Name: 3d magnetic stem cell aggregation and bioreactor maturation for cartilage regeneration
Uploaded: 2017-04-27T14:00:00
Description: Watch this Scientific Journal Video about 3D Magnetic Stem Cell Aggregation and Bioreactor Maturation for Cartilage Regeneration at JoVE.com

Forfatterne ønsker å erkjenne QuinXell Technologies og CellD, særlig Lothar Grannemann og Dominique Ghozlan for deres hjelp med bioreaktor. Vi takker Catherine Le Visage, som ga oss med pullulan / dekstran polysakkarid stillaser. Dette arbeidet ble støttet av EU (ERC-2014-Cog prosjekt Matisse 648 779) og ved AgenceNationalede la Recherche (ANR), Frankrike (MagStem prosjekt ANR-11 SVSE5).

1. Bygging av magnetiske enheter MERK: enheter som brukes for celleutsåingen variere avhengig av anvendelsen (figur 1). For å danne aggregater, er antallet av celler er begrenset til 2,5 x 10 5 / aggregat, slik at de magnetiske tips må være meget tynn (750 um i diameter). Til frø av 1.8 cm 2/7 mm-tykk stillasene, må magnetene være større (3 mm i diameter), og vil sørge for cellevandring gjennom porene i stillaset. <ol><li> Konstruksjon av en ...

<ol>
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S., et al. <a target="_blank" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?db=PubMed&cmd=Search&doptcmdl=Citation&defaultField=Title+Word&term=Validation+of+a+high-throughput+microtissue+fabrication+process+for+3D+assembly+of+tissue+engineered+cartilage+constructs.">Validation of a high-throughput microtissue fabrication process for 3D assembly of tissue engineered cartilage constructs.</a> Cell Tissue Res. , (2012).</li><li>Robert, D., et al. <a target="_blank" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?db=PubMed&cmd=Search&doptcmdl=Citation&defaultField=Title+Word&term=Magnetic+micro-manipulations+to+probe+the+local+physical+properties+of+porous+scaffolds+and+to+confine+stem+cells.">Magnetic micro-manipulations to probe the local physical properties of porous scaffolds and to confine stem cells.</a> Biomaterials. 31 (7), 1586-1595 (2010).</li><li>Luciani, N., et al. <a target="_blank" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?db=PubMed&cmd=Search&doptcmdl=Citation&defaultField=Title+Word&term=Successful+chondrogenesis+within+scaffolds,+using+magnetic+stem+cell+confinement+and+bioreactor+maturation.">Successful chondrogenesis within scaffolds, using magnetic stem cell confinement and bioreactor maturation.</a> Acta Biomaterialia. 37, 101-110 (2016).</li><li>Wilhelm, C., Gazeau, F. <a target="_blank" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?db=PubMed&cmd=Search&doptcmdl=Citation&defaultField=Title+Word&term=Universal+cell+labelling+with+anionic+magnetic+nanoparticles.">Universal cell labelling with anionic magnetic nanoparticles.</a> Biomaterials. 29 (22), 3161-3174 (2008).</li><li>Fayol, D., Luciani, N., Lartigue, L., Gazeau, F., Wilhelm, C. <a target="_blank" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?db=PubMed&cmd=Search&doptcmdl=Citation&defaultField=Title+Word&term=Managing+magnetic+nanoparticle+aggregation+and+cellular+uptake:+a+precondition+for+efficient+stem-cell+differentiation+and+MRI+tracking.">Managing magnetic nanoparticle aggregation and cellular uptake: a precondition for efficient stem-cell differentiation and MRI tracking.</a> Adv Healthc Mater. 2 (2), 313-325 (2013).</li><li>Wilhelm, C., Gazeau, F., Bacri, J. 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Først fordi de teknikkene som presenteres her er avhengige av internalisering av magnetiske nanopartikler, er en viktig sak utfallet av nanopartikler når de lokaliseres inne i cellene. Det er sant at jern nanopartikler kan utløse potensiell toksisitet, eller nedsatt differensieringskapasitet, avhengig av deres størrelse, belegg, og tiden for eksponering 19, 22. Imidlertid har flere studier vist noen effekt på cellulær fysiologi når innkapslede jernnanopar...

