Name: methods for the self-integration of megamolecular biopolymers on the drying air-lc interface
Uploaded: 2017-04-07T12:30:00
Description: Watch this Scientific Journal Video about Methods for the Self-integration of Megamolecular Biopolymers on the Drying Air-LC Interface at JoVE.com

Dette arbejde blev støttet af tilskud-in-støtte til unge forskere (16K17956) fra Ministeriet for Undervisning, Kultur, Sport, Videnskab og Teknologi i Japan, Kyoto tekniske videnskaber Center og The Mitani Foundation for forskning og udvikling.

1. instrumenter <ol><li> polariseringsapparat <ol><li> For at konstruere et polariseringsapparat, tilvejebringe en lyskilde med en halogenlampe, en lysleder, polarisatorer, et prøvebordet, en optisk skinne, stang stande, og en digital spejlreflekskamera (se figur 1C og Materialer List for polarisering enhedens dele). </li></ol></li></ol> 2. Fremstilling af Biopolymer Løsning <ol><li> polysakkarid løsninger <ol><li> Opløs ...

<ol>
	<li>Flemming, H. -. C., Wingender, J. <a target="_blank" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?db=PubMed&cmd=Search&doptcmdl=Citation&defaultField=Title+Word&term=The+biofilm+matrix.">The biofilm matrix.</a> Nat. Rev. Microbiology. 8 (9), 623-633 (2010).</li><li>Osada, Y., Kawamura, R., Sano, K. <a target="_blank" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?db=PubMed&cmd=Search&doptcmdl=Citation&defaultField=Title+Word&term=.">.</a> Hydrogels of cytoskeletal proteins. , (2016).</li><li>Rothemund, P. W. K. <a target="_blank" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?db=PubMed&cmd=Search&doptcmdl=Citation&defaultField=Title+Word&term=Folding+DNA+to+create+nanoscale+shapes+and+patterns.">Folding DNA to create nanoscale shapes and patterns.</a> Nature. 440, 297-302 (2006).</li><li>Okeyoshi, K., Okajima, M. K., Kaneko, T. <a target="_blank" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?db=PubMed&cmd=Search&doptcmdl=Citation&defaultField=Title+Word&term=Milliscale+self-integration+of+megamolecule+biopolymers+on+a+drying+gas-aqueous+liquid+crystalline+interface.">Milliscale self-integration of megamolecule biopolymers on a drying gas-aqueous liquid crystalline interface.</a> Biomacromolecules. 17 (6), 2096-2103 (2016).</li><li>De Gennes, P. G., Prost, J. <a target="_blank" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?db=PubMed&cmd=Search&doptcmdl=Citation&defaultField=Title+Word&term=.">.</a> The physics of liquid crystals. , (1993).</li><li>De Gennes, P. G., Brochard-Wyart, F., Quere, D. <a target="_blank" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?db=PubMed&cmd=Search&doptcmdl=Citation&defaultField=Title+Word&term=.">.</a> Capillarity and wetting phenomena: drops, bubbles, pearls, waves. , (2003).</li><li>Okajima, M. K., Kaneko, D., Mitsumata, T., Kaneko, T., Watanabe, J. <a target="_blank" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?db=PubMed&cmd=Search&doptcmdl=Citation&defaultField=Title+Word&term=Cyanobacteria+that+produce+megamolecules+with+efficient+self-orientations.">Cyanobacteria that produce megamolecules with efficient self-orientations.</a> Macromolecules. 42 (8), 3058-3062 (2009).</li><li>Okeyoshi, K., Kawamura, R., Yoshida, R., Osada, Y. <a target="_blank" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?db=PubMed&cmd=Search&doptcmdl=Citation&defaultField=Title+Word&term=Thermo-+and+photo-enhanced+microtubule+formation+from+Ru(bpy)32+-conjugated+tubulin.">Thermo- and photo-enhanced microtubule formation from Ru(bpy)32+-conjugated tubulin.</a> J. Mater. Chem. B. 2, 41-45 (2014).</li><li>Matsuo, E. S., Tanaka, T. <a target="_blank" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?db=PubMed&cmd=Search&doptcmdl=Citation&defaultField=Title+Word&term=Kinetics+of+discontinuous+volume-phase+transition+of+gels.">Kinetics of discontinuous volume-phase transition of gels.</a> J. Chem. Phys. 89, 1695-1703 (1988).</li><li>Okajima, K., Mishima, R., Amornwachirabodee, K., Mitsumata, T., Okeyoshi, K., Kaneko, T. <a target="_blank" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?db=PubMed&cmd=Search&doptcmdl=Citation&defaultField=Title+Word&term=Anisotropic+swelling+in+hydrogels+formed+by+cooperatively+aligned+megamolecules.">Anisotropic swelling in hydrogels formed by cooperatively aligned megamolecules.</a> RSC Adv. 5, 86723-86729 (2015).</li><li>Joshi, G., Okeyoshi, K., Okajima, M. K., Kaneko, T. <a target="_blank" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?db=PubMed&cmd=Search&doptcmdl=Citation&defaultField=Title+Word&term=Directional+control+of+diffusion+and+swelling+in+megamolecular+polysaccharide+hydrogels.">Directional control of diffusion and swelling in megamolecular polysaccharide hydrogels.</a> Soft Matter. 12, 5515-5518 (2016).</li></ol>

