Name: evaluating the effect of environmental chemicals on honey bee development from the individual to colony level
Uploaded: 2017-04-01T14:00:00
Description: Watch this Scientific Journal Video about Evaluating the Effect of Environmental Chemicals on Honey Bee Development from the Individual to Colony Level at JoVE.com

Denne forskningen ble støttet av Grant 105AS-13.2.3-BQ-B1 fra Bureau of Animal og plantehelse inspeksjon og karantene, Rådet for landbruk, konsern Yuan og Grant 103-2313-B-197-002-My3 fra departementet for naturvitenskap og teknologi (MOST).

1. Forberedelser <ol><li> Lag 1 liter 50% sukker sirup. Oppløs 1 kg sukrose i 1 L DDH 2 O. </li><li> Forbered Pyriproxyfen (PPN) oppløsning i Bld. Gjør 1,1 l av 10.000 ppm PPN stamløsning og fortynnet 100 ml PPN oppløsning i 1 liter sterilisert DDH 2 O. Oppbevar ved 4 ° C. </li><li> Fortynn PPN lageroppløsning til sluttkonsentrasjoner på 0,1, 1, 10 og 100 mg / kg (ppm) i BLD for det følgende eksperiment. </li><li> Gjør PPN-sirup (for kolonien nivå). Fortynn PPN lager til sluttkonsentra...

<ol>
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Y. <a target="_blank" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?db=PubMed&cmd=Search&doptcmdl=Citation&defaultField=Title+Word&term=The+impact+of+pyriproxyfen+on+the+development+of+honey+bee+(Apis+mellifera+L.)+colony+in+field.">The impact of pyriproxyfen on the development of honey bee (Apis mellifera L.) colony in field.</a> J. Asia Pac. Entomol. 19 (3), 589-594 (2016).</li><li>Dennehy, T. J., DrGain, B. A., Harpold, V. S., Brink, S. A., Nichols, R. L. <a target="_blank" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?db=PubMed&cmd=Search&doptcmdl=Citation&defaultField=Title+Word&term=.">.</a> Whitefly Resistance to Insecticides in Arizona: 2002 and 2003 Results. , 1926-1938 (2004).</li><li>Yang, E. C., Wu, P. S., Chang, H. C., Chen, Y. 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L. <a target="_blank" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?db=PubMed&cmd=Search&doptcmdl=Citation&defaultField=Title+Word&term=Effects+of+dietary+transgenic+Bt+corn+pollen+on+larvae+of+Apis+mellifera+and+Galleria+mellonella.">Effects of dietary transgenic Bt corn pollen on larvae of Apis mellifera and Galleria mellonella.</a> J. Apicult.Res. 42 (4), 77-81 (2003).</li><li>Kaftanoglu, O., Linksvayer, T. A., Page, R. E. <a target="_blank" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?db=PubMed&cmd=Search&doptcmdl=Citation&defaultField=Title+Word&term=Rearing+honey+bees,+apis+mellifera,+in+vitro+1,+effects+of+sugar+concentrations+on+survival+and+development.">Rearing honey bees, apis mellifera, in vitro 1, effects of sugar concentrations on survival and development.</a> J. Insect Sci. 11 (96), 1-10 (2011).</li><li>Vandenberg, J. D., Shimanuki, H. <a target="_blank" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?db=PubMed&cmd=Search&doptcmdl=Citation&defaultField=Title+Word&term=Technique+for+rearing+worker+honey+bees+in+the+laboratory.">Technique for rearing worker honey bees in the laboratory.</a> J. Apicult. Res. 26 (2), 90-97 (1987).</li><li>Peng, Y. S. C., Mussen, E., Fong, A., Montague, M. A., Tyler, T. <a target="_blank" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?db=PubMed&cmd=Search&doptcmdl=Citation&defaultField=Title+Word&term=Effects+of+chlortetracycline+on+honey+bee+worker+larvae+reared+in+vitro.">Effects of chlortetracycline on honey bee worker larvae reared in vitro.</a> J. Invertebr.Pathol. 60 (2), 127-133 (1992).</li><li>Bitondi, M. M., Mora, I. M., Simoes, Z. L., Figueiredo, V. L. <a target="_blank" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?db=PubMed&cmd=Search&doptcmdl=Citation&defaultField=Title+Word&term=The+Apis+mellifera+pupal+melanization+program+is+affected+by+treatment+with+a+juvenile+hormone+analogue.">The Apis mellifera pupal melanization program is affected by treatment with a juvenile hormone analogue.</a> J. Insect Physiol. 44 (5-6), 499-507 (1998).</li><li>Zufelato, M. S., Bitondi, M. M., Simoes, Z. L., Hartfelder, K. <a target="_blank" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?db=PubMed&cmd=Search&doptcmdl=Citation&defaultField=Title+Word&term=The+juvenile+hormone+analog+pyriproxyfen+affects+ecdysteroid-dependent+cuticle+melanization+and+shifts+the+pupal+ecdysteroid+peak+in+the+honey+bee+(Apis+mellifera).">The juvenile hormone analog pyriproxyfen affects ecdysteroid-dependent cuticle melanization and shifts the pupal ecdysteroid peak in the honey bee (Apis mellifera).</a> Arthropod Struct. Dev. 29 (2), 111-119 (2000).</li><li>Santos, A. E., Bitondi, M. M., Simoes, Z. L. <a target="_blank" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?db=PubMed&cmd=Search&doptcmdl=Citation&defaultField=Title+Word&term=Hormone-dependent+protein+patterns+in+integument+and+cuticular+pigmentation+in+Apis+mellifera+during+pharate+adult+development.">Hormone-dependent protein patterns in integument and cuticular pigmentation in Apis mellifera during pharate adult development.</a> J. Insect Physiol. 47 (11), 1275-1282 (2001).</li><li>Brouwers, E. V. M. <a target="_blank" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?db=PubMed&cmd=Search&doptcmdl=Citation&defaultField=Title+Word&term=Glucose/Fructose+ratio+in+the+food+of+honeybee+larvae+during+caste+differentiation.">Glucose/Fructose ratio in the food of honeybee larvae during caste differentiation.</a> J. Apicult.Res. 23 (2), 94-101 (1984).</li><li>Howe, S. R., Dimick, P. S., Benton, A. 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Den Queen begrensede egg-leggende metode og dronning-utskiftingsmetode er kritiske trinn for å sette opp honningbie grupper for felttesting innen denne protokollen. Den Queen begrensede egg-leggende metode muliggjør synkronisering av livssyklusen til honningbier. Dermed kan forskerne velge en dag gamle larver på samme alder for behandling med forskjellige doser av plantevernmidler. For dronning-utskiftingsmetode ble dronning utvekslet mellom del A (4 rammer) og B (5 frames) for å oppnå forskjellige utviklingsstadie...