Magnetiske nanopartikler er allerede anvendt i klinikken som kontrastmidler for magnetisk resonansavbildning (MRI), og deres terapeutiske anvendelser at utvidelsen. For eksempel har det nylig vært vist at merkede celler kan bli manipulert in vivo ved anvendelse av et eksternt magnetfelt og kan rettes og / eller opprettholdt på et definert sete implantasjonsstedet 1, 2, 3. I regenerativ medisin, kan de brukes til å konstruere organiserte vev in vitro 4, deriblant vaskulære vev 5, 6, 7, 8 ben, brusk og 9. Artikulær brusk er nedsenket i en avaskulær miljø, noe som gjør reparasjon av ekstracellulære matrikskomponenter meget begrenset når skader oppstår. Av denne grunn, research er for tiden rettet mot konstruksjon av hyalinbrusk erstatninger som kan bli implantert på det defekte område. For å fremstille en autolog erstatning, er noen forskningsgrupper utforsker bruken av autologe kondrocytter som en celle kilde 10, 11, mens andre understreke kapasiteten av stamceller (MSC) til å differensiere til kondrocytter, 12, 13. I tidligere studier rekapitulert her, valgte vi MSC, som deres benmarg prøvetaking er ganske enkel og krever ikke offer av sunne chondrocytes, som risikerer å miste sin fenotype 14. En tidlig trinn nødvendig for å initiere chondrogen differensiering av stamceller er deres kondensering. Celleaggregater dannes vanligvis ved anvendelse av enten sentrifugering eller Micromass kultur 15; Men disse kondensasjonsprodukter metoder neither presentere potensial til å lage cellegrupper innenfor tykke stillaser og heller ikke mulighet for å styre sammensmelting av aggregater. I denne artikkelen beskriver vi en nyskapende fremgangsmåte for kondensering av stamceller ved å bruke MSC magnetisk merking og magnetisk tiltrekning. Denne teknikken har vist seg å danne stillasfritt 3D konstruksjoner via fusjon av aggregater med hverandre for å oppnå en millimeter skala bruskvevet 9. Magnetisk såing av tykke og store stillaser har også gitt mulighet for å øke størrelsen på den manipulerte vev, å utforme en form som lettere anvendbare for implantering, og en spredning av potensialet for kliniske anvendelser i bruskreparasjon. Her har vi detalj protokollen for den magnetiske såing av MSC til porøse stillas består av naturlige polysakkarider, pullulan, dekstran og, stillaser som tidligere ble brukt for å begrense stamceller 16, 17. Chondrogen differensiering var finally utført i en bioreaktor for å sikre kontinuerlig næringsstoff og gass diffusjon inn i matrikskjernen av stillasene podet med en høy tetthet av celler. Foruten næringsstoffer, chondrogen vekstfaktorer og gass til cellene, bioreaktoren tilbys mekanisk stimulering. Totalt sett er magnetiske teknologien som brukes for å begrense stamceller, kombinert med dynamisk modning i en bioreaktor, kan betydelig forbedre chondrogen differensiering.