Det var til tider vanskeligt for kameraet at fokusere på prøven på grund af det transmitterede lys intensitet være for lav. I sådanne tilfælde, at placere en udvidet gennemsigtig plastfilm på scenen var med til at arrangere i fokus. Begrænsningen af ​​den observerbare beslutning var afhængig af kameralinsen, ~ 10 um i dette tilfælde. Det observerbare begrænsning af prøven tykkelse, Ay, var afhængig af den maksimale lysintensitet af lampen, ~ 10 mm i dette tilfælde. Fordelen...

Ved at fokusere på de stive, stavformede strukturer af biopolymerer, har dynamiske bløde materialer været anvendt til forskellige anvendelser, herunder polysaccharid biofilm matricer 1, &quot;aktive geler&quot; sammensat af cytoskeletproteiner 2 og &quot;DNA origami&quot; af ønskede former 3. At klarlægge de strukturelle egenskaber, er mange strategier blevet udforsket, såsom transmissionselektronmikroskopi, scanningselektronmikroskopi, atomic force mikroskopi, og konfokal fluorescensmikroskopi. Men fordi disse metoder er for det meste foregår på en tørret eller statisk tilstand, er det vanskeligt at forklare de dynamiske adfærd i makroskopiske skalaer, som det ses i egentlige levende systemer. For nylig har vi med succes observeret dynamiske opførsel biopolymerer på den vandige luft-LC grænseflade gennem polariseret lys 4. Under visualisering af den orienterede struktur, medens tørring biopolymerenopløsning, de tidsmæssige ændringer indikerede selv-integration af biopolymerer på den ustabile luft-LC grænseflade. Her beskriver vi en protokol til tørring af LC biopolymer opløsninger ved luft-LC interface ved hjælp polariserede instrumenter. I modsætning til andre analyser af LC fase, der ikke betragter tørring 5, 6 blev LC dynamik under tørringsprocessen undersøgt her ved at evaluere orienteringsmæssige ordensparameter i sidebillede af den flydende fase i en én-side-åbne celler . Kombinationen af ​​cellen fordampning og anvendelse af polariserede instrumenter tilladt for makroskopisk overvågning med en kontrolleret fordampning retning. Desuden var det muligt at validere de tørrende records ved at fokusere på de krystallinske strukturer af de adsorberede mikrodomæner, der blev ramt af molekylvægt, koncentration, etc. For at vise effektiviteten af fremgangsmåden tørringen proprocesser af basiske biopolymerer med stiv stang former, såsom polysaccharider, mikrotubuli (MTS), og DNA, blev undersøgt. Vi valgte disse biopolymerer, fordi de er typiske eksempler på hierarkiske makromolekyler med megamolecular vægte, og deres intermolekylære vekselvirkninger sætte dem i stand til at danne LC stater.

