Name: nerve-sparing mid-urethral obstruction (nemo) in female small rodents
Uploaded: 2017-04-25T13:00:00
Description: Watch this Scientific Journal Video about Nerve-sparing Mid-urethral Obstruction NeMO in Female Small Rodents at JoVE.com

The work was funded by a CHIR operating grant (DJB).

下面的实验方案经该机构的动物护理委员会。 1. NEMO雌性大鼠<ol><li> 制备 <ol><li>放置一个雌性Sprague-Dawley大鼠重约200克在3％异氟烷麻醉，称重动物，和剃以及使用碘手术擦洗消毒前耻骨区的3倍。 </li><li>在加热垫上，磁带后肢和尾部向下和导尿与20号血管导管，其也被轻轻贴，以防止滑动膀胱。 </li></ol></li><li> 解剖 <ol><li>使用手术刀从朝向尿道口的?...

<ol>
	<li>Andersson, K. E. <a target="_blank" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?db=PubMed&cmd=Search&doptcmdl=Citation&defaultField=Title+Word&term=Storage+and+voiding+symptoms:+pathophysiologic+aspects.">Storage and voiding symptoms: pathophysiologic aspects.</a> Urology. 62 (5), 3-10 (2003).</li><li>Boyle, P., et al. <a target="_blank" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?db=PubMed&cmd=Search&doptcmdl=Citation&defaultField=Title+Word&term=The+prevalence+of+lower+urinary+tract+symptoms+in+men+and+women+in+four+centres.+The+UrEpik+study.">The prevalence of lower urinary tract symptoms in men and women in four centres. The UrEpik study.</a> BJU Int. 92 (4), 409-414 (2003).</li><li>Coyne, K. S., Wein, A., Nicholson, S., Kvasz, M., Chen, C. I., Milsom, I. <a target="_blank" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?db=PubMed&cmd=Search&doptcmdl=Citation&defaultField=Title+Word&term=Economic+burden+of+urgency+urinary+incontinence+in+the+United+States:+a+systematic+review.">Economic burden of urgency urinary incontinence in the United States: a systematic review.</a> J Manag Care Pharm. 20 (2), 130-140 (2014).</li><li>Buttyan, R., Chen, M. W., Levin, R. M. <a target="_blank" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?db=PubMed&cmd=Search&doptcmdl=Citation&defaultField=Title+Word&term=Animal+models+of+bladder+outlet+obstruction+and+molecular+insights+into+the+basis+for+the+development+of+bladder+dysfunction.">Animal models of bladder outlet obstruction and molecular insights into the basis for the development of bladder dysfunction.</a> Eur. Urol. 32 (Suppl 1), 32-39 (1997).</li><li>Mattiasson, A., Uvelius, B. <a target="_blank" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?db=PubMed&cmd=Search&doptcmdl=Citation&defaultField=Title+Word&term=Changes+in+contractile+properties+in+hypertrophic+rat+urinary+bladder.">Changes in contractile properties in hypertrophic rat urinary bladder.</a> J Urol. 128 (6), 1340-1342 (1982).</li><li>Chang, S., et al. <a target="_blank" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?db=PubMed&cmd=Search&doptcmdl=Citation&defaultField=Title+Word&term=Alteration+of+the+PKC-mediated+signaling+pathway+for+smooth+muscle+contraction+in+obstruction-induced+hypertrophy+of+the+urinary+bladder.">Alteration of the PKC-mediated signaling pathway for smooth muscle contraction in obstruction-induced hypertrophy of the urinary bladder.</a> Lab Invest. 89 (7), 823-832 (2009).