Name: palladium n-heterocyclic carbene complexes: synthesis from benzimidazolium salts and catalytic activity in carbon-carbon bond-forming reactions
Uploaded: 2017-07-30T14:00:00
Description: Watch this Scientific Journal Video about Palladium N-Heterocyclic Carbene Complexes: Synthesis from Benzimidazolium Salts and Catalytic Activity in Carbon-carbon Bond-forming Reactions at JoVE.com

Eczacılık Fakültesi (Sydney Üniversitesi), Erciyes Üniversitesi Araştırma Fonu ve TÜBİTAK&#39;ın (1059B141400496) mali desteğini kabul ediyoruz. Videoyu düzenlemek için Tim Harland&#39;a (University of Sydney) teşekkür ediyoruz.

Dikkat: Aşağıda ayrıntılı olarak verilen protokollerin bir bölümünde birçok uçucu çözücü kullanılmaktadır, bu nedenle tüm deneyleri bir duman kaputunda gerçekleştirin. Uygun kişisel koruyucu ekipman kullanın ve kullanmadan önce her reaktifin MSDS&#39;sine danışın; Burada, tehlikeli reaktifler ve basamaklar hakkında kısa bilgiler verilmiştir. 1. Benzimidazolyum tuzlarının (bileşik 1-4) sentezi ve saflaştırılması, <ol><li> 100 mL&#39;lik b...

