Name: psychophysiological assessment of the effectiveness of emotion regulation strategies in childhood
Uploaded: 2017-02-11T15:00:00
Description: Watch this Scientific Journal Video about Psychophysiological Assessment of the Effectiveness of Emotion Regulation Strategies in Childhood at JoVE.com

We thank the children and families who have participated in our studies and the research assistants of the Emotion Regulation Lab for their assistance with data collection and coding.

注：ヒトを対象と募集やデータ収集が始まる前に大学の施設内倫理委員会は、すべての手順を承認しました。これらの活動に参加する同意を親が子どもの参加のためのインフォームドコンセントを提供し、（より古い7年場合は、口頭および書面）子供たちは口頭で提供しています。 1.ランダムに実験条件に参加者を割り当てます<ol><li> 2（離散感情条件：悲しいか恐ろしい）を使用し?...

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プロトコル内の重要なステップ実質的に負の感情を誘発し、特定の感情規制戦略を使用するように子供たちに指示するプロトコル内の重要なステップです。 修正およびトラブルシューティングフィルムクリップを選択する必要があります（とパイロットテストした）は、それらが指定された年齢の範囲のための目的の標的感情を呼び...

子供たちは毎日悲しみや恐怖などのネガティブな感情を経験します。彼らが開発し、成熟したように、子どもたちは、彼らが世界に適応するためのストレス要因と課題の広い範囲を管理することが可能にする調節戦略を学びます。彼らの感情規制レパートリーが広がり、主に行動戦略とは組成の変化は、より認知戦略1を含むように。真ん中の幼年期の終わりまでに、子どもたちは、認知と行動の両方の戦略2を使用して自分の感情を調節します。不要な負の感情の効果的な規制や管理を理解することは、近年、発達科学者にますます面白くなってきました。この関心は、子どもたちの日常生活（ 例えば 、学力3、友情のための実質的な影響を持つ、社会的、感情的、および認知的成果のホストに研究連携感情規制プロセスによって、部分的には、駆動され、 <suPクラス= &quot;外部参照&quot;&gt; 4、および精神病理5）。 再評価と気晴らし：ここで説明する方法は、これまでに経験的な関心のライオンのシェアを受け取った2つの認知感情規制戦略に焦点を当てています。成人で行われた研究は、再評価および気晴らし感情6、7、8、9、10、11を軽減するための有効な方法であることを示しています。 1は、感情や問題をどのように解釈するかを変更したり、リフレーミング伴う見直し、学齢期の子ども12で否定的な感情の強度を低下させるのに有効であることが示されている、13。気晴らしは、対照的に、1は、例えば約子供がVAを受信するときのように、考えているものを変更することを含みますccineではなく、彼らはその後、親とお楽しみいただけますアイスクリームを考えます。 14歳の6年-子供はまた、若い5などから、実質的に負の感情を調節するために、これらの認知ストラテジーの使用を開始することができます。 勉強感情規制の理論と実践的な課題感情的な反応性と規制プロセスは、絡み合っ双方向、および反復15、16です。