Name: evaluating the effect of environmental chemicals on honey bee development from the individual to colony level
Uploaded: 2017-04-01T14:00:00
Description: Watch this Scientific Journal Video about Evaluating the Effect of Environmental Chemicals on Honey Bee Development from the Individual to Colony Level at JoVE.com

Denna forskning stöddes av Grant 105AS-13.2.3-BQ-B1 från Bureau of Animal och växtskydd inspektion och karantän, rådet för jordbruk, Executive Yuan och Grant 103-2313-B-197-002-My3 från ministeriet för vetenskap och teknologi (MOST).

1. Preparat <ol><li> Göra ett L av 50% sockersirap. Lös upp 1 kg sackaros i 1 L ddHaO 2 O. </li><li> Förbereda pyriproxifen (PPN) lösning i BLD. Göra 1,1 L av 10 tusen ppm PPN stamlösning och späd 100 ml PPN-lösning i 1 L steriliseras DDH 2 O. Lagra vid 4 ° C. </li><li> Utspäda PPN stamlösning till slutliga koncentrationer av 0,1, 1, 10 och 100 mg / kg (ppm) i BLD för följande experiment. </li><li> Gör PPN-sirap (för kolonin nivå). Utspäda PPN lager till slutkoncentrationer av 10...

<ol>
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Entomol. 99 (2), 253-262 (2006).</li><li>Bonzini, S., Tremolada, P., Bernardinelli, I., Colombo, M., Vighi, M. <a target="_blank" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?db=PubMed&cmd=Search&doptcmdl=Citation&defaultField=Title+Word&term=Predicting+pesticide+fate+in+the+hive+(part+1),+experimentally+determined+&#964;-fluvalinate+residues+in+bees,+honey+and+wax.">Predicting pesticide fate in the hive (part 1), experimentally determined &#964;-fluvalinate residues in bees, honey and wax.</a> Apidologie. 42 (3), 378 (2011).</li><li>Sanchez-Bayo, F., Goka, K. <a target="_blank" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?db=PubMed&cmd=Search&doptcmdl=Citation&defaultField=Title+Word&term=Pesticide+residues+and+bees-a+risk+assessment.">Pesticide residues and bees-a risk assessment.</a> PLoS One. 9 (4), e94482 (2014).</li><li>Johnson, R. M., Ellis, M. D., Mullin, C. 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Y. <a target="_blank" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?db=PubMed&cmd=Search&doptcmdl=Citation&defaultField=Title+Word&term=The+impact+of+pyriproxyfen+on+the+development+of+honey+bee+(Apis+mellifera+L.)+colony+in+field.">The impact of pyriproxyfen on the development of honey bee (Apis mellifera L.) colony in field.</a> J. Asia Pac. Entomol. 19 (3), 589-594 (2016).</li><li>Dennehy, T. J., DrGain, B. A., Harpold, V. S., Brink, S. A., Nichols, R. L. <a target="_blank" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?db=PubMed&cmd=Search&doptcmdl=Citation&defaultField=Title+Word&term=.">.</a> Whitefly Resistance to Insecticides in Arizona: 2002 and 2003 Results. , 1926-1938 (2004).</li><li>Yang, E. C., Wu, P. S., Chang, H. C., Chen, Y. 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Drottningen begränsade äggläggande metod och drottning utbytesmetod är kritiska steg för att ställa in honungsbiet grupper för fälttester inom detta protokoll. Drottningen begränsade äggläggande metod tillåter synkronisering av livscykeln för honungsbin. Följaktligen kan forskarna välja en dag gamla larver i samma ålder för behandling med olika doser av bekämpningsmedel. För drottningen-utbytesmetoden, var drottningen utbyts mellan del A (4 ramar) och B (5 ramar) för att erhålla olika utvecklingssta...

