Name: ligand nano-cluster arrays in a supported lipid bilayer
Uploaded: 2017-04-23T14:00:00
Description: Watch this Scientific Journal Video about Ligand Nano-cluster Arrays in a Supported Lipid Bilayer at JoVE.com

Agradecemos a Laurent Limozin, Pierre Dillard y Astrid Wahl para continuar un debate fructífero sobre aplicaciones celulares. Agradecemos también a Frederic Bedu desde las instalaciones de sala limpia PLANETE por su ayuda con las observaciones de SEM. Este trabajo fue financiado en parte por el Consejo Europeo de Investigación a través de la subvención Nº 307104 FP / 2007-2013 / CEI.

1. limpieza de vidrio Cover-toboganes y cámaras de observación <ol><li> Organizar el vidrio de cubierta-se desliza sobre una bandeja de múltiples de cremallera realizado en un material inerte como politetrafluoroetileno (PTFE). </li><li> Sumergir la bandeja con toboganes y la cámara de observación en una solución de tensioactivo (cualquier producto recomendado para la limpieza de cubetas de cuarzo es adecuado). </li><li> El uso de un baño ultrasónico, ultra-sonicado en la solución de tensioactivo durante 30 m...

<ol>
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P. <a target="_blank" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?db=PubMed&cmd=Search&doptcmdl=Citation&defaultField=Title+Word&term=Fine+tuning+and+efficient+T+cell+activation+with+stimulatory+aCD3+nanoarrays.">Fine tuning and efficient T cell activation with stimulatory aCD3 nanoarrays.</a> Nano Lett. 13 (11), 5090-5097 (2013).</li><li>Dillard, P., Pi, F., Lellouch, A. C., Limozin, L., Sengupta, K. <a target="_blank" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?db=PubMed&cmd=Search&doptcmdl=Citation&defaultField=Title+Word&term=Nano-clustering+of+ligands+on+surrogate+antigen+presenting+cells+modulates+T+cell+membrane+adhesion+and+organization.">Nano-clustering of ligands on surrogate antigen presenting cells modulates T cell membrane adhesion and organization.</a> Integr Biol. 8 (3), 287-301 (2016).</li><li>Pi, F., Dillard, P., Limozin, L., Charrier, A., Sengupta, K. <a target="_blank" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?db=PubMed&cmd=Search&doptcmdl=Citation&defaultField=Title+Word&term=Nanometric+protein-patch+arrays+on+glass+and+polydimethylsiloxane+for+cell+adhesion+studies.">Nanometric protein-patch arrays on glass and polydimethylsiloxane for cell adhesion studies.</a> Nano lett. 13 (7), 3372-3378 (2013).</li><li>Fenz, S. F., Merkel, R., Sengupta, K. <a target="_blank" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?db=PubMed&cmd=Search&doptcmdl=Citation&defaultField=Title+Word&term=Diffusion+and+intermembrane+distance:+case+study+of+avidin+and+E-cadherin+mediated+adhesion.">Diffusion and intermembrane distance: case study of avidin and E-cadherin mediated adhesion.</a> Langmuir. 25 (2), 1074-1085 (2009).</li><li>Sengupta, K., et al. <a target="_blank" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?db=PubMed&cmd=Search&doptcmdl=Citation&defaultField=Title+Word&term=Mimicking+tissue+surfaces+by+supported+membrane+coupled+ultra-thin+layer+of+hyaluronic+acid.">Mimicking tissue surfaces by supported membrane coupled ultra-thin layer of hyaluronic acid.</a> Langmuir. 19 (5), 1775-1781 (2003).</li><li>Taylor, Z. R., Keay, J. C., Sanchez, E. S., Johnson, M. B., Schmidtke, D. W. <a target="_blank" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?db=PubMed&cmd=Search&doptcmdl=Citation&defaultField=Title+Word&term=Independently+controlling+protein+dot+size+and+spacing+in+particle+lithography.">Independently controlling protein dot size and spacing in particle lithography.</a> Langmuir. 28 (25), 9656-9663 (2012).</li><li>Massou, S., et al. <a target="_blank" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?db=PubMed&cmd=Search&doptcmdl=Citation&defaultField=Title+Word&term=Large+scale+ordered+topographical+and+chemical+nano-features+from+anodic+alumina+templates.">Large scale ordered topographical and chemical nano-features from anodic alumina templates.