このように、発達科学者のための重要な概念の課題は、意味のある応答感情や規制プロセスを区別する方法を特定して使用することです。ここで説明するアプローチは、（ 規制としての感情とは対照的に） 規制されるような感情のビュー15を取ります。感情調節は強度を変化させる方法で経験感情17を変化させるプロセスとして定義されます感情18の、持続時間、および/または原子価。 気晴らしと再評価などの認知感情規制戦略は否定的な感情14を減少させることを行動の証拠を約束にもかかわらず、主要な自己報告または特に若い子供たちと一緒に、既存の実証研究から引き出すことができる結論を制約する観測方法論には多くの制限があります。例えば、感情的な経験の自己報告が不正確と要求特性に従うものとします。応答感情的なインデックスに（顔の表情の例えば ）行動観察は、自己報告よりも表向きはより客観的ではあるが、観察はまだ苦痛または負の感情の真の経験をマスクまたは非表示、自動と明示的な規制プロセスの対象となります。これらの概念と方法論の問題に対処するため、本稿では感情規制sの効果を調べる方法について説明します研究者はより明確に反応し、否定的な感情の積極的な規制を区別することができます子供のその後の精神生理学上trategies。否定的な感情を誘発し、異なる指示感情規制戦略の影響を評価するためのこの実験的なパラダイムは、年齢、青年、または成人の広い範囲の子どもたちと一緒に使用することが可能なアプローチを提供します。 精神生理学は、感情の規制の非侵襲的指標であり、 呼吸性洞不整脈（RSA）は副交感神経心臓精神生理学の一般的に使用される指標であり、子どもの感情規制能力19、20の主要な相関として浮上しています。 RSAは、心拍変動の測定から導出され、22呼吸サイクル21内（迷走神経の遠心性繊維によって制御されます）<html> 。下のベースラインRSAが負の社会情緒的アウトカム23にリンクされているのに対し、高ベースラインRSAは、より良い感情的な規制や社会情緒的能力21を示しています。ベースラインRSAは、チャレンジ（RSA反応性）の条件下でのベースラインレベルからRSAの変化が大きい交感神経影響や資源動員を有効にする一方で、ストレスに応答するシステムの制御能力を反映しています。このプロセスは、持続的注意、行動の自己規制、および感情や行動覚醒20、26を制御するための対処戦略の生成を容易に離れて恒常的な需要からのシフトを反映しています。挑戦的なラボのタスクへのRSA反応性は、あまりネガティブ情動とリスク行動上の問題のため、より良い持続的注意21を含め、より良い感情規制の能力や一般的な適応機能と関連しています尻= &quot;外部参照&quot;&gt; 23、24、25、26、27。チャレンジへのRSAの反応性は（RSA抑制）副交感神経の影響を（RSA増強）を増加または減少として記述することができます。心の上に副交感神経の影響がコンテキスト間で調節されると柔軟性、適応感情規制の根底にあると考えられています。 確かに、挑戦的な一連のタスク中に子供のRSA振幅の変化は、その感情的な規制のスキル28を予測します 。 RSAは、同様に感情的に困難な状況で応答します。 、例えば、RSA抑制（タスクレベルのベースラインレベルからの減少）が恐怖と悲しみを経験にリンクされているが、悲しみと恐怖がフィルムクリップ29を介して誘発されたときに増強（タスクへのベースラインからの増加は）感情の効果的な規制にリンクされています</SUP&gt; 30。 生体内感情調節プロセスで評価するためのこの非侵襲的方法の有用性に資産計上した前の仕事は、彼らが感情惹起動画31を見ていた一方で、特定の認知感情規制戦略の子供の使用はRSAの反応性を予測方法について説明しました。本論文では、否定的な感情の経験と規制を解析するための革新的な方法を提供し、インデックス規制能力へのアクティブな感情の調節に関連する生理的なパターンを使用した新規の実験パラダイムを説明します。

