Name: morphology control for fully printable organic&#8211;inorganic bulk-heterojunction solar cells based on a ti-alkoxide and semiconducting polymer
Uploaded: 2017-01-10T13:00:00
Description: Watch this Scientific Journal Video about Morphology Control for Fully Printable OrganicÃ¢â‚¬â€œInorganic Bulk-heterojunction Solar Cells Based on a Ti-alkoxide and Semiconducting Polymer at JoVE.com

Ce travail a été partiellement soutenu par JSPS KAKENHI Grant Number 25871029, la Nippon Sheet Foundation en verre pour la science des matériaux et en génie, et Tochigi Industrial Promotion Center. L&#39;Institut national de technologie, Oyama College, a également aidé avec les frais de publication de cet article.

1. Préparation d&#39;Indium-oxyde d&#39;étain (ITO) en verre pour les cellules solaires de fabrication <ol><li> Couper le substrat ITO / verre. <ol><li> L&#39;utilisation d&#39;un coupe-verre, couper le substrat ITO / verre (10 cm x 10 cm) en morceaux mesurant environ 2 cm x 2 cm. </li></ol></li><li> graver chimiquement la couche conductrice d&#39;ITO. <ol><li> L&#39;utilisation d&#39;un multimètre numérique, vérifiez que le haut de la pièce ITO / verre a un côté conducteur. </li><li> Placez du ruban adhésif ...