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Chem. 575 (2), 187-192 (1999).</li><li>Chouthaiwale, P. V., Rawat, V., Sudalai, A. <a target="_blank" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?db=PubMed&cmd=Search&doptcmdl=Citation&defaultField=Title+Word&term=Pd-catalyzed+selective+hydrosilylation+of+aryl+ketones+and+aldehydes.">Pd-catalyzed selective hydrosilylation of aryl ketones and aldehydes.</a> Tetrahedron Lett. 53 (2), 148-150 (2012).</li><li>Herrmann, W. A. <a target="_blank" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?db=PubMed&cmd=Search&doptcmdl=Citation&defaultField=Title+Word&term=N-heterocyclic+carbenes:+A+new+concept+in+organometallic+catalysis.">N-heterocyclic carbenes: A new concept in organometallic catalysis.</a> Angew. Chem. Int. Ed. 41 (8), 1290-1309 (2002).</li><li>Jensen, T. R., Schaller, C. P., Hillmyer, M. A., Tolman, W. 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Acta. 453, 23-28 (2016).</li><li>Yasar, S., Sahin, C., Arslan, M., Ozdemir, I. <a target="_blank" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?db=PubMed&cmd=Search&doptcmdl=Citation&defaultField=Title+Word&term=Synthesis,+characterization+and+the+Suzuki-Miyaura+coupling+reactions+of+N-heterocyclic+carbene-Pd(II)-pyridine+(PEPPSI)+complexes.">Synthesis, characterization and the Suzuki-Miyaura coupling reactions of N-heterocyclic carbene-Pd(II)-pyridine (PEPPSI) complexes.</a> J. Organomet. Chem. 776, 107-112 (2015).</li><li>Ozdemir, I., et al. <a target="_blank" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?db=PubMed&cmd=Search&doptcmdl=Citation&defaultField=Title+Word&term=N-Heterocyclic+carbenes:+Useful+ligands+for+the+palladium-catalysed+direct+C5+arylation+of+heteroaromatics+with+aryl+bromides+or+electron-deficient+aryl+chlorides.">N-Heterocyclic carbenes: Useful ligands for the palladium-catalysed direct C5 arylation of heteroaromatics with aryl bromides or electron-deficient aryl chlorides.</a> Eur. J. Inorg. Chem. 12 (12), 1798-1805 (2010).</li><li>Clavier, H., Nolan, S. P. <a target="_blank" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?db=PubMed&cmd=Search&doptcmdl=Citation&defaultField=Title+Word&term=N-heterocyclic+carbene+and+phosphine+ruthenium+indenylidene+precatalysts:+A+comparative+study+in+Olefin+metathesis.">N-heterocyclic carbene and phosphine ruthenium indenylidene precatalysts: A comparative study in Olefin metathesis.</a> Chem. Eur. J. 13 (28), 8029-8036 (2007).</li><li>Johnson, J. S. <a target="_blank" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?db=PubMed&cmd=Search&doptcmdl=Citation&defaultField=Title+Word&term=Catalyzed+reactions+of+acyl+anion+equivalents.">Catalyzed reactions of acyl anion equivalents.</a> Angew. Chem. Int. Ed. 43 (11), 1326-1328 (2004).</li><li>Marion, N., Diez-Gonzalez, S., Nolan, S. P. <a target="_blank" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?db=PubMed&cmd=Search&doptcmdl=Citation&defaultField=Title+Word&term=N-heterocyclic+carbenes+as+organocatalysts.">N-heterocyclic carbenes as organocatalysts.</a> Angew. Chem. Int. Ed. 46 (17), 2988-3000 (2007).</li><li>Perry, M. C., Burgess, K. <a target="_blank" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?db=PubMed&cmd=Search&doptcmdl=Citation&defaultField=Title+Word&term=Chiral+N-heterocyclic+carbene-transition+metal+complexes+in+asymmetric+catalysis.">Chiral N-heterocyclic carbene-transition metal complexes in asymmetric catalysis.</a> Tetrahedron: Asymmetry. 14 (8), 951-961 (2003).</li><li>Zeitler, K. <a target="_blank" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?db=PubMed&cmd=Search&doptcmdl=Citation&defaultField=Title+Word&term=Extending+mechanistic+routes+in+heterazolium+catalysis-promising+concepts+for+versatile+synthetic+methods.">Extending mechanistic routes in heterazolium catalysis-promising concepts for versatile synthetic methods.</a> Angew. Chem. Int. Ed. 44 (46), 7506-7510 (2005).</li><li>Schwarz, J., et al. <a target="_blank" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?db=PubMed&cmd=Search&doptcmdl=Citation&defaultField=Title+Word&term=N-Heterocyclic+carbenes,+part+25+-+Polymer-supported+carbene+complexes+of+palladium:+Well-defined,+air-stable,+recyclable+catalysts+for+the+Heck+reaction.">N-Heterocyclic carbenes, part 25 - Polymer-supported carbene complexes of palladium: Well-defined, air-stable, recyclable catalysts for the Heck reaction.</a> Chem. Eur. J. 6 (10), 1773-1780 (2000).</li><li>Akkoc, S., Gok, Y., Ilhan, I. O., Kayser, V. <a target="_blank" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?db=PubMed&cmd=Search&doptcmdl=Citation&defaultField=Title+Word&term=N-Methylphthalimide-substituted+benzimidazolium+salts+and+PEPPSI+Pd-NHC+complexes:+synthesis,+characterization+and+catalytic+activity+in+carbon-carbon+bond-forming+reactions.">N-Methylphthalimide-substituted benzimidazolium salts and PEPPSI Pd-NHC complexes: synthesis, characterization and catalytic activity in carbon-carbon bond-forming reactions.</a> Beilstein J. Org. Chem. 12, 81-88 (2016).</li><li>Karaca, E. O., et al. <a target="_blank" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?db=PubMed&cmd=Search&doptcmdl=Citation&defaultField=Title+Word&term=Palladium+complexes+with+tetrahydropyrimidin-2-ylidene+ligands:+Catalytic+activity+for+the+direct+arylation+of+furan,+thiophene,+and+thiazole+derivatives.">Palladium complexes with tetrahydropyrimidin-2-ylidene ligands: Catalytic activity for the direct arylation of furan, thiophene, and thiazole derivatives.</a> Organometallics. 34 (11), 2487-2493 (2015).</li><li>Ozdemir, I., et al. <a target="_blank" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?db=PubMed&cmd=Search&doptcmdl=Citation&defaultField=Title+Word&term=N-Heterocyclic+carbene-palladium+catalysts+for+the+direct+arylation+of+pyrrole+derivatives+with+aryl+chlorides.">N-Heterocyclic carbene-palladium catalysts for the direct arylation of pyrrole derivatives with aryl chlorides.</a> Beilstein J. Org. 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Chim. Acta. 429, 34-38 (2015).</li><li>Akkoc, S., Gok, Y. <a target="_blank" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?db=PubMed&cmd=Search&doptcmdl=Citation&defaultField=Title+Word&term=Catalytic+activities+in+direct+arylation+of+novel+palladium+N-heterocyclic+carbene+complexes.">Catalytic activities in direct arylation of novel palladium N-heterocyclic carbene complexes.</a> Appl. Organomet. Chem. 28 (12), 854-860 (2014).</li><li>Akkoc, S., Gok, Y., Ilhan, I. O., Kayser, V. <a target="_blank" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?db=PubMed&cmd=Search&doptcmdl=Citation&defaultField=Title+Word&term=In+situ+Generation+of+Efficient+Palladium+N-heterocyclic+Carbene+Catalysts+Using+Benzimidazolium+Salts+for+the+Suzuki-Miyaura+Cross-coupling+Reaction.">In situ Generation of Efficient Palladium N-heterocyclic Carbene Catalysts Using Benzimidazolium Salts for the Suzuki-Miyaura Cross-coupling Reaction.</a> Curr. Org. Synth. 13 (5), 761-766 (2016).</li></ol>

