Name: tunable hydrogels from pulmonary extracellular matrix for 3d cell culture
Uploaded: 2017-01-17T13:00:00
Description: Watch this Scientific Journal Video about Tunable Hydrogels from Pulmonary Extracellular Matrix for 3D Cell Culture at JoVE.com

Vi vil gerne takke Smithfield gårde for at donere den intakte porcint lungevæv. Vi vil også gerne takke Dr. Hu Yang, Dr. Christina Tang og VCU plastikkirurgi Institut for at tillade os at bruge deres udstyr. Hydrogel og vævsprøver blev forberedt SEM ved VCU Anatomisk Institut og Neurobiologi Microscopy Facility understøttes til dels af finansiering fra NIH-NINDS center Core Grant 5 P30 NS047463 og dels ved finansiering formular NIH-NCI Cancer Center Support Grant P30 CA016059. SEM billeddannelse af prøver på VCU Nanoteknologi Core Karakterisering Facility (NCC). Dette arbejde blev finansieret af National Science Foundation, CMMI 1.351.162.

<table border="1" fo:keep-together.within-page="1" fo:keep-with-next.within-page="always"><tbody><tr><td> Løsning </td><td> sterilfilter </td><td> Kørselsvejledning </td></tr><tr><td> DIH 2 O </td><td> Ja </td><td> DIH 2 O; sterilfiltreret </td></tr><tr><td> 0,1% Triton X-100 opløsning </td><td> Ja </td><td> Under stinkskab tilsættes 100 pi Triton-X 100 Løsning på 100 ml DIH 2 O og agitere indtil opløst; sterilt filter. </td></tr><tr><td> 2% deoxyc...