</a> Appl. Surf Sci. 256 (2), 395-398 (2009).</li><li>Selhuber-Unkel, C., Lopez-Garcia, M., Kessler, H., Spatz, J. P. <a target="_blank" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?db=PubMed&cmd=Search&doptcmdl=Citation&defaultField=Title+Word&term=Cooperativity+in+adhesion+cluster+formation+during+initial+cell+adhesion.">Cooperativity in adhesion cluster formation during initial cell adhesion.</a> Biophys J. 95 (11), 5424-5431 (2008).</li><li>Arnold, M., et al. <a target="_blank" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?db=PubMed&cmd=Search&doptcmdl=Citation&defaultField=Title+Word&term=Induction+of+cell+polarization+and+migration+by+a+gradient+of+nanoscale+variations+in+adhesive+ligand+spacing.">Induction of cell polarization and migration by a gradient of nanoscale variations in adhesive ligand spacing.</a> Nano Lett. 8 (7), 2063-2069 (2008).</li><li>Cavalcanti-Adam, E. A., et al. <a target="_blank" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?db=PubMed&cmd=Search&doptcmdl=Citation&defaultField=Title+Word&term=Cell+spreading+and+focal+adhesion+dynamics+are+regulated+by+spacing+of+integrin+ligands.">Cell spreading and focal adhesion dynamics are regulated by spacing of integrin ligands.</a> Biophys J. 92 (8), 2964-2974 (2007).</li><li>Schvartzman, M., et al. <a target="_blank" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?db=PubMed&cmd=Search&doptcmdl=Citation&defaultField=Title+Word&term=Nanolithographic+Control+of+the+Spatial+Organization+of+Cellular+Adhesion+Receptors+at+the+Single-Molecule+Level.">Nanolithographic Control of the Spatial Organization of Cellular Adhesion Receptors at the Single-Molecule Level.</a> Nano Lett. 11 (3), 1306-1312 (2011).</li><li>Mossman, K., Groves, J. <a target="_blank" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?db=PubMed&cmd=Search&doptcmdl=Citation&defaultField=Title+Word&term=Micropatterned+supported+membranes+as+tools+for+quantitative+studies+of+the+immunological+synapse.">Micropatterned supported membranes as tools for quantitative studies of the immunological synapse.</a> Chem.Soc.Rev. 36 (1), 46-54 (2007).</li><li>Furlan, G., et al. <a target="_blank" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?db=PubMed&cmd=Search&doptcmdl=Citation&defaultField=Title+Word&term=Phosphatase+CD45+both+positively+and+negatively+regulates+T+cell+receptor+phosphorylation+in+reconstituted+membrane+protein+clusters.">Phosphatase CD45 both positively and negatively regulates T cell receptor phosphorylation in reconstituted membrane protein clusters.</a> J Biol Chem. 289 (41), 28514-28525 (2014).</li><li>Hsu, C. J., et al. <a target="_blank" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?db=PubMed&cmd=Search&doptcmdl=Citation&defaultField=Title+Word&term=Ligand+mobility+modulates+immunological+synapse+formation+and+T+cell+activation.">Ligand mobility modulates immunological synapse formation and T cell activation.</a> PloS One. 7 (2), e32398 (2012).</li><li>Yu, C., et al. <a target="_blank" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?db=PubMed&cmd=Search&doptcmdl=Citation&defaultField=Title+Word&term=Early+integrin+binding+to+Arg-Gly-Asp+peptide+activates+actin+polymerization+and+contractile+movement+that+stimulates+outward+translocation.">Early integrin binding to Arg-Gly-Asp peptide activates actin polymerization and contractile movement that stimulates outward translocation.</a> Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 108 (51), 20585-20590 (2011).</li></ol>

Los pasos críticos en el protocolo descrito anteriormente se relacionan con la formación de la proteína nano-puntos o la parte posterior de llenado del espacio alrededor de los puntos por una bicapa de lípidos compatible. El primer paso crítico con respecto a la proteína de nano-puntos es la preparación de la perla-máscara. La limpieza de la cubierta de corredera es crítica. Los portaobjetos necesitan ser limpiados o bien con una solución de detergente que se recomienda para la limpieza de cubetas de cuarzo, o...

