Name: an experimental and finite element protocol to investigate the transport of neutral and charged solutes across articular cartilage
Uploaded: 2017-04-23T13:00:00
Description: Watch this Scientific Journal Video about An Experimental and Finite Element Protocol to Investigate the Transport of Neutral and Charged Solutes across Articular Cartilage at JoVE.com

著者は、骨軟骨プラグのラッピング過程で彼らの助けのためにUMCユトレヒトでの開発力学グループから氏のJeroenファンデンベルク氏Matthijs Wassinkに感謝の意を表したいと思います。この作品は、オランダの関節炎財団からの助成金によってサポートされていました。

注：ここで紹介するプロトコルは、最近の研究論文6、8、9の実験と計算手順から採用されています。プロトコルは、 図1に示されています。 死体の材料はユトレヒト大学の獣医学部の許可を得て収集しました。 1.サンプルおよびバス製造<ol><li>クールリン?...

<ol>
	<li>Arkill, K. P., Winlove, C. P. <a target="_blank" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?db=PubMed&cmd=Search&doptcmdl=Citation&defaultField=Title+Word&term=Solute+transport+in+the+deep+and+calcified+zones+of+articular+cartilage.">Solute transport in the deep and calcified zones of articular cartilage.</a> Osteoarthritis Cartilage. 16 (6), 708-714 (2008).</li><li>Chin, H. C., Moeini, M., Quinn, T. M. <a target="_blank" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?db=PubMed&cmd=Search&doptcmdl=Citation&defaultField=Title+Word&term=Solute+transport+across+the+articular+surface+of+injured+cartilage.">Solute transport across the articular surface of injured cartilage.</a> Arch Biochem Biophys. 535 (2), 241-247 (2013).</li><li>Leddy, H. A., Guilak, F. <a target="_blank" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?db=PubMed&cmd=Search&doptcmdl=Citation&defaultField=Title+Word&term=Site-specific+effects+of+compression+on+macromolecular+diffusion+in+articular+cartilage.">Site-specific effects of compression on macromolecular diffusion in articular cartilage.</a> Biophys J. 95 (10), 4890-4895 (2008).</li><li>Leddy, H. A., Guilak, F. <a target="_blank" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?db=PubMed&cmd=Search&doptcmdl=Citation&defaultField=Title+Word&term=Site-Specific+Molecular+Diffusion+in+Articular+Cartilage+Measured+using+Fluorescence+Recovery+after+Photobleaching.">Site-Specific Molecular Diffusion in Articular Cartilage Measured using Fluorescence Recovery after Photobleaching.</a> Annals of Biomedical Engineering. 31 (7), 753-760 (2003).</li><li>Gu, W. Y., Yao, H. <a target="_blank" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?db=PubMed&cmd=Search&doptcmdl=Citation&defaultField=Title+Word&term=Effects+of+hydration+and+fixed+charge+density+on+fluid+transport+in+charged+hydrated+soft+tissues.">Effects of hydration and fixed charge density on fluid transport in charged hydrated soft tissues.</a> Ann Biomed Eng. 31 (10), 1162-1170 (2003).</li><li>Pouran, B., Arbabi, V., Zadpoor, A. A., Weinans, H. <a target="_blank" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?db=PubMed&cmd=Search&doptcmdl=Citation&defaultField=Title+Word&term=Isolated+effects+of+external+bath+osmolality,+solute+concentration,+and+electrical+charge+on+solute+transport+across+articular+cartilage.">Isolated effects of external bath osmolality, solute concentration, and electrical charge on solute transport across articular cartilage.</a> Medical Engineering and Physics. 38 (12), 1399-1407 (2016).</li><li>Kulmala, K. A. M., et al. <a target="_blank" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?db=PubMed&cmd=Search&doptcmdl=Citation&defaultField=Title+Word&term=Diffusion+coefficients+of+articular+cartilage+for+different+CT+and+MRI+contrast+agents.">Diffusion coefficients of articular cartilage for different CT and MRI contrast agents.</a> Medical Engineering &amp; Physics. 32 (8), 878-882 (2010).</li><li>Arbabi, V., Pouran, B., Weinans, H., Zadpoor, A. A. <a target="_blank" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?db=PubMed&cmd=Search&doptcmdl=Citation&defaultField=Title+Word&term=Transport+of+Neutral+Solute+Across+Articular+Cartilage:+The+Role+of+Zonal+Diffusivities.">Transport of Neutral Solute Across Articular Cartilage: The Role of Zonal Diffusivities.</a> Journal of Biomechanical Engineering. 137 (7), 071001-071001 (2015).</li><li>Arbabi, V., Pouran, B., Weinans, H., Zadpoor, A. A. <a target="_blank" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?db=PubMed&cmd=Search&doptcmdl=Citation&defaultField=Title+Word&term=Multiphasic+modeling+of+charged+solute+transport+across+articular+cartilage:+Application+of+multi-zone+finite-bath+model.">Multiphasic modeling of charged solute transport across articular cartilage: Application of multi-zone finite-bath model.</a> J Biomech. 49 (9), 1510-1517 (2016).</li><li>Arbabi, V., Pouran, B., Weinans, H., Zadpoor, A. A. <a target="_blank" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?db=PubMed&cmd=Search&doptcmdl=Citation&defaultField=Title+Word&term=Combined+artificial+neural+networks+for+robust+estimation+of+the+diffusion+coefficients+across+cartilage.">Combined artificial neural networks for robust estimation of the diffusion coefficients across cartilage.</a> , (2016).</li><li>Arbabi, V., Pouran, B., Weinans, H., Zadpoor, A. A. <a target="_blank" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?db=PubMed&cmd=Search&doptcmdl=Citation&defaultField=Title+Word&term=Combined+inverse-forward+artificial+neural+networks+for+fast+and+accurate+estimation+of+the+diffusion+coefficients+of+cartilage+based+on+multi-physics+models.">Combined inverse-forward artificial neural networks for fast and accurate estimation of the diffusion coefficients of cartilage based on multi-physics models.</a> Journal of Biomechanics. , (2016).</li><li>Sophia Fox, A. J., Bedi, A., Rodeo, S. A. <a target="_blank" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?db=PubMed&cmd=Search&doptcmdl=Citation&defaultField=Title+Word&term=The+Basic+Science+of+Articular+Cartilage:+Structure,+Composition,+and+Function.">The Basic Science of Articular Cartilage: Structure, Composition, and Function.</a> Sports Health. 1 (6), 461-468 (2009).