Name: quantification of strain in a porcine model of skin expansion using multi-view stereo and isogeometric kinematics
Uploaded: 2017-04-16T14:00:00
Description: Watch this Scientific Journal Video about Quantification of Strain in a Porcine Model of Skin Expansion Using Multi-View Stereo and Isogeometric Kinematics at JoVE.com

This work was supported by NIH grant 1R21EB021590-01A1 to Arun Gosain and Ellen Kuhl.

该协议涉及动物的实验。该方案经安和芝加哥研究中心动物护理和使用委员会的罗伯特·H·卢瑞尔儿童医院的IRB，以保证动物的人道待遇。使用该协议两个扩展研究的结果已在别处公布的16，31。 该协议的执行需要一个团队专长互补。该协议的第一部分介绍的动物模型的手术过程，需要与适当的医疗人员培训。随后的分析，特别是第...

<ol>
	<li>Gosain, A. K., Zochowski, C. G., Cortes, W. <a target="_blank" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?db=PubMed&cmd=Search&doptcmdl=Citation&defaultField=Title+Word&term=Refinements+of+tissue+expansion+for+pediatric+forehead+reconstruction:+a+13-year+experience.">Refinements of tissue expansion for pediatric forehead reconstruction: a 13-year experience.</a> Plast Reconstr Surg. 124, 1559-1570 (2009).</li><li>Neumann, C. G. <a target="_blank" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?db=PubMed&cmd=Search&doptcmdl=Citation&defaultField=Title+Word&term=The+expansion+of+an+area+of+skin+by+progressive+distention+of+a+subcutaneous+balloon:+Use+of+the+Method+for+Securing+Skin+for+Subtotal+Reconstruction+of+the+Ear.">The expansion of an area of skin by progressive distention of a subcutaneous balloon: Use of the Method for Securing Skin for Subtotal Reconstruction of the Ear.</a> Plast Reconstr Surg. 19, 124-130 (1957).</li><li>De Filippo, R. E., Atala, A. <a target="_blank" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?db=PubMed&cmd=Search&doptcmdl=Citation&defaultField=Title+Word&term=Stretch+and+growth:+the+molecular+and+physiologic+influences+of+tissue+expansion.">Stretch and growth: the molecular and physiologic influences of tissue expansion.</a> Plast Reconstr Surg. 109, 2450-2462 (2002).</li><li>Buganza Tepole, A., Joseph Ploch, C., Wong, J., Gosain, A. K., Kuhl, E. <a target="_blank" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?db=PubMed&cmd=Search&doptcmdl=Citation&defaultField=Title+Word&term=Growing+skin:+A+computational+model+for+skin+expansion+in+reconstructive+surgery.">Growing skin: A computational model for skin expansion in reconstructive surgery.</a> J Mech Phys Solids. 59, 2177-2190 (2011).</li><li>LoGiudice, J., Gosain, A. K. <a target="_blank" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?db=PubMed&cmd=Search&doptcmdl=Citation&defaultField=Title+Word&term=Pediatric+Tissue+Expansion:+Indications+and+Complications.">Pediatric Tissue Expansion: Indications and Complications.</a> J Craniofac Surg. 14, 866-866 (2003).</li><li>Rivera, R., LoGiudice, J., Gosain, A. K. <a target="_blank" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?db=PubMed&cmd=Search&doptcmdl=Citation&defaultField=Title+Word&term=Tissue+expansion+in+pediatric+patients.">Tissue expansion in pediatric patients.</a> Clin Plast Surg. 32, 35-44 (2005).</li><li>Marcus, J., Horan, D. B., Robinson, J. K. <a target="_blank" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?db=PubMed&cmd=Search&doptcmdl=Citation&defaultField=Title+Word&term=Tissue+expansion:+Past,+present,+and+future.">Tissue expansion: Past, present, and future.</a> J Am Acad Dermatol. 23, 813-825 (1990).</li><li>Patel, P. A., Elhadi, H. M., Kitzmiller, W. J., Billmire, D. A., Yakuboff, K. P. <a target="_blank" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?db=PubMed&cmd=Search&doptcmdl=Citation&defaultField=Title+Word&term=Tissue+expander+complications+in+the+pediatric+burn+patient:+a+10-year+follow-up.">Tissue expander complications in the pediatric burn patient: a 10-year follow-up.</a> Ann Plast Surg. 72, 150-154 (2014).</li><li>Pietramaggiori, G., et al. <a target="_blank" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?db=PubMed&cmd=Search&doptcmdl=Citation&defaultField=Title+Word&term=Tensile+Forces+Stimulate+Vascular+Remodeling+and+Epidermal+Cell+Proliferation+in+Living+Skin.">Tensile Forces Stimulate Vascular Remodeling and Epidermal Cell Proliferation in Living Skin.</a> Ann Surg. 246, 896-902 (2007).