<html> La adhesión celular se lleva a cabo a través de moléculas especializadas de adhesión celular (CAMs), las proteínas presentes en la membrana celular que son capaces de unirse a su contraparte en la matriz extracelular o en otra célula. En células adheridas, la mayoría de las moléculas de adhesión, incluyendo la integrina ubicua y cadherina, se encuentran en la forma de los grupos 1. La interacción de los linfocitos T (células T) con células presentadoras de antígeno (APCs) proporciona una ilustración particularmente notable de la importancia de grupos de receptores formados en la interfaz entre las dos células - menudo se llama una sinapsis inmunológica. Tras la formación de la primera contacto con los receptores de las células APC, T (TCR) en la superficie del encofrado de celdillas micras racimos escala T que sirven como señalización de las plataformas 2, 3, 4, y son finalmente centralizado para formar un clúster supramolecular central más grande (cSMAC )lass = &quot;xref&quot;&gt; 5, 6, 7. Recientemente, se demostró que en el lado de APC, los ligandos de la TCR también se agrupan 8. En el contexto de la interacción de células T-APC, el despliegue de sistemas híbridos, en el que el APC es imitado por una superficie artificial funcionalizado con proteínas relevantes, se ha avanzado en gran medida nuestra comprensión de la interfaz sináptica 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7 . En este contexto, es muy relevante para diseñar APC superficies miméticas que capturan uno o más aspectos de la célula diana. Por ejemplo, si los ligandos se injertan en bicapas lipídicas compatibles, que pueden difundirse en el plano de la bicapa, imitar la situación en la superficie de APC y al mismo tiempo permitir la formación de lacSMAC 6, 7. Del mismo modo, los racimos en la APC se han imitado mediante la creación de islas de ligandos en un mar de polímeros 9, 10, 11, 12, 13, 14. Sin embargo, estas dos características hasta ahora no han sido combinados. Aquí se describe una nueva técnica para crear nano-puntos de anti-CD3 (un anticuerpo que se dirige el complejo TCR), rodeada por una bicapa lipídica con lípidos que se difunden. La bicapa se deposita usando Langmuir-Blodgett / Langmuir-Schaefer técnica 7, 15, 16 y si se desea, podría ser funcionalizada con una proteína específica - por ejemplo, el ligando de la integrina de células T (llamado ICAM1). Además, el anti-CD3 puntos de proteínas COUld ser reemplazado con otro anticuerpo o CAM. Si bien hemos elegido las proteínas para uso futuro como plataforma para los estudios de adhesión de células T, la estrategia se detalla aquí se puede adaptar para cualquier proteína e incluso ADN.

<table border="1" fo:keep-together.within-page="1" fo:keep-with-next.within-page="always">
	<tbody>
		<tr>
			<td>Glass coverslips</td>
			<td>Assistent, Karl Hecht KG&#160;</td>
			<td></td>
		</tr>
		<tr>
			<td>Observation chamber</td>
			<td>Home made</td>
			<td></td>
		</tr>
		<tr>
			<td>Alkaline surfactant concentrate (Hellmanex)</td>
			<td>Hella Analytics</td>
			<td>9-307-011-4-507</td>
		</tr>
		<tr>
			<td>Ultra-sonicator</td>
			<td>ThermoFisher</td>
			<td></td>
		</tr>
		<tr>
			<td>Desiccator</td>
			<td>Labbox</td>
			<td></td>
		</tr>
		<tr>
			<td>Crystallizer&#160;</td>
			<td>Shott</td>
			<td></td>
		</tr>
		<tr>
			<td>Neutravidine</td>
			<td>Thermo Fischer Scientifique</td>
			<td>84607</td>
		</tr>
		<tr>
			<td>PBS&#160;</td>
			<td>Sigma-aldrich</td>
			<td>P3813</td>
		</tr>
		<tr>
			<td>Water MQ&#160;</td>
			<td>ELGA, Veolia France</td>
			<td></td>
		</tr>
		<tr>
			<td>Silica beads</td>
			<td>Corpuscular Inc</td>
			<td>147114-10</td>
		</tr>
		<tr>
			<td>APTES</td>
			<td>Sigma-aldrich</td>
			<td>A3648</td>
		</tr>
		<tr>
			<td>BSA-Biotin</td>
			<td>Sigma-aldrich</td>
			<td>A8549</td>
		</tr>
		<tr>
			<td>DOPC</td>
			<td>Avanti Polar Lipids</td>
			<td>850375C</td>
		</tr>
		<tr>
			<td>Dansyl-PE</td>
			<td>Avanti Polar Lipids</td>
			<td>810330C</td>
		</tr>
		<tr>
			<td>Chloroform</td>
			<td>Sigma-aldrich</td>
			<td>650471</td>
		</tr>
		<tr>
			<td>Gastight syringe&#160;</td>
			<td>Dominique Dustcher , France</td>
			<td>74453</td>
		</tr>
		<tr>
			<td>Film balance</td>
			<td>NIMA</td>
			<td>Medium</td>
		</tr>
		<tr>
			<td>Microscope</td>
			<td>Zeiss, Germany</td>
			<td>TIRF-III system</td>
		</tr>
		<tr>
			<td>Aluminium Target&#160;</td>
			<td>Kurt J. Lesker Compagny, USA</td>
			<td></td>
		</tr>
		<tr>
			<td>Radio Frequency Magnetron sputtering Syst&#232;me&#160;</td>
			<td>modified SMC 600 tool by ALCATEL , France</td>
			<td></td>
		</tr>
	</tbody>
</table>