<ol>
	<li>Price, C. S., Stuart, C. A., Yang, L., Zhou, H., You, W. <a target="_blank" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?db=PubMed&cmd=Search&doptcmdl=Citation&defaultField=Title+Word&term=Fluorine+substituted+conjugated+polymer+of+medium+band+gap+yields+7%+efficiency+in+polymer-fullerene+solar+cells.">Fluorine substituted conjugated polymer of medium band gap yields 7% efficiency in polymer-fullerene solar cells.</a> J. Am. Chem. Soc. 133 (12), 4625-4631 (2011).</li><li>Liang, Y. Y., et al. <a target="_blank" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?db=PubMed&cmd=Search&doptcmdl=Citation&defaultField=Title+Word&term=For+the+bright+future-Bulk+heterojunction+polymer+solar+cells+with+power+conversion+efficiency+of+7.4%.">For the bright future-Bulk heterojunction polymer solar cells with power conversion efficiency of 7.4%.</a> Adv. Mater. 22, 135-138 (2010).</li><li>Chu, T. -. Y., et al. <a target="_blank" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?db=PubMed&cmd=Search&doptcmdl=Citation&defaultField=Title+Word&term=Bulk+heterojunction+solar+cells+using+thieno[3,4-c]pyrrole-4,6-dione+and+dithieno[3,2-b:2',3'-d]silole+copolymer+with+a+power+conversion+efficiency+of+7.3%.">Bulk heterojunction solar cells using thieno[3,4-c]pyrrole-4,6-dione and dithieno[3,2-b:2',3'-d]silole copolymer with a power conversion efficiency of 7.3%.</a> J. Am. Chem. Soc. 133 (12), 4250-4253 (2011).</li><li>Zhou, H., et al. <a target="_blank" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?db=PubMed&cmd=Search&doptcmdl=Citation&defaultField=Title+Word&term=Development+of+fluorinated+benzothiadiazole+as+a+structural+unit+for+a+polymer+solar+cell+of+7%+efficiency.">Development of fluorinated benzothiadiazole as a structural unit for a polymer solar cell of 7% efficiency.</a> Angew. Chem. Int. Ed. 50 (13), 2995-2998 (2011).</li><li>Janssen, J. A. R., Nelson, J. <a target="_blank" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?db=PubMed&cmd=Search&doptcmdl=Citation&defaultField=Title+Word&term=Factors+limiting+device+efficiency+in+organic+photovoltaics.">Factors limiting device efficiency in organic photovoltaics.</a> Adv. Mater. 25 (13), 1847-1858 (2012).</li><li>Nelson, J. <a target="_blank" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?db=PubMed&cmd=Search&doptcmdl=Citation&defaultField=Title+Word&term=Polymer:fullerene+bulk+heterojunction+solar+cells.">Polymer:fullerene bulk heterojunction solar cells.</a> Mater. Today. 14 (10), 462-470 (2011).</li><li>He, Z., Zhong, C., Su, S., Xu, M., Wu, H., Cao, Y. <a target="_blank" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?db=PubMed&cmd=Search&doptcmdl=Citation&defaultField=Title+Word&term=Enhanced+power-conversion+efficiency+in+polymer+solar+cells+using+an+inverted+device+structure.">Enhanced power-conversion efficiency in polymer solar cells using an inverted device structure.</a> Nat. Photonics. 6, 591-595 (2012).</li><li>Baena, J. P. C., et al. <a target="_blank" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?db=PubMed&cmd=Search&doptcmdl=Citation&defaultField=Title+Word&term=Highly+efficient+planar+perovskite+solar+cells+through+band+alignment+engineering.">Highly efficient planar perovskite solar cells through band alignment engineering.</a> Energy Environ. Sci. 8, 2928-2934 (2015).</li><li>Shuttle, G. C., Hamilton, R., O'Regan, B. C., Nelson, J., Durrant, R. J. <a target="_blank" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?db=PubMed&cmd=Search&doptcmdl=Citation&defaultField=Title+Word&term=Charge-density-based+analysis+of+the+current-voltage+response+of+polythiophene/fullerene+photovoltaic+devices.">Charge-density-based analysis of the current-voltage response of polythiophene/fullerene photovoltaic devices.</a> Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A. 107, 16448-16452 (2010).</li><li>Dibb, G. F. A., Kirchartz, T., Credgington, D., Durrant, R. J., Nelson, J. <a target="_blank" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?db=PubMed&cmd=Search&doptcmdl=Citation&defaultField=Title+Word&term=Analysis+of+the+relationship+between+linearity+of+corrected+photocurrent+and+the+order+of+recombination+in+organic+solar+cells.">Analysis of the relationship between linearity of corrected photocurrent and the order of recombination in organic solar cells.</a> J. Phys. Chem. Lett. 2 (19), 2407-2411 (2011).</li><li>Maurano, A., et al. <a target="_blank" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?db=PubMed&cmd=Search&doptcmdl=Citation&defaultField=Title+Word&term=Transient+optoelectronic+analysis+of+charge+carrier+losses+in+a+selenophene:fullerene+blend+solar+cell.">Transient optoelectronic analysis of charge carrier losses in a selenophene:fullerene blend solar cell.