</li><li>Khalatbari, B., Bakhshaeekia, A. <a target="_blank" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?db=PubMed&cmd=Search&doptcmdl=Citation&defaultField=Title+Word&term=Ten-year+experience+in+face+and+neck+unit+reconstruction+using+tissue+expanders.">Ten-year experience in face and neck unit reconstruction using tissue expanders.</a> Burns. 39, 522-527 (2013).</li><li>Brobmann, F. F., Huber, J. <a target="_blank" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?db=PubMed&cmd=Search&doptcmdl=Citation&defaultField=Title+Word&term=Effects+of+different-shaped+tissue+expanders+on+transluminal+pressure,+oxygen+tension,+histopathologic+changes,+and+skin+expansion+in+pigs.">Effects of different-shaped tissue expanders on transluminal pressure, oxygen tension, histopathologic changes, and skin expansion in pigs.</a> Plast Reconstr Surg. 76, 731-736 (1985).</li><li>van Rappard, J. H., Molenaar, J., van Doorn, K., Sonneveld, G. J., Borghouts, J. M. <a target="_blank" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?db=PubMed&cmd=Search&doptcmdl=Citation&defaultField=Title+Word&term=Surface-area+increase+in+tissue+expansion.">Surface-area increase in tissue expansion.</a> Plast Reconstr Surg. 82, 833-839 (1988).</li><li>Pusic, A. L., Cordeiro, P. G. <a target="_blank" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?db=PubMed&cmd=Search&doptcmdl=Citation&defaultField=Title+Word&term=An+accelerated+approach+to+tissue+expansion+for+breast+reconstruction:+experience+with+intraoperative+and+rapid+postoperative+expansion+in+370+reconstructions.">An accelerated approach to tissue expansion for breast reconstruction: experience with intraoperative and rapid postoperative expansion in 370 reconstructions.</a> Plast Reconstr Surg. 111, 1871-1875 (2003).</li><li>Schneider, M. S., Wyatt, D. B., Konvolinka, C. W., Hassanein, K. M., Hiebert, J. M. <a target="_blank" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?db=PubMed&cmd=Search&doptcmdl=Citation&defaultField=Title+Word&term=Comparison+of+Rapid+Versus+Slow+Tissue+Expansion+on+Skin-Flap+Viability.">Comparison of Rapid Versus Slow Tissue Expansion on Skin-Flap Viability.</a> Plast Reconstr Surg. 92, 1126-1132 (1993).</li><li>Schmidt, S. C., Logan, S. E., Hayden, J. M., Ahn, S. T., Mustoe, T. A. <a target="_blank" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?db=PubMed&cmd=Search&doptcmdl=Citation&defaultField=Title+Word&term=Continuous+versus+conventional+tissue+expansion:+experimental+verification+of+a+new+technique.">Continuous versus conventional tissue expansion: experimental verification of a new technique.</a> Plast Reconstr Surg. 87, 10-15 (1991).</li><li>Buganza Tepole, A., Gart, M., Purnell, C. A., Gosain, A. K., Kuhl, E. <a target="_blank" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?db=PubMed&cmd=Search&doptcmdl=Citation&defaultField=Title+Word&term=Multi-view+stereo+analysis+reveals+anisotropy+of+prestrain,+deformation,+and+growth+in+living+skin.">Multi-view stereo analysis reveals anisotropy of prestrain, deformation, and growth in living skin.</a> Biomech Model Mechanobiol. 14, 1007-1019 (2015).</li><li>Tonge, T. K., Atlan, L. S., Voo, L. M., Nguyen, T. D. <a target="_blank" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?db=PubMed&cmd=Search&doptcmdl=Citation&defaultField=Title+Word&term=Full-field+bulge+test+for+planar+anisotropic+tissues:+Part+I-Experimental+methods+applied+to+human+skin+tissue.">Full-field bulge test for planar anisotropic tissues: Part I-Experimental methods applied to human skin tissue.</a> Acta Biomater. 9, 5913-5925 (2013).</li><li>Park, S. I., Hodgins, J. K. <a target="_blank" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?db=PubMed&cmd=Search&doptcmdl=Citation&defaultField=Title+Word&term=Capturing+and+animating+skin+deformation+in+human+motion.">Capturing and animating skin deformation in human motion.</a> ACM Trans Graph. 25, 881-881 (2006).</li><li>Rausch, M. K., et al. <a target="_blank" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?db=PubMed&cmd=Search&doptcmdl=Citation&defaultField=Title+Word&term=In+vivo+dynamic+strains+of+the+ovine+anterior+mitral+valve+leaflet.">In vivo dynamic strains of the ovine anterior mitral valve leaflet.