ligand nano-cluster arrays in a supported lipid bilayer

Actualmente existe un gran interés en la creación de matrices ordenadas de islas de proteínas adhesivas en un mar de superficie neutralizada para estudios biológicos celulares. En los últimos años, se ha vuelto cada vez más claro que las células vivas responden, no sólo a la naturaleza bioquímica de las moléculas que se les presentan, sino también a la forma en que se presentan estas moléculas. La creación de proteínas micro-patrones tanto, es ahora estándar en muchos laboratorios de biología; nano-patrones son también más accesible. Sin embargo, en el contexto de interacciones célula-célula, hay una necesidad de patrón no sólo proteínas sino también bicapas lipídicas. Tal patrón de doble proteo-lipídica hasta ahora no ha sido fácil acceso. Ofrecemos una técnica fácil para crear proteínas nano-puntos apoyados sobre vidrio y proponer un método para rellenar el espacio entre puntos con una bicapa lipídica compatible (SLB). Desde foto-blanqueo de trazador lípidos fluorescentes incluyen en la SLB, se demuestra que la bicapa exhibe considerable en-plane fluidez. Funcionalización de los puntos de proteínas con grupos fluorescentes nos permite la imagen de ellos y demostrar que están ordenados en una red hexagonal regular. El tamaño típico de punto es de aproximadamente 800 nm y la separación demostrado aquí es de 2 micras. Se espera que estos sustratos para servir como plataformas útiles para la adhesión celular, la migración y estudios mecano-de detección.

Las imágenes de fluorescencia se analizaron para medir el espaciamiento y tamaño de los puntos. Se encontró espaciamiento Típica ser 1900 ± 80 nm y dot-tamaño típico fue de 600 ± 100 nm (Figura 1g). La separación es fijado por el tamaño de las perlas usadas para la máscara. El tamaño de punto se establece por el cordón de tamaño, así como condiciones de deposición. El SLB se deposita únicamente alrededor de los puntos de proteínas y no en ellos ...

Watch this Scientific Journal Video about Ligand Nano-cluster Arrays in a Supported Lipid Bilayer at JoVE.com

Ligand Nano-cluster Arrays in a Supported Lipid Bilayer

Se presenta un protocolo para funcionalizar vidrio con parches de proteínas nanométricas rodeadas por una bicapa lipídica fluida. Estos sustratos son compatibles con el microscopio óptico avanzado y se espera que sirva como plataforma para los estudios de adhesión celular y la migración.

Arrays Ligando Nano-racimo en un Apoyado bicapa lipídica

Currently there is considerable interest in creating ordered arrays of adhesive protein islands in a sea of passivated surface for cell biological ...

