21px;width:320px;">n-Hexane</td>
			<td style="width:240px;">Godo</td>
			<td style="width:119px;"></td>
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			<td height="21" style="height:21px;width:320px;">CHCl3</td>
			<td style="width:240px;">Kanto Chemical</td>
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			<td height="21" style="height:21px;width:320px;">Bio-Beads S-X1</td>
			<td style="width:240px;">Bio-Rad</td>
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			<td height="21" style="height:21px;width:320px;">Methyl triflate</td>
			<td style="width:240px;">Nacalai Tesque</td>
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			<td height="21" style="height:21px;width:320px;">Triflic anhydride</td>
			<td style="width:240px;">Nacalai Tesque</td>
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			<td height="21" style="height:21px;width:320px;">Potassium Hydroxide</td>
			<td style="width:240px;">Wako Pure Chemical Industries</td>
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			<td height="21" style="height:21px;width:320px;">Ethanol</td>
			<td style="width:240px;">Wako Pure Chemical Industries</td>
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			<td height="21" style="height:21px;width:320px;">Poly(tetrahydrofuran)</td>
			<td style="width:240px;">Aldrich</td>
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			<td height="21" style="height:21px;width:320px;">Chloroform</td>
			<td style="width:240px;">Wako Pure Chemical Industries</td>
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			<td height="21" style="height:21px;width:320px;">Immersion oil</td>
			<td style="width:240px;">Cargille</td>
			<td style="width:119px;">Type 37 / Type A</td>
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			<td height="21" style="height:21px;width:320px;">Equipment</td>
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			<td height="21" style="height:21px;width:320px;">2-Neck 100-mL round-bottom flask</td>
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			<td height="21" style="height:21px;width:320px;">Flask</td>
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			<td height="21" style="height:21px;width:320px;">Beaker</td>
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			<td height="21" style="height:21px;width:320px;">Funnel</td>
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			<td height="21" style="height:21px;width:320px;">Filter paper</td>
			<td style="width:240px;">Whatman</td>
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			<td height="21" style="height:21px;width:320px;">Reflux condenser</td>
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			<td height="21" style="height:21px;width:320px;">Syringe</td>
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			<td height="21" style="height:21px;width:320px;">Water bath</td>
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			<td height="21" style="height:21px;width:320px;">Magnetic stirrer</td>
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			<td height="21" style="height:21px;width:320px;">Rotary evaporator</td>
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		<tr height="21">
			<td height="21" style="height:21px;width:320px;">Microscope cover slips (24 x 24 mm, No. 1)</td>
			<td style="width:240px;">Matsunami Glass</td>
			<td style="width:119px;">CO22241</td>
			<td></td>
		</tr>
		<tr height="21">
			<td height="21" style="height:21px;width:320px;">Staining jar</td>
			<td style="width:240px;">AS ONE Corporation</td>
			<td style="width:119px;">1-7934-01</td>
			<td></td>
		</tr>
		<tr height="21">
			<td height="21" style="height:21px;width:320px;">Ultrasonic cleaner</td>
			<td style="width:240px;">VWR International&#160;</td>
			<td style="width:119px;">142-0047</td>
			<td></td>
		</tr>
		<tr height="21">
			<td height="21" style="height:21px;width:320px;">Inverted microscope</td>
			<td style="width:240px;">Olympus</td>
			<td style="width:119px;">IX71</td>
			<td></td>
		</tr>
		<tr height="21">
			<td height="21" style="height:21px;width:320px;">Ar-Kr ion laser</td>
			<td style="width:240px;">Coherent</td>
			<td style="width:119px;">Innova 70C</td>
			<td></td>
		</tr>
		<tr height="21">
			<td height="21" style="height:21px;width:320px;">Berek compensator</td>
			<td style="width:240px;">Newport</td>
			<td align="right" style="width:119px;">5540</td>
			<td></td>
		</tr>
		<tr height="21">
			<td height="21" style="height:21px;width:320px;">Excitation filter</td>
			<td style="width:240px;">Semrock</td>
			<td style="width:119px;">LL01-488-12.5</td>
			<td></td>
		</tr>
		<tr height="21">
			<td height="21" style="height:21px;width:320px;">Dichloric mirror</td>
			<td style="width:240px;">Omega optical</td>
			<td style="width:119px;">500DRLP</td>
			<td></td>
		</tr>
		<tr height="21">
			<td height="21" style="height:21px;width:320px;">Emission filter</td>
			<td style="width:240px;">Semrock</td>
			<td style="width:119px;">BLP01-488R-25</td>
			<td></td>
		</tr>
		<tr height="21">
			<td height="21" style="height:21px;width:320px;">Lens and mirror</td>
			<td style="width:240px;">Thorlabs</td>
			<td style="width:119px;"></td>
			<td></td>
		</tr>
		<tr height="21">
			<td height="21" style="height:21px;width:320px;">EM-CCD camera</td>
			<td style="width:240px;">Andor Technology</td>
			<td style="width:119px;">iXon</td>
			<td></td>
		</tr>
		<tr height="21">
			<td height="21" style="height:21px;width:320px;">Objective lens (x100, N.A. = 1.3)</td>
			<td style="width:240px;">Olympus</td>
			<td style="width:119px;">UPLFLN 100XOP</td>
			<td></td>
		</tr>
		<tr height="21">
			<td height="21" style="height:21px;width:320px;">Objective heater</td>
			<td style="width:240px;">Bioptechs</td>
			<td style="width:119px;"></td>
			<td></td>
		</tr>
		<tr height="21">
			<td height="21" style="height:21px;width:320px;">Preparative GPC</td>
			<td style="width:240px;">Japan Analytical Industry</td>
			<td style="width:119px;">LC-908</td>
			<td></td>
		</tr>
	</tbody>
</table>