Förekomsten av bekämpningsmedel i miljön är en av de allvarligaste problemen som påverkar livet för en honungsbiet 1, 2, 3. Flera studier har visat den gemensamma närvaron av bekämpningsmedelsrester i honung bisamhällen och biprodukter. I Taiwan, den genomsnittliga spridning av bekämpningsmedel var 11-12 kg / ha varje år (2005-2013). Mängden bekämpningsmedel som används i Taiwan är högre än EU-länderna och de latinamerikanska länderna 4, 5. Med andra ord är biodling miljön allvarlig påfrestning bekämpningsmedel, särskilt i Taiwan och eventuellt i andra länder. Honungsbiet Apis mellifera är en av de stora pollinatörer i jordbrukssystem 6 och producerar också värdefulla produkter såsom honung. Men honungsbin är mässored olika bekämpningsmedel och dessa bekämpningsmedel kan föras tillbaka till bikupor efter föda på blommor som har besprutas med bekämpningsmedel vid insamling nektar och pollen 7, 8. De kan också utsättas för bekämpningsmedel av biodlarna själva som syftar till att kontrollera skadedjursproblem inne i kuporna 9, 10, 11. Eftersom honungsbi larver matas av sjuksköterska bin för deras utvecklings, larver, drönare och även drottningen kan exponeras för dessa bekämpningsmedelsförorenade nektar och pollen 12. Giftigheten hos olika bekämpningsmedel honungsbin måste åtgärdas 13. Många ansträngningar har gjorts för att utvärdera frågor om miljöbekämpningsmedelsrester. Yang et al. testade påverkan av neurotoxiska insekts imidakloprid på utvecklingen av honungsbiet larver ibikupa och rapporterade att en sub-letal dos av imidakloprid resulterade i olfactory associativa beteende av de vuxna bin 14. Också, Urlacher et al. sökte subletala effekterna av en organophosphatebekämpningsmedel, klorpyrifos, på en honungsbiet arbetare lärande prestanda under laboratorieförhållanden 15. I vår tidigare studie utvärderade vi effekterna av en insekt tillväxtregulator (IGR), pyriproxifen (PPN) på larv honungsbin 16. I detta dokument presenterar vi metoder för utvärdering av kemiska effekter på utvecklingen av honungsbin. Honung bee matningsmetoder beskrevs och applicerades på antingen enskilda honungsbin eller till en koloni. Först testade vi olika koncentrationer av pesticid-kontaminerade grundlarv diet (FLM) på larver i kolonierna för att utvärdera effekterna av pesticiden på individuella honungsbin in vivo. Vi fortsatte sedan för att simulera den naturliga conditjoner av pesticiden genom att använda bekämpningsmedel förorenade sirap inom bikupor. I denna metod, kommer PPN, som ofta används mot skadeinsekter 17 och är skadligt för utvecklingen av honungsbiet larver och puppor 16, 18, 19, vara en indikator för att representera den negativa effekten av pesticiden i fält.

