Name: the rodent model of nonarteritic anterior ischemic optic neuropathy (rnaion)
Uploaded: 2016-11-20T13:00:00
Description: Watch this Scientific Journal Video about The Rodent Model of Nonarteritic Anterior Ischemic Optic Neuropathy rNAION at JoVE.com

Ringraziamo i molti studenti e borsisti che hanno lavorato su questo modello per migliorarne l&#39;efficacia, e per capire i suoi meccanismi. Un ringraziamento particolare va al dott del. Mary Johnson (University of Maryland-Baltimore), Nitza Goldenberg-Cohen (Schneiderman Childrens Hospital, Petah-Tikva, Israel), Charles Zhang (Einstein Medical College, Bronx, NY), e Valerie Touitou (Hopital Salpetrie, Parigi, Francia). Questo studio è stato finanziato in parte da RO1 EY015304 per SLB.

Questo protocollo è stato approvato dalla University of Maryland Istituzionale Cura animali e del Comitato di utilizzo (IACUC, Baltimore, MD, USA) 1. set-up sperimentale <ol><li> Fare una lente a contatto personalizzato progettato da un grado ottico chiaro circolare 7 mm di diametro plexiglass, di 3 mm di spessore. Tagliare le lenti circolari con un trapano a colonna. Utilizzare una punta da trapano standard per rendere la curva interna, e, infine, lucidare le curve esterne ed interne usa...