</a> J. Phys. Chem. C. 115, 5947-5957 (2011).</li><li>Yuan, Y., Michinobu, T., Oguma, J., Kato, T., Miyake, K. <a target="_blank" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?db=PubMed&cmd=Search&doptcmdl=Citation&defaultField=Title+Word&term=Attempted+inversion+of+semiconducting+features+of+platinum+polyyne+polymers:+A+new+approach+for+all-polymer+solar+cells.">Attempted inversion of semiconducting features of platinum polyyne polymers: A new approach for all-polymer solar cells.</a> Macromol. Chem. Phys. 214 (13), 1465-1472 (2013).</li><li>Granstr&#246;m, M., et al. <a target="_blank" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?db=PubMed&cmd=Search&doptcmdl=Citation&defaultField=Title+Word&term=Laminated+fabrication+of+polymeric+photovoltaic+diodes.">Laminated fabrication of polymeric photovoltaic diodes.</a> Nature. 395, 257-260 (1998).</li><li>Hal, A. P., et al. <a target="_blank" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?db=PubMed&cmd=Search&doptcmdl=Citation&defaultField=Title+Word&term=Photoinduced+electron+transfer+and+photovoltaic+response+of+a+MDMO-PPV:TiO2+bulk-heterojunction.">Photoinduced electron transfer and photovoltaic response of a MDMO-PPV:TiO2 bulk-heterojunction.</a> Adv. Mater. 15 (2), 118-121 (2003).</li><li>Das, K. S., et al. <a target="_blank" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?db=PubMed&cmd=Search&doptcmdl=Citation&defaultField=Title+Word&term=Controlling+the+processable+ZnO+and+polythiophene+interface+for+dye-densitized+thin+film+organic+solar+cells.">Controlling the processable ZnO and polythiophene interface for dye-densitized thin film organic solar cells.</a> Thin Solid Films. , 302-307 (2013).</li><li>Campoy-Quiles, M., et al. <a target="_blank" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?db=PubMed&cmd=Search&doptcmdl=Citation&defaultField=Title+Word&term=Morphology+evolution+via+self-organization+and+lateral+and+vertical+diffusion+in+polymer:fullerene+solar+cell+blends.">Morphology evolution via self-organization and lateral and vertical diffusion in polymer:fullerene solar cell blends.</a> Nature Materials. 7, 158-164 (2008).</li><li>Schmidt-Hansberg, B., et al. <a target="_blank" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?db=PubMed&cmd=Search&doptcmdl=Citation&defaultField=Title+Word&term=Moving+through+the+phase+diagram:+morphology+formation+in+solution+cast+polymer-fullerene+blend+films+for+organic+solar+cells.">Moving through the phase diagram: morphology formation in solution cast polymer-fullerene blend films for organic solar cells.</a> ACS Nano. 5 (11), 8579-8590 (2011).</li><li>Hou, Q., et al. <a target="_blank" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?db=PubMed&cmd=Search&doptcmdl=Citation&defaultField=Title+Word&term=Novel+red-emitting+fluorene-based+copolymers.">Novel red-emitting fluorene-based copolymers.</a> J. Mater. Chem. 12, 2887-2892 (2002).</li><li>Zheng, L., et al. <a target="_blank" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?db=PubMed&cmd=Search&doptcmdl=Citation&defaultField=Title+Word&term=Synthesis+of+C60+derivatives+for+polymer+photovoltaic+cell.">Synthesis of C60 derivatives for polymer photovoltaic cell.</a> Synth. Met. 135, 827-828 (2003).</li><li>Svensson, M., et al. <a target="_blank" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?db=PubMed&cmd=Search&doptcmdl=Citation&defaultField=Title+Word&term=High-performance+polymer+solar+cells+of+an+alternating+polyfluorene+copolymer+and+a+fullerene+derivative.">High-performance polymer solar cells of an alternating polyfluorene copolymer and a fullerene derivative.</a> Adv. Mater. 15 (12), 988-991 (2003).</li><li>Kato, T., et al. <a target="_blank" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?db=PubMed&cmd=Search&doptcmdl=Citation&defaultField=Title+Word&term=Morphology+control+for+highly+efficient+organic-inorganic+bulk+heterojunction+solar+cell+based+on+Ti-alkoxide.">Morphology control for highly efficient organic-inorganic bulk heterojunction solar cell based on Ti-alkoxide.</a> Thin Solid Films. 600, 98-102 (2016).</li><li>Shibata, Y., et al. <a target="_blank" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?db=PubMed&cmd=Search&doptcmdl=Citation&defaultField=Title+Word&term=Quasi-solid+dye+sensitized+solar+cells+with+ionic+liquid+Increase+in+efficiencies+by+specific+interaction+between+conductive+polymers+and+gelators.">Quasi-solid dye sensitized solar cells with ionic liquid Increase in efficiencies by specific interaction between conductive polymers and gelators.</a> Chem. Comm. 21, 2730-2731 (2003).