<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" width="887">
	<tbody>
		<tr height="22">
			<td height="22" style="height:22px;width:193px;">Honey bee box</td>
			<td style="width:243px;">SAN-YI Honey Factory</td>
			<td style="width:155px;">W1266</td>
			<td style="width:297px;">Honeybees rearing</td>
		</tr>
		<tr height="42">
			<td height="42" style="height:42px;width:193px;">Queen excluder (between frames)</td>
			<td style="width:243px;">SAN-YI Honey Factory</td>
			<td style="width:155px;">I1575</td>
			<td style="width:297px;">Queen limitation&#160;</td>
		</tr>
		<tr height="23">
			<td height="23" style="height:23px;width:193px;">Queen excluder (on top )</td>
			<td style="width:243px;">SAN-YI Honey Factory</td>
			<td style="width:155px;">I1566</td>
			<td style="width:297px;">Queen limitation on top&#160;</td>
		</tr>
		<tr height="23">
			<td height="23" style="height:23px;width:193px;">Bee brush</td>
			<td style="width:243px;">SAN-YI Honey Factory, Taiwan</td>
			<td>W1414</td>
			<td style="width:297px;">clean the bees on frame gently</td>
		</tr>
		<tr height="18">
			<td height="18" style="height:18px;width:193px;">Bee feeder</td>
			<td style="width:243px;">SAN-YI Honey Factory, Taiwan</td>
			<td>P0219</td>
			<td style="width:297px;">feed sugar syrup to colony</td>
		</tr>
		<tr height="63">
			<td height="63" style="height:63px;">Transparent slide</td>
			<td style="width:243px;">Wan-Shih-Chei, Taiwan (http://www.mbsc.com.tw/a01goods.asp?s_id=40)</td>
			<td>1139</td>
			<td style="width:297px;">Mark the larval area on the frames (Material: Polyethylene Terephthalate, PET) (Size= Length*Width*thick= 29.7mm*21mm*0.1mm)</td>
		</tr>
		<tr height="42">
			<td height="42" style="height:42px;width:193px;">24 well tissu culture plate</td>
			<td style="width:243px;">Guangzhou Jet Bio-Filtration Co., Ltd</td>
			<td style="width:155px;">TCP011024</td>
			<td style="width:297px;">Rearing pupae from extraction</td>
		</tr>
		<tr height="42">
			<td height="42" style="height:42px;width:193px;">Autoclave</td>
			<td style="width:243px;">Tomin medical equipmenco., LTD.</td>
			<td style="width:155px;">TM-321</td>
			<td style="width:297px;">Make sterilized distilled deionized water (ddH2O)</td>
		</tr>
		<tr height="21">
			<td height="21" style="height:21px;width:193px;">P20 pipetman</td>
			<td style="width:243px;">Gilson</td>
			<td style="width:155px;">F123600</td>
			<td style="width:297px;">Add PPN into bee larval food pool</td>
		</tr>
		<tr height="25">
			<td height="25" style="height:25px;width:193px;">Incubator&#160;</td>
			<td style="width:243px;">Yihder Co., Ltd.</td>
			<td style="width:155px;">LE-550RD</td>
			<td style="width:297px;">Rearing pupae from extraction</td>
		</tr>
		<tr height="23">
			<td height="23" style="height:23px;width:193px;">Kimwipes</td>
			<td style="width:243px;">COW LUNG INSTRUMENT CO., LTD</td>
			<td style="width:155px;">KCS34155</td>
			<td style="width:297px;">Rearing pupae from extraction</td>
		</tr>
		<tr height="22">
			<td height="22" style="height:22px;width:193px;">Royal jelly</td>
			<td style="width:243px;">National Ilan University (NIU)</td>
			<td style="width:155px;">NIU</td>
			<td style="width:297px;">Make basic larval diet (BLD)</td>
		</tr>
		<tr height="21">
			<td height="21" style="height:21px;width:193px;">D-(+)-Glucose</td>
			<td style="width:243px;">Sigma</td>
			<td style="width:155px;">G8270</td>
			<td style="width:297px;">Make basic larval diet (BLD)</td>
		</tr>
		<tr height="21">
			<td height="21" style="height:21px;width:193px;">D-(-)-Fructose</td>
			<td style="width:243px;">Sigma</td>
			<td style="width:155px;">F0127</td>
			<td style="width:297px;">Make basic larval diet (BLD)</td>
		</tr>
		<tr height="42">
			<td height="42" style="height:42px;width:193px;">Yeast extract</td>
			<td style="width:243px;">CONDA, pronadisa</td>
			<td style="width:155px;">1702</td>
			<td style="width:297px;">Make basic larval diet (BLD)</td>
		</tr>
		<tr height="21">
			<td height="21" style="height:21px;width:193px;">Sucrose</td>
			<td style="width:243px;">Taiwan sugar coporation</td>
			<td style="width:155px;">E01071010</td>
			<td style="width:297px;">Make sugar syrup for bee food</td>
		</tr>
		<tr height="42">
			<td height="42" style="height:42px;width:193px;">Pyriproxyfen (11%)</td>
			<td style="width:243px;">LIH-NUNG CHEMICAL CO.. LTD.</td>
			<td style="width:155px;">Registration No. 1937</td>
			<td style="width:297px;">Insect growth regulator (IGR) used in the experiment</td>
		</tr>
	</tbody>
</table>

evaluating the effect of environmental chemicals on honey bee development from the individual to colony level

The presence of pesticides in the beekeeping environment is one of the most serious problems that impacts the life of a honey bee. Pesticides can be brought back to the beehive after the bees have foraged on flowers that have been sprayed with pesticides. Pesticide contaminated food can be exchanged between workers which then feed larvae and therefore can potentially affect the development of honey bees. Thus, residual pesticides in the environment can become a chronic damaging factor to honey bee populations and gradually lead to colony collapse. In the presented protocol, honey bee feeding methods are described and applied to either an individual honey bee or to a colony. Here, the insect growth regulator (IGR) pyriproxyfen (PPN), which is widely used to control pest insects and is harmful to the development of honey bee larvae and pupae, is used as the pesticide. The presenting procedure can be applied to other potentially harmful chemicals or honeybee pathogens for further studies.

För honungsbiet fälttest, var en drottning begränsad till 4-ramsektion för att lägga ägg. Detta steg skulle kunna öka yngeltätheten i en ram och underlätta efterföljande observationer. Varje behandling var märkt och honungsbin utveckling klart observeras genom en transparent bild. In vivo utfodring av PPN-BLD till honungsbiet larver i bikupan utfördes exakt utvärdera inverkan av PPN på utvecklingen av honungsbin i kolonin. Med användning av in vivo utfodr...

Watch this Scientific Journal Video about Evaluating the Effect of Environmental Chemicals on Honey Bee Development from the Individual to Colony Level at JoVE.com

Evaluating the Effect of Environmental Chemicals on Honey Bee Development from the Individual to Colony Level

Häri presenterar vi ett förfarande för att mata pesticid förorenad mat till både en individuell honungsbiet och en bikupa koloni. Proceduren utvärderar bekämpningsmedlet effekt på enskilda honungsbin genom in vivo matning av grundläggande larv diet och även på det naturliga tillståndet av bikupa koloni.