<table border="1" fo:keep-together.within-page="1" fo:keep-with-next.within-page="always">
	<tbody>
		<tr>
			<td>Iron&#160; oxide (maghemite) nanoparticules ( &#947;-Fe2O3)</td>
			<td>PHENIX - University Paris 6</td>
			<td>Made and given by C. M&#233;nager</td>
			<td>Mean diameter of 8.1 nm and negative surface charge</td>
		</tr>
		<tr>
			<td>Polysaccharide Pullulan/Dextran scaffolds</td>
			<td>LIOAD - University Nantes</td>
			<td>Made and given by C. Le Visage</td>
			<td>Prepared from a 75:25 mixture of pullulan/dextran in alkaline conditions (10M NaOH). Porosity: 185-205&#181;m; Thickness: 7mm; Surface area: 1.8cm2.</td>
		</tr>
		<tr>
			<td>TisXell Regeneration System</td>
			<td>QuinXell Technologies</td>
			<td>QX900-002</td>
			<td>Biaxial bioreactor with 500 mL culture chamber&#160;</td>
		</tr>
		<tr>
			<td>Cage for scaffolds: Histosette II M492&#160;</td>
			<td>VWR</td>
			<td>720-0909</td>
			<td></td>
		</tr>
		<tr>
			<td>Mesenchymal Stem Cell (MSC)</td>
			<td>Lonza</td>
			<td>PT-2501</td>
			<td>Three independant batches have been used</td>
		</tr>
		<tr>
			<td>MSCGM BulletKit medium</td>
			<td>Lonza</td>
			<td>PT-3001</td>
			<td>For the complete medium, add the provided BulletKit (containing serum, glutamine and antibiotics) to the MSCGM medium</td>
		</tr>
		<tr>
			<td>DMEM with Glutamax I</td>
			<td>Life Technologies</td>
			<td>31966-021</td>
			<td>No sodium pyruvate, no HEPES</td>
		</tr>
		<tr>
			<td>RPMI medium 1640, no Glutamine</td>
			<td>Life Technologies</td>
			<td>31870-025</td>
			<td>No sodium pyruvate, no HEPES</td>
		</tr>
		<tr>
			<td>PBS w/o CaCl2 w/o MgCl2</td>
			<td>Life Technologies</td>
			<td>14190-094</td>
			<td></td>
		</tr>
		<tr>
			<td>0.05% Trypsin-EDTA (1x)</td>
			<td>Life Technologies</td>
			<td>25300-054</td>
			<td></td>
		</tr>
		<tr>
			<td>Penicillin (10.000U/mL)/Streptomicin (10.000&#181;g/mL)</td>
			<td>Life Technologies</td>
			<td>15140-122</td>
			<td></td>
		</tr>
		<tr>
			<td>ITS Premix Universal Culture Supplement (20x)</td>
			<td>Corning</td>
			<td>354352</td>
			<td></td>
		</tr>
		<tr>
			<td>Sodium pyruvate solution 100mM</td>
			<td>Sigma</td>
			<td>S8636</td>
			<td></td>
		</tr>
		<tr>
			<td>L-Ascorbic Acid 2-phosphate</td>
			<td>Sigma</td>
			<td>A8960</td>
			<td>Prepare the concentrated solution (25 mM) in distilled water extemporaneously</td>
		</tr>
		<tr>
			<td>L-Proline</td>
			<td>Sigma</td>
			<td>P5607</td>
			<td>Prepare the 175 mM stock solution diluted in distilled water and store at 4&#176;C</td>
		</tr>
		<tr>
			<td>Dexamethasone</td>
			<td>Sigma</td>
			<td>D4902</td>
			<td>Prepare the 1 mM stock solution diluted in Ethanol 100% and store at -20&#176;C</td>
		</tr>
		<tr>
			<td>TGF-beta 3 protein 10&#181;g</td>
			<td>Interchim</td>
			<td>30R-AT028</td>
			<td></td>
		</tr>
		<tr>
			<td>Tri-sodium citrate</td>
			<td>VWR</td>
			<td>33615.268</td>
			<td>Prepare the 1M stock solution diluted in distilled water and store at 4&#176;C</td>
		</tr>
		<tr>
			<td>Pullulanase from Bacillus acidopullulyticus</td>
			<td>Sigma</td>
			<td>P2986</td>
			<td></td>
		</tr>
		<tr>
			<td>Dextranase from Chaetomium erraticum</td>
			<td>Sigma</td>
			<td>D0443</td>
			<td></td>
		</tr>
		<tr>
			<td>NucleoSpin RNA Extraction Kit</td>
			<td>Macherey-Nagel</td>
			<td>740955.5</td>
			<td></td>
		</tr>
		<tr>
			<td>SuperScript II Reverse Transcriptase</td>
			<td>Life Technologies</td>
			<td>18064-014</td>
			<td></td>
		</tr>
		<tr>
			<td>Random Primer - Hexamer&#160;</td>
			<td>Promega</td>
			<td>C1181</td>
			<td>500 &#181;g/mL: Use diluted 1/2 and put 1 &#181;L per sample</td>
		</tr>
		<tr>
			<td>Recombinant RNAsin ribonuclease inhibitor</td>
			<td>Promega</td>
			<td>N2511</td>
			<td>40 U/&#181;L: put 1 &#181;L per sample</td>
		</tr>
		<tr>
			<td>PCR nucleotide dNTP mix (10mM each)</td>
			<td>Roche</td>
			<td>10842321</td>
			<td></td>
		</tr>
		<tr>
			<td>SyBr Green PCR Master Mix</td>
			<td>Life Technologies</td>
			<td>4368708</td>
			<td></td>
		</tr>
		<tr>
			<td>Step One Plus Real-Time PCR System</td>
			<td>Life Technologies</td>
			<td>4381792</td>
			<td></td>
		</tr>
		<tr>
			<td>Formalin solution 10% neutral buffered</td>
			<td>Sigma</td>
			<td>HT5012</td>
			<td></td>
		</tr>
		<tr>
			<td>OCT solution</td>
			<td>VWR</td>
			<td>361603E</td>
			<td></td>
		</tr>
		<tr>
			<td>Isopentane</td>
			<td>Sigma</td>
			<td>M32631</td>
			<td></td>
		</tr>
		<tr>
			<td>Toluidine blue O</td>
			<td>VWR</td>
			<td>1.15930.0025</td>
			<td></td>
		</tr>
		<tr>
			<td>Ethanol absolute</td>
			<td>VWR</td>
			<td>20821.310</td>
			<td></td>
		</tr>
		<tr>
			<td>Toluene</td>
			<td>VWR</td>
			<td>1.08323.1000</td>
			<td></td>
		</tr>
		<tr>
			<td>Mounting medium Pertex</td>
			<td>Histolab</td>
			<td>840</td>
			<td></td>
		</tr>
		<tr>
			<td>RPLP0 Primer for qPCR</td>
			<td>Eurogentec</td>
			<td></td>
			<td>5&#39;-TGCATCAGTAC 
			CCCATTCTATCAT-3&#39; ; 
			5&#39;-AAGGTGTAATC 
			CGTCTCCACAGA-3&#39;</td>
		</tr>
		<tr>
			<td>Aggrecan Primer for qPCR</td>
			<td>Eurogentec</td>
			<td></td>
			<td>5&#39;-TCTACCGCTGCGAGGTGAT-3&#39; ; 3&#39;-TGTAATGGAACACGATGCCTTT-5&#39;</td>
		</tr>
		<tr>
			<td>Collagen II Primer for qPCR</td>
			<td>Eurogentec</td>
			<td></td>
			<td>5&#39;-ACTGGATTGACCCCAACCAA-3&#39; ; 3&#39;-TCCATGTTGCAGAAAACCTTCA-5&#39;</td>
		</tr>
	</tbody>
</table>