Dört benzimidazolyum tuzunun sentezi ve saflaştırılması için protokoller ve daha sonra bunların paladyum NHC kompleksleri kasıtlı olarak, genç bilim insanlarına veya tarlalara yeni gelen kişilere yardımcı olmak için kasıtlı bir şekilde sunulmuştur. Bu aynı amaç göz önüne alındığında, arilasyon ve Suzuki-Miyaura reaksiyonlarındaki dört kompleksin katalitik aktivitesini test etme protokolleri de son derece ayrıntılı olarak sunuldu. Ayrıca protokolleri başkalarının kendilerini diğer bi...

N -heterosiklik karbenler (NHCs) özellikle metatez, furan oluşturma, polimerizasyon, hidrosililasyon, hidrojenasyon, arillenme, Suzuki-Miyaura çapraz bağlama ve Mizoroki-Heck çapraz bağlama gibi çeşitli önemli reaksiyonları katalizleme yetenekleri açısından çok dikkat çekmiştir 1 , 2 , 3 , 4 , 5 , 6 , 7 , 8 , 9 , 10 , 11 . NHC&#39;ler metallerle birleştirilebilir; Bu gibi metal-NHC kompleksleri, yardımcı metal ligandları olarak geçiş metali katalizli reaksiyonlarda yaygın olarak kullanılmaktadır ve organokatalizörler 12 , 13 , 14 , </Sup&gt; 15 , 16 . Genellikle metal-karbon koordinasyon bağlarının yüksek ayrışma enerjilerinin bir sonucu olarak hava, nem ve ısıya karşı olağanüstü kararlıdırlar 17 . Burada, dört benzimidazolyum tuzunun (bileşik 1 - 4 ) ve bunların paladyum NHC komplekslerinin (sırasıyla bileşik 5 - 8 ) sentezi ve saflaştırılması için protokoller ayrıntılı olarak belirtilmiştir 18 . Tuzlar ve kompleksler daha önce çeşitli teknikler kullanılarak karakterize edildi 18 . Arilasyon ve Suzuki-Miyaura çapraz bağlanma reaksiyonları 9 , 10 , 11&#39;in katalizörü için benzer bileşikler kullanıldığından, arilasyon ve Suzuki-Miyaura reaksiyonlarındaki komplekslerin katalitik aktivitesinin test edilmesi için protokoller aDetaylı. Önemlisi, komplekslerin katalitik aktivitesini sentezleme, saflaştırma ve test etme protokolleri, yeni paladyum NHC komplekslerine kolay adaptasyon sağlayacak kadar genel olarak sunulmuştur.