<ol>
	<li>Lee, J., Cuddihy, M., Kotov, N. <a target="_blank" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?db=PubMed&cmd=Search&doptcmdl=Citation&defaultField=Title+Word&term=.">.</a> Three-Dimensional Cell Culture Matrices: State of the Art. 14, (2008).</li><li>Haycock, J. W. <a target="_blank" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?db=PubMed&cmd=Search&doptcmdl=Citation&defaultField=Title+Word&term=.">.</a> 3D Cell Culture. , (2011).</li><li>Walker, J. M., Ed, <a target="_blank" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?db=PubMed&cmd=Search&doptcmdl=Citation&defaultField=Title+Word&term=.">.</a> Epithelial cell culture protocols. , (2012).</li><li>Badylak, S. F., Freytes, D. O., Gilbert, T. W. <a target="_blank" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?db=PubMed&cmd=Search&doptcmdl=Citation&defaultField=Title+Word&term=Extracellular+matrix+as+a+biological+scaffold+material:+Structure+and+function.">Extracellular matrix as a biological scaffold material: Structure and function.</a> Acta Biomater. 5 (1), 1-13 (2009).</li><li>Koo, H. -. J., Lim, K. -. H., Jung, H. -. J., Park, E. -. H. <a target="_blank" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?db=PubMed&cmd=Search&doptcmdl=Citation&defaultField=Title+Word&term=Anti-inflammatory+evaluation+of+gardenia+extract,+geniposide+and+genipin.">Anti-inflammatory evaluation of gardenia extract, geniposide and genipin.</a> J. Ethnopharmacol. 103 (3), 496-500 (2006).</li><li>Jeffords, M. E., Wu, J., Shah, M., Hong, Y., Zhang, G. <a target="_blank" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?db=PubMed&cmd=Search&doptcmdl=Citation&defaultField=Title+Word&term=Tailoring+Material+Properties+of+Cardiac+Matrix+Hydrogels+to+Induce+Endothelial+Differentiation+of+Human+Mesenchymal+Stem+Cells.">Tailoring Material Properties of Cardiac Matrix Hydrogels to Induce Endothelial Differentiation of Human Mesenchymal Stem Cells.</a> ACS Appl. Mater. Interfaces. 7 (20), 11053-11061 (2015).</li><li>Suckow, M. A., Voytik-Harbin, S. L., Terril, L. A., Badylak, S. F. <a target="_blank" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?db=PubMed&cmd=Search&doptcmdl=Citation&defaultField=Title+Word&term=Enhanced+bone+regeneration+using+porcine+small+intestinal+submucosa.">Enhanced bone regeneration using porcine small intestinal submucosa.</a> J. Invest. Surg. 12 (5), 277-287 (1998).</li><li>Brown, B. N., Badylak, S. F. <a target="_blank" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?db=PubMed&cmd=Search&doptcmdl=Citation&defaultField=Title+Word&term=Extracellular+matrix+as+an+inductive+scaffold+for+functional+tissue+reconstruction.">Extracellular matrix as an inductive scaffold for functional tissue reconstruction.</a> Transl. Res. J. Lab. Clin. Med. 163 (4), 268-285 (2014).</li><li>Pouliot, R. A., et al. <a target="_blank" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?db=PubMed&cmd=Search&doptcmdl=Citation&defaultField=Title+Word&term=Development+and+characterization+of+a+naturally+derived+lung+extracellular+matrix+hydrogel.">Development and characterization of a naturally derived lung extracellular matrix hydrogel.</a> J.Biomed.Mater.Res.A. , (2016).</li><li>Price, A. P., England, K. A., Matson, A. M., Blazar, B. R., Panoskaltsis-Mortari, A. <a target="_blank" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?db=PubMed&cmd=Search&doptcmdl=Citation&defaultField=Title+Word&term=Development+of+a+decellularized+lung+bioreactor+system+for+bioengineering+the+lung:+the+matrix+reloaded.">Development of a decellularized lung bioreactor system for bioengineering the lung: the matrix reloaded.</a> Tissue Eng. Part A. 16 (8), 2581-2591 (2010).</li><li>Freytes, D. O., Martin, J., Velankar, S. S., Lee, A. S., Badylak, S. F. <a target="_blank" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?db=PubMed&cmd=Search&doptcmdl=Citation&defaultField=Title+Word&term=Preparation+and+rheological+characterization+of+a+gel+form+of+the+porcine+urinary+bladder+matrix.">Preparation and rheological characterization of a gel form of the porcine urinary bladder matrix.</a> Biomaterials. 29 (11), 1630-1637 (2008).</li><li>Tilghman, R. W., et al. <a target="_blank" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?db=PubMed&cmd=Search&doptcmdl=Citation&defaultField=Title+Word&term=Matrix+rigidity+regulates+cancer+cell+growth+and+cellular+phenotype.">Matrix rigidity regulates cancer cell growth and cellular phenotype.</a> PloS One. 5 (9), e12905 (2010).</li><li>Ratner, B. D., Bryant, S. J. <a target="_blank" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?db=PubMed&cmd=Search&doptcmdl=Citation&defaultField=Title+Word&term=Biomaterials:+where+we+have+been+and+where+we+are+going.">Biomaterials: where we have been and where we are going.</a> Annu. Rev. Biomed. Eng. 6, 41-75 (2004).</li><li>Fridman, R., Benton, G., Aranoutova, I., Kleinman, H. K., Bonfil, R. D. <a target="_blank" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?db=PubMed&cmd=Search&doptcmdl=Citation&defaultField=Title+Word&term=Increased+initiation+and+growth+of+tumor+cell+lines,+cancer+stem+cells+and+biopsy+material+in+mice+using+basement+membrane+matrix+protein+(Cultrex+or+Matrigel)+co-injection.">Increased initiation and growth of tumor cell lines, cancer stem cells and biopsy material in mice using basement membrane matrix protein (Cultrex or Matrigel) co-injection.</a> Nat Protoc. 7 (6), 1138-1144 (2012).</li><li>Zhang, W. -. J., et al. <a target="_blank" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?db=PubMed&cmd=Search&doptcmdl=Citation&defaultField=Title+Word&term=The+reconstruction+of+lung+alveolus-like+structure+in+collagen-matrigel/microcapsules+scaffolds+in+vitro.">The reconstruction of lung alveolus-like structure in collagen-matrigel/microcapsules scaffolds in vitro.</a> J. Cell. Mol. Med. 15 (9), 1878-1886 (2011).</li><li>Booth, A. J., et al. <a target="_blank" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?db=PubMed&cmd=Search&doptcmdl=Citation&defaultField=Title+Word&term=Acellular+Normal+and+Fibrotic+Human+Lung+Matrices+as+a+Culture+System+for+In+Vitro+Investigation.">Acellular Normal and Fibrotic Human Lung Matrices as a Culture System for In Vitro Investigation.</a> Am. J. Respir. Crit. Care Med. 186 (9), 866-876 (2016).</li><li>Matsuda, A., et al. <a target="_blank" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?db=PubMed&cmd=Search&doptcmdl=Citation&defaultField=Title+Word&term=Evidence+for+human+lung+stem+cells.">Evidence for human lung stem cells.</a> N. Engl. J. Med. 364 (19), 1795-1806 (2011).</li><li>Zuo, W., et al. <a target="_blank" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?db=PubMed&cmd=Search&doptcmdl=Citation&defaultField=Title+Word&term=p63+Krt5++distal+airway+stem+cells+are+essential+for+lung+regeneration.">p63+Krt5+ distal airway stem cells are essential for lung regeneration.</a> Nature. 517 (7536), 616-620 (2015).</li><li>Keane, T. J., Londono, R., Turner, N. J., Badylak, S. F. <a target="_blank" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?db=PubMed&cmd=Search&doptcmdl=Citation&defaultField=Title+Word&term=Consequences+of+ineffective+decellularization+of+biologic+scaffolds+on+the+host+response.">Consequences of ineffective decellularization of biologic scaffolds on the host response.</a> Biomaterials. 33 (6), 1771-1781 (2012).</li><li>Neill, J. D., et al. <a target="_blank" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?db=PubMed&cmd=Search&doptcmdl=Citation&defaultField=Title+Word&term=Decellularization+of+human+and+porcine+lung+tissues+for+pulmonary+tissue+engineering.">Decellularization of human and porcine lung tissues for pulmonary tissue engineering.</a> Ann Thorac Surg. 96 (3), 1046-1055 (2013).</li></ol>