</li><li>Ateshian, G., Weiss, J., Holzapfel, G. A., Kuhl, E. <a target="_blank" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?db=PubMed&cmd=Search&doptcmdl=Citation&defaultField=Title+Word&term=Ch.+17.">Ch. 17.</a> Computer Models in Biomechanics. , 231-249 (2013).</li><li>Ateshian, G. A., Maas, S., Weiss, J. A. <a target="_blank" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?db=PubMed&cmd=Search&doptcmdl=Citation&defaultField=Title+Word&term=Multiphasic+Finite+Element+Framework+for+Modeling+Hydrated+Mixtures+With+Multiple+Neutral+and+Charged+Solutes.">Multiphasic Finite Element Framework for Modeling Hydrated Mixtures With Multiple Neutral and Charged Solutes.</a> Journal of Biomechanical Engineering. 135 (11), 111001-111001 (2013).</li><li>Arbabi, V., Pouran, B., Weinans, H., Zadpoor, A. A. <a target="_blank" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?db=PubMed&cmd=Search&doptcmdl=Citation&defaultField=Title+Word&term=Transport+of+neutral+solute+across+articular+cartilage+and+subchondral+plate.">Transport of neutral solute across articular cartilage and subchondral plate.</a> , (2016).</li><li>Pouran, B., Arbabi, V., Weinans, H., Zadpoor, A. A. <a target="_blank" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?db=PubMed&cmd=Search&doptcmdl=Citation&defaultField=Title+Word&term=Application+of+multiphysics+models+to+efficient+design+of+experiments+of+solute+transport+across+articular+cartilage.">Application of multiphysics models to efficient design of experiments of solute transport across articular cartilage.</a> Comput Biol Med. 78, 91-96 (2016).</li><li>Hosseini, S. M., Wu, Y., Ito, K., Donkelaar, C. C. <a target="_blank" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?db=PubMed&cmd=Search&doptcmdl=Citation&defaultField=Title+Word&term=The+importance+of+superficial+collagen+fibrils+for+the+function+of+articular+cartilage.">The importance of superficial collagen fibrils for the function of articular cartilage.</a> Biomechanics and Modeling in Mechanobiology. 13 (1), 41-51 (2013).</li><li>Alexopoulos, L. G., Williams, G. M., Upton, M. L., Setton, L. A., Guilak, F. <a target="_blank" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?db=PubMed&cmd=Search&doptcmdl=Citation&defaultField=Title+Word&term=Osteoarthritic+changes+in+the+biphasic+mechanical+properties+of+the+chondrocyte+pericellular+matrix+in+articular+cartilage.">Osteoarthritic changes in the biphasic mechanical properties of the chondrocyte pericellular matrix in articular cartilage.</a> Journal of Biomechanics. 38 (3), 509-517 (2005).</li><li>Felson, D. T., et al. <a target="_blank" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?db=PubMed&cmd=Search&doptcmdl=Citation&defaultField=Title+Word&term=Osteoarthritis:+new+insights.+Part+1:+the+disease+and+its+risk+factors.">Osteoarthritis: new insights. Part 1: the disease and its risk factors.</a> Ann Intern Med. 133 (8), 635-646 (2000).</li><li>Kokkonen, H. T., Jurvelin, J. S., Tiitu, V., Toyras, J. <a target="_blank" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?db=PubMed&cmd=Search&doptcmdl=Citation&defaultField=Title+Word&term=Detection+of+mechanical+injury+of+articular+cartilage+using+contrast+enhanced+computed+tomography.">Detection of mechanical injury of articular cartilage using contrast enhanced computed tomography.</a> Osteoarthritis Cartilage. 19 (3), 295-301 (2011).</li><li>Raya, J. G., et al. <a target="_blank" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?db=PubMed&cmd=Search&doptcmdl=Citation&defaultField=Title+Word&term=Diffusion-tensor+imaging+of+human+articular+cartilage+specimens+with+early+signs+of+cartilage+damage.">Diffusion-tensor imaging of human articular cartilage specimens with early signs of cartilage damage.</a> Radiology. 266 (3), 831-841 (2013).</li><li>Tavakoli Nia, H., et al. <a target="_blank" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?db=PubMed&cmd=Search&doptcmdl=Citation&defaultField=Title+Word&term=Aggrecan+Nanoscale+Solid-Fluid+Interactions+Are+a+Primary+Determinant+of+Cartilage+Dynamic+Mechanical+Properties.">Aggrecan Nanoscale Solid-Fluid Interactions Are a Primary Determinant of Cartilage Dynamic Mechanical Properties.</a> ACS Nano. 9 (3), 2614-2625 (2015).</li><li>Arbabi, V., Campoli, G., Weinans, H., Zadpoor, A. A. <a target="_blank" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?db=PubMed&cmd=Search&doptcmdl=Citation&defaultField=Title+Word&term=Estimation+of+cartilage+properties+using+indentation+tests,+finite+element+models,+and+artificial+neural+networks.">Estimation of cartilage properties using indentation tests, finite element models, and artificial neural networks.</a> , (2014).</li><li>Arbabi, V., Pouran, B., Campoli, G., Weinans, H., Zadpoor, A. A. <a target="_blank" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?db=PubMed&cmd=Search&doptcmdl=Citation&defaultField=Title+Word&term=Determination+of+the+mechanical+and+physical+properties+of+cartilage+by+coupling+poroelastic-based+finite+element+models+of+indentation+with+artificial+neural+networks.">Determination of the mechanical and physical properties of cartilage by coupling poroelastic-based finite element models of indentation with artificial neural networks.</a> Journal of Biomechanics. 49 (5), 631-637 (2016).</li><li>Kokkonen, H. T., et al. <a target="_blank" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?db=PubMed&cmd=Search&doptcmdl=Citation&defaultField=Title+Word&term=Computed+tomography+detects+changes+in+contrast+agent+diffusion+after+collagen+cross-linking+typical+to+natural+aging+of+articular+cartilage.">Computed tomography detects changes in contrast agent diffusion after collagen cross-linking typical to natural aging of articular cartilage.</a> Osteoarthritis and Cartilage. 19 (10), 1190-1198 (2011).</li><li>Decker, S. G., Moeini, M., Chin, H. C., Rosenzweig, D. H., Quinn, T. 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私たちは、関節軟骨全体で中性および充電溶質の拡散を研究するために、有限要素モデリング手法と組み合わせて実験プロトコルを提示しました。私たちの最近の研究によると、提案されたモデルは、正確に関節軟骨8、9の異なるゾーン間ニュートラル（二相性-溶質）の両方の輸送と負に帯電した（多相）溶質を記述することができます。広く、?...

