Name: methods to study epithelial transport protein function and expression in native intestine and caco-2 cells grown in 3d
Uploaded: 2017-03-16T13:00:00
Description: Watch this Scientific Journal Video about Methods to Study Epithelial Transport Protein Function and Expression in Native Intestine and Caco-2 Cells Grown in 3D at JoVE.com

We thank Mr. Christopher Manzella, MD/PhD student in the RKG laboratory, for helping to edit and proofread our manuscript.

1.的Caco-2的三维培养系统肠道转运的研究：成长3D的Caco-2细胞上一种胶状蛋白质混合物<ol><li>解冻生长因子减少胶状蛋白质混合物在冰上8小时（或O / N）在4℃下。一旦解冻，使1毫升或500微升等分试样在-20℃，供以后使用使用或存储。 </li><li>在培养当天，预冷在冰上培养板（用于RNA和蛋白质的提取）或室载玻片（用于免疫染色）。添加胶状蛋白质混合物的30μL到八孔腔-载玻片（或每一个6孔板的孔...

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作为极化上皮单层以研究肠运输10，11，12，13，14，15的完全分化的Caco-2细胞单层已被广泛使用。然而，以模仿肠上皮细胞的生理组织，出现了在3D一个的Caco-2文化的发展相当大的兴趣。若干三维细胞培养模型为肠上皮细胞的近来已经开发出模拟天然?...

A correction was made to the Authors section in: <a href="http://www.jove.com/video/55304">Methods to Study Epithelial Transport Protein Function and Expression in Native Intestine and Caco-2 Cells Grown in 3D</a>.
One of the authors&#39; names was corrected from:
Arivarasu N. Anabazhagan
to:
Arivarasu N. Anbazhagan

A correction was made to the Authors section in: <a href="http://www.jove.com/video/55304">Methods to Study Epithelial Transport Protein Function and Expression in Native Intestine and Caco-2 Cells Grown in 3D</a>.

Erratum: Methods to Study Epithelial Transport Protein Function and Expression in Native Intestine and Caco-2 Cells Grown in 3D

肠上皮配有各种转运蛋白执行许多功能，从营养物质，电解质的吸收（频道，ATP酶，共转运和交换器），和药物的流体分泌和离子在管腔。转运蛋白产生电化学梯度允许在矢量方式的离子或分子的运动。这是通过在极化上皮细胞的顶和底外侧膜的运输系统的非对称分布来实现的。此外，紧密连接，该系绳相邻上皮细胞，通过作为一个屏障心尖和基底外侧膜结构域之间的组件的膜内扩散在这一过程中起重要作用。模拟天然肠的这些特征合适的模型系统（ 即极性，分化和紧密连接的完整性）都为函数的的研究临界上皮运输系统nality。 对于模型，在肠上皮运输研究目前使用的典型细胞系的Caco-2，完全分化的模式，吸收小肠上皮细胞;和T84细胞或HT-29亚克隆，隐窝衍生大肠上皮细胞1的模型。传统上，这些细胞系生长在塑料表面的单层或在涂覆的transwell插入物。反孔细胞培养插入到一定程度，允许偏振细胞基底外侧喂类似于体内环境。然而，在传统的二维培养系统中的限制在于将细胞被迫适应的人工，平坦，刚性表面。因此，天然上皮的生理复杂不准确地反映在二维系统。这一限制已经克服的方法在一个特定的微环境生长的细胞在3D，如胶状蛋白质mixtur即，含有多种细胞外基质成分2,3。尽管如此， 在体外培养物不能模拟的肠上皮细胞，其具有多种细胞类型和在肠道内的特定区域的体系结构的复杂性。因此，使用细胞培养模型的研究需要在本机肠道进一步验证。使用体外三维细胞培养和小鼠肠道黏膜，我们在这里描述的简单方法来研究肠道羟色胺转运（SLC6A4，SERT）的监管。 的SERT转运调节的重要激素和神经递质5-羟色胺（5-HT）的胞外情况，通过经由的 Na + /氯迅速运送它-依赖性过程。 SERT是抗抑郁的已知靶，并在最近成为胃肠道疾病，如腹泻和肠道炎症的一种新的治疗靶标。方法来调查在肠上皮细胞的5-HT摄取之前已经描述了。例如，生长在塑料支撑物或可渗透插入Caco-2细胞已经显示在两个顶端和基底外侧结构域4呈现氟西汀敏感的3 H-5-HT的摄取。 SERT功能的分离的刷状缘膜囊（BBMVs）从人体器官捐献者小肠中制得的测量也得到了我们5描述。 3人BBVMs H-5-HT的摄取显示出是氟西汀敏感和Na + / Cl -的依赖性，并且呈现出饱和动力学具有300 K m值纳米5。利用类似的方法，我们也预先测定SERT功能如在小鼠肠BBMVs 6 的3 H-5-HT的摄取。然而，纯质膜囊泡的制备需要大量的组织黏膜。其它方法，如radiog的3 H-5-HT的摄取部位raphic可视化，也已预先在豚鼠和大鼠小肠7所示。 在尤斯灌流室提供了一个更生理系统来测量离子，营养物，和在各种上皮组织的药物的输送。在尤斯灌流室技术的主要优点是，它使完整的，偏振肠上皮的电气和运输参数的精确测量。另外，为了尽量减少固有神经肌肉系统的影响，可以进行肠粘膜浆肌剥离调查转运的调节中的上皮8。 我们表明，在三维上生长凝胶状蛋白Caco-2细胞形成中空内腔表达不同心尖和基底外侧标记。这些细胞显示的SERT比2D Caco-2细胞的高表达。方法来种植3D细胞和PErform免疫染色或RNA和蛋白质的提取进行说明。此外，我们描述的方法由TGF-β1，一种多效性细胞因子，利用Ussing室中的技术，研究SERT功能和调节小肠粘膜。