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psychophysiological assessment of the effectiveness of emotion regulation strategies in childhood

Effective regulation of emotion is one of the most important skills that develops in childhood. Research interest in this area is expanding, but empirical work has been limited by predominantly correlational investigations of children's skills. Relatedly, a key conceptual challenge for emotion scientists is to distinguish between emotion responding and emotion regulatory processes. This paper presents a novel method to address these conceptual and methodological issues in child samples. An experimental paradigm that assesses the effectiveness with which children regulate emotion is described. Children are randomly assigned to use specific emotion regulation strategies, negative emotions are elicited with film clips, and changes in subsequent psychophysiology index the extent to which emotion regulation is effective. Children are instructed to simply watch the emotion-eliciting film (control), distract themselves from negative emotions (cognitive distraction), or reframe the situation in a way that downplays the importance of the emotional event (cognitive reappraisal). Cardiac physiology, continuously acquired before and during the emotional task, serves as an objective measure of children's unfolding emotional responding while viewing evocative films. Key comparisons in patterns of obtained physiological reactivity are between the control and emotion regulation strategy conditions. Representative results from this approach are described, and discussion focuses on the contribution of this methodological approach to developmental science.

図2及び図 3に示すように、典型的な結果は、認知、感情調整戦略を使用する子供に指示するだけで、感情的なフィルム（対照）を見よりRSA反応性の異なるパターンをもたらすことです。これは気晴らしや見直しを使用して負の感情を制御するための命令は、コントロール条件の子供たちと戦略の条件のうち、応答の違いを与え、...

Watch this Scientific Journal Video about Psychophysiological Assessment of the Effectiveness of Emotion Regulation Strategies in Childhood at JoVE.com

Psychophysiological Assessment of the Effectiveness of Emotion Regulation Strategies in Childhood

子供たちは感情を調節すると有効性を評価するための実験パラダイムのための詳細なプロトコルが記述されています。子供がランダムに特定の感情規制戦略を使用するように割り当てられている、否定的な感情は、フィルムクリップ、感情規制が効果的であるその範囲に後続の精神生理学指数の変動で誘発されています。

小児における感情規制戦略の有効性の精神生理学的評価

Effective regulation of emotion is one of the most important skills that develops in childhood. Research interest in this area is expanding, but empirical ...

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NICUネットワーク神経行動スケール：ハイリスク新生児の評価と評価

There has been a long-standing interest in the assessment of the neurobehavioral integrity of the newborn infant.  The NICU Network Neurobehavioral Scale ...

Stereotactic Injection of MicroRNA-expressing Lentiviruses to the Mouse Hippocampus CA1 Region and Assessment of the Behavioral Outcome

の定位注入マイクロRNA発現マウス海馬CA1領域にレンチウイルスと行動アウトカムの評価

MicroRNAs (miRNAs) are small regulatory single-stranded RNA molecules around 22 nucleotides long that may each target numerous mRNA transcripts and dim an ...

Assessment of Age-related Changes in Cognitive Functions Using EmoCogMeter, a Novel Tablet-computer Based Approach

EmoCogMeter、新規タブレットコンピュータベースのアプローチを用いて認知機能の加齢変化の評価

The main goal of this study was to assess the usability of a tablet-computer-based application (EmoCogMeter) in investigating the effects of age on ...

Behavioral Assessment of the Aging Mouse Vestibular System

高齢マウス前庭系の行動評価

Age related decline in balance performance is associated with deteriorating muscle strength, motor coordination and vestibular function. While a number of ...

Examining Recall Memory in Infancy and Early Childhood Using the Elicited Imitation Paradigm

誘発された模倣パラダイムを使用して乳児期や幼児期にリコールメモリを調べます

The ability to recall the past allows us to report on details of previous experiences, from the everyday to the significant. Because recall memory is ...

Exploring the Use of Isolated Expressions and Film Clips to Evaluate Emotion Recognition by People with Traumatic Brain Injury

外傷性脳損傷を持つ人々によって感情の認識を評価するために単離された式とフィルムクリップの使用を探ります

The current study presented 60 people with traumatic brain injury (TBI) and 60 controls with isolated facial emotion expressions, isolated vocal emotion ...

Ultrasound Images of the Tongue: A Tutorial for Assessment and Remediation of Speech Sound Errors

舌の超音波画像：スピーチサウンドエラーの評価および修復のためのチュートリアル

Diagnostic ultrasound imaging has been a common tool in medical practice for several decades. It provides a safe and effective method for imaging ...

Use of a Psychophysiological Script-driven Imagery Experiment to Study Trauma-related Dissociation in Borderline Personality Disorder

境界性人格障害の外傷に関する解離を勉強するスクリプト ドリブン画像の精神生理学的実験の使用

This protocol offers a detailed description of a psychophysiological experiment using script-driven trauma-related imagery and standardized clinical ...

Assessing the Coherence of Parents' Short Narratives Regarding their Child Using the Five-Minute Speech Sample Procedure

5分間の音声サンプル手順を用いた子どもに関する親の短い物語の一貫性の評価

Valid and efficient measures for assessing the quality of parent-child relationships are needed to facilitate research and evidence-based practice with ...

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雄マウスの性行動評価

Sexual behavior is highly species-specific. Although rodents have slightly different sexual behaviors, mice and rats have a similar sexual behavioral ...