</li><li>Wu, J., et al. <a target="_blank" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?db=PubMed&cmd=Search&doptcmdl=Citation&defaultField=Title+Word&term=A+thermoplastic+gel+electrolyte+for+stable+quasi-solid-state+dye-sensitized+solar+cells.">A thermoplastic gel electrolyte for stable quasi-solid-state dye-sensitized solar cells.</a> Adv. Funct. Mater. 17 (15), 2645-2652 (2007).</li><li>Johansson, J. M. E., et al. <a target="_blank" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?db=PubMed&cmd=Search&doptcmdl=Citation&defaultField=Title+Word&term=Photovoltaic+and+interfacial+properties+of+heterojunctions+containing+dye+sensitized+dense+TiO2+and+Tri-arylamine+derivatives.">Photovoltaic and interfacial properties of heterojunctions containing dye sensitized dense TiO2 and Tri-arylamine derivatives.</a> Chem. Mater. 19 (8), 2017-2078 (2007).</li><li>Echlin, P. <a target="_blank" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?db=PubMed&cmd=Search&doptcmdl=Citation&defaultField=Title+Word&term=.">.</a> Handbook of Sample Preparation for Scanning Electron Microscopy and X-Ray Microanalysis. , (2011).</li><li>Flegler, S. L., Heckman, J. W., Klomparens, K. L. <a target="_blank" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?db=PubMed&cmd=Search&doptcmdl=Citation&defaultField=Title+Word&term=.">.</a> Scanning and Transmission Electron Microscopy: An Introduction. , (1993).</li><li>Cowan, R. S., Roy, A., Heeger, J. A. <a target="_blank" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?db=PubMed&cmd=Search&doptcmdl=Citation&defaultField=Title+Word&term=Recombination+in+polymer-fullerene+bulk+heterojunction+solar+cells.">Recombination in polymer-fullerene bulk heterojunction solar cells.</a> Phys. Rev. B. 82 (24), 245207 (2010).</li><li>Street, A. R., Cowan, S., Heeger, J. A. <a target="_blank" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?db=PubMed&cmd=Search&doptcmdl=Citation&defaultField=Title+Word&term=Experimental+test+for+geminate+recombination+applied+to+organic+solar+cells.">Experimental test for geminate recombination applied to organic solar cells.</a> Phys. Rev. B. 82 (12), 121301 (2010).</li><li>Shuttle, G. C., et al. <a target="_blank" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?db=PubMed&cmd=Search&doptcmdl=Citation&defaultField=Title+Word&term=Charge+extraction+analysis+of+charge+carrier+densities+in+a+polythiophene/fullerene+solar+cell:+Analysis+of+the+origin+of+the+device+dark+current.">Charge extraction analysis of charge carrier densities in a polythiophene/fullerene solar cell: Analysis of the origin of the device dark current.</a> Appl. Phys. Lett. 93, 183501 (2008).</li><li>Shuttle, G. C., et al. <a target="_blank" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?db=PubMed&cmd=Search&doptcmdl=Citation&defaultField=Title+Word&term=Bimolecular+recombination+losses+in+polythiophene:+Fullerene+solar+cells.">Bimolecular recombination losses in polythiophene: Fullerene solar cells.</a> Phys. Rev. B. 78, 113201 (2008).</li><li>Reyes-Reyes, M., et al. <a target="_blank" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?db=PubMed&cmd=Search&doptcmdl=Citation&defaultField=Title+Word&term=Methanofullerene+elongated+nanostructure+formation+for+enhanced+organic+solar-cells.">Methanofullerene elongated nanostructure formation for enhanced organic solar-cells.</a> Thin Solid Films. 516 (1), 52-57 (2007).</li><li>Shuttle, G. C., et al. <a target="_blank" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?db=PubMed&cmd=Search&doptcmdl=Citation&defaultField=Title+Word&term=Experimental+determination+of+the+rate+law+for+charge+carrier+decay+in+a+polythiophene:+Fullerene+solar+cell.">Experimental determination of the rate law for charge carrier decay in a polythiophene: Fullerene solar cell.</a> Appl. Phys. Lett. 92, 093311 (2008).</li><li>Mori, D., Benten, H., Ohkita, H., Ito, S., Miyake, K. <a target="_blank" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?db=PubMed&cmd=Search&doptcmdl=Citation&defaultField=Title+Word&term=Polymer/polymer+blend+solar+cells+improved+by+using+high-molecular-weight+fluorene-based+copolymer+as+electron+acceptor.">Polymer/polymer blend solar cells improved by using high-molecular-weight fluorene-based copolymer as electron acceptor.</a> ACS Appl. Mater. Interfaces. 4 (7), 3325-3329 (2012).</li><li>You, J., et al. <a target="_blank" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?db=PubMed&cmd=Search&doptcmdl=Citation&defaultField=Title+Word&term=A+polymer+tandem+solar+cell+with+10.6%+power+conversion+efficiency.">A polymer tandem solar cell with 10.6% power conversion efficiency.</a> Nature Commun. 4, 1446 (2013).</li></ol>