Et af de integrerede aspekter af biologi er selvorganisering af molekyler i hierarkiske strukturer, der udfører en bestemt opgave. 13 I laboratoriet, saml-selv afhænger af mange faktorer såsom saltkoncentration, pH, og fordøjelse varighed. Som vist, et selvorganiserende hydrogel former når solubiliserede proteiner vender tilbage til en fysiologisk temperatur. Hydrogelen dannes, er i stand til at fremme cellulær vedhæftning og proliferation in vitro. Cellulære resp...

Translating in vitro results to the clinic is one of the most challenging issues facing biomedical researchers. In vitro research on tissue culture plastic is easier, more convenient, and maintains high cell viability.1 This approach is a reasonable starting point, but the results have limited clinical translation. Increasingly, laboratories are incorporating three-dimensional constructs to replace the traditional two-dimensional methods. Reviews are available for many three-dimensional environments, from biological scaffolds to polymeric scaffolds.2,3
Biological frameworks can mimic characteristics of in vivo environments as they contain many of the protein and glycosaminoglycan components of the native matrix and provide familiar binding sites for cells to attach to and recognize. Extracellular matrix (ECM) derived materials have been shown to be capable scaffolds for cell attachment and proliferation.4 One challenge that limits the application of ECM hydrogel platforms stems from their inherently weak mechanical properties following gelation. Native tissue often has mechanical properties that are magnitudes higher than hydrogels. Non-toxic crosslinking agents can increase the mechanical properties of hydrogels to better mimic the native tissue environment. Genipin is a non-toxic, natural crosslinker derived from Gardenia plants with the ability to closely tailor mechanical properties of ECM with changes in genipin concentration5,6. 
Nearly all cells in the body exist in, and organize on, ECM that they either produce or maintain. New focus on the universal importance of ECM in the organization, condition, and function in every organ or system has sparked the production of matrix based platforms for in vitro investigation. Porcine small intestine submucosa is the most extensively studied naturally-derived scaffold, and it has been used to regenerate tendons, ligaments, skeletal muscle4, and even bone7. Matrices from other organs and donor species have also demonstrated good tissue regeneration potential. The use of foreign ECM components causes minimal issues with immunomodulation. After elimination of host cellular matter, the remaining ECM will be similar in amino acid content and organization to all other mammalian species8. There is a growing line of thinking that the best way to examine cell-ECM interactions in vitro is to utilize organ-specific ECM scaffolds. Each organ provides a unique composition of proteins and proteoglycans to create cellular niches. Niches provide structural, functional and even the enzymatic breakdown of the extracellular matrix contributing to biophysical signaling. To attain an in vitro microenvironment most similar to the in vivo microenvironment, use of tissue specific ECM would optimize the cellular niches for research. 
The goal of this protocol is to provide a method for establishing a hydrogel scaffold unique to the lung ECM. This method provides a platform for in vitro research on lung cell-ECM interactions.