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	<li>Banik, R. <a target="_blank" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?db=PubMed&cmd=Search&doptcmdl=Citation&defaultField=Title+Word&term=Nonarteritic+Anterior+Ischemic+Optic+Neuropathy:+An+Update+on+Demographics,+Clinical+Presentation,+Pathophysiology,+Animal+Models,+Prognosis,+and+Treatment.">Nonarteritic Anterior Ischemic Optic Neuropathy: An Update on Demographics, Clinical Presentation, Pathophysiology, Animal Models, Prognosis, and Treatment.</a> J. Clin. Experimental Ophthalmol. 10, 1-5 (2013).</li><li>IONDT study group. <a target="_blank" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?db=PubMed&cmd=Search&doptcmdl=Citation&defaultField=Title+Word&term=Characteristics+of+patients+with+nonarteritic+anterior+ischemic+optic+neuropathy+eligible+for+the+Ischemic+Optic+Neuropathy+Decompression+Trial.">Characteristics of patients with nonarteritic anterior ischemic optic neuropathy eligible for the Ischemic Optic Neuropathy Decompression Trial.</a> Arch Ophthalmol. 114, 1366-1374 (1996).</li><li>Tesser, R. A., Niendorf, E. R., Levin, L. A. <a target="_blank" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?db=PubMed&cmd=Search&doptcmdl=Citation&defaultField=Title+Word&term=The+morphology+of+an+infarct+in+nonarteritic+anterior+ischemic+optic+neuropathy.">The morphology of an infarct in nonarteritic anterior ischemic optic neuropathy.</a> Ophthalmology. 110, 2031-2035 (2003).</li><li>Bernstein, S. L., Johnson, M. A., Miller, N. R. <a target="_blank" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?db=PubMed&cmd=Search&doptcmdl=Citation&defaultField=Title+Word&term=Nonarteritic+anterior+ischemic+optic+neuropathy+(NAION)+and+its+experimental+models.">Nonarteritic anterior ischemic optic neuropathy (NAION) and its experimental models.</a> Prog Retin Eye Res. 30, 167-187 (2011).</li><li>Nicholson, J. D., et al. <a target="_blank" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?db=PubMed&cmd=Search&doptcmdl=Citation&defaultField=Title+Word&term=PGJ2+Provides+Prolonged+CNS+Stroke+Protection+by+Reducing+White+Matter+Edema.">PGJ2 Provides Prolonged CNS Stroke Protection by Reducing White Matter Edema.</a> PLoS One. 7 (12), (2012).</li><li>Goldenberg-Cohen, N., et al. <a target="_blank" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?db=PubMed&cmd=Search&doptcmdl=Citation&defaultField=Title+Word&term=Oligodendrocyte+Dysfunction+Following+Induction+of+Experimental+Anterior+Optic+Nerve+Ischemia.">Oligodendrocyte Dysfunction Following Induction of Experimental Anterior Optic Nerve Ischemia.</a> Invest Ophthalmol Vis Sci. 46, 2716-2725 (2005).</li><li>Bernstein, S. L., Guo, Y., Kelman, S. E., Flower, R. W., Johnson, M. A. <a target="_blank" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?db=PubMed&cmd=Search&doptcmdl=Citation&defaultField=Title+Word&term=Functional+and+cellular+responses+in+a+novel+rodent+model+of+anterior+ischemic+optic+neuropathy.">Functional and cellular responses in a novel rodent model of anterior ischemic optic neuropathy.</a> Invest Ophthalmol Vis Sci. 44, 4153-4162 (2003).</li><li>Berger, A., et al. <a target="_blank" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?db=PubMed&cmd=Search&doptcmdl=Citation&defaultField=Title+Word&term=Spectral-Domain+Optical+Coherence+Tomography+of+the+Rodent+Eye:+Highlighting+Layers+of+the+Outer+Retina+Using+Signal+Averaging+and+Comparison+with+Histology.">Spectral-Domain Optical Coherence Tomography of the Rodent Eye: Highlighting Layers of the Outer Retina Using Signal Averaging and Comparison with Histology.</a> PLoS One. 9 (5), (2014).</li><li>Huang, T. L., et al. <a target="_blank" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?db=PubMed&cmd=Search&doptcmdl=Citation&defaultField=Title+Word&term=Protective+effects+of+systemic+treatment+with+methylprednisolone+in+a+rodent+model+of+non-arteritic+anterior+ischemic+optic+neuropathy+(rNAION).">Protective effects of systemic treatment with methylprednisolone in a rodent model of non-arteritic anterior ischemic optic neuropathy (rNAION).</a> Exp Eye Res. 131, 69-76 (2015).</li><li>Mantopoulos, D., et al. <a target="_blank" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?db=PubMed&cmd=Search&doptcmdl=Citation&defaultField=Title+Word&term=An+Experimental+Model+of+Optic+Nerve+Head+Injury.">An Experimental Model of Optic Nerve Head Injury.</a> Invest Ophthalmol Vis Sci. 57, 6222 (2014).</li><li>You, Y., et al. <a target="_blank" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?db=PubMed&cmd=Search&doptcmdl=Citation&defaultField=Title+Word&term=Visual+Evoked+Potential+Recording+in+a+Rat+Model+of+Experimental+Optic+Nerve+Demyelination.">Visual Evoked Potential Recording in a Rat Model of Experimental Optic Nerve Demyelination.</a> J. Vis. Exp. (101), e52934 (2015).</li><li>Templeton, J. P., Geisert, E. E. <a target="_blank" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?db=PubMed&cmd=Search&doptcmdl=Citation&defaultField=Title+Word&term=A+practical+approach+to+optic+nerve+crush+in+the+mouse.">A practical approach to optic nerve crush in the mouse.</a> Mol Vis. 18, 2147-2152 (2012).</li><li>Magharious, M. M., D'Onofrio, P. M., Koeberle, P. D. <a target="_blank" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?db=PubMed&cmd=Search&doptcmdl=Citation&defaultField=Title+Word&term=Optic+Nerve+Transection:+A+Model+of+Adult+Neuron+Apoptosis+in+the+Central+Nervous+System.">Optic Nerve Transection: A Model of Adult Neuron Apoptosis in the Central Nervous System.</a> J Vis Exp. (51), e2241 (2011).</li><li>Wang, Y., et al. <a target="_blank" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?db=PubMed&cmd=Search&doptcmdl=Citation&defaultField=Title+Word&term=A+Novel+Rodent+Model+of+Posterior+Ischemic+Optic+Neuropathy.">A Novel Rodent Model of Posterior Ischemic Optic Neuropathy.</a> JAMA Ophthalmol. 131 (2), 194-204 (2013).</li><li>Huang, T. L., Chang, C. H., Chang, S. W., Lin, K. H., Tsai, R. K. <a target="_blank" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?db=PubMed&cmd=Search&doptcmdl=Citation&defaultField=Title+Word&term=Efficacy+of+Intravitreal+Injections+of+Antivascular+Endothelial+Growth+Factor+Agents+in+a+Rat+Model+of+Anterior+Ischemic+Optic+Neuropathy.">Efficacy of Intravitreal Injections of Antivascular Endothelial Growth Factor Agents in a Rat Model of Anterior Ischemic Optic Neuropathy.</a> IOVS. 56, 2290-2296 (2015).</li></ol>

Mentre ci sono un certo numero di modelli di danno del nervo ottico (nervo ottico crush 12, ottico resezione del nervo 13, e PION 14), il modello rNAION è umano, adattabile a entrambi i ratti e topi. Assomiglia più da vicino le condizioni cliniche umana di NAION. Questa condizione include progressiva anteriore del nervo ottico edema, una sindrome ottico scompartimento del nervo anteriore, focale ischemia assonale, isolato retina cellule gangliari danno assonale e la perdita di più di ...