Afin d&#39;utiliser l&#39;encombrement de la molécule dans ce procédé, il est important de connaître les conditions de formation de film par revêtement par centrifugation. Tout d&#39;abord, les semi-conducteurs de type p et de type n doivent pouvoir être dissous dans les solvants. Lorsque certains matériaux reste, il deviendra le grand cœur des domaines dans la couche photoactive. L&#39;utilisation d&#39;un filtre commercial adéquat pour les solvants individuels est recommandé d&#39;enlever la matière restant...

Dispositifs photovoltaïques organiques sont considérés comme des sources d&#39;énergie renouvelables prometteuses en raison de leur faible coût de fabrication et le poids léger 1-7. En raison de ces avantages, un grand nombre de scientifiques ont été immergés dans ce domaine prometteur. Dans la dernière décennie, à colorant, organique à film mince, et les cellules solaires sensibilisées perovskite ont réalisé des progrès significatifs en matière d&#39; efficacité de conversion de puissance dans ce domaine 8. Plus précisément, les cellules solaires à couches minces organiques et la technologie solaire-cellulaire BHJ organique à couche mince sont des solutions efficaces et rentables pour l&#39;utilisation de l&#39;énergie solaire. En outre, le rendement de conversion d&#39;énergie a atteint plus de 10% avec l&#39;utilisation de polymères à faible bande interdite que les dérivés donneurs d&#39;électrons et fullerène comme accepteur d&#39;électrons (Phényl-C 61 butyrique-acide-ester méthylique de [60]: PCBM ou Phenyl-C 71 butyrique-acide-Methyl Ester: [70] PCBM) 9-11. Par ailleurs, certains chercheurs have déjà signalé l&#39;importance de la structure BHJ dans la couche photoactive, qui est construit avec des polymères à faible bande interdite et les dérivés de fullerène pour obtenir un rendement global élevé. Cependant, les dérivés de fullerène sont sensibles à l&#39;air. Par conséquent, un matériau accepteur d&#39;électrons stable à l&#39;air est nécessaire comme alternative. Quelques rapports précédemment proposé de nouveaux types de cellules photovoltaïques organiques qui ont utilisé des polymères de type n ou semi-conductrices d&#39;oxydes métalliques comme accepteurs d&#39;électrons. Ces rapports ont soutenu le développement de, sans fullerène, les cellules solaires d&#39;air stables organiques en couches minces 12-15. Cependant, contrairement à fullerène ou les systèmes de polymères semi - conducteur de type n, en obtenant un rendement satisfaisant de la structure BHJ dans la couche photosensible, qui a une séparation de charge et de charge des capacités de transfert, il est difficile dans des systèmes d&#39;oxydes métalliques 16-17. En outre, les dérivés de fullerène et des polymères semi-conducteurs de type n ont une solubilité élevéedans de nombreux solvants. Par conséquent, il est facile de contrôler la morphologie de la couche photoactive par la sélection d&#39; une solution d&#39;encre en tant que solvant, qui est le précurseur de la couche photoactive 18-20. En revanche, dans le cas des systèmes alcoolates métalliques utilisés en combinaison avec un polymère donneur d&#39;électrons, les deux semi-conducteurs sont insolubles dans la plupart des solvants. En effet, les alcoxydes métalliques ne possèdent pas une solubilité élevée dans le solvant. Par conséquent, la sélectivité de solvants pour le contrôle de la morphologie est extrêmement faible. Dans cet article, nous présentons une méthode pour contrôler la morphologie de la couche photoactive en utilisant bouffant moléculaire pour fabriquer des cellules solaires BHJ imprimables et très stables à l&#39;air. Nous décrivons l&#39;importance du contrôle de la morphologie pour le progrès de cellules solaires BHJ libre fullerène.