</li><li>Moore, J. A., Brading, A. F. <a target="_blank" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?db=PubMed&cmd=Search&doptcmdl=Citation&defaultField=Title+Word&term=A+porcine+model+of+bladder+outlet+obstruction+incorporating+radio-telemetered+cystometry.">A porcine model of bladder outlet obstruction incorporating radio-telemetered cystometry.</a> BJU Int. 100 (5), 1192-1193 (2007).</li><li>Beamon, C. R., Mazar, C., Salkini, M. W., Phull, H. S., Comiter, C. V. <a target="_blank" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?db=PubMed&cmd=Search&doptcmdl=Citation&defaultField=Title+Word&term=The+effect+of+sildenafil+citrate+on+bladder+outlet+obstruction:+a+mouse+model.">The effect of sildenafil citrate on bladder outlet obstruction: a mouse model.</a> BJU Inte. 104 (2), 252-256 (2009).</li><li>Pandita, R. K., Fujiwara, M., Alm, P., Andersson, K. E. <a target="_blank" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?db=PubMed&cmd=Search&doptcmdl=Citation&defaultField=Title+Word&term=Cystometric+evaluation+of+bladder+function+in+non-anesthetized+mice+with+and+without+bladder+outlet+obstruction.">Cystometric evaluation of bladder function in non-anesthetized mice with and without bladder outlet obstruction.</a> J Urol. 164 (4), 1385-1389 (2000).</li><li>Kang, Y. J., et al. <a target="_blank" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?db=PubMed&cmd=Search&doptcmdl=Citation&defaultField=Title+Word&term=Early+Sequential+Changes+in+Bladder+Function+after+Partial+Bladder+Outlet+Obstruction+in+Awake+Sprague-Dawley+Rats:+Focus+on+the+Decompensated+Bladder.">Early Sequential Changes in Bladder Function after Partial Bladder Outlet Obstruction in Awake Sprague-Dawley Rats: Focus on the Decompensated Bladder.</a> Korean J Urol. 52 (12), 835-837 (2011).</li><li>Schroeder, A., et al. <a target="_blank" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?db=PubMed&cmd=Search&doptcmdl=Citation&defaultField=Title+Word&term=Protective+effect+of+an+oral+endothelin+converting+enzyme+inhibitor+on+rat+detrusor+function+after+outlet+obstruction.">Protective effect of an oral endothelin converting enzyme inhibitor on rat detrusor function after outlet obstruction.</a> J Urol. 172 (3), 1171-1174 (2004).</li><li>Sidler, M., Aitken, K., Jiang, J., Bijos, D., B&#228;gli, D. <a target="_blank" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?db=PubMed&cmd=Search&doptcmdl=Citation&defaultField=Title+Word&term="sometimes+a+sham+is+just+a+sham"+-+why+the+rodent+model+of+partial+bladder+outlet+obstruction+needs+adjustment.">"sometimes a sham is just a sham" - why the rodent model of partial bladder outlet obstruction needs adjustment.</a> J Urol. 195 (4), e379 (2016).</li><li>Jin, L. H., et al. <a target="_blank" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?db=PubMed&cmd=Search&doptcmdl=Citation&defaultField=Title+Word&term=Persistent+detrusor+overactivity+in+rats+after+relief+of+partial+urethral+obstruction.">Persistent detrusor overactivity in rats after relief of partial urethral obstruction.</a> Am. J. Physiol. Regul. Integr. Comp. Physiol. 301 (4), R896-R904 (2011).</li></ol>