3d magnetic stem cell aggregation and bioreactor maturation for cartilage regeneration

Brusk teknikk er fortsatt en utfordring på grunn av vanskelighetene med å skape en in vitro-funksjonell implantatet lik den opprinnelige vev. En tilnærming har nylig undersøkt for utvikling av autologe erstatninger innebærer differensiering av stamceller til kondrocytter. For å initiere denne bruskdannelse, en komprimeringsgrad av stamceller er nødvendig; derav, demonstrerte vi muligheten for magnetisk kondenserende celler, både innenfor tykke stillaser og stillas for, bruk av minimalimagnetfeltkilder for eksempel base tiltrekkere. Denne magnetiske fremgangsmåte ble også benyttet for å lede aggregat fusjon og for å bygge stillas-fri, organisert, tre-dimensjonale (3D) vev flere millimeter i størrelse. I tillegg til å ha en øket størrelse, det vev som dannes ved en magnetisk drevet fusjon presenterte en signifikant økning i ekspresjonen av kollagen II, og en lignende tendens ble observert for aggrecan ekspresjon. Som det native brusk ble utsatt for krefter that påvirket sin 3D-struktur, dynamisk modning ble også utført. En bioreaktor som gir mekaniske stimuli ble anvendt for å dyrke de magnetisk seeded stillasene i løpet av en periode på 21 dager. Bioreaktor modning i stor grad forbedret brusk inn i cellularized stillasene; den ekstracellulære matriks oppnådd under disse betingelser var rik på kollagen II og aggrecan. Dette arbeid beskriver nyskapende potensial av magnetisk kondensering av merkede stamceller og dynamisk modning i en bioreaktor for forbedret chondrogen differensiering, både uten stillas og innenfor polysakkarid stillaser.

For det første kan aggregater hver for seg dannes ved bruk av mikro-magneter ved å avsette 2,5 x 10 5 merkede stamceller (figur 2A). Disse enkeltaggregater (~ 0,8 mm i størrelse) kan deretter bli smeltet sammen til større strukturer, takket være sekvensielle, magnetisk indusert fusjon. For eksempel, på dag 8 av chondrogen modning ble aggregater anbringes i kontakt i par for å danne dubletter; quadruplets ble samlet på dag 11 ved å flette 2 dubletter; ...