<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" width="625">
	<tbody>
		<tr height="21">
			<td height="21" style="height:21px;width:216px;">Ti(IV) isopropoxide, 97%</td>
			<td style="width:103px;">Sigma Aldrich</td>
			<td style="width:119px;">205273</td>
			<td style="width:187px;"></td>
		</tr>
		<tr height="21">
			<td height="21" style="height:21px;width:216px;">Ti(IV) ethoxide</td>
			<td style="width:103px;">Sigma Aldrich</td>
			<td style="width:119px;">244759</td>
			<td>Technical grade</td>
		</tr>
		<tr height="21">
			<td height="21" style="height:21px;width:216px;">Ti(IV) butoxide, 97%</td>
			<td style="width:103px;">Sigma Aldrich</td>
			<td style="width:119px;">244112</td>
			<td>Reagent grade</td>
		</tr>
		<tr height="21">
			<td height="21" style="height:21px;width:216px;">Ti(IV) butoxide polymer</td>
			<td style="width:103px;">Sigma Aldrich</td>
			<td style="width:119px;">510718</td>
			<td></td>
		</tr>
		<tr height="63">
			<td height="63" style="height:63px;width:216px;">Poly[2,7-(9,9-dioctylfluorene)-alt-4,7-bis(thiophen-2-yl)benzo-2,1,3-thiadiazole] (PFO-DBT)</td>
			<td style="width:103px;">Sigma Aldrich</td>
			<td style="width:119px;">754013</td>
			<td></td>
		</tr>
		<tr height="42">
			<td height="42" style="height:42px;width:216px;">[6,6]-phenyl-C61 butyric acid methyl ester ([60]PCBM) 99.5%</td>
			<td style="width:103px;">Sigma Aldrich</td>
			<td style="width:119px;">684449</td>
			<td>Research grade</td>
		</tr>
		<tr height="84">
			<td height="84" style="height:84px;width:216px;">poly(3,4-ethylenedioxythiophene)-poly(styrenesulfonate) (PEDOT-PSS)</td>
			<td style="width:103px;">Heraeus</td>
			<td style="width:119px;">Clevios S V3</td>
			<td></td>
		</tr>
		<tr height="21">
			<td height="21" style="height:21px;width:216px;">1N Hydrochloric acid</td>
			<td style="width:103px;">Wako</td>
			<td style="width:119px;">083-01095</td>
			<td></td>
		</tr>
		<tr height="21">
			<td height="21" style="height:21px;width:216px;">Chlorobenzene 99.0%</td>
			<td style="width:103px;">Wako</td>
			<td style="width:119px;">032-07986</td>
			<td></td>
		</tr>
		<tr height="21">
			<td height="21" style="height:21px;width:216px;">Acetone 99.5%</td>
			<td style="width:103px;">Wako</td>
			<td style="width:119px;">016-00346</td>
			<td></td>
		</tr>
		<tr height="42">
			<td height="42" style="height:42px;width:216px;">Indium-tin oxide (ITO)-coated glass substrate</td>
			<td style="width:103px;">Geomatec</td>
			<td style="width:119px;">0002</td>
			<td>100&#215;100&#215;1.1t (mm)</td>
		</tr>
		<tr height="42">
			<td height="42" style="height:42px;width:216px;">Glass substrate</td>
			<td style="width:103px;">Matsunami Glass</td>
			<td style="width:119px;">S7213</td>
			<td>76&#215;26&#215;1.2t (mm)</td>
		</tr>
		<tr height="21">
			<td height="21" style="height:21px;width:216px;">Cotton tail&#160;</td>
			<td style="width:103px;">As one</td>
			<td style="width:119px;">1-8584-16</td>
			<td></td>
		</tr>
		<tr height="21">
			<td height="21" style="height:21px;width:216px;">Epoxy resin</td>
			<td style="width:103px;">Nichiban</td>
			<td style="width:119px;">AR-R30</td>
			<td></td>
		</tr>
		<tr height="21">
			<td height="21" style="height:21px;width:216px;">Plastic spatula</td>
			<td style="width:103px;">As one</td>
			<td style="width:119px;">2-3956-02</td>
			<td></td>
		</tr>
		<tr height="21">
			<td height="21" style="height:21px;width:216px;">Ultrasonic cleaner</td>
			<td style="width:103px;">As one</td>
			<td style="width:119px;">AS482</td>
			<td></td>
		</tr>
		<tr height="21">
			<td height="21" style="height:21px;width:216px;">Magnetic hot&#160; stirrer</td>
			<td style="width:103px;">As one</td>
			<td style="width:119px;">RHS-1DN</td>
			<td></td>
		</tr>
		<tr height="21">
			<td height="21" style="height:21px;width:216px;">Ceramic hotplate</td>
			<td style="width:103px;">As one</td>
			<td style="width:119px;">CHP-17DN</td>
			<td></td>
		</tr>
		<tr height="21">
			<td height="21" style="height:21px;width:216px;">Spin coater</td>
			<td style="width:103px;">Kyowariken</td>
			<td style="width:119px;">K-359 S1</td>
			<td></td>
		</tr>
		<tr height="21">
			<td height="21" style="height:21px;width:216px;">Vacuum pump</td>
			<td style="width:103px;">ULVAC</td>
			<td style="width:119px;">DA-30S</td>
			<td></td>
		</tr>
		<tr height="25">
			<td height="25" style="height:25px;width:216px;">UV-O3 cleaner</td>
			<td style="width:103px;">Filgen</td>
			<td style="width:119px;">UV253E</td>
			<td></td>
		</tr>
		<tr height="42">
			<td height="42" style="height:42px;width:216px;">Screen printer</td>
			<td style="width:103px;">Mitani Electronics</td>
			<td style="width:119px;">MEC-2400</td>
			<td></td>
		</tr>
		<tr height="42">
			<td height="42" style="height:42px;width:216px;">Ultrasonic Soldering system</td>
			<td style="width:103px;">Kuroda Techno</td>
			<td style="width:119px;">SUNBONDER USM-5</td>
			<td></td>
		</tr>
		<tr height="63">
			<td height="63" style="height:63px;width:216px;">Direct-current voltage and current source/monitor integrated system</td>
			<td style="width:103px;">San-Ei Electric</td>
			<td style="width:119px;">XES-40S1</td>
			<td></td>
		</tr>
		<tr height="21">
			<td height="21" style="height:21px;width:216px;">Scanning electron microscope</td>
			<td style="width:103px;">JEOL Ltd.</td>
			<td style="width:119px;">JSM-7800</td>
			<td></td>
		</tr>
	</tbody>
</table>