<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" width="617">
	<tbody>
		<tr height="69">
			<td height="69" style="height:69px;width:172px;">sacran</td>
			<td style="width:151px;">Green Science Materials Inc., Japan</td>
			<td style="width:131px;"></td>
			<td style="width:163px;">From Aphanothece sacrum. 
			Mw = 1.9 &#215; 107 g mol-1</td>
		</tr>
		<tr height="69">
			<td height="69" style="height:69px;width:172px;">xanthan gum</td>
			<td style="width:151px;">Taiyo Kagaku Co., Japan</td>
			<td style="width:131px;">Neosoft XC</td>
			<td style="width:163px;">From Xanthomonas campestris. 
			Mw = 4.7 &#215; 106 g mol-1</td>
		</tr>
		<tr height="43">
			<td height="43" style="height:43px;width:172px;">tubulin</td>
			<td style="width:151px;">Cytoskeleton, Inc., USA</td>
			<td style="width:131px;">T240</td>
			<td style="width:163px;">From porcine brain.</td>
		</tr>
		<tr height="43">
			<td height="43" style="height:43px;width:172px;">GpCpp</td>
			<td style="width:151px;">Jena Bioscience, Germany</td>
			<td style="width:131px;">NU405L</td>
			<td style="width:163px;"></td>
		</tr>
		<tr height="43">
			<td height="43" style="height:43px;width:172px;">piperazine-N,N&#8242;-bis(2-ethanesulfonic acid)</td>
			<td style="width:151px;">Sigma-Aldrichi, Co. LLC.</td>
			<td style="width:131px;">P6757-500G</td>
			<td style="width:163px;">PIPES</td>
		</tr>
		<tr height="85">
			<td height="85" style="height:85px;width:172px;">ethylene glycol-bis(&#946;-aminoethyl ether)-N,N,N&#39;,N&#39;-tetraacetic acid</td>
			<td style="width:151px;">Dojindo Molecular Technologies, Inc.</td>
			<td style="width:131px;">342-01314</td>
			<td style="width:163px;">EGTA</td>
		</tr>
		<tr height="43">
			<td height="43" style="height:43px;width:172px;">MgCl2-6H2O</td>
			<td style="width:151px;">Wako Pure Chemical Industries, Ltd.</td>
			<td style="width:131px;">135-15055</td>
			<td style="width:163px;"></td>
		</tr>
		<tr height="43">
			<td height="43" style="height:43px;width:172px;">KOH</td>
			<td style="width:151px;">Wako Pure Chemical Industries, Ltd.</td>
			<td style="width:131px;">162-21813</td>
			<td style="width:163px;">pellet</td>
		</tr>
		<tr height="21">
			<td height="58" style="height:58px;width:172px;">DNA</td>
			<td rowspan="2" style="width:151px;">Sigma-Aldrich, Co. LLC.</td>
			<td rowspan="2" style="width:131px;">D1626</td>
			<td rowspan="2" style="width:163px;">From salmon testes. 
			Mw = 1.3 &#215; 106 Da (~2000 bp)</td>
		</tr>
		<tr height="43">
			<td height="43" style="height:43px;width:172px;">Tris-EDTA buffer solution</td>
			<td style="width:151px;">Sigma-Aldrich, Co. LLC.</td>
			<td style="width:131px;">T9285-100ML</td>
			<td style="width:163px;">10 mM Tris, pH 8.0, with 1 mM EDTA</td>
		</tr>
		<tr height="43">
			<td height="43" style="height:43px;width:172px;">slide glass</td>
			<td style="width:151px;">Matsunami Glass Ind., Ltd., Japan</td>
			<td style="width:131px;">S1111</td>
			<td style="width:163px;"></td>
		</tr>
		<tr height="22">
			<td height="22" style="height:22px;width:172px;">silicon rubber sheet</td>
			<td style="width:151px;">Asone Co.</td>
			<td style="width:131px;">6-611-32</td>
			<td style="width:163px;">Thickness: 1 mm</td>
		</tr>
		<tr height="43">
			<td height="43" style="height:43px;width:172px;">centrifuge</td>
			<td style="width:151px;">Beckman-Coulter, Inc., USA</td>
			<td style="width:131px;">Avanti J-25</td>
			<td style="width:163px;">equipped with a JA-20 rotor</td>
		</tr>
		<tr height="43">
			<td height="43" style="height:43px;width:172px;">light source</td>
			<td style="width:151px;">Sumita Optical Glass, Inc., Japan</td>
			<td style="width:131px;">LS-LHA</td>
			<td style="width:163px;"></td>
		</tr>
		<tr height="43">
			<td height="43" style="height:43px;width:172px;">light guide</td>
			<td style="width:151px;">Sumita Optical Glass, Inc., Japan</td>
			<td style="width:131px;">GF7.2-1-L1500R-M80 (AAAR-015M)</td>
			<td style="width:163px;">80 mm &#215; 80 mm</td>
		</tr>
		<tr height="22">
			<td height="22" style="height:22px;width:172px;">halogen lamp</td>
			<td style="width:151px;">Ushio Inc., Japan</td>
			<td style="width:131px;">JCR 15V150WBN</td>
			<td style="width:163px;"></td>
		</tr>
		<tr height="22">
			<td height="22" style="height:22px;width:172px;">polarizer</td>
			<td style="width:151px;">Luceo, Co.,Ltd.</td>
			<td style="width:131px;">POLAX-42S</td>
			<td style="width:163px;">40 x 80 x 2t (45&#730;)</td>
		</tr>
		<tr height="22">
			<td height="22" style="height:22px;width:172px;">holder</td>
			<td style="width:151px;">Sigmakoki, Co.,Ltd.</td>
			<td style="width:131px;">KMH-80</td>
			<td style="width:163px;"></td>
		</tr>
		<tr height="22">
			<td height="22" style="height:22px;width:172px;">sample stage</td>
			<td style="width:151px;">Sigmakoki, Co.,Ltd.</td>
			<td style="width:131px;">TARW-25503L</td>
			<td style="width:163px;"></td>
		</tr>
		<tr height="22">
			<td height="22" style="height:22px;width:172px;">sample holder</td>