<html>分子輸送は、関節の関節の恒常性に重要な役割を果たしている関節ための治療薬の配達軟骨と軟骨造影イメージング1、2、3。このような軟骨の統合と完全性、溶質の電荷およびサイズならびに軟骨と接触している浴の重量オスモル濃度および濃度のような因子は、トランスポートレート4、5、6に影響を及ぼし得ます。各ゾーンは、異なる濃度および主要細胞外マトリックス分子の配向から成るので、中性または荷電のいずれかの溶質の輸送は、関節軟骨のゾーン間で異なることができる、すなわち、プロテオグリカン（PG類）及びコラーゲンII型1、7、8、9、小娘= &quot;外部参照&quot;&gt; 10、11。より重要なことに、帯電した溶質の輸送は、関節軟骨8,9を横切って増加、細胞外マトリックス内の負の固定電荷を含むプロテオグリカンの濃度に大きく依存することができます。それらのパラメータ、特に固定電荷密度（FCD）、変形性関節症（OA）は、それによって軟骨を横切る拡散を研究することの重要性を意味する、進行するにつれて、軟骨を横断コラーゲン原線維と含水量変化の向きが変化を受けることができます。 今回の研究では、プロトコルは6、8、9を正確拡散の有限浴モデルに中性および充電溶質を使用して、さまざまな境界条件の下で拡散を調査するために提案され、以前に確立された実験と計算研究に基づきます。 T彼は、方法は、軟骨および高度な二相性-溶質および多相有限要素モデルでサポートされている有限浴を含むシステムのマイクロコンピュータ断層撮影（マイクロCT）で構成されている提案しました。これらのモデルは、関節軟骨の種々のゾーンを横切って中性と荷電分子ならびにFirstClassディレクトリサービスの拡散係数を得ることができます。これらのモデルを使用して、1は、軟骨および有限風呂を重ねる間の相互作用を調査するために使用することができ、拡散中性及び荷電した分子の挙動をよりよく理解を得ることができます。