Nonarteritic neuropatia ottica ischemica anteriore (NAION) è una lesione ischemica focale della porzione anteriore del nervo ottico (ON) 1. NAION è la causa più comune di improvvisa fibre nervose perdita della vista ottico in soggetti di età superiore a 50 2. Il meccanismo è ritenuta essere una sindrome vano che provoca edema intraneurale, e provoca la compressione dei capillari forniscono gli assoni nel nervo ottico 3. Dal momento che l&#39;ON è in realtà un tratto del sistema nervoso centrale (CNS), la NAION roditore modello (rNAION) può essere utilizzato per studiare i meccanismi e le risposte di isolati colpi della sostanza bianca del sistema nervoso centrale. Il modello rNAION può quindi essere utile in sezionare molti problemi connessi con danni relativi corsa di materia bianca. Può essere usato per valutare diverse strategie neuroprotettive e agenti in bianco ictus materia. Una delle caratteristiche più interessanti del modello è che èun indolore, procedura non invasiva. La potenza del laser può essere regolata per produrre vari gradi di danno ischemico. Un&#39;altra caratteristica è che si basa su laser indotta radicali superossido danneggiare l&#39;endotelio capillare, producendo una disfunzione capillare progressiva. È questa disfunzione e progressiva edema che si ritiene essere notevolmente simile al meccanismo che causa NAION. La ricerca ha dimostrato che non provoca la coagulazione capillare diretta, ma agisce attraverso almeno due meccanismi: superossido morte indotta e stripping di alcuni capillare cellule endoteliali 4, e NFkB (fattore nucleare kappa-light-chain-enhancer di cellule B attivate ) associato regolazione infiammatorio in endotelio restante, con un aumento del trasporto di liquidi attraverso le membrane cellulari nell&#39;interstizio 5. La chiusura dei capillari del nervo ottico e compressione causate da interstiziale risultato accumulo di liquido in ottica ischemia testa del nervo. Un quadro schematico è mostrato inFigura 2. Il modello rNAION può essere utilizzato in entrambe le specie di ratti e topi 6,7, e può essere variata nel livello della sua gravità, da una lesione lieve a una distruzione completa, ma indolore del nervo ottico e la retina, tale come occlusione dell&#39;arteria centrale della retina (CRAO).