			<td style="width:151px;">Sigmakoki, Co.,Ltd.</td>
			<td style="width:131px;">SHA-25RO</td>
			<td style="width:163px;"></td>
		</tr>
		<tr height="22">
			<td height="22" style="height:22px;width:172px;">rod</td>
			<td style="width:151px;">Sigmakoki, Co.,Ltd.</td>
			<td style="width:131px;">ROU-12-40</td>
			<td style="width:163px;"></td>
		</tr>
		<tr height="22">
			<td height="22" style="height:22px;width:172px;">posts holder</td>
			<td style="width:151px;">Sigmakoki, Co.,Ltd.</td>
			<td style="width:131px;">RS-6-40</td>
			<td style="width:163px;"></td>
		</tr>
		<tr height="22">
			<td height="22" style="height:22px;width:172px;">posts holder</td>
			<td style="width:151px;">Sigmakoki, Co.,Ltd.</td>
			<td style="width:131px;">RS-12-60</td>
			<td style="width:163px;"></td>
		</tr>
		<tr height="22">
			<td height="22" style="height:22px;width:172px;">posts holder</td>
			<td style="width:151px;">Sigmakoki, Co.,Ltd.</td>
			<td style="width:131px;">RS-12-80</td>
			<td style="width:163px;"></td>
		</tr>
		<tr height="22">
			<td height="22" style="height:22px;width:172px;">posts holder</td>
			<td style="width:151px;">Sigmakoki, Co.,Ltd.</td>
			<td style="width:131px;">RS-12-130</td>
			<td style="width:163px;"></td>
		</tr>
		<tr height="22">
			<td height="22" style="height:22px;width:172px;">carrier</td>
			<td style="width:151px;">Sigmakoki, Co.,Ltd.</td>
			<td style="width:131px;">CAA-25LS</td>
			<td style="width:163px;"></td>
		</tr>
		<tr height="22">
			<td height="22" style="height:22px;width:172px;">camera holder</td>
			<td style="width:151px;">Sigmakoki, Co.,Ltd.</td>
			<td style="width:131px;">CMH-2</td>
			<td style="width:163px;"></td>
		</tr>
		<tr height="22">
			<td height="22" style="height:22px;width:172px;">medium optical rail</td>
			<td style="width:151px;">Sigmakoki, Co.,Ltd.</td>
			<td style="width:131px;">OBA-500SH</td>
			<td style="width:163px;"></td>
		</tr>
		<tr height="22">
			<td height="22" style="height:22px;width:172px;">lenstube</td>
			<td style="width:151px;">Tomytech, BORG</td>
			<td style="width:131px;">lenstube BK</td>
			<td style="width:163px;">80&#966;, L25 mm&#160;</td>
		</tr>
		<tr height="22">
			<td height="22" style="height:22px;width:172px;">lenstube</td>
			<td style="width:151px;">Tomytech, BORG</td>
			<td style="width:131px;">lenstube BK</td>
			<td style="width:163px;">80&#966;, L50 mm&#160;</td>
		</tr>
		<tr height="22">
			<td height="22" style="height:22px;width:172px;">multiband</td>
			<td style="width:151px;">Tomytech, BORG</td>
			<td style="width:131px;"></td>
			<td style="width:163px;">80&#966;&#160;</td>
		</tr>
		<tr height="22">
			<td height="22" style="height:22px;width:172px;">V plate</td>
			<td style="width:151px;">Tomytech, BORG</td>
			<td style="width:131px;">V plate 60S</td>
			<td style="width:163px;"></td>
		</tr>
		<tr height="22">
			<td height="22" style="height:22px;width:172px;">plate holder</td>
			<td style="width:151px;">Viexen, Co.,Ltd.</td>
			<td style="width:131px;">plate holder SX</td>
			<td style="width:163px;"></td>
		</tr>
		<tr height="43">
			<td height="43" style="height:43px;width:172px;">EOS Kiss X7i&#160;</td>
			<td style="width:151px;">Canon Inc., Japan</td>
			<td style="width:131px;">8594B001</td>
			<td style="width:163px;">with a standard zoom lens,&#160; EFP 18-55 mm</td>
		</tr>
		<tr height="22">
			<td height="22" style="height:22px;width:172px;">photographic software</td>
			<td style="width:151px;">Canon Inc., Japan</td>
			<td style="width:131px;">EOS Utility</td>
			<td style="width:163px;"></td>
		</tr>
		<tr height="22">
			<td height="22" style="height:22px;width:172px;">PC</td>
			<td style="width:151px;">Microsoft</td>
			<td style="width:131px;">Surface</td>
			<td style="width:163px;"></td>
		</tr>
		<tr height="22">
			<td height="22" style="height:22px;width:172px;">polarization microscope</td>
			<td style="width:151px;">Olympus</td>
			<td style="width:131px;">BX51</td>
			<td style="width:163px;"></td>
		</tr>
		<tr height="43">
			<td height="43" style="height:43px;width:172px;">first order retardation plate</td>
			<td style="width:151px;">Olympus</td>
			<td style="width:131px;">U-TP530</td>
			<td style="width:163px;">&#955; = 530 nm</td>
		</tr>
		<tr height="22">
			<td height="22" style="height:22px;width:172px;">CCD camera</td>
			<td style="width:151px;">Olympus</td>
			<td style="width:131px;">DP80</td>
			<td style="width:163px;"></td>
		</tr>
		<tr height="22">
			<td height="22" style="height:22px;width:172px;">photographic software</td>
			<td style="width:151px;">Olympus</td>
			<td style="width:131px;">cellSens Standard</td>
			<td style="width:163px;"></td>
		</tr>
		<tr height="43">
			<td height="43" style="height:43px;width:172px;">Java-based image processing program</td>
			<td style="width:151px;">the National Institutes of Health</td>
			<td style="width:131px;">ImageJ</td>
			<td style="width:163px;"></td>
		</tr>
	</tbody>
</table>