<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" width="688">
	<tbody>
		<tr height="21">
			<td height="21" style="height:21px;width:216px;">Hexabrix</td>
			<td style="width:149px;">Guerbet</td>
			<td style="width:123px;">15HX005D</td>
			<td style="width:201px;">Negatively charged contrast agent</td>
		</tr>
		<tr height="21">
			<td height="21" style="height:21px;width:216px;">Visipaque</td>
			<td style="width:149px;">GE healthcare</td>
			<td align="right" style="width:123px;">12570511</td>
			<td>Nuetral contrast agent</td>
		</tr>
		<tr height="21">
			<td height="21" style="height:21px;width:216px;">PBS</td>
			<td style="width:149px;">Life technologies</td>
			<td align="right" style="width:123px;">10010023</td>
			<td>Medium</td>
		</tr>
		<tr height="21">
			<td height="21" style="height:21px;width:216px;">micro-CT</td>
			<td style="width:149px;">Perkin Elmer</td>
			<td style="width:123px;"></td>
			<td>Monitoring diffusion</td>
		</tr>
		<tr height="42">
			<td height="42" style="height:42px;width:216px;">Freezing-point osmometer</td>
			<td style="width:149px;">Advanced instruments</td>
			<td style="width:123px;"></td>
			<td>Measuring solution osmolality</td>
		</tr>
	</tbody>
</table>

an experimental and finite element protocol to investigate the transport of neutral and charged solutes across articular cartilage

