Name: new variations for strategy set-shifting in the rat
Uploaded: 2017-01-23T13:00:00
Description: Watch this Scientific Journal Video about New Variations for Strategy Set-shifting in the Rat at JoVE.com

This study was supported by Human Frontier Science Program and the Sasakawa Scientific Research Grant from the Japan Science Society.

使用动物的所有的程序是由动物护理和使用委员会在科学和技术研究所冲绳批准。 1.动物<ol><li>获得男Long-Evans大鼠（250-300克，以到达）。 </li><li>抵达后，房子一组两个或三个老鼠在一起一个星期，后来他们分成单独的笼子里。请注意，这个实验设计涉及到食品的限制，需要在每个网箱控制消耗的食物保存的动物。 </li><li>提供食物和水随意所有动物，并在标准条件下...

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W. <a target="_blank" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?db=PubMed&cmd=Search&doptcmdl=Citation&defaultField=Title+Word&term=The+thalamostriatal+pathway+and+cholinergic+control+of+goal-directed+action:+interlacing+new+with+existing+learning+in+the+striatum.">The thalamostriatal pathway and cholinergic control of goal-directed action: interlacing new with existing learning in the striatum.</a> Neuron. 79, 153-166 (2013).</li><li>Okada, K., et al. <a target="_blank" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?db=PubMed&cmd=Search&doptcmdl=Citation&defaultField=Title+Word&term=Enhanced+flexibility+of+place+discrimination+learning+by+targeting+striatal+cholinergic+interneurons.">Enhanced flexibility of place discrimination learning by targeting striatal cholinergic interneurons.</a> Nat Commun. 5, (2014).</li><li>Ragozzino, M. 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<html>我们开发对大鼠使用一套既定移范式的新变化。利用这些范式，发现纹状体的胆碱能神经病变损害设定移，提示设置转移纹状体胆碱能的interneurons的一个特定的角色：一个新的规则抑制的旧规则和探索的便利。的影响背内侧和腹侧纹状体之间不同，根据这些结构中学习的不同的作用。 一组移任务已被广泛地用于测试物种从人类啮齿类<sup...

行为的灵活性是在不断变化的世界上生存的关键要求。一个用来测试这种能力既定的行为范式是集移，其中的注意力从一个刺激维度另一个转变是必需的规则改变后改变行动策略。几个脑区域，例如前额叶皮层和纹状体被牵连组移2，3，4，5。此功能的神经机制已经在多个物种（包括人）5，猴子6和大鼠1，7，8，9的影响。然而，集移任务大鼠版本尚未如广泛发展。大鼠的成本效益，其适当的<html>尺寸为立体定向手术，以及最近开发的遗传方式10的可用性，激励为大鼠使用组移范例的进一步发展。 老鼠一组典型的移模式需要两个行为策略之间的变化：例如，应对策略和视觉线索的策略。大鼠最初要选择的两个选项（如在一个操作性自动版本1中的T迷宫版本7，8，9，11左或右杆或左或右臂）之一。一组移位后，他们必须切换到使用视觉提示的策略，如光提示，指示正确的一面。在那些传统的集移的任务，它需要从一个刺激维转移注意力到已经预先不相干另一个方面。 内容】“&gt;除了改变到已经预先不相干的尺寸，也有逻辑可能性刺激以前相关的，或先前不存在，并且现在新的。在自然界中实际生活中的情况下可能需要注意的新的，或从历史相关但不关键线索。因此，我们认为设置移位这些亚型，在啮齿动物的一个新的变化设定换档基于先前建立的自动化组移任务1。 我们最近证明在实验中使用的设定模式发生变化的新版本，以确定纹状体12的神经化学特定病变的效果。在我们以前的研究中，我们有针对性的interneurons胆碱释放背内侧或腹侧纹状体的乙酰胆碱乙酰胆碱以来和这些次区域已经在行为的灵活性受到牵连。所有的实验条件要求相同的战略转移BUt分别参与不同类型的注意力转变：一种新的，以前相关或不相关的先前暗示。我们在这里描述的范式的详细程序，突出代表性的结果表明纹状体胆碱能系统在设定的转移，这是根据行为背景12个不同的纹状体分区域之间的可分离的基础性作用。