methods for the self-integration of megamolecular biopolymers on the drying air-lc interface

Levende organismer, der bruger vand er altid tilbøjelig til tørring i miljøet. Deres aktiviteter er drevet af biopolymer-baserede mikro- og makro-strukturer, som det ses i tilfælde af at flytte vand i vaskulære bundter og fugtgivende vand i hudlag. I denne undersøgelse har vi udviklet en metode til vurdering af virkningen af ​​vandig væske krystallinske (LC) opløsninger af biopolymerer på tørring. Som LC biopolymerer har megamolecular vægt, valgte vi at studere polysaccharider, cytoskeletale proteiner og DNA. Observationen af ​​biopolymer opløsninger under tørring under polariseret lys afslører milliscale selv-integration ud fra ustabile luft-LC grænseflade. Dynamikken i de vandige LC biopolymer opløsninger kan overvåges ved fordampning af vand fra en én-side-åbne celler. Ved at analysere billederne taget med cross-polariseret lys, er det muligt at genkende de spatio-temporale ændringer i orienteringsmæssige parameterordre. Det hermetode kan være anvendelig til karakterisering af ikke kun kunstige materialer i forskellige områder, men også naturlige levende væv. Vi mener, at det vil give en evalueringsmetode til bløde materialer i de biomedicinske og miljømæssige område.