<html>変形性関節症（OA）は、関節軟骨および軟骨下骨の変性に関連している衰弱性疾患です。これは驚異的な化学的分解、 すなわちプロテオグリカン損失及びコラーゲン原線維破壊を経験するように関節軟骨の変性が実質的にその荷重支持機能を損ないます。 OA中に化学的損傷のメカニズムを調査するための一つの有望な方法は、外部の溶質に軟骨標本を公開し、分子の拡散を監視することです。健康な軟骨と比較して異なる拡散特性を作成する関節軟骨を横切って移動しながら、軟骨損傷（ すなわち、濃度及び本質的な巨大分子の構成）の程度は、外部溶質の衝突エネルギー損失と関連しています。本研究では、いくつかのステップで構成され、以前に開発された実験マイクロ-Cに基づいてされているプロトコルを導入します14px; &quot;&gt; omputed T omography（マイクロCT）及び有限要素モデリング第二相、溶質および拡散係数を得るために、多相有限要素モデルを適用することにより、続いてマイクロCTを使用して記録されて充電され、非荷電ヨウ素化分子の輸送。軟骨ゾーン間で電荷密度を修正しました。

ここで提供される代表的な結果は、以前の研究論文6、8、9、16から採用されています。 OAは、関節軟骨は有意な変化最も重要なGAGの損失、及びコラーゲン線維の損傷17、18、19</sup...

Watch this Scientific Journal Video about An Experimental and Finite Element Protocol to Investigate the Transport of Neutral and Charged Solutes across Articular Cartilage at JoVE.com

An Experimental and Finite Element Protocol to Investigate the Transport of Neutral and Charged Solutes across Articular Cartilage

我々は最近開発された実験と数値解析法を用いて関節軟骨全体に充電し、非荷電分子の輸送を調査するためのプロトコルを提案します。

実験および有限要素議定書は、関節軟骨全体で中性および荷電溶質の輸送を調査します

Osteoarthritis (OA) is a debilitating disease that is associated with degeneration of articular cartilage and subchondral bone. Degeneration of articular ...

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An Experimental Protocol for Assessing the Performance of New Ultrasound Probes Based on CMUT Technology in Application to Brain Imaging

脳イメージングへの応用による CMUT 技術に基づく新しい超音波プローブの性能を評価するための実験プロトコル

The possibility to perform an early and repeatable assessment of imaging performance is fundamental in the design and development process of new ...

Creating a Structurally Realistic Finite Element Geometric Model of a Cardiomyocyte to Study the Role of Cellular Architecture in Cardiomyocyte Systems Biology

心筋細胞のシステム生物学における細胞構造の役割を研究する心筋細胞の構造的に現実的な有限要素の幾何学的なモデルを作成します。

With the advent of three-dimensional (3D) imaging technologies such as electron tomography, serial-block-face scanning electron microscopy and confocal ...

A Novel Surgical Technique As a Foundation for In Vivo Partial Liver Engineering in Rat

A Novel Surgical Technique As a Foundation for In Vivo Partial Liver Engineering in Rat

ラットでの肝部分工学生体内での基盤として新しい手術手技

Organ engineering is a novel strategy to generate liver organ substitutes that can potentially be used in transplantation. Recently, in vivo liver ...

Characterization of Intra-Cartilage Transport Properties of Cationic Peptide Carriers

カチオンペプチドキャリアの軟骨内輸送特性の特性

Several negatively charged tissues in the body, like cartilage, present a barrier to the targeted drug delivery due to their high density of negatively ...