Tilstedeværelsen av plantevernmidler i miljøet er en av de mest alvorlige problemer som påvirker livet til en honningbie en, to, tre. Flere studier har demonstrert den felles nærvær av preparatet rester i honningbie kolonier og bier. I Taiwan, gjennomsnittlig bruk av plantevernmidler var 11-12 kg / ha hvert år (2005-2013). Mengden av plantevernmidler som brukes i Taiwan er høyere enn EU-landene, og de latinamerikanske landene 4, 5. Med andre ord, er apicultural miljøet lider alvorlig plantevernmiddel stress, spesielt i Taiwan og muligens i andre land. Honey Bee Apis mellifera er en av de store pollinatorer i jordbrukssystemer 6 og det gir også verdifulle produkter som honning. Men honningbier er exposed til ulike plantevernmidler og disse plantevernmidler kan bringes tilbake til bikuber etter beite på blomster som har blitt sprayet med plantevernmidler ved innsamling nektar og pollen 7, 8. De kan også bli utsatt for plantevernmidler av birøktere seg som mål å kontrollere skadedyr inne i elveblest 9, 10, 11. Fordi honningbie larvene blir matet av sykepleier bier for deres utvikling, larver, droner og til og med dronning kan bli eksponert for disse plantevernmiddel-forurenset nektar og pollen 12. Giftigheten av ulike plantevernmidler til honningbier må tas opp 13. Mange forsøk har vært gjort for å vurdere spørsmål om miljøsprøytemiddelrester. Yang et al. testet påvirkning av nevrotoksiske insektmiddel imidakloprid på utvikling av honningbie larver ibikube og rapporterte at en sub-letal dose av imidakloprid resulterte i olfaktorisk assosiativ oppførsel av voksen bier 14. Også Urlacher et al. undersøkte subletale effekter av en organophosphate plantevernmiddel, chlorpyrifos, på en honningbie arbeidstaker læring ytelse under laboratorieforhold 15. I vår forrige undersøkelse, vurderte vi effekten av et insekt vekst regulator (IGR), pyriproksyfen (PPN), på larvehonningbier 16. I denne artikkelen presenterer vi metoder for å vurdere de kjemiske virkninger på utviklingen av honningbier. Honningbie foringsmetoder er beskrevet og anvendt for å enten individuelle honningbier eller til en koloni. Til å begynne med ble det undersøkt forskjellige konsentrasjoner av pesticid-forurenset basislarve diett (F, L) på larver i koloniene for å evaluere virkningen av preparatet på individuelle honningbier in vivo. Vi fortsatte deretter å simulere den naturlige Conditioner av pesticidet ved anvendelse av plantevernmiddel-forurenset sirup i bikuber. I denne metoden, vil PPN, som er mye brukt mot skadeinsekter 17 og er skadelige for utvikling av honningbie larver og pupper 16, 18, 19, være en indikator for å representere den negative effekten av preparatet i felten.