</a> J Biomech. 44, 1149-1157 (2011).</li><li>Leyva-Mendivil, M. F., Page, A., Bressloff, N. W., Limbert, G. <a target="_blank" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?db=PubMed&cmd=Search&doptcmdl=Citation&defaultField=Title+Word&term=A+mechanistic+insight+into+the+mechanical+role+of+the+stratum+corneum+during+stretching+and+compression+of+the+skin.">A mechanistic insight into the mechanical role of the stratum corneum during stretching and compression of the skin.</a> J Mech Behav Biomed Mater. 49, 197-219 (2015).</li><li>Buganza Tepole, A., Kabaria, H., Bletzinger, K. -. U., Kuhl, E. <a target="_blank" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?db=PubMed&cmd=Search&doptcmdl=Citation&defaultField=Title+Word&term=Isogeometric+Kirchhoff-Love+shell+formulations+for+biological+membranes.">Isogeometric Kirchhoff-Love shell formulations for biological membranes.</a> Comput Methods Appl Mech Eng. 293, 328-347 (2015).</li><li>Prot, V., Skallerud, B., Holzapfel, G. A. <a target="_blank" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?db=PubMed&cmd=Search&doptcmdl=Citation&defaultField=Title+Word&term=Transversely+isotropic+membrane+shells+with+application+to+mitral+valve+mechanics.+Constitutive+modelling+and+finite+element+implementation.">Transversely isotropic membrane shells with application to mitral valve mechanics. Constitutive modelling and finite element implementation.</a> Int J Num Meth Eng. 71, 987-1008 (2007).</li><li>Seitz, S. M., Curless, B., Diebel, J., Scharstein, D., Szeliski, R. <a target="_blank" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?db=PubMed&cmd=Search&doptcmdl=Citation&defaultField=Title+Word&term=A+comparison+and+evaluation+of+multi-view+stereo+reconstruction+algorithms.">A comparison and evaluation of multi-view stereo reconstruction algorithms.</a> Proc IEEE CVPR. 1, 519-528 (2006).</li><li>Furukawa, Y., Ponce, J. <a target="_blank" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?db=PubMed&cmd=Search&doptcmdl=Citation&defaultField=Title+Word&term=Dense+3D+motion+capture+for+human+faces.">Dense 3D motion capture for human faces.</a> 2009 IEEE CVPR. , (2009).</li><li>Jor, J. W. Y., Nash, M. P., Nielsen, P. M. F., Hunter, P. J. <a target="_blank" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?db=PubMed&cmd=Search&doptcmdl=Citation&defaultField=Title+Word&term=Estimating+material+parameters+of+a+structurally+based+constitutive+relation+for+skin+mechanics.">Estimating material parameters of a structurally based constitutive relation for skin mechanics.</a> Biomech Model Mechanobiol. 10, 767-778 (2010).</li><li>Weickenmeier, J., Jabareen, M., Mazza, E. <a target="_blank" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?db=PubMed&cmd=Search&doptcmdl=Citation&defaultField=Title+Word&term=Suction+based+mechanical+characterization+of+superficial+facial+soft+tissues.">Suction based mechanical characterization of superficial facial soft tissues.</a> J Biomech. 48, 4279-4286 (2015).</li><li>Hughes, T. J. R., Cottrell, J. A., Bazilevs, Y. <a target="_blank" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?db=PubMed&cmd=Search&doptcmdl=Citation&defaultField=Title+Word&term=Isogeometric+analysis:+CAD,+finite+elements,+NURBS,+exact+geometry+and+mesh+refinement.">Isogeometric analysis: CAD, finite elements, NURBS, exact geometry and mesh refinement.</a> Comput Methods Appl Mech Eng. 194, 4135-4195 (2005).</li><li>Echter, R., Oesterle, B., Bischoff, M. <a target="_blank" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?db=PubMed&cmd=Search&doptcmdl=Citation&defaultField=Title+Word&term=A+hierarchic+family+of+isogeometric+shell+finite+elements.">A hierarchic family of isogeometric shell finite elements.</a> Comput Methods Appl Mech Eng. 254, 170-180 (2013).</li><li>Benson, D. J., Hartmann, S., Bazilevs, Y., Hsu, M. C., Hughes, T. J. R. <a target="_blank" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?db=PubMed&cmd=Search&doptcmdl=Citation&defaultField=Title+Word&term=Blended+isogeometric+shells.">Blended isogeometric shells.