Utvärdera effekten av kemikalier i miljön på Honey Bee utveckling från individen till Colony nivå

The presence of pesticides in the beekeeping environment is one of the most serious problems that impacts the life of a honey bee. Pesticides can be ...

Research

JoVE Journal

Environment

Automated Gel Size Selection to Improve the Quality of Next-generation Sequencing Libraries Prepared from Environmental Water Samples

Automatiserad Gel Storlek Val för att förbättra kvaliteten på nästa generations sekvensering bibliotek Framställd från Miljö vattenprov

Next-generation sequencing of environmental samples can be challenging because of the variable DNA quantity and quality in these samples. High quality DNA ...

Exploring the Effects of Atmospheric Forcings on Evaporation: Experimental Integration of the Atmospheric Boundary Layer and Shallow Subsurface

Utforska effekterna av luft Forcings på avdunstning: Experimentell Integrering av atmosfäriska gränsskiktet och Grunt Subsurface

Evaporation is directly influenced by the interactions between the atmosphere, land surface and soil subsurface. This work aims to experimentally study ...

Removal of Trace Elements by Cupric Oxide Nanoparticles from Uranium In Situ Recovery Bleed Water and Its Effect on Cell Viability

Removal of Trace Elements by Cupric Oxide Nanoparticles from Uranium In Situ Recovery Bleed Water and Its Effect on Cell Viability

Borttagning av spårämnen av kopparoxid nanopartiklar från uran<em&gt; In Situ</em&gt; Återställning Bleed Vatten och dess effekt på cellviabilitet

In situ recovery (ISR) is the predominant method of uranium extraction in the United States. During ISR, uranium is leached from an ore body and extracted ...

A Flow-through Exposure System for Evaluating Suspended Sediments Effects on Aquatic Life

En genomströmningsExponerings system för att utvärdera suspenderat sediment Effekter på Vatten- liv

This paper describes the Fish Larvae and Egg Exposure System (FLEES). The flow-through exposure system is used to investigate the effects of suspended ...

Extraction of Organochlorine Pesticides from Plastic Pellets and Plastic Type Analysis

Extraktion av organiska klorpesticider från plastpellets och plasttypsanalys

Plastic resin pellets, categorized as microplastics (&#8804;5 mm in diameter), are small granules that can be unintentionally released to the environment ...

Preparation of DMMTAV and DMDTAV Using DMAV for Environmental Applications: Synthesis, Purification, and Confirmation

Preparation of DMMTAV and DMDTAV Using DMAV for Environmental Applications: Synthesis, Purification, and Confirmation

Beredning av DMMTAV och DMDTAV med DMAV för miljötillämpningar: syntes, rening och bekräftelse

Dimethylated thioarsenicals such as dimethylmonothioarsinic acid (DMMTAV) and dimethyldithioarsinic acid (DMDTAV), which are produced by the metabolic ...

The Effect of the Application of Thyme Essential Oil on Microbial Load During Meat Drying

Effekten av tillämpningen av Timjan eterisk olja på mikrobiell belastning under kött torkning

Meat is a high protein meal that is used in the preparation of jerky, a popular food snack, where preservation and safety are important. To assure food ...

Protocol for Acute and Chronic Ecotoxicity Testing of the Turquoise Killifish Nothobranchius furzeri

Protocol for Acute and Chronic Ecotoxicity Testing of the Turquoise Killifish Nothobranchius furzeri

Protokoll för akut och kronisk ekotoxicitet testning av den turkos Killifish Nothobranchius furzeri

The killifish Nothobranchius furzeri is an emerging model organism in the field of ecotoxicology and its applicability in acute and chronic ecotoxicity ...

Measuring Hypopharyngeal Gland Acinus Size in Honey Bee (Apis mellifera) Workers

Measuring Hypopharyngeal Gland Acinus Size in Honey Bee Apis mellifera Workers

Mäta Hypopharyngeal körtel Acinus storlek i honungsbiet (Apis mellifera) arbetstagare

The nurse hypopharyngeal glands produce the protein fraction of the worker and royal jelly that is fed to developing larvae and queens. These paired ...

Composition and Distribution Analysis of Bioaerosols Under Different Environmental Conditions

Sammansättning och Distribution analys av bioaerosoler Under olika miljöförhållanden

Variable microorganisms in particulate matter (PM) under different environmental conditions may have significant impacts on human health. In this study, ...