<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" width="841">
	<tbody>
		<tr height="21">
			<td height="21" style="height:21px;width:216px;">Triton X-100&#160;</td>
			<td style="width:135px;">Fisher Scientific</td>
			<td style="width:119px;">BP151-100</td>
			<td style="width:371px;">Use in fume hood with eye protection and gloves.</td>
		</tr>
		<tr height="21">
			<td height="21" style="height:21px;">Sodium Deoxycholate</td>
			<td style="width:135px;">Sigma-Aldrich</td>
			<td style="width:119px;">D6750-100g</td>
			<td>Use with eye protection and gloves.</td>
		</tr>
		<tr height="21">
			<td height="21" style="height:21px;">Magnesium Sulfate</td>
			<td style="width:135px;">Sigma-Aldrich</td>
			<td style="width:119px;">M7506-500g</td>
			<td>None</td>
		</tr>
		<tr height="21">
			<td height="21" style="height:21px;">Calcium Chloride</td>
			<td style="width:135px;">Sigma-Aldrich</td>
			<td style="width:119px;">C1016-500g</td>
			<td>None</td>
		</tr>
		<tr height="21">
			<td height="21" style="height:21px;">DNase</td>
			<td style="width:135px;">Sigma-Aldrich</td>
			<td>D5025-150KU</td>
			<td>None</td>
		</tr>
		<tr height="21">
			<td height="21" style="height:21px;">HCl</td>
			<td>Sigma-Aldrich</td>
			<td>258148-500ML</td>
			<td>Use with eye protection and gloves.</td>
		</tr>
		<tr height="21">
			<td height="21" style="height:21px;">Pepsin</td>
			<td style="width:135px;">Sigma-Aldrich</td>
			<td>P6887-5G</td>
			<td>Use in fume hood with eye protection and gloves.</td>
		</tr>
		<tr height="24">
			<td height="24" style="height:24px;">Sodium Hydroxide</td>
			<td style="width:135px;">Fisher Scientific</td>
			<td style="width:119px;">BP359-500</td>
			<td>Use with eye protection and gloves.</td>
		</tr>
		<tr height="24">
			<td height="24" style="height:24px;">Genipin</td>
			<td style="width:135px;">Wako Chemicals</td>
			<td style="width:119px;">078-03021</td>
			<td>Use in fume hood with eye protection and gloves.</td>
		</tr>
		<tr height="21">
			<td height="21" style="height:21px;width:216px;">PBS 10x</td>
			<td style="width:135px;">Quality Biological</td>
			<td>119-069-151</td>
			<td>None</td>
		</tr>
		<tr height="21">
			<td height="21" style="height:21px;">PBS</td>
			<td style="width:135px;">VWR</td>
			<td>45000-448</td>
			<td>None</td>
		</tr>
		<tr height="21">
			<td height="21" style="height:21px;">Filter Paper</td>
			<td>Whatman</td>
			<td align="right">8519</td>
			<td>N/A</td>
		</tr>
		<tr height="21">
			<td height="21" style="height:21px;width:216px;">Hand pump</td>
			<td style="width:135px;">Fisher Scientific</td>
			<td>10-239-1</td>
			<td>N/A</td>
		</tr>
		<tr height="21">
			<td height="21" style="height:21px;width:216px;">Graduate Beaker</td>
			<td style="width:135px;">VitLab</td>
			<td align="right" style="width:119px;">445941</td>
			<td>N/A</td>
		</tr>
		<tr height="21">
			<td height="21" style="height:21px;">Cryomill</td>
			<td>SPEX</td>
			<td>6700</td>
			<td>Use cryogloves and eye protection.</td>
		</tr>
		<tr height="21">
			<td height="21" style="height:21px;">Lyophilizer</td>
			<td>FTS FlexiDry</td>
			<td></td>
			<td>Use gloves.</td>
		</tr>
		<tr height="21">
			<td height="21" style="height:21px;">Rheometer</td>
			<td>Discovery</td>
			<td>HR-2</td>
			<td>Use gloves and eye protection.</td>
		</tr>
	</tbody>
</table>