</a> Comput Methods Appl Mech Eng. 255, 133-146 (2013).</li><li>Chen, L., et al. <a target="_blank" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?db=PubMed&cmd=Search&doptcmdl=Citation&defaultField=Title+Word&term=Explicit+finite+deformation+analysis+of+isogeometric+membranes.">Explicit finite deformation analysis of isogeometric membranes.</a> Comput Methods Appl Mech Eng. 277, 104-130 (2014).</li><li>Buganza Tepole, A., Gart, M., Purnell, C. A., Gosain, A. K., Kuhl, E. <a target="_blank" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?db=PubMed&cmd=Search&doptcmdl=Citation&defaultField=Title+Word&term=The+Incompatibility+of+Living+Systems:+Characterizing+Growth-Induced+Incompatibilities+in+Expanded+Skin.">The Incompatibility of Living Systems: Characterizing Growth-Induced Incompatibilities in Expanded Skin.</a> Ann Biomed Eng. 44, 1734-1752 (2016).</li><li>Buganza Tepole, A., Gart, M., Gosain, A. K., Kuhl, E. <a target="_blank" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?db=PubMed&cmd=Search&doptcmdl=Citation&defaultField=Title+Word&term=Characterization+of+living+skin+using+multi-view+stereo+and+isogeometric+analysis.">Characterization of living skin using multi-view stereo and isogeometric analysis.</a> Acta Biomater. 10, 4822-4831 (2014).</li><li>Rose, E. H., Ksander, G. A., Vistnes, L. M. <a target="_blank" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?db=PubMed&cmd=Search&doptcmdl=Citation&defaultField=Title+Word&term=Skin+tension+lines+in+the+domestic+pig.">Skin tension lines in the domestic pig.</a> Plast Reconstr Surg. 57, 729-732 (1976).</li><li>Rausch, M. K., Kuhl, E. <a target="_blank" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?db=PubMed&cmd=Search&doptcmdl=Citation&defaultField=Title+Word&term=On+the+mechanics+of+growing+thin+biological+membranes.">On the mechanics of growing thin biological membranes.</a> J Mech Phys Solids. 63, 128-140 (2014).</li><li>Argenta, L. C. <a target="_blank" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?db=PubMed&cmd=Search&doptcmdl=Citation&defaultField=Title+Word&term=Controlled+tissue+expansion+in+reconstructive+surgery.">Controlled tissue expansion in reconstructive surgery.</a> Br J Plast Surg. 37, 520-529 (1984).</li><li>Hudson, D. <a target="_blank" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?db=PubMed&cmd=Search&doptcmdl=Citation&defaultField=Title+Word&term=Maximising+the+use+of+tissue+expanded+flaps.">Maximising the use of tissue expanded flaps.</a> Br J Plast Surg. 56, 784-790 (2003).</li><li>Bartell, T. H., Mustoe, T. A. <a target="_blank" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?db=PubMed&cmd=Search&doptcmdl=Citation&defaultField=Title+Word&term=Animal+models+of+human+tissue+expansion.">Animal models of human tissue expansion.</a> Plast Reconstr Surg. 83, 681-686 (1989).</li><li>Belkoff, S. M., et al. <a target="_blank" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?db=PubMed&cmd=Search&doptcmdl=Citation&defaultField=Title+Word&term=Effects+of+subcutaneous+expansion+on+the+mechanical+properties+of+porcine+skin.">Effects of subcutaneous expansion on the mechanical properties of porcine skin.</a> J Surg Res. 58, 117-123 (1995).</li><li>Ni Annaidh, A., Bruy&#232;re, K., Destrade, M., Gilchrist, M. D., Ott&#233;nio, <a target="_blank" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?db=PubMed&cmd=Search&doptcmdl=Citation&defaultField=Title+Word&term=Automated+estimation+of+collagen+fibre+dispersion+in+the+dermis+and+its+contribution+to+the+anisotropic+behaviour+of+skin.">Automated estimation of collagen fibre dispersion in the dermis and its contribution to the anisotropic behaviour of skin.</a> Ann Biomed Eng. 5, 139-148 (2012).</li><li>Kiendl, J., Bletzinger, K. U., Linhard, J., W&#252;chner, R. <a target="_blank" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?db=PubMed&cmd=Search&doptcmdl=Citation&defaultField=Title+Word&term=Isogeometric+shell+analysis+with+Kirchhoff-Love+elements.">Isogeometric shell analysis with Kirchhoff-Love elements.</a> Comput Methods Appl Mech Eng. 198, 3902-3914 (2009).</li></ol>