<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" width="887">
	<tbody>
		<tr height="22">
			<td height="22" style="height:22px;width:193px;">Honey bee box</td>
			<td style="width:243px;">SAN-YI Honey Factory</td>
			<td style="width:155px;">W1266</td>
			<td style="width:297px;">Honeybees rearing</td>
		</tr>
		<tr height="42">
			<td height="42" style="height:42px;width:193px;">Queen excluder (between frames)</td>
			<td style="width:243px;">SAN-YI Honey Factory</td>
			<td style="width:155px;">I1575</td>
			<td style="width:297px;">Queen limitation&#160;</td>
		</tr>
		<tr height="23">
			<td height="23" style="height:23px;width:193px;">Queen excluder (on top )</td>
			<td style="width:243px;">SAN-YI Honey Factory</td>
			<td style="width:155px;">I1566</td>
			<td style="width:297px;">Queen limitation on top&#160;</td>
		</tr>
		<tr height="23">
			<td height="23" style="height:23px;width:193px;">Bee brush</td>
			<td style="width:243px;">SAN-YI Honey Factory, Taiwan</td>
			<td>W1414</td>
			<td style="width:297px;">clean the bees on frame gently</td>
		</tr>
		<tr height="18">
			<td height="18" style="height:18px;width:193px;">Bee feeder</td>
			<td style="width:243px;">SAN-YI Honey Factory, Taiwan</td>
			<td>P0219</td>
			<td style="width:297px;">feed sugar syrup to colony</td>
		</tr>
		<tr height="63">
			<td height="63" style="height:63px;">Transparent slide</td>
			<td style="width:243px;">Wan-Shih-Chei, Taiwan (http://www.mbsc.com.tw/a01goods.asp?s_id=40)</td>
			<td>1139</td>
			<td style="width:297px;">Mark the larval area on the frames (Material: Polyethylene Terephthalate, PET) (Size= Length*Width*thick= 29.7mm*21mm*0.1mm)</td>
		</tr>
		<tr height="42">
			<td height="42" style="height:42px;width:193px;">24 well tissu culture plate</td>
			<td style="width:243px;">Guangzhou Jet Bio-Filtration Co., Ltd</td>
			<td style="width:155px;">TCP011024</td>
			<td style="width:297px;">Rearing pupae from extraction</td>
		</tr>
		<tr height="42">
			<td height="42" style="height:42px;width:193px;">Autoclave</td>
			<td style="width:243px;">Tomin medical equipmenco., LTD.</td>
			<td style="width:155px;">TM-321</td>
			<td style="width:297px;">Make sterilized distilled deionized water (ddH2O)</td>
		</tr>
		<tr height="21">
			<td height="21" style="height:21px;width:193px;">P20 pipetman</td>
			<td style="width:243px;">Gilson</td>
			<td style="width:155px;">F123600</td>
			<td style="width:297px;">Add PPN into bee larval food pool</td>
		</tr>
		<tr height="25">
			<td height="25" style="height:25px;width:193px;">Incubator&#160;</td>
			<td style="width:243px;">Yihder Co., Ltd.</td>
			<td style="width:155px;">LE-550RD</td>
			<td style="width:297px;">Rearing pupae from extraction</td>
		</tr>
		<tr height="23">
			<td height="23" style="height:23px;width:193px;">Kimwipes</td>
			<td style="width:243px;">COW LUNG INSTRUMENT CO., LTD</td>
			<td style="width:155px;">KCS34155</td>
			<td style="width:297px;">Rearing pupae from extraction</td>
		</tr>
		<tr height="22">
			<td height="22" style="height:22px;width:193px;">Royal jelly</td>
			<td style="width:243px;">National Ilan University (NIU)</td>
			<td style="width:155px;">NIU</td>
			<td style="width:297px;">Make basic larval diet (BLD)</td>
		</tr>
		<tr height="21">
			<td height="21" style="height:21px;width:193px;">D-(+)-Glucose</td>
			<td style="width:243px;">Sigma</td>
			<td style="width:155px;">G8270</td>
			<td style="width:297px;">Make basic larval diet (BLD)</td>
		</tr>
		<tr height="21">
			<td height="21" style="height:21px;width:193px;">D-(-)-Fructose</td>
			<td style="width:243px;">Sigma</td>
			<td style="width:155px;">F0127</td>
			<td style="width:297px;">Make basic larval diet (BLD)</td>
		</tr>
		<tr height="42">
			<td height="42" style="height:42px;width:193px;">Yeast extract</td>
			<td style="width:243px;">CONDA, pronadisa</td>
			<td style="width:155px;">1702</td>
			<td style="width:297px;">Make basic larval diet (BLD)</td>
		</tr>
		<tr height="21">
			<td height="21" style="height:21px;width:193px;">Sucrose</td>
			<td style="width:243px;">Taiwan sugar coporation</td>
			<td style="width:155px;">E01071010</td>
			<td style="width:297px;">Make sugar syrup for bee food</td>
		</tr>
		<tr height="42">
			<td height="42" style="height:42px;width:193px;">Pyriproxyfen (11%)</td>
			<td style="width:243px;">LIH-NUNG CHEMICAL CO.. LTD.</td>
			<td style="width:155px;">Registration No. 1937</td>
			<td style="width:297px;">Insect growth regulator (IGR) used in the experiment</td>
		</tr>
	</tbody>
</table>