<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" width="687">
	<tbody>
		<tr height="21">
			<td height="21" style="height:21px;width:283px;">Standard Modular Test Chamber</td>
			<td style="width:97px;">Med Associates</td>
			<td style="width:119px;">ENV-008</td>
			<td style="width:189px;"></td>
		</tr>
		<tr height="21">
			<td height="21" style="height:21px;">Low Profile Retractable Response Lever</td>
			<td>Med Associates</td>
			<td>ENV-112CM</td>
			<td></td>
		</tr>
		<tr height="21">
			<td height="21" style="height:21px;">Stimulus Light for Rat</td>
			<td>Med Associates</td>
			<td>ENV-221M</td>
			<td></td>
		</tr>
		<tr height="21">
			<td height="21" style="height:21px;">Switchable Dual Pellet/Dipper Receptacle for Rat</td>
			<td>Med Associates</td>
			<td>ENV-202RM-S</td>
			<td></td>
		</tr>
		<tr height="21">
			<td height="21" style="height:21px;">Head Entry Detector for Rat Receptacles</td>
			<td>Med Associates</td>
			<td>ENV-254-CB</td>
			<td></td>
		</tr>
		<tr height="21">
			<td height="21" style="height:21px;">Modular Pellet Dispenser; 45 mg for Rat</td>
			<td>Med Associates</td>
			<td>ENV-203M-45</td>
			<td></td>
		</tr>
		<tr height="21">
			<td height="21" style="height:21px;">Sonalert Module for Rat</td>
			<td>Med Associates</td>
			<td>ENV-223AM</td>
			<td>4.5 kHz available (ENV-223HAM)</td>
		</tr>
		<tr height="21">
			<td height="21" style="height:21px;">House Light for Rat Chambers</td>
			<td>Med Associates</td>
			<td>ENV-215M</td>
			<td></td>
		</tr>
		<tr height="21">
			<td height="21" style="height:21px;">SmartCtrl Interface Module, 8 input/16 output</td>
			<td>Med Associates</td>
			<td>DIG-716B</td>
			<td></td>
		</tr>
		<tr height="21">
			<td height="21" style="height:21px;">SmartCtrl Connection Panel, 8 input/16 output</td>
			<td>Med Associates</td>
			<td>SG-716B</td>
			<td></td>
		</tr>
		<tr height="21">
			<td height="21" style="height:21px;">45 mg Tablet-Fruit Punch</td>
			<td>TestDiet</td>
			<td>1811255</td>
			<td>Several flavors available</td>
		</tr>
	</tbody>
</table>

new variations for strategy set-shifting in the rat

行为的灵活性是在不断变化的环境中生存的关键。从广义上讲，行为灵活性要求行为策略的基础上，管限规则变化的转变。我们描述的策略设置移，需要从一个刺激维到另一种注意力转移任务。范式通常用于在灵长类测试认知灵活性。然而，啮齿动物的版本还没有被广泛地作为开发。我们最近通过根据上下文需要注意不同的刺激延伸在大鼠1一套既定移任务。所需的所有实验条件的动物来选择左或右杠杆。最初，所有动物具有到杆的位置的基础上进行选择。随后，在规则的变化发生，这需要在一组从基于位置的规则，其中正确的杠杆是由光线索所指示的规则的移位。我们对THRE性能比较Ë不同版本的任务，其中，所述光刺激要么新颖，先前相关的，或先前不相关的。我们发现，特定的神经化学病灶选择性受损如通过在不同版本的任务的性能测定为使特定类型的组移位的能力。

我们所使用的策略设置移上述调查的interneurons胆碱的行为灵活性的角色任务。我们比较了在背内侧（DMS）的interneurons胆碱的免疫诱导选择性病变的任务的影响，腹侧纹状体（VS）和生理盐水注射的对照。所有动物不得不从选择的基础上侧的杆（左或右），切换到选择的基础上正确的杠杆上方的线索的光。我们使用设置移，其中，球杆光要么的三个实验条件：（1）新的，（2）预先相关（指示正确杆...