tunable hydrogels from pulmonary extracellular matrix for 3d cell culture

Her præsenteres en fremgangsmåde til etablering af flere komponenter cellekultur hydrogeler til in vitro lunge-cellekultur. Begyndende med sund en bloc lungevæv fra svin, rotte eller mus, er vævet perfunderes og nedsænket i efterfølgende kemiske rengøringsmidler til fjernelse af cellerester. Histologisk sammenligning af vævet før og efter forarbejdning bekræfter fjernelse af over 95% af dobbeltstrenget DNA og alfa galactosidase-farvning antyder størstedelen af ​​cellerester fjernes. Efter decellularization, vævet er lyofiliseret og derefter cryomilled til pulver. Matricen pulver fordøjes i 48 timer i et surt pepsinfordøjelse opløsning og derefter neutraliseret til dannelse prægelen opløsning. Gelering af prægelen opløsning kan induceres ved inkubation ved 37 ° C og kan anvendes umiddelbart efter neutralisering eller opbevaret ved 4 ° C i op til to uger. Belægninger kan dannes under anvendelse af prægelen løsning på et ikke-behandlede plade til cell vedhæftet fil. Celler kan suspenderes i før selv-samling for at opnå en 3D kultur prægelen, udpladet på overfladen af ​​en dannet gel fra hvilken cellerne kan migrere gennem stilladset, eller udpladet på belægningerne. Ændringer den strategi, kan påvirke geleringstemperaturen, styrke, eller proteinfragment størrelser. Beyond hydrogel-dannelse, kan hydrogelen stivhed forøges ved anvendelse genipin.

Under anvendelse af denne fremgangsmåde, har vi produceret hydrogeler fra normal gris, rotte, og muselunger (figur 1). Forarbejdede lunger giver en anslået 5 mg, 40 mg og 10 g ECM pulver hhv. En oversigt over processen er vist i figur 2. Vigtige visualiseringer i løbet af processen omfatter: hvidt udseende af lungerne efter skylning deoxycholat; efter prægelen dannelse, skal opløsningen være uigennemsigtige og løsningen skal vises homogen for mån...

Watch this Scientific Journal Video about Tunable Hydrogels from Pulmonary Extracellular Matrix for 3D Cell Culture at JoVE.com

Tunable Hydrogels from Pulmonary Extracellular Matrix for 3D Cell Culture

Dette er en metode til at skabe en 3-dimensionel cellekultur stillads fra pulmonal ekstracellulære matrix. Intakt lunge forarbejdes til hydrogeler, der kan understøtte væksten af ​​celler i tre dimensioner.

Tunable Hydrogeler fra Pulmonal ekstracellulære matrix for 3D cellekultur

Here we present a method for establishing multiple component cell culture hydrogels for in vitro lung cell culture. Beginning with healthy en bloc lung ...

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Bioengineering

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Click chemistries have been investigated for use in numerous biomaterials applications, including drug delivery, tissue engineering, and cell culture. In ...

Fabrication of Extracellular Matrix-derived Foams and Microcarriers as Tissue-specific Cell Culture and Delivery Platforms

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Opdigte en nyre Cortex ekstracellulære Matrix-afledte Hydrogel

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Production of Extracellular Matrix Fibers via Sacrificial Hollow Fiber Membrane Cell Culture

Produktion af ekstracellulære Matrix fibre via hellige hule Fiber membran cellekultur

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Measuring Global Cellular Matrix Metalloproteinase and Metabolic Activity in 3D Hydrogels

Måling af Global cellulære Matrix Metalloproteinase og metaboliske aktivitet i 3D Hydrogels

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A Human 3D Extracellular Matrix-Adipocyte Culture Model for Studying Matrix-Cell Metabolic Crosstalk

En menneskelig 3D ekstracellulær matrix-Adipocyte kultur model for at studere matrix-celle metaboliske Crosstalk

The extracellular matrix (ECM) plays a central role in regulating tissue homeostasis, engaging in crosstalk with cells and regulating multiple aspects of ...

Preparation of Tunable Extracellular Matrix Microenvironments to Evaluate Schwann Cell Phenotype Specification

Forberedelse af tunable ekstracellulære Matrix mikromiljøer til at evaluere Schwann Cell Fænotype Specifikation

Traumatic peripheral nervous system (PNS) injuries currently lack suitable treatments to regain full functional recovery. Schwann cells (SCs), as the ...

Microgel-Extracellular Matrix Composite Support for the Embedded 3D Printing of Human Neural Constructs

Microgel-ekstracellulær matrixkompositunderstøttelse til indlejret 3D-udskrivning af menneskelige neurale konstruktioner

The embedded 3D printing of cells inside a granular support medium has emerged in the past decade as a powerful approach for the freeform biofabrication ...

Phototunable Bioprinted Hydrogels to Probe Cellular Responses to ECM Stiffening

3D Bioprinting Phototunable Hydrogels to Study Fibroblast Activation

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3D Bioprinting Phototunable Hydrogels til undersøgelse af fibroblastaktivering

Phototunable hydrogels can transform spatially and temporally in response to light exposure. Incorporating these types of biomaterials in cell-culture ...