morphology control for fully printable organic&#8211;inorganic bulk-heterojunction solar cells based on a ti-alkoxide and semiconducting polymer

The photoactive layer of a typical organic thin-film bulk-heterojunction (BHJ) solar cell commonly uses fullerene derivatives as the electron-accepting material. However, fullerene derivatives are air-sensitive; therefore, air-stable material is needed as an alternative. In the present study, we propose and describe the properties of Ti-alkoxide as an alternative electron-accepting material to fullerene derivatives to create highly air-stable BHJ solar cells. It is well-known that controlling the morphology in the photoactive layer, which is constructed with fullerene derivatives as the electron acceptor, is important for obtaining a high overall efficiency through the solvent method. The conventional solvent method is useful for high-solubility materials, such as fullerene derivatives. However, for Ti-alkoxides, the conventional solvent method is insufficient, because they only dissolve in specific solvents. Here, we demonstrate a new approach to morphology control that uses the molecular bulkiness of Ti-alkoxides without the conventional solvent method. That is, this method is one approach to obtain highly efficient, air-stable, organic-inorganic bulk-heterojunction solar cells.

Nous avons présenté un protocole de fabrication de cellules entièrement imprimables organiques-inorganiques BHJ solaires, ainsi qu&#39;un procédé de contrôle de la structure de séparation de phases. Les performances des cellules solaires ont été abondamment étudiées 27-31 quand Ti (IV) et l&#39; isopropylate éthylate ont été utilisés comme accepteur d&#39; électrons des matières (figure 1). Ces cellules solaires présentent une densité de cou...

Watch this Scientific Journal Video about Morphology Control for Fully Printable OrganicÃ¢â‚¬â€œInorganic Bulk-heterojunction Solar Cells Based on a Ti-alkoxide and Semiconducting Polymer at JoVE.com

Morphology Control for Fully Printable OrganicÃƒÆ’Ã‚Â¢ÃƒÂ¢Ã¢â‚¬Å¡Ã‚Â¬ÃƒÂ¢Ã¢â€šÂ¬Ã…â€œInorganic Bulk-heterojunction Solar Cells Based on a Ti-alkoxide and Semiconducting Polymer

Procédé pour, en vrac, hétérojonction cellules solaires imprimables entièrement libre fullerène très stables à l&#39;air sur la base des alcoolates de Ti comme accepteur d&#39;électrons, et la fabrication du polymère donneur d&#39;électrons est décrite ici. En outre, un procédé pour contrôler la morphologie de la couche photoactive par l&#39;encombrement moléculaire des unités alcoxyde de Ti est signalée.

Contrôle Morphologie pour Bulk-hétérojonction cellules solaires organiques-inorganiques entièrement imprimables Basé sur un Ti-alcoolate et Polymer Semiconductor

The photoactive layer of a typical organic thin-film bulk-heterojunction (BHJ) solar cell commonly uses fullerene derivatives as the electron-accepting ...