evaluating the effect of environmental chemicals on honey bee development from the individual to colony level

The presence of pesticides in the beekeeping environment is one of the most serious problems that impacts the life of a honey bee. Pesticides can be brought back to the beehive after the bees have foraged on flowers that have been sprayed with pesticides. Pesticide contaminated food can be exchanged between workers which then feed larvae and therefore can potentially affect the development of honey bees. Thus, residual pesticides in the environment can become a chronic damaging factor to honey bee populations and gradually lead to colony collapse. In the presented protocol, honey bee feeding methods are described and applied to either an individual honey bee or to a colony. Here, the insect growth regulator (IGR) pyriproxyfen (PPN), which is widely used to control pest insects and is harmful to the development of honey bee larvae and pupae, is used as the pesticide. The presenting procedure can be applied to other potentially harmful chemicals or honeybee pathogens for further studies.

For Honey Bee felttest ble en dronning begrenset til 4-rammeseksjon for å legge egg. Dette trinnet kan øke stam tetthet i en ramme og lette etterfølgende observasjoner. Hver behandling ble merket, og honningbier utvikling ble klart observert gjennom et gjennomsiktig lysbilde. In vivo tilførsel av PPN-BLD til honningbie larver i bikuben ble utført for å nøyaktig evaluere påvirkningen av PPN på utviklingen av honningbier i kolonien. Ved hjelp av in vivo forings m...

Watch this Scientific Journal Video about Evaluating the Effect of Environmental Chemicals on Honey Bee Development from the Individual to Colony Level at JoVE.com

Evaluating the Effect of Environmental Chemicals on Honey Bee Development from the Individual to Colony Level

Heri vi presentere en metode for å mate plantevernmidler forurenset mat til både en individuell honningbie og en bikube koloni. Fremgangsmåten evaluerer pesticid virkning på individuelle honningbier ved in vivo tilførsel av basisk larve diett og også på den naturlige tilstand av bikube koloni.

Evaluere effekten av miljø Kjemikalier på Honey Bee utvikling fra den enkelte til Colony nivå

The presence of pesticides in the beekeeping environment is one of the most serious problems that impacts the life of a honey bee. Pesticides can be ...