动物死亡率在许多报告10，11，13 pBOO的传统模式在近端尿道的主要问题，在15％以上的。 NEMO出现时在雌性大鼠施加到具有最小的死亡率。在小鼠近端尿道梗阻在技术上更具挑战性比在大鼠，因而更容易出现并发症。使用26号套管作为我们中间尿道方式的占位符，我们只有最小的动物死亡。在这里我们使用26号插管18...

部分膀胱出口梗阻（pBOO）具有高患病率，并可能导致严重的膀胱功能障碍1;频谱范围从先天畸形如后尿道瓣膜或尿道下裂，在获取的尿道狭窄良性前列腺增生。影响男性六十多年超过30％及以上2后者。大患者的负担，并与相关pBOO巨大的医疗费用担保的大量研究工作投入研究膀胱重塑响应增加流出阻力3。从2006年到2015年，超过220考研收录的论文进行了关于pBOO对膀胱的作用发表。 虽然pBOO动物模型已被设计在若干物种4，大鼠5，兔子6，猪7和谅解备忘录如E 8， 图9，但可以说是最常用的动物模型是经历近端尿道的局部阻塞的雌性大鼠;进入动物的腹部，膀胱外缝合，和解剖膀胱颈周围是不可避免的与这种传统的近端尿道梗阻技术。变异梗阻和动物死亡的程度仅仅是一些与此过程10，11相关联的关注;我们发现，在假手术的动物，围绕近端尿道切开导致，在膀胱颈12的神经纤维损失相关的生理变化。这一调查结果表明，这是最常用的pBOO动物模型，这涉及访问雌性啮齿动物的近端尿道，导致去神经损伤膀胱的相关结构和功能的改变，从而影响假和阻碍动物。因此，需要另一种方法避免去神经损伤。我们的实验室开发并评估了保留神经的中期尿道梗阻（NEMO）的方式，有效地促使膀胱预期梗阻相关的变化，如器官的质量和残余尿增多，而假手术的动物是来自非手术对照组动物没有区别。此外，横纹尿道括约肌仍保持不变，因为它位于靠近夹层的水平。此外，变异在膀胱质量梗阻引起的增加比在传统的近端尿道梗阻显著下和动物死亡率为零。 我们还成功地应用尼莫在雌性小鼠在阻碍动物低于10％的死亡率，而迄今为止描述的所有小鼠模型pBOO用约50％的死亡率相关。在研究小鼠膀胱重塑pBOO的上下文将与applicabil受益转基因修饰的全谱，两者均。 围绕在女性啮齿动物中尿道解剖不诱导在传统的近端梗阻模型中观察到的膀胱不希望的和混杂结构或功能的改变。然而，在中间尿道水平诱导部分阻塞仍引起膀胱肥大和增加的残余尿，从动物模型pBOO预期。重要的是，在小鼠进行尼莫在打开膀胱pBOO以重塑转基因方法，这在较大的啮齿动物几乎无法进行调查。

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			<td height="40" style="height:40px;width:216px;">Female rat&#160;</td>
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			<td style="width:559px;">Sprague Dawley Rat (Crl:SD); Strain Code: 400</td>
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			<td height="40" style="height:40px;width:216px;">C57Bl/6 female mice</td>
			<td style="width:123px;">Charles-River Canada</td>
			<td style="width:559px;">C57BL/6 Mouse (C57BL/6NCrI); Strain Code: 027</td>
			<td style="width:167px;">about 18g</td>
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			<td height="40" style="height:40px;width:216px;">24G angiocath</td>
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</table>

nerve-sparing mid-urethral obstruction (nemo) in female small rodents

部分膀胱出口阻塞（pBOO）患病率高，导致患者重大负担，医疗费用巨大。在pBOO中调查膀胱重塑的最常见的动物模型是在近端尿道部分阻塞的雌性啮齿动物。梗阻程度和动物死亡率的变异性是近端梗阻的主要问题。此外，围绕近端尿道和膀胱颈的解剖危及膀胱神经支配。 我们为pBOO开发了一种神经节省的中尿道梗阻（NeMO）模型，避免了传统模型的缺点。我们靠近耻骨联合的尿道，这消除了在这个区域的剖腹术和解剖的需要;另外，条纹尿道括约肌仍然保持不变。我们在女性Sprague-Dawley大鼠（12个障碍物，6只假动物）以及雌性C57 / bl6小鼠（20个阻塞物）中进行了NeMOS，18只深水动物）。两周后，我们评价膀胱功能，膀胱质量和体重。 我们有obstructed-或假手术雌性大鼠中没有死亡;作为传统的近端pBOO-方法所描述的，我们绑缝合线围绕近端尿道和暂时放置0.9毫米金属棒。 NEMO诱导膀胱质量增加85％后两周，平均残尿量为0.4mL中部分阻塞的大鼠，而只有0.03 mL，在假手术的动物。在小鼠中，我们测试了3种尺寸捆扎缝线当我们沿尿道放置插管。我们发现，使用27号插管导致超过50％的动物的死亡率;放置25号插管没有产生在膀胱质量增加所需的响应;利用26号插管产生具有最小的动物的死亡率（1/8），但在膀胱质量显著增加2倍良好的结果。

在雌性大鼠神经保留中期尿道梗阻（NEMO） 死亡 我们超过40雌性大鼠进行了中期尿道梗阻，到目前为止，并没有死亡。 膀胱质量 平均相对膀胱质量（膀胱到身体质?...