Watch this Scientific Journal Video about 3D Magnetic Stem Cell Aggregation and Bioreactor Maturation for Cartilage Regeneration at JoVE.com

3D Magnetic Stem Cell Aggregation and Bioreactor Maturation for Cartilage Regeneration

Brusk fra stamceller krever finjustering av kulturbetingelsene. Her presenterer vi en magnetisk metode for kondensering av celler, til et viktig skritt initiere bruskdannelse. I tillegg, viser vi at dynamisk modning i en bioreaktor gjelder mekanisk stimulering til de cellulære konstruksjonene og forbedrer brusk ekstracellulær matriksproduksjon.

3D Magnetisk Stem Cell Aggregation og bioreaktor Modning for Brusk Regeneration

Cartilage engineering remains a challenge due to the difficulties in creating an in vitro functional implant similar to the native tissue. An approach ...

Research

JoVE Journal

Bioengineering

Use of Human Perivascular Stem Cells for Bone Regeneration

Bruk av menneskelige perivaskulær stamceller for Bone Regeneration

Human perivascular stem cells (PSCs) can be isolated in sufficient numbers from multiple tissues for purposes of skeletal tissue engineering1-3. PSCs are ...

Alginate Microcapsule as a 3D Platform for Propagation and Differentiation of Human Embryonic Stem Cells (hESC) to Different Lineages

Alginate Microcapsule as a 3D Platform for Propagation and Differentiation of Human Embryonic Stem Cells hESC to Different Lineages

Alginat Microcapsule som en 3D-plattform for Formering og Differensiering av humane embryonale stamceller (hESC) til ulike linjene

Human embryonic stem cells (hESC) are emerging as an attractive alternative source for cell replacement therapy since they can be expanded in culture ...

Preparation of 3D Fibrin Scaffolds for Stem Cell Culture Applications

Utarbeidelse av 3D Fibrin stillaser for Stem Cell Kultur Applications

Stem cells are found in naturally occurring 3D microenvironments in vivo, which are often referred to as the stem cell niche 1. Culturing stem cells ...

Nonhuman Primate Lung Decellularization and Recellularization Using a Specialized Large-organ Bioreactor

Nonhuman Primate Lung Decellularization og Recellularization Ved hjelp av en Specialized Stor-orgel bioreaktor

There are an insufficient number of lungs available to meet current and future organ transplantation needs. Bioartificial tissue regeneration is an ...

Engineering 3D Cellularized Collagen Gels for Vascular Tissue Regeneration

Ingeniør 3D Cellularized Kollagen Geleer til Vaskulær Tissue Regeneration

Synthetic materials are known to initiate clinical complications such as inflammation, stenosis, and infections when implanted as vascular substitutes. ...

3D Hydrogel Scaffolds for Articular Chondrocyte Culture and Cartilage Generation

3D Hydrogel Stillas for Ledd chondrocyttransplantasjon Kultur og brusk Generation

Human articular cartilage is highly susceptible to damage and has limited self-repair and regeneration potential. Cell-based strategies to engineer ...

Micropatterning and Assembly of 3D Microvessels

Micropatterning og montering av 3D microvessels

In vitro platforms to study endothelial cells and vascular biology are largely limited to 2D endothelial cell culture, flow chambers with polymer or glass ...

Bioprinting of Cartilage and Skin Tissue Analogs Utilizing a Novel Passive Mixing Unit Technique for Bioink Precellularization

Bioprinting brusk og huden vev Analogs utnytte en roman passiv miksing enhet teknikk for Bioink Precellularization

Bioprinting is a powerful technique for the rapid and reproducible fabrication of constructs for tissue engineering applications. In this study, both ...

Large-Scale, Automated Production of Adipose-Derived Stem Cell Spheroids for 3D Bioprinting

Storskala, automatisert produksjon av fettavledede stamcellesfæroider for 3D-bioprinting

Adipose-derived stromal/stem cells (ASCs) are a subpopulation of cells found in the stromal vascular fraction of human subcutaneous adipose tissue ...

Imaging-Guided Bioreactor for Generating Bioengineered Airway Tissue

Bildestyrt bioreaktor for generering av bioingeniør luftveisvev

Repeated injury to airway tissue can impair lung function and cause chronic lung disease, such as chronic obstructive pulmonary disease. Advances in ...