<html>在这里，我们提出了一个协议来表征在使用多视点立体（MVS）和isogeometric运动学（IGA运动学）猪模型的组织膨胀过程期间引起的变形。期间的组织扩张，皮肤经受大的变形从光滑和相对平坦的表面要圆顶状3D形状。皮肤，像其他生物膜34，响应通过产生新的材料伸展，在区域可随后用于重建目的35增加。因此，通过膨胀机所产生的拉伸的精确测定是至关重要?...

组织扩张是在整形外科的常用技术，生长皮肤在体内的皮肤大缺陷1的校正。纽曼于1957年，是记录这个过程的第一个外科医生。他植入患者的皮肤下面的气囊和充气逐渐它在数周长出新的组织及铺设耳2。皮肤，像大多数生物组织，以适应所施加的力和变形，以达到机械平衡。当拉伸超过生理机制，皮肤长3，4。一个的组织扩张的中央优点是生产皮肤用适当的血管化和相同的头发轴承，机械性能，颜色和质地的周围组织5。 其推出的六十年前，皮肤expansio后n具有由塑料和重建外科医生被广泛采用，并且目前用于校正烧伤，大先天性缺陷，和乳房再造术6,7之后。然而，尽管它的广泛使用，皮肤扩张过程可以导致并发症8。这部分是由于缺乏必要了解程序的基本力学生物学，并在术前计划9，10来引导外科医生足够的定量证据。在该技术中的关键参数是填充率，填充每体积膨胀，膨胀的形状和尺寸的选择，并且该装置11，12的位置。目前术前计划主要依靠医生的经验，产生了各种各样的任意的协议，往往不同greatlÿ13，14，15。 为了解决目前的知识缺口，我们提出了一个实验方案来量化在组织扩张的猪动物模型膨胀而引起的变形。该协议依靠使用多视点立体（MVS）来重建三维（3D）几何形状不与未知摄像机位置的二维（2D）图像的序列。使用样条曲线，光滑的表面的表示由isogeometric（IGA）描述的方法导致了相应的变形地图的计算。几何形状的分析是基于在具有明确的参数16的膜的连续介质力学的理论框架。 表征生活过很长一段时间的材料有关生理变形仍然是一个具有挑战性的问题。为共同战略生物组织的成像包括立体数字图像相关，具有反射标记的商业动作捕捉系统，和双平面视频透视17，18，19。然而，这些技术要求限制性的实验设置，一般是昂贵的，并已被主要用于离体或在体内设置尖锐。皮肤具有作为薄的结构的优点。即使它由若干层组成，真皮是用于组织的机械性质并在很大程度上负责因此表面变形是最重要的20;合理的运动学假设可以对于出平面变形21,22制成。此外，皮肤已经暴露在外部环境，使其能够使用传统的成像工具来捕捉它的几何形状。 HERE我们建议使用MVS的作为负担得起的和灵活的方法来监测皮肤在数周内体内变形而没有与组织扩张协议majorly干扰。 MVS是提取对象或场景的三维表示从二维图像的具有未知相机集合角23的技术。仅在过去的三年里，一些商业代码已经出现（见的实例，材料清单）。模型重建MVS的精度高，但有错误低至2％24，使得这种方法适用于体内在长时间皮肤的运动表征。 到组织膨胀期间获得皮肤的相应的变形地图，任意两个几何构型之间的点匹配。以往，研究人员在计算生物力学已经使用有限元网格和逆分析来检索变形图25，26。此处使用的IGA方法使用，其对于薄的膜27，28的分析提供若干优点样条基函数。即，高次多项式的可用性有助于平滑地几何形状的表示，即使具有非常粗网格29,30。另外，也能够配合在相同的基础参数的所有表面补丁，规避该需要一种逆问题考虑到不匹配的离散化。 这里介绍的方法开辟了新的途径，在很长一段时间来研究有关皮肤力学体内设置。此外，我们希望，我们的方法是在开发针对在临床上的个性化治疗计划的计算工具的最终目标关键的一步。&lt;/ P&gt;