synthesis of cyclic polymers and characterization of their diffusive motion in the melt state at the single molecule level

We demonstrate a method for the synthesis of cyclic polymers and a protocol for characterizing their diffusive motion in a melt state at the single molecule level. An electrostatic self-assembly and covalent fixation (ESA-CF) process is used for the synthesis of the cyclic poly(tetrahydrofuran) (poly(THF)). The diffusive motion of individual cyclic polymer chains in a melt state is visualized using single molecule fluorescence imaging by incorporating a fluorophore unit in the cyclic chains. The diffusive motion of the chains is quantitatively characterized by means of a combination of mean-squared displacement (MSD) analysis and a cumulative distribution function (CDF) analysis. The cyclic polymer exhibits multiple-mode diffusion which is distinct from its linear counterpart. The results demonstrate that the diffusional heterogeneity of polymers that is often hidden behind ensemble averaging can be revealed by the efficient synthesis of the cyclic polymers using the ESA-CF process and the quantitative analysis of the diffusive motion at the single molecule level using the MSD and CDF analyses.

페 릴렌 4 무장 스타를 디이는-통합 8 모양의 dicyclic 폴리 (THF) s는 정전 자기 조립 및 공유 고정 (ESA-CF) 프로세스 (그림 1, 그림 2)를 사용하여 합성 하였다. 시간 경과 단일 분자 형광 이미지는 4 무장 (그림 3a)를 측정하고 (그림 3b) 중합체를 8 자형 하였다. 시간 경과 형광 이미지 (그림 3)은 공간적으로 인해 체인?...

Watch this Scientific Journal Video about Synthesis of Cyclic Polymers and Characterization of Their Diffusive Motion in the Melt State at the Single Molecule Level at JoVE.com

Synthesis of Cyclic Polymers and Characterization of Their Diffusive Motion in the Melt State at the Single Molecule Level

합성 및 단일 분자 수준에서 순환 고분자의 확산 움직임의 특성에 대한 프로토콜이 제공됩니다.

단일 분자 수준에서 순환 고분자의 합성 및 용융 상태에서 그들의 확산 운동의 특성

We demonstrate a method for the synthesis of cyclic polymers and a protocol for characterizing their diffusive motion in a melt state at the single ...