<html> Anvendelse af anordningen som vist i figur 1, til den selv-integration fra mikrodomæne macrodomain på en tørreluften-LC-grænsefladen blev evalueret (figur 2A). Som den første demonstration af tørringen eksperiment, to slags megamolecular polysaccharider, sacran (M w = 1,9 x 10 7 g mol-1) og xanthangummi (4,7 x 10 6 g mol-1), blev sammenlignet. Figur 2B viser foto...

Watch this Scientific Journal Video about Methods for the Self-integration of Megamolecular Biopolymers on the Drying Air-LC Interface at JoVE.com

Methods for the Self-integration of Megamolecular Biopolymers on the Drying Air-LC Interface

Fremgangsmåde til tørring-induceret selv-integration af megamolecular biopolymerer på luft-væske krystallinsk interface er tilvejebragt her. Denne metode vil være nyttigt ikke kun for at forstå de makroskopiske potentialer biopolymerer, men også som en evalueringsmetode til bløde materialer i biomedicinske og miljømæssige område.

Metoder til Self-integration af Megamolecular Biopolymers på Tørring Air-LC-grænseflade

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Molecular Entanglement and Electrospinnability of Biopolymers

Molekylær Indvikling og Electrospinnability biopolymerer

Electrospinning is a fascinating technique to fabricate micro- to nano-scale fibers from a wide variety of materials. For biopolymers, molecular ...

Gene Transfection toward Spheroid Cells on Micropatterned Culture Plates for Genetically-modified Cell Transplantation

Gene Transfektion mod sfæroidpartikler celler på mikromønstrede dyrkningsplader for Genetisk modificerede Cell Transplantation

To improve the therapeutic effectiveness of cell transplantation, a transplantation system of genetically modified, injectable spheroids was developed. ...

Methods for Characterizing the Co-development of Biofilm and Habitat Heterogeneity

Metoder til karakterisering af fælles udvikling af Biofilm og nye levesteder

Biofilms are surface-attached microbial communities that have complex structures and produce significant spatial heterogeneities. Biofilm development is ...

PIP-on-a-chip: A Label-free Study of Protein-phosphoinositide Interactions

PIP-on-a-chip: En etiketfri undersøgelse af protein-phosphoinositid-interaktioner

Numerous cellular proteins interact with membrane surfaces to affect essential cellular processes. These interactions can be directed towards a specific ...

Microhoneycomb Monoliths Prepared by the Unidirectional Freeze-drying of Cellulose Nanofiber Based Sols: Method and Extensions

Microhoneycomb Monoliter udarbejdet af den ensrettede frysetørring af Cellulose Nanofiber baseret Sols: metode og udvidelser

Monolithic honeycomb structures have been attractive to multidisciplinary fields due to their high strength-to-weight ratio. Particularly, microhoneycomb ...

Comprehensive Evaluation of the Effectiveness and Safety of Placenta-Targeted Drug Delivery Using Three Complementary Methods

Omfattende evaluering af effektiviteten og sikkerheden af moderkagen-målrettet medicinafgivelse ved hjælp af tre komplementære metoder

No effective treatments currently exist for placenta-associated pregnancy complications, and developing strategies for the targeted delivery of drugs to ...

Methods for In Vivo Biomechanical Testing on Brachial Plexus in Neonatal Piglets

Methods for In Vivo Biomechanical Testing on Brachial Plexus in Neonatal Piglets

Metoder til in vivo -Biomekanisk testning af brachial plexus til neonatal smågrise

Neonatal brachial plexus palsy (NBPP) is a stretch injury that occurs during the birthing process in nerve complexes located in the neck and shoulder ...