<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" width="817">
	<colgroup>
		<col />
		<col />
		<col />
		<col />
	</colgroup>
	<tbody>
		<tr height="21">
			<td height="21" style="height:21px;width:216px;">Yucatan miniature swine</td>
			<td style="width:263px;">Sinclair Bioresources, Windham, ME</td>
			<td style="width:141px;">N/A</td>
			<td style="width:197px;"></td>
		</tr>
		<tr height="42">
			<td height="42" style="height:42px;width:216px;">Antibiotics</td>
			<td>Santa Cruz Animal Health, Paso Robles, CA</td>
			<td style="width:141px;">sc-362931Rx</td>
			<td>Ceftiofur, dosage 5mg/kg intramuscular</td>
		</tr>
		<tr height="21">
			<td height="21" style="height:21px;">Chlorhexidine-based surgical soap</td>
			<td style="width:263px;">Cardinal Health, Dublin, OH</td>
			<td>AS-4CHGL(4-32)</td>
			<td>4% chlorhexidine gluconate surgical hand scrub</td>
		</tr>
		<tr height="42">
			<td height="42" style="height:42px;">Tattoo transfer medium&#160;</td>
			<td style="width:263px;">Hildbrandt Tattoo Supply, Point Roberts, WA</td>
			<td>TRANSF</td>
			<td>Stencil thermal tattoo transfer paper</td>
		</tr>
		<tr height="21">
			<td height="21" style="height:21px;">Lidocaine with epinephrine</td>
			<td style="width:263px;">ACE Surgical Supply Co, Brockton, MA</td>
			<td style="width:141px;">001-1423</td>
			<td>Lidocaine Hcl 1% (Xylocaine) - Epinephrine 1:100,000, 20ml</td>
		</tr>
		<tr height="21">
			<td height="21" style="height:21px;">Buprenorphine</td>
			<td style="width:263px;">ZooPharm, Windsor, CO</td>
			<td style="width:141px;"></td>
			<td>1 mg/ml sustained release, dosage 0.01 mg/kg intramuscular</td>
		</tr>
		<tr height="21">
			<td height="21" style="height:21px;width:216px;">Digital camera</td>
			<td style="width:263px;">Sony</td>
			<td style="width:141px;">Alpha33&#160;</td>
			<td>Standard digital camera with 18-35mm lens, 3.5-5.6 aperture. Used in automatic mode, no flash</td>
		</tr>
		<tr height="21">
			<td height="21" style="height:21px;width:216px;">Tape measure</td>
			<td style="width:263px;">Medline, Mundelein, Illinois</td>
			<td style="width:141px;">NON171330</td>
			<td>Retractable tape measure, cloth, plastic case, 72inches</td>
		</tr>
		<tr height="21">
			<td height="21" style="height:21px;width:216px;">Tissue expanders</td>
			<td style="width:263px;">PMT, Chanhassen, MN</td>
			<td style="width:141px;">03610-06-02</td>
			<td>4cm x 6cm, rectangular, 120cc, 3610 series 2 stage tissue expander with standard port</td>
		</tr>
		<tr height="21">
			<td height="21" style="height:21px;width:216px;">ReCap360</td>
			<td style="width:263px;">Autodesk</td>
			<td style="width:141px;">N/A</td>
			<td>MVS Software, Web application: recap360.autodesk.com</td>
		</tr>
		<tr height="21">
			<td height="21" style="height:21px;width:216px;">Blender</td>
			<td style="width:263px;">Blender Foundation</td>
			<td style="width:141px;">N/A</td>
			<td>Computer Graphics Software, open source: blender.org</td>
		</tr>
		<tr height="21">
			<td height="21" style="height:21px;width:216px;">SISL</td>
			<td style="width:263px;">SINTEF</td>
			<td style="width:141px;">N/A</td>
			<td>C++ spline libraries, open source: https://www.sintef.no/projectweb/geometry-toolkits/sisl/</td>
		</tr>
	</tbody>
</table>