Research

JoVE Journal

Chemistry

Isolation and Chemical Characterization of Lipid A from Gram-negative Bacteria

그람 음성 박테리아에서 분리 및 지질의 화학 특성

Lipopolysaccharide (LPS) is the major cell surface molecule of gram-negative bacteria, deposited on the outer leaflet of the outer membrane bilayer. LPS ...

연구

화학

Synthesis of Hypervalent Iodonium Alkynyl Triflates for the Application of Generating Cyanocarbenes

생성 Cyanocarbenes의 응용 프로그램에 대한 고원자가 요오드 알키 트라이 플레이트의 합성

The procedures described in this article involve the synthesis and isolation of hypervalent iodonium alkynyl triflates (HIATs) and their subsequent ...

Split-and-pool Synthesis and Characterization of Peptide Tertiary Amide Library

분할 및 풀 합성 펩타이드 급 아미드 도서관의 특성

Peptidomimetics are great sources of protein ligands. The oligomeric nature of these compounds enables us to access large synthetic libraries on solid ...

Amide Coupling Reaction for the Synthesis of Bispyridine-based Ligands and Their Complexation to Platinum as Dinuclear Anticancer Agents

이핵 항암제로 플래티넘 비스 피리딘 계 리간드와 이들 착물의 합성 아미드 커플 링 반응

Amide coupling reactions can be used to synthesize bispyridine-based ligands for use as bridging linkers in multinuclear platinum anticancer drugs. ...

The Synthesis, Characterization and Reactivity of a Series of Ruthenium N-triphosPh Complexes

The Synthesis, Characterization and Reactivity of a Series of Ruthenium N-triphosPh Complexes

루테늄의 시리즈의 합성, 특성 및 반응성<em&gt; N</em&gt; -triphos<sup&gt; 박사</sup&gt; 단지

Herein we report the synthesis of a tridentate phosphine ligand N(CH2PPh2)3 (N-triphosPh) (1) via a phosphorus based Mannich reaction of the ...

Synthesis, Characterization, and Functionalization of Hybrid Au/CdS and Au/ZnS Core/Shell Nanoparticles

합성, 특성 및 하이브리드 금 / CD 및 금 /은 ZnS 코어 / 쉘 나노 입자의 작용 화

Plasmonic nanoparticles are an attractive material for light harvesting applications due to their easily modified surface, high surface area and large ...

Protocol for the Synthesis of Ortho-trifluoromethoxylated Aniline Derivatives

Protocol for the Synthesis of Ortho-trifluoromethoxylated Aniline Derivatives

의 합성을위한 프로토콜<em&gt; 직교</em&gt; -trifluoromethoxylated 아닐린 파생 상품

Molecules bearing trifluoromethoxy (OCF3) group often show desired pharmacological and biological properties. However, facile synthesis of ...

Synthesis of Protein Bioconjugates via Cysteine-maleimide Chemistry

Synthesis of Protein Bioconjugates via Cysteine-maleimide Chemistry

The chemical linking or bioconjugation of proteins to fluorescent dyes, drugs, polymers and other proteins has a broad range of applications, such as the ...

Insights into the Interactions of Amino Acids and Peptides with Inorganic Materials Using Single-Molecule Force Spectroscopy

단일 분자 힘 분광학을 사용하여 무기 재료와 아미노산 및 펩타이드의 상호 작용에 대한 통찰력

The interactions between proteins or peptides and inorganic materials lead to several interesting processes. For example, combining proteins with minerals ...

Using Cyclic Voltammetry, UV-Vis-NIR, and EPR Spectroelectrochemistry to Analyze Organic Compounds

사용 하 여 순환 Voltammetry, UV-Vi-NIR, EPR Spectroelectrochemistry 유기 화합물 분석

Cyclic voltammetry (CV) is a technique used in the analysis of organic compounds. When this technique is combined with electron paramagnetic resonance ...