The overall goal of this technique is to fabricate an array of protein nano-clusters in a supported lipid bilayer, which is compatible with sensitive surface microscopy techniques for cell biology applications. This method can help answer key questions in the field of cell biophysics, in particular, how the nano-clustering of ligands influences T cell activation and adhesion. The main advantage of this technique is that it is easily reproducible in standard biophysical lab and it is compatible with advanced surface sensitive microscopy technique, such as TIRF and RICM.Though this technique is designed to provide insight into immunology, it can be applied to other cell types with potential applications in cell biology, oncology and tissue engineering. To begin this procedure, clean the glass cover slides and observation chambers as outlined in the text protocol. Then, deposit 70 microliters of 2%silica bead suspension drop by drop onto a cover slide held at a 15 degree incline.Flip the glass 90 degrees every 15 seconds for one minute while the suspensions dries. It is critical to create a closely-packed monolayer of beads and to avoid the formation of multilayers and oil clusters. That's why the concentration and the volume of the bead solution as well as the hydrophilicity of the slide need to be optimized.After the liquid has evaporated, place the slide inside a radio frequency magnatron sputtering device onto a rotating table situated 105 millimeters away from an aluminum silicon target. After this, use a turbo-molecular pump to decrease the pressure in the deposition chamber to 2.6 times 10 to the negative fourth pascals. Introduce a pure argon atmosphere with a flux of 10 standard cubic centimeters per minute and a pressure of 0.8 pascals.Next, switch on the radio frequency power generator. After the plasma is stabilized, sputter for two minutes while keeping the shutter closed, to remove possible impurities from the target surface. Open the shutter, and allow the sputtering to continue for 60 minutes to deposit a 200-nanometer thick layer of aluminum on the slide.Then cut the flow of argon. Close the gate valve to isolate the turbo-molecular pump from the deposition chamber. After this, vent the chamber with clean nitrogen to reach ambient pressure.Recover the aluminum-coated slide from the chamber. Immerse the recovered slide in ultra-pure water at room temperature and ultra-sonicate at 50 watts and 50 hertz for 30 seconds. Next, deposit 0.5 milliters of APTES at the bottom of a desiccator.Place the glass slide on a ceramic grid. Place the grid into the desiccator. Connect the desiccator to a membrane pump.Then run the pump at maximum power for 30 minutes to generate a low vacuum. Close the valve of the desiccator, and switch off the pump. Heat to 50 degrees celsius for one hour.After this open the desiccator and collect the slide. Place the collected slide on a PTFE support. Deposit 2 milliliters of 25 micrograms per milliliter biotin dissolved in PBS.Allow the slide to rest for 30 minutes at room temperature. Then rinse 10 times with PBS. Incubate the slide in a solution of sodium hydroxide and PBS at room temperature overnight.After this, rinse the slide 10 times with ultra-pure water. After cleaning the Langmuir trough, place PTFE trays in the trough's PTFE enclosure. Then fill it with ultra-pure water.Set the measured pressure to zero millinewtons per meter. Using a gas-tight glass metal syringe, deposit 30 microliters of 1 milligram per millimeter DOPC and chloroform solution on the water's surface. Close the PTFE barrier until the desired pressure of 27 millinewtons per meter is reached to compress the lipid monolayer.Next, using a motorized clamp, dip the prepared glass slide into the PTFE enclosure. Hold the slide in the clamp perpendicular to the air-water interface. Raise the slide through the interface at a rate of 15 millimeters per minute while maintaining a constant pressure of 27 millinewtons per meter.Then, place the glass slide horizontally on the surface of the water above a PTFE tray. Next, using metal tweezers, push the slide down into the PTFE tray, immersing it in the ultra-pure water. Use the tweezers to transfer the PTFE tray containing the slide into a crystallizer filled with ultra-pure water.Transfer the coated slide underwater into an observation chamber. After this, close the chamber, ensuring that approximately 1 milliliter of water is trapped inside. Another delicate step is the assembly of the sample chamber underwater.And one should absolutely avoid contact with the air of the deposited bilayers, so to ensure this use a large volume of water and ensure that the whole assembly process can occur underwater. Remove the assembled chamber from the water, check to ensure that the chamber is watertight and free from leaks. Add 500 microliters of PBS, then remove 500 microliters of liquid from the chamber.Repeat this process 10 times to fully replace the one milliliter of ultra-pure water in the chamber with PBS. Next, introduce 100 microgram per milliliter of bovine serum albumen to the observation chamber. Incubate at room temperature for 30 minutes.After this, rinse the bilayer by removing and adding 500 microliters from the chamber, 10 times. Then, functionalize with ligands, deposit cells, and observe the proteolipidic nanopattern and SLB fluidity as outlined in the text protocol. In this protocol, a bead mask is used to create a secondary metal mask by controlled deposition of aluminum.Then, the bead mask is removed, leaving a layer of aluminum with holes. Next, an organo-amino siline, called APTES, is deposited in the vapor phase, followed by deposition of BSA-Biotin in aqueous phase. Then, aluminum is removed, revealing nanometric protein patches.Finally the inter-dot space is back-filled with a supported lipid bilayer. Epiflourescence images are then taken of the nano-dots and supported lipid bilayer. A composite image shows perfect complementarity with the lipid bilayer deposited uniquely around the protein dots, but not on them.In an epiflourescence image of a freshly-deposited supported lipid bilayer, the protein dots appear as dark spots in a bright sea of lipids. However, after continuous photo bleaching for 50 seconds, the image shows a halo inside the region delimited by the field diaphragm, indicating that the lipids are mobile. Analysis of the average intensity profile along the edge of the field diaphragm, and the decay of this intensity over time during the bleaching process, reveals that the diffusion constant is five micrometers squared per second.This technique can be done in two days if it is performed properly. Its's important to maintain very clean conditions during aluminum deposition, and to carefully calibrate the deposition curve. Following this procedure, the patterned slide can be further functionalized.For example, by adding another biomolecule in the bilayer. We use this to mimic the antigen plant-eating cells, in order to study the T cell activation. So after its development, this technique should interest diverse audiences.For example, tissue engineers may want to use it as scaffold to grow artificial tissues, and oncologists may use this as a platform for posing fundamental questions about addition of cancer cells. After watching this video you should have a good understanding of how to fabricate an area of protein nano-clusters in supported lipid bilayer, which is compatible with an advanced microscopy technique. While we use this to study T cells, we believe that this substrate have the potential to become the platform of choice to study the interaction of any kind of cells with controlled pattern proteolipidic membrane.