<table border="1" fo:keep-together.within-page="1" fo:keep-with-next.within-page="always">
	<tbody>
		<tr>
			<td>1-chloro-4-nitrobenzene</td>
			<td>Sigma-Aldrich (Interlab A.S., USA)</td>
			<td></td>
			<td></td>
		</tr>
		<tr>
			<td>2,5-dimethoxyphenylboronic acid</td>
			<td>Sigma-Aldrich (Interlab A.S., USA)</td>
			<td></td>
			<td></td>
		</tr>
		<tr>
			<td>2-n-butylfuran</td>
			<td>Sigma-Aldrich (Interlab A.S., USA)</td>
			<td></td>
			<td></td>
		</tr>
		<tr>
			<td>2-n-butylthiophene</td>
			<td>Sigma-Aldrich (Interlab A.S., USA)</td>
			<td></td>
			<td></td>
		</tr>
		<tr>
			<td>3-chloropyridine</td>
			<td>Merck (Darmstadt, Germany)</td>
			<td></td>
			<td></td>
		</tr>
		<tr>
			<td>4-bromoacetophenone</td>
			<td>Merck (Darmstadt, Germany)</td>
			<td></td>
			<td></td>
		</tr>
		<tr>
			<td>4-bromoanisole</td>
			<td>Sigma-Aldrich (Interlab A.S., USA)</td>
			<td></td>
			<td></td>
		</tr>
		<tr>
			<td>4-chlorotoluene</td>
			<td>Sigma-Aldrich (Interlab A.S., USA)</td>
			<td></td>
			<td></td>
		</tr>
		<tr>
			<td>4-methoxy-1-chlorobenzene</td>
			<td>Merck (Darmstadt, Germany)</td>
			<td></td>
			<td></td>
		</tr>
		<tr>
			<td>4-tert-butylphenylboronic acid</td>
			<td>Sigma-Aldrich (Interlab A.S., USA)</td>
			<td></td>
			<td></td>
		</tr>
		<tr>
			<td>Benzimidazole</td>
			<td>Merck (Darmstadt, Germany)</td>
			<td></td>
			<td></td>
		</tr>
		<tr>
			<td>Bromobenzene</td>
			<td>Merck (Darmstadt, Germany)</td>
			<td></td>
			<td></td>
		</tr>
		<tr>
			<td>Celite</td>
			<td>Merck (Darmstadt, Germany)</td>
			<td></td>
			<td></td>
		</tr>
		<tr>
			<td>Dichloromethane</td>
			<td>Merck (Darmstadt, Germany)</td>
			<td></td>
			<td></td>
		</tr>
		<tr>
			<td>Diethyl ether</td>
			<td>Sigma-Aldrich (Interlab A.S., USA)</td>
			<td></td>
			<td></td>
		</tr>
		<tr>
			<td>Ethyl acetate</td>
			<td>Sigma-Aldrich (Interlab A.S., USA)</td>
			<td></td>
			<td></td>
		</tr>
		<tr>
			<td>Ethyl alcohol</td>
			<td>Merck (Darmstadt, Germany)</td>
			<td></td>
			<td></td>
		</tr>
		<tr>
			<td>Hexane</td>
			<td>Merck (Darmstadt, Germany)</td>
			<td></td>
			<td></td>
		</tr>
		<tr>
			<td>Magnesium sulfate</td>
			<td>Scharlau (Barcelona, Spain)</td>
			<td></td>
			<td></td>
		</tr>
		<tr>
			<td>N,N-dimethylacetamide</td>
			<td>Merck (Darmstadt, Germany)</td>
			<td></td>
			<td></td>
		</tr>
		<tr>
			<td>N,N-dimethylformamide</td>
			<td>Merck (Darmstadt, Germany)</td>
			<td></td>
			<td></td>
		</tr>
		<tr>
			<td>Palladium chloride</td>
			<td>Merck (Darmstadt, Germany)</td>
			<td></td>
			<td></td>
		</tr>
		<tr>
			<td>Phenylboronic acid</td>
			<td>Sigma-Aldrich (Interlab A.S., USA)</td>
			<td></td>
			<td></td>
		</tr>
		<tr>
			<td>Potassium acetate</td>
			<td>Merck (Darmstadt, Germany)</td>
			<td></td>
			<td></td>
		</tr>
		<tr>
			<td>Potassium carbonate</td>
			<td>Scharlau (Barcelona, Spain)</td>
			<td></td>
			<td></td>
		</tr>
		<tr>
			<td>Potassium hydroxide</td>
			<td>Merck (Darmstadt, Germany)</td>
			<td></td>
			<td></td>
		</tr>
		<tr>
			<td>Silica gel</td>
			<td>Merck (Darmstadt, Germany)</td>
			<td></td>
			<td></td>
		</tr>
		<tr>
			<td>Sodium tert-butoxide</td>
			<td>Merck (Darmstadt, Germany)</td>
			<td></td>
			<td></td>
		</tr>
		<tr>
			<td>Thianaphthene-2-boronic acid</td>
			<td>Sigma-Aldrich (Interlab A.S., USA)</td>
			<td></td>
			<td></td>
		</tr>
	</tbody>
</table>

palladium n-heterocyclic carbene complexes: synthesis from benzimidazolium salts and catalytic activity in carbon-carbon bond-forming reactions