quantification of strain in a porcine model of skin expansion using multi-view stereo and isogeometric kinematics

Tissue expansion is a popular technique in plastic and reconstructive surgery that grows skin in vivo for correction of large defects such as burns and giant congenital nevi. Despite its widespread use, planning and executing an expansion protocol is challenging due to the difficulty in measuring the deformation imposed at each inflation step and over the length of the procedure. Quantifying the deformation fields is crucial, as the distribution of stretch over time determines the rate and amount of skin grown at the end of the treatment. In this manuscript, we present a method to study tissue expansion in order to gain quantitative knowledge of the deformations induced during an expansion process. This experimental protocol incorporates multi-view stereo and isogeometric kinematic analysis in a porcine model of tissue expansion. Multi-view stereo allows three-dimensional geometric reconstruction from uncalibrated sequences of images. The isogeometric kinematic analysis uses splines to describe the regional deformations between smooth surfaces with few mesh points. Our protocol has the potential to bridge the gap between basic scientific inquiry regarding the mechanics of skin expansion and the clinical setting. Eventually, we expect that the knowledge gained with our methodology will enable treatment planning using computational simulations of skin deformation in a personalized manner.

这种方法已被成功地用于研究由不同膨胀器的几何形状引起的变形：矩形，球形和新月形扩展器31，32。对应于球和月牙扩展结果接下来讨论。 图2示出的三个步骤MVS模型重构的。其出发点是从静态的现场照片的集合。与纹身网格和测量尺动物静卧的照片，从不同角度拍摄的。照片之间的MVS算法匹配的特征提取的三维...