<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" width="600">
	<tbody>
		<tr height="21">
			<td height="21" style="height:21px;width:216px;">50mW 532nm laser</td>
			<td style="width:99px;">Iridex</td>
			<td style="width:119px;"></td>
			<td style="width:167px;">Standard Ophthalmic Laser</td>
		</tr>
		<tr height="42">
			<td height="42" style="height:42px;width:216px;">0-100mW 532nm laser</td>
			<td style="width:99px;">Laserglow technologies</td>
			<td style="width:119px;"></td>
			<td>Substitute for iridex</td>
		</tr>
		<tr height="21">
			<td height="21" style="height:21px;width:216px;">Laser slit lamp adapter</td>
			<td style="width:99px;">Iridex</td>
			<td style="width:119px;"></td>
			<td>SMA coupled adapter for laser output</td>
		</tr>
		<tr height="42">
			<td height="42" style="height:42px;width:216px;">Cpherent Fieldmate laser meter with thermopile sensor</td>
			<td style="width:99px;">Coherent</td>
			<td style="width:119px;"></td>
			<td>others also appropriate</td>
		</tr>
		<tr height="42">
			<td height="42" style="height:42px;width:216px;">Ophthalmic Examing Slit lamp biomicroscope</td>
			<td style="width:99px;">VArious</td>
			<td style="width:119px;"></td>
			<td>Haag-Streit is the best; cheaper versions available on ebay</td>
		</tr>
		<tr height="21">
			<td height="21" style="height:21px;width:216px;">Rose Bengal</td>
			<td style="width:99px;">Sigma</td>
			<td style="width:119px;">330000-1G</td>
			<td>Photoinducing agent</td>
		</tr>
		<tr height="63">
			<td height="63" style="height:63px;width:216px;">Fundus Contact lens or glass cover slip</td>
			<td style="width:99px;">custom/Cantor and Nissel (UK)</td>
			<td style="width:119px;"></td>
			<td>Custom designed planoconvex plastic lens for eye exam and induction</td>
		</tr>
		<tr height="21">
			<td height="21" style="height:21px;width:216px;">Tropicamide 1%</td>
			<td style="width:99px;"></td>
			<td style="width:119px;"></td>
			<td></td>
		</tr>
		<tr height="21">
			<td height="21" style="height:21px;width:216px;">Tamiya polishing compound</td>
			<td style="width:99px;">Tamiya, INC</td>
			<td align="right" style="width:119px;">87068</td>
			<td>polishing contact lens</td>
		</tr>
		<tr height="63">
			<td height="63" style="height:63px;width:216px;">2.5% Hypromellose (Goniovisc)/1% Methycellulose</td>
			<td style="width:99px;">HUB Pharmaceuticals</td>
			<td style="width:119px;"></td>
			<td>contact lens coupling agent</td>
		</tr>
		<tr height="42">
			<td height="42" style="height:42px;width:216px;">2.5% Neosynephrine Ophthalmic drops</td>
			<td style="width:99px;">Alcon labs</td>
			<td style="width:119px;"></td>
			<td>pupil dilating agent</td>
		</tr>
		<tr height="21">
			<td height="21" style="height:21px;width:216px;">Tropicamide 1%</td>
			<td style="width:99px;">Alcon labs</td>
			<td style="width:119px;"></td>
			<td>pupil dilating agent</td>
		</tr>
		<tr height="21">
			<td height="21" style="height:21px;width:216px;">0.5% Proparacaine</td>
			<td style="width:99px;">Alcon labs</td>
			<td style="width:119px;"></td>
			<td>topical Anesthetic</td>
		</tr>
		<tr height="42">
			<td height="42" style="height:42px;width:216px;">30ga fused needle insulin syringe</td>
			<td style="width:99px;">Various</td>
			<td style="width:119px;">Various</td>
			<td>for intravenous injection of rose bengal</td>
		</tr>
		<tr height="63">
			<td height="63" style="height:63px;width:216px;">Ophthamic Antibiotic ointment with dexamethasone added (Triple antibiotic ointment)</td>
			<td style="width:99px;">Various</td>
			<td style="width:119px;">Various</td>
			<td>Apply after induciton to minimize corneal scarring</td>
		</tr>
		<tr height="63">
			<td height="63" style="height:63px;width:216px;">Heidelberg Corporation Spectral domain-Optical Coherence Tomograph</td>
			<td style="width:99px;">Heidelberg Corportion</td>
			<td style="width:119px;"></td>
			<td>For Optical coherence measurements baseline and post-induction; not essential for induction</td>
		</tr>
	</tbody>
</table>

the rodent model of nonarteritic anterior ischemic optic neuropathy (rnaion)

Nonarteritic anterior ischemic optic neuropathy (NAION) is a focal ischemic lesion of the optic nerve that affects 1/700 individuals throughout their lifetime. NAION results in optic nerve edema, selective loss of the retinal ganglion cell neurons (RGCs) and atrophy of the optic nerve. A rodent model of NAION that expresses most NAION features and sequelae has been developed, which is applicable to both rats and mice. This model utilizes a focal laser application of 532 nm wavelength to illuminate a photoactive dye, Rose Bengal (RB), to cause capillary damage and leakage at the targeted anterior optic nerve (the laminar region). After rNAION induction, there is an early optic nerve ischemia, optic nerve edema, and intraneural inflammation, followed by selective RGC and axonal loss. Since the optic nerve is a CNS white matter tract, the rNAION model is applicable to mechanistic studies of selective white matter ischemia, as well as neuroprotective analyses and short and long-term mechanisms of glial and neuronal response to ischemia.

<html> La visualizzazione lente a contatto abilitato centrale retina (Figura 1). Il punto laser focale illumina il disco ottico sul retro della retina (Figura 2). Il normale retina non-indotta è mostrato ripreso dalla lampada a fessura bio-microscopio (figura 3A) e SD-OCT (Figura 3B e 3C). Durante l&#39;induzione laser, quando nessun colorante è presente nella circolazione, luce laser non comporta recipiente e fluoresce...

Watch this Scientific Journal Video about The Rodent Model of Nonarteritic Anterior Ischemic Optic Neuropathy rNAION at JoVE.com

The Rodent Model of Nonarteritic Anterior Ischemic Optic Neuropathy rNAION

The following report describes how to replicate the rodent model of nonarteritic anterior ischemic optic neuropathy (rNAION), using the appropriate dye, contact lens and laser parameters. We also reveal the appropriate steps for evaluating the rNAION lesion in vivo.

Il modello di roditore di nonarteritic Neuropatia ottica ischemica anteriore (rNAION)

Nonarteritic anterior ischemic optic neuropathy (NAION) is a focal ischemic lesion of the optic nerve that affects 1/700 individuals throughout their ...

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The Rodent Model of Nonarteritic Anterior Ischemic Optic Neuropathy (rNAION)

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