Benzimidazolyum tuzlarından dört paladyum N -heterosiklik karben kompleksinin sentezi ve daha sonra saflaştırılması için ayrıntılı ve genel protokoller sunulmuştur. Bu gibi komplekslerin arilasyon ve Suzuki-Miyaura çapraz bağlanma tepkimelerinde katalitik aktivitesinin test edilmesi için ayrıntılı ve genel protokoller de sunulmuştur. Arilasyon ve Suzuki-Miyaura tipi reaksiyonlarda dört kompleksin katalitik aktivitesi için temsilci sonuçları gösterilmektedir. İncelenen reaksiyonların her biri için, dört kompleksden en az bir tanesi reaksiyonu başarıyla katalize etti ve birçok karbon-karbon bağını oluşturan reaksiyonların katalizörü için umut verici adaylar olarak nitelendirdi. Sunulan protokoller, yeni paladyum N -heterosiklik karben komplekslerinin sentezi, arıtılması ve katalitik aktivite testleri için uyarlanacak kadar geneldir.

Benzimidazolyum tuzları ( l - 4 ) ( Şekil 1 ), N- alkilbenzimidazolleri ve çeşitli alkil halojenürleri kullanarak susuz DMF içerisinde sentezlendi, daha sonra saflaştırıldı ve 18 , 24 öncesi rapor edildiği gibi karakterize edildi. Bunlar beyaz veya krem ​​rengi katılardır ve verimi% 62 ila% 97 arasında değişirler. Paladyum NHC kompleksle...

Watch this Scientific Journal Video about Palladium N-Heterocyclic Carbene Complexes: Synthesis from Benzimidazolium Salts and Catalytic Activity in Carbon-carbon Bond-forming Reactions at JoVE.com

Palladium N-Heterocyclic Carbene Complexes: Synthesis from Benzimidazolium Salts and Catalytic Activity in Carbon-carbon Bond-forming Reactions

Benzimidazolyum tuzlarından dört paladyum N -heterosiklik karben kompleksinin sentezi ve daha sonra saflaştırılması için ayrıntılı ve genel protokoller sunulmuştur. Kompleksler, arilasyon ve Suzuki-Miyaura reaksiyonlarında katalitik etkinlik açısından test edildi. İncelenen her reaksiyon için, dört kompleksden en az biri reaksiyonu başarıyla katalize etti.

palladyum<em&gt; K</em&gt; -Heterosiklik Karben Kompleksleri: Benzimidazolyum Tuzlarından Sentez ve Karbon-karbon Bağ Oluşturma Reaksiyonlarında Katalitik Aktivite

Detailed and generalized protocols are presented for the synthesis and subsequent purification of four palladium N-heterocyclic carbene complexes from ...

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Palladium N-Heterocyclic Carbene Complexes: Synthesis from Benzimidazolium Salts and Catalytic Activity in Carbon-carbon Bond-forming Reactions

Chemical Bonding: Basic Concepts

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Preparation and Use of Samarium Diiodide (SmI2) in Organic Synthesis: The Mechanistic Role of HMPA and Ni(II) Salts in the Samarium Barbier Reaction

Preparation and Use of Samarium Diiodide SmI2 in Organic Synthesis: The Mechanistic Role of HMPA and NiII Salts in the Samarium Barbier Reaction

Hazırlanması ve Samaryum Diiodide Kullanımı (SMI<sub&gt; 2</sub&gt;) In Organic Synthesis: Samaryum Barbier Reaksiyonu HMPA ve Ni (II) tuzlarının Mekanistik Rolü

Although initially considered an esoteric reagent, SmI2 has become a common tool for synthetic organic chemists. SmI2 is generated through the addition of ...