Research

JoVE Journal

Bioengineering

Cellular Lipid Extraction for Targeted Stable Isotope Dilution Liquid Chromatography-Mass Spectrometry Analysis

Extracción de los lípidos celulares orientadas por dilución de isótopos estables análisis de espectrometría de cromatografía de líquidos-Mass

The metabolism of fatty acids, such as arachidonic acid (AA) and linoleic acid (LA), results in the formation of oxidized bioactive lipids, including ...

Investigación

Bioingeniería

Investigating Receptor-ligand Systems of the Cellulosome with AFM-based Single-molecule Force Spectroscopy

Cellulosomes are discrete multienzyme complexes used by a subset of anaerobic bacteria and fungi to digest lignocellulosic substrates. Assembly of the ...

Lipid Bilayer Vesicle Generation Using Microfluidic Jetting

Lípidos bicapa vesículas Generación Usando Microfluidic Jetting

Bottom-up synthetic biology presents a novel approach for investigating and reconstituting biochemical systems and, potentially, minimal organisms. This ...

Preparation of Mica Supported Lipid Bilayers for High Resolution Optical Microscopy Imaging

Preparación de Mica Soportado bicapa lipídica de Alta Resolución Microscopía Óptica de Imagen

Supported lipid bilayers (SLBs) are widely used as a model for studying membrane properties (phase separation, clustering, dynamics) and its interaction ...

Atomic Force Microscopy Imaging and Force Spectroscopy of Supported Lipid Bilayers

Fuerza Atómica Microscopía Imaging y Fuerza Espectroscopia de admitidos Bilayers lípidos

Atomic force microscopy (AFM) is a versatile, high-resolution imaging technique that allows visualization of biological membranes. It has sufficient ...

Biomembrane Fabrication by the Solvent-assisted Lipid Bilayer (SALB) Method

Biomembrane Fabrication by the Solvent-assisted Lipid Bilayer SALB Method

Biomembrana Fabrication por la bicapa lipídica (SALB) Método-Solvente asistida

In order to mimic cell membranes, the supported lipid bilayer (SLB) is an attractive platform which enables in vitro investigation of membrane-related ...

Single Molecule Fluorescence Microscopy on Planar Supported Bilayers

Bilayers Individual Molécula microscopía de fluorescencia en planar compatibles

In the course of a single decade single molecule microscopy has changed from being a secluded domain shared merely by physicists with a strong background ...

Automated Lipid Bilayer Membrane Formation Using a Polydimethylsiloxane Thin Film

Formación Automated bicapa lipídica membrana utilizando un polidimetilsiloxano Thin Film

An artificial lipid bilayer, or black lipid membrane (BLM), is a powerful tool for studying ion channels and protein interactions, as well as for ...

Temperature-Controlled Assembly and Characterization of a Droplet Interface Bilayer

Montaje con temperatura controlada y caracterización de una bicapa de interfaz de gota

The droplet interface bilayer (DIB) method for assembling lipid bilayers (i.e., DIBs) between lipid-coated aqueous droplets in oil offers key benefits ...

Assembly of Cell Mimicking Supported and Suspended Lipid Bilayer Models for the Study of Molecular Interactions

Ensamblaje de modelos de bicapa lipídica soportada y suspendida de imitación celular para el estudio de interacciones moleculares

Model cell membranes are a useful screening tool with applications ranging from early drug discovery to toxicity studies. The cell membrane is a crucial ...