Watch this Scientific Journal Video about Nerve-sparing Mid-urethral Obstruction NeMO in Female Small Rodents at JoVE.com

Nerve-sparing Mid-urethral Obstruction NeMO in Female Small Rodents

在啮齿类动物中局部膀胱出口梗阻的传统的建模是充满动物死亡率。来自各地的近端尿道和膀胱颈淋巴结清扫术一去神经损伤是主要关注的也是。我们制定并评估了安全可靠的中期，尿道梗阻模型，避免了传统模式的不足。

在女小鼠害保留神经的中期尿道梗阻（NEMO）

Partial bladder outlet obstruction (pBOO) has a high prevalence, causes significant patient burden, and immense health care costs. The most common animal ...

Research

JoVE Journal

Medicine

Nerve-sparing Mid-urethral Obstruction (NeMO) in Female Small Rodents

Protocol for Long Duration Whole Body Hyperthermia in Mice

持续时间较长的小鼠全身热疗协议

Hyperthermia is a general term used to define the increase in core body temperature above normal. It is often used to describe the increased core body ...

科研

医学

The Use of Cystometry in Small Rodents: A Study of Bladder Chemosensation

的的膀胱测压小老鼠：A膀胱Chemosensation研究的使用

	The lower urinary tract (LUT) functions as a  dynamic reservoir that is able to store urine and to efficiently expel it at a  convenient time. While ...

Orthotopic Small Bowel Transplantation in Rats

大鼠原位小肠移植

Small  bowel transplantation has become an accepted clinical option for patients with  short gut syndrome and failure of parenteral nutrition ...

Retinal Detachment Model in Rodents by Subretinal Injection of Sodium Hyaluronate

视网膜脱离模型鼠害由透明质酸钠的视网膜下注射

Subretinal injection of sodium hyaluronate is a widely accepted method of inducing retinal detachment (RD). However, the height and duration of RD or the ...

Remote Limb Ischemic Preconditioning:  A Neuroprotective Technique in Rodents

远程肢体缺血预适应：在啮齿动物的保护技术

Sublethal ischemia protects tissues against subsequent, more severe ischemia through the upregulation of endogenous mechanisms in the affected tissue. ...

Performing Subretinal Injections in Rodents to Deliver Retinal Pigment Epithelium Cells in Suspension

视网膜下进行注射的鼠害提供视网膜色素上皮细胞悬浮

The conversion of light into electrical impulses occurs in the outer retina and is accomplished largely by rod and cone photoreceptors and retinal pigment ...

Transcutaneous Assessment of Renal Function in Conscious Rodents

在鼠害自觉肾功能的评估皮

Glomerular filtration rate (GFR) is the gold standard to assess overall kidney function. However, traditional methods to evaluate GFR are cumbersome and ...

Transcanalicular Diode Laser-assisted Dacryocystorhinostomy for the Treatment of Primary Acquired Nasolacrimal Duct Obstruction

Transcanalicular 二极管激光辅助泪囊鼻腔吻合术治疗原发性鼻泪管阻塞

Today&#39;s gold standard in the treatment of infrasaccal primary acquired nasolacrimal duct obstruction (PANDO) is external dacryocystorhinostomy (DCR), ...

Studying Left Ventricular Reverse Remodeling by Aortic Debanding in Rodents

研究左心室反向改造由主动脉脱体在啮齿动物

To better understand the left ventricular (LV) reverse remodeling (RR), we describe a rodent model wherein, after aortic banding-induced LV remodeling, ...

Oxygen-Induced Retinopathy Model for Ischemic Retinal Diseases in Rodents

罗登斯缺血性视网膜疾病的氧诱导视网膜病变模型

One of the commonly used models for ischemic retinopathies is the oxygen-induced retinopathy (OIR) model. Here we describe detailed protocols for the OIR ...