Watch this Scientific Journal Video about New Variations for Strategy Set-shifting in the Rat at JoVE.com

New Variations for Strategy Set-shifting in the Rat

设置转移，行为灵活性的形式，要求从一维刺激到另一个注意力转移。我们扩展了一个既定的啮齿动物设置移通过根据上下文需要注意对不同刺激的任务1。该任务的具体病变相结合，以确定神经元亚型的顺利转型底层。

对于战略的新变化集移在大鼠

Behavioral flexibility is crucial for survival in changing environments. Broadly defined, behavioral flexibility requires a shift of behavioral strategy ...

Research

JoVE Journal

Behavior

A Procedure to Study the Effect of Prolonged Food Restriction on Heroin Seeking in Abstinent Rats

一个过程来研究延长食品的限制对海洛因寻求戒断大鼠的影响

In human drug addicts, exposure to drug-associated cues or environments that were previously associated with drug taking can trigger relapse during ...

科研

行为学

The Attentional Set Shifting Task: A Measure of Cognitive Flexibility in Mice

在注意定势转移任务：测量小鼠认知的灵活性

Cognitive impairment, particularly involving dysfunction of circuitry within the prefrontal cortex (PFC), represents a core feature of many ...

Moderate Prenatal Alcohol Exposure and Quantification of Social Behavior in Adult Rats

适度的产前酒精暴露在成年大鼠社会行为的量化

Alterations in social behavior are among the major negative consequences observed in children with Fetal Alcohol Spectrum Disorders (FASDs). Several ...

Infant Auditory Processing and Event-related Brain Oscillations

婴儿听觉处理和事件相关的脑振荡

Rapid auditory processing and acoustic change detection abilities play a critical role in allowing human infants to efficiently process the fine spectral ...

Using the Activity-based Anorexia Rodent Model to Study the Neurobiological Basis of Anorexia Nervosa

使用基于活动的厌食症啮齿动物模型来研究神经性厌食症的神经生物学基础

Anorexia nervosa (AN) is a psychiatric illness characterized by excessively restricted caloric intake and abnormally high levels of physical activity. A ...

The Social Dimension of Stress: Experimental Manipulations of Social Support and Social Identity in the Trier Social Stress Test

应力的社会问题：社会支持和社会认同的特里尔社会的实验操作压力测试

In many situations humans are influenced by the behavior of other people and their relationships with them. For example, in stressful situations ...

Ultrasound Images of the Tongue: A Tutorial for Assessment and Remediation of Speech Sound Errors

舌的超声图像：一个教程评估和修复声音讲话的错误

Diagnostic ultrasound imaging has been a common tool in medical practice for several decades. It provides a safe and effective method for imaging ...

Neurodevelopmental Reflex Testing in Neonatal Rat Pups

神经发育复检新生幼鼠

Neurodevelopmental reflex testing is commonly used in clinical practice to assess the maturation of the nervous system. Neurodevelopmental reflexes are ...

Stereotactically-guided Ablation of the Rat Auditory Cortex, and Localization of the Lesion in the Brain

Stereotactically 对大鼠听觉皮层的诱导消融及脑内病变的定位

The rat auditory cortex (AC) is becoming popular among auditory neuroscience investigators who are interested in experience-dependence plasticity, ...

A New Method for Inducing a Depression-Like Behavior in Rats

一种诱导大鼠抑郁症状行为的新方法

Contagious depression is a phenomenon that is yet to be fully recognized and this stems from insufficient material on the subject. At the moment, there is ...