Research

JoVE Journal

Engineering

Morphology Control for Fully Printable Organic&#8211;Inorganic Bulk-heterojunction Solar Cells Based on a Ti-alkoxide and Semiconducting Polymer

Micropunching Lithography for Generating Micro- and Submicron-patterns on Polymer Substrates

Micropunching lithographie pour la génération de micro-et submicronique des motifs sur des substrats polymères

Conducting polymers have attracted great attention since the discovery of high conductivity in doped polyacetylene in 19771. They offer the advantages of ...

Recherche

Ingénierie

Integrating a Triplet-triplet Annihilation Up-conversion System to Enhance Dye-sensitized Solar Cell Response to Sub-bandgap Light

L&#39;intégration d&#39;un système Annihilation Up-conversion triplet triplet visant à accroître à colorant cellule solaire réponse au sous-bande interdite Lumière

The poor response of dye-sensitized solar cells (DSCs) to red and infrared light is a significant impediment to the realization of higher photocurrents ...

Printing Fabrication of Bulk Heterojunction Solar Cells and In Situ Morphology Characterization

Printing Fabrication of Bulk Heterojunction Solar Cells and In Situ Morphology Characterization

Fabrication d&#39;impression de gros hétérojonction cellules solaires et<em&gt; In Situ</em&gt; Morphologie Caractérisation

Polymer-based materials hold promise as low-cost, flexible efficient photovoltaic devices. Most laboratory efforts to achieve high performance devices ...

Monovalent Cation Doping of CH3NH3PbI3 for Efficient Perovskite Solar Cells

Monovalent Cation Doping of CH3NH3PbI3 for Efficient Perovskite Solar Cells

Monovalents Cation dopage du CH<sub&gt; 3</sub&gt; NH<sub&gt; 3</sub&gt; PbI<sub&gt; 3</sub&gt; Pour Efficient cellules solaires perovskite

Here, we demonstrate the incorporation of monovalent cation additives into CH3NH3PbI3 perovskite in order to adjust the optical, excitonic, and electrical ...

In Situ Monitoring of the Accelerated Performance Degradation of Solar Cells and Modules: A Case Study for Cu(In,Ga)Se2 Solar Cells

In Situ Monitoring of the Accelerated Performance Degradation of Solar Cells and Modules: A Case Study for CuIn,GaSe2 Solar Cells

In Situ Suivi de la dégradation de Performance accélérée des cellules et Modules solaires : une étude de cas pour les cellules solaires de Cu (In, Ga) Se2

The levelized cost of electricity (LCOE) of photovoltaic (PV) systems is determined by, among other factors, the PV module reliability. Better prediction ...

Indoor Experimental Assessment of the Efficiency and Irradiance Spot of the Achromatic Doublet on Glass (ADG) Fresnel Lens for Concentrating Photovoltaics

Indoor Experimental Assessment of the Efficiency and Irradiance Spot of the Achromatic Doublet on Glass ADG Fresnel Lens for Concentrating Photovoltaics

Intérieur évaluation expérimentale de l’efficacité et l’Irradiance Spot du Doublet achromatique sur verre (ADG) lentille de Fresnel pour concentrer l’énergie photovoltaïque

We present a method to characterize achromatic Fresnel lenses for photovoltaic applications. The achromatic doublet on glass (ADG) Fresnel lens is ...

The Modular Design and Production of an Intelligent Robot Based on a Closed-Loop Control Strategy

La conception modulaire et la Production d’un Robot Intelligent basé sur une stratégie de commande en boucle fermée

Intelligent robots are part of a new generation of robots that are able to sense the surrounding environment, plan their own actions and eventually reach ...

Installation Method to Enhance Quality Control for Fiber Reinforced Polymer Spike Anchors

Méthode d’installation afin d’améliorer le contrôle de la qualité des fibre renforcé polymère piquets d’ancrage

Fiber reinforced polymer (FRP) anchors are a promising way to enhance the performance of externally-bonded FRPs applied to existing structures, as they ...

O-cresol Concentration Online Measurement Based On Near Infrared Spectroscopy Via Partial Least Square Regression

Unlike macroscopic process variables, near-infrared spectroscopy provides process information at the molecular level and can significantly improve the ...

In Situ Surface Temperature Measurement in a Conveyor Belt Furnace via Inline Infrared Thermography

Mesure de la température de surface in situ dans un four à convoyeur via la thermographie infrarouge inline

Measuring the surface temperature of objects that are processed in conveyor belt furnaces is an important tool in process control and quality assurance. ...