<table border="1" fo:keep-together.within-page="1" fo:keep-with-next.within-page="always">
	<tbody>
		<tr>
			<td>10X PBS</td>
			<td>ATCC</td>
			<td>ATCC&#174; HTB&#173;37&#8482;</td>
			<td>Cells</td>
		</tr>
		<tr>
			<td>10X PBS</td>
			<td>Carl Zeiss</td>
			<td></td>
			<td>Microsope for confocal Imaging</td>
		</tr>
		<tr>
			<td>3[H]-5-HT&#160;</td>
			<td>LabtekII</td>
			<td>152453</td>
			<td>Culturing cells for microscopy</td>
		</tr>
		<tr>
			<td>5-HT&#160;</td>
			<td>Gibco</td>
			<td>70013-032</td>
			<td>Not a hazardous substance</td>
		</tr>
		<tr>
			<td>95%O2- 5%Co2 cylinder</td>
			<td>KPL</td>
			<td>71-00-27</td>
			<td>Not a hazardous substance</td>
		</tr>
		<tr>
			<td>Agar (for Agar plates)</td>
			<td>Fischer</td>
			<td>BP151-100</td>
			<td>Acute toxicity, Ora</td>
		</tr>
		<tr>
			<td>Agar (for electrode)</td>
			<td>Sigma</td>
			<td>G7126-1KG</td>
			<td>Not a hazardous substance</td>
		</tr>
		<tr>
			<td>Alexa FluorPhalloidin</td>
			<td>Sigma</td>
			<td>C3867-1VL</td>
			<td>Not a hazardous substance</td>
		</tr>
		<tr>
			<td>BSA</td>
			<td>Sigma</td>
			<td>P6148-500G</td>
			<td>Harmful if swallowed or if inhaled</td>
		</tr>
		<tr>
			<td>CaCl2</td>
			<td>LifeTechnologies</td>
			<td>A12380</td>
			<td>Not a hazardous substance</td>
		</tr>
		<tr>
			<td>CaCo2 Cells</td>
			<td>Sigma</td>
			<td>A8806-5G</td>
			<td>Not a hazardous substance</td>
		</tr>
		<tr>
			<td>Cell lysis Buffer&#160;</td>
			<td>Fischer</td>
			<td>BP337-100</td>
			<td>Not a hazardous substance</td>
		</tr>
		<tr>
			<td>Chabered slides</td>
			<td>Sigma</td>
			<td>S5886-1KG</td>
			<td>Not a hazardous substance</td>
		</tr>
		<tr>
			<td>Collagen Type-1Solution</td>
			<td>Sigma</td>
			<td>S8045-500G</td>
			<td></td>
		</tr>
		<tr>
			<td>Electrodes</td>
			<td>Sigma</td>
			<td>S-0876</td>
			<td></td>
		</tr>
		<tr>
			<td>EMEM</td>
			<td>Gibco by Life Technologies</td>
			<td>25200-056</td>
			<td></td>
		</tr>
		<tr>
			<td>&#160;Fetal bovine serum</td>
			<td>Corning</td>
			<td>356234</td>
			<td>Used as Extracellular matrix</td>
		</tr>
		<tr>
			<td>Fluoxetine</td>
			<td>Qiagen</td>
			<td>74104</td>
			<td></td>
		</tr>
		<tr>
			<td>&#160;Gentamicin</td>
			<td>ATCC</td>
			<td>30-2003</td>
			<td>Cell culture Media</td>
		</tr>
		<tr>
			<td>Glycin</td>
			<td>Cell Signaling, Danvers, MA</td>
			<td></td>
			<td></td>
		</tr>
		<tr>
			<td>Hepes&#160;</td>
			<td>Roche</td>
			<td>11836145001</td>
			<td></td>
		</tr>
		<tr>
			<td>Indomethacin</td>
			<td>Gibco by Life Technologies</td>
			<td>15070-063</td>
			<td></td>
		</tr>
		<tr>
			<td>K2HPO4</td>
			<td>Gibco by Life Technologies</td>
			<td>15710-064</td>
			<td></td>
		</tr>
		<tr>
			<td>KOH</td>
			<td>Gibco by Life Technologies</td>
			<td>15630-080</td>
			<td></td>
		</tr>
		<tr>
			<td>L-ascorbic acid&#160;</td>
			<td>Gibco by Life Technologies</td>
			<td>10082147</td>
			<td></td>
		</tr>
		<tr>
			<td>Liquid scintillation counter&#160;</td>
			<td>Gibco by Life Technologies</td>
			<td>70013--032</td>
			<td></td>
		</tr>
		<tr>
			<td>LSM710 Meta</td>
			<td>Physiologic Instruments, San Diego, CA&#160;</td>
			<td>EM-CSYS-8</td>
			<td></td>
		</tr>
		<tr>
			<td>Mannitol</td>
			<td>Physiologic Instruments, San Diego, CA&#160;</td>
			<td>P2304</td>
			<td></td>
		</tr>
		<tr>
			<td>Matrigel</td>
			<td>Physiologic Instruments, San Diego, CA&#160;</td>
			<td>VCC MC8</td>
			<td></td>
		</tr>
		<tr>
			<td>MgCl2</td>
			<td>Physiologic Instruments, San Diego, CA&#160;</td>
			<td>