Research

JoVE Journal

Environment

Automated Gel Size Selection to Improve the Quality of Next-generation Sequencing Libraries Prepared from Environmental Water Samples

Automatisert Gel Størrelse Selection å forbedre kvaliteten på Neste-generasjons Sekvense Biblioteker Forberedt fra miljø vannprøver

Next-generation sequencing of environmental samples can be challenging because of the variable DNA quantity and quality in these samples. High quality DNA ...

Exploring the Effects of Atmospheric Forcings on Evaporation: Experimental Integration of the Atmospheric Boundary Layer and Shallow Subsurface

Utforsker effekten av atmosfærisk pådriv på Fordamping: Experimental Integrasjon av Atmospheric Boundary Layer og Shallow Subsurface

Evaporation is directly influenced by the interactions between the atmosphere, land surface and soil subsurface. This work aims to experimentally study ...

Removal of Trace Elements by Cupric Oxide Nanoparticles from Uranium In Situ Recovery Bleed Water and Its Effect on Cell Viability

Removal of Trace Elements by Cupric Oxide Nanoparticles from Uranium In Situ Recovery Bleed Water and Its Effect on Cell Viability

Fjerning av Trace Elements av Cupric Oxide Nanopartikler fra Uran<em&gt; In Situ</em&gt; Recovery Bleed Vann og dens effekt på Cell Livskraftig

In situ recovery (ISR) is the predominant method of uranium extraction in the United States. During ISR, uranium is leached from an ore body and extracted ...

A Flow-through Exposure System for Evaluating Suspended Sediments Effects on Aquatic Life

En Gjennomstrømning Eksponering system for evaluering suspenderte sedimenter effekter på akvatisk liv

This paper describes the Fish Larvae and Egg Exposure System (FLEES). The flow-through exposure system is used to investigate the effects of suspended ...

Extraction of Organochlorine Pesticides from Plastic Pellets and Plastic Type Analysis

Ekstraksjon av organisk klorpesticider fra plastpellets og plasttypeanalyse

Plastic resin pellets, categorized as microplastics (&#8804;5 mm in diameter), are small granules that can be unintentionally released to the environment ...

Preparation of DMMTAV and DMDTAV Using DMAV for Environmental Applications: Synthesis, Purification, and Confirmation

Preparation of DMMTAV and DMDTAV Using DMAV for Environmental Applications: Synthesis, Purification, and Confirmation

Utarbeidelse av DMMTAV og DMDTAV bruker DMAV for miljømessige programmer: syntese, rensing og bekreftelse

Dimethylated thioarsenicals such as dimethylmonothioarsinic acid (DMMTAV) and dimethyldithioarsinic acid (DMDTAV), which are produced by the metabolic ...

The Effect of the Application of Thyme Essential Oil on Microbial Load During Meat Drying

Effekten av anvendelsen av timian essensielle oljen på mikrobiell belastning under kjøtt tørking

Meat is a high protein meal that is used in the preparation of jerky, a popular food snack, where preservation and safety are important. To assure food ...

Protocol for Acute and Chronic Ecotoxicity Testing of the Turquoise Killifish Nothobranchius furzeri

Protocol for Acute and Chronic Ecotoxicity Testing of the Turquoise Killifish Nothobranchius furzeri

Protokoll for akutt og kronisk Forurenset emballasje Testing av turkis Killifish Nothobranchius furzeri

The killifish Nothobranchius furzeri is an emerging model organism in the field of ecotoxicology and its applicability in acute and chronic ecotoxicity ...

Measuring Hypopharyngeal Gland Acinus Size in Honey Bee (Apis mellifera) Workers

Measuring Hypopharyngeal Gland Acinus Size in Honey Bee Apis mellifera Workers

Måle Hypopharyngeal kjertel Acinus størrelse i honningbie (APIene mellifera) arbeidere

The nurse hypopharyngeal glands produce the protein fraction of the worker and royal jelly that is fed to developing larvae and queens. These paired ...

Composition and Distribution Analysis of Bioaerosols Under Different Environmental Conditions

Sammensetning og distribusjon analyse av Bioaerosols Under ulike miljøforhold

Variable microorganisms in particulate matter (PM) under different environmental conditions may have significant impacts on human health. In this study, ...