Anticancer Metal Complexes: Synthesis and Cytotoxicity Evaluation by the MTT Assay

MTT deneyi ile sentez ve Sitotoksisite Değerlendirilmesi: Anticancer Metal Kompleksleri

Titanium (IV) and vanadium (V) complexes are highly potent anticancer agents. A challenge in their synthesis refers to their hydrolytic instability; ...

Retropinacol/Cross-pinacol Coupling Reactions - A Catalytic Access to 1,2-Unsymmetrical Diols

Retropinacol / Çapraz pinakol Kavrama Reaksiyonları - 1,2-Asimetrik Diollerin A Katalitik Erişim

Unsymmetrical 1,2-diols are hardly accessible by reductive pinacol coupling processes. A successful execution of such a transformation is bound to a clear ...

Mizoroki-Heck Cross-coupling Reactions Catalyzed by Dichloro{bis[1,1',1''-(phosphinetriyl)tripiperidine]}palladium Under Mild Reaction Conditions

Mizoroki-Heck Cross-coupling Reactions Catalyzed by Dichloro{bis[1,1',1''-phosphinetriyltripiperidine]}palladium Under Mild Reaction Conditions

Hafif reaksiyon koşulları altında paladyum - Dikloro {bis [(phosphinetriyl) tripiperidine 1,1 &#39;, 1&#39;&#39;]} katalize Mizoroki-Heck Çapraz bağlama reaksiyonları

Dichloro-bis(aminophosphine) complexes of palladium with the general formula of [(P{(NC5H10)3-n(C6H11)n})2Pd(Cl)2] (where n = 0-2), belong to a new family ...

Synthesis and Catalytic Performance of Gold Intercalated in the Walls of Mesoporous Silica

Sentezi ve Mezogözenekli Silika Walls Altın interkalasyonlu Katalitik Performans

As a promising catalytically active nano reactor, gold nanoparticles intercalated in mesoporous silica (GMS) were successfully synthesized and properties ...

Metal-free Synthesis of Ynones from Acyl Chlorides and Potassium Alkynyltrifluoroborate Salts

Asil klorür ve potasyum Alkynyltrifluoroborate Tuzlarından Ynones Metal içermeyen sentezi

Ynones are a valuable functional group and building block in organic synthesis. Ynones serve as a precursor to many important organic functional groups ...

The Synthesis, Characterization and Reactivity of a Series of Ruthenium N-triphosPh Complexes

The Synthesis, Characterization and Reactivity of a Series of Ruthenium N-triphosPh Complexes

Rutenyum bir Serisi Sentezi, Karakterizasyonu ve Tepkime<em&gt; K</em&gt; -triphos<sup&gt; Ph</sup&gt; Kompleksi

Herein we report the synthesis of a tridentate phosphine ligand N(CH2PPh2)3 (N-triphosPh) (1) via a phosphorus based Mannich reaction of the ...

Laboratory Production of Biofuels and Biochemicals from a Rapeseed Oil through Catalytic Cracking Conversion

Katalitik Kırma Dönüşüm aracılığıyla Kanola Yağı gelen Biyoyakıt ve Biochemicals laboratuvar üretimi

The work is based on a reported study which investigates the processability of canola oil (bio-feed) in the presence of bitumen-derived heavy gas oil ...

Enzymatic Cascade Reactions for the Synthesis of Chiral Amino Alcohols from L-lysine

Enzimatik Cascade reaksiyonlardan L-lizin Amino kiral alkoller sentezi için

Amino alcohols are versatile compounds with a wide range of applications. For instance, they have been used as chiral scaffolds in organic synthesis. ...

Chemical Precipitation Method for the Synthesis of Nb2O5 Modified Bulk Nickel Catalysts with High Specific Surface Area

Chemical Precipitation Method for the Synthesis of Nb2O5 Modified Bulk Nickel Catalysts with High Specific Surface Area

Nb2O5 sentezi için kimyasal yağış yöntemi toplu nikel katalizör yüksek belirli yüzey alanı ile modifiye

We demonstrate a method for the synthesis of NixNb1-xO catalysts with sponge-like and fold-like nanostructures. By varying the Nb:Ni ratio, a series of ...