Watch this Scientific Journal Video about Quantification of Strain in a Porcine Model of Skin Expansion Using Multi-View Stereo and Isogeometric Kinematics at JoVE.com

Quantification of Strain in a Porcine Model of Skin Expansion Using Multi-View Stereo and Isogeometric Kinematics

该协议使用多视点立体生成三维（3D）模型进行的照片未校准序列，使得它负担得起的和调节的，以在外科手术设置。的3D模型之间应变图与基于样条的isogeometric运动学，其有利于平滑表面过度粗网格共享相同的参数化表示定量。

在皮肤扩张使用多视点立体和Isogeometric运动学的猪模型应变的定量

Tissue expansion is a popular technique in plastic and reconstructive surgery that grows skin in vivo for correction of large defects such as burns and ...

Research

JoVE Journal

Bioengineering

The Three-Dimensional Human Skin Reconstruct Model: a Tool to Study Normal  Skin and Melanoma Progression

三维人体皮肤重建模型：一种工具来研究正常皮肤恶性黑色素瘤进展

Most in vitro studies in experimental skin biology have been done in 2-dimensional (2D) monocultures, while accumulating evidence suggests that cells ...

科研

生物工程

A Full Skin Defect Model to Evaluate Vascularization of Biomaterials In Vivo

A Full Skin Defect Model to Evaluate Vascularization of Biomaterials In Vivo

一个完整的皮肤缺损模型，以评估生物材料的血管化<em&gt;体内</em

Insufficient vascularization is considered to be one of the main factors limiting the clinical success of tissue-engineered constructs. In order to ...

Generation of a Three-dimensional Full Thickness Skin Equivalent and Automated Wounding

三维全层皮肤的生成等效和自动伤人

In vitro models are a cost effective and ethical alternative to study cutaneous wound healing processes. Moreover, by using human cells, these models ...

Improving 2D and 3D Skin In Vitro Models Using Macromolecular Crowding

Improving 2D and 3D Skin In Vitro Models Using Macromolecular Crowding

提高2D和3D皮肤<em&gt;体外</em&gt;模型使用大分子拥挤

The glycoprotein family of collagens represents the main structural proteins in the human body, and are key components of biomaterials used in modern ...

In Vitro Model of Human Cutaneous Hypertrophic Scarring using Macromolecular Crowding

利用大分子挤出的人类食性增大疤痕的体外模型

It has been shown that in vivo tissues are highly crowded by proteins, nucleic acids, ribonucleoproteins, polysaccharides, etc. The following protocol ...

Imaging and Quantification of the Area of Fast-Moving Microbubbles Using a High-Speed Camera and Image Analysis

使用高速摄像机和图像分析对快速移动微泡区域进行成像和定量

An experimental and image analysis technique is presented for imaging cavitation bubbles and calculating their area. The high-speed imaging experimental ...

Measuring 3D In-vivo Shoulder Kinematics using Biplanar Videoradiography

使用双平面影像学测量 3D 体内肩部运动学

The shoulder is one of the human body's most complex joint systems, with motion occurring through the coordinated actions of four individual joints, ...

Generation of a Simplified Three-Dimensional Skin-on-a-chip Model in a Micromachined Microfluidic Platform

在微加工微流体平台中生成简化的三维芯片皮肤模型

This work presents a new, cost-effective, and reliable microfluidic platform with the potential to generate complex multilayered tissues. As a proof of ...

Quantification of Mouse Heart Left Ventricular Function, Myocardial Strain, and Hemodynamic Forces by Cardiovascular Magnetic Resonance Imaging

通过心血管磁共振成像定量小鼠心脏左心室功能、心肌劳损和血流动力学力

Mouse models have contributed significantly to understanding genetic and physiological factors involved in healthy cardiac function, how perturbations ...

A Reliable Porcine Fascio-Cutaneous Flap Model for Vascularized Composite Allografts Bioengineering Studies

Vascularized Composite Allografts (VCA) such as hand, face, or penile transplant represents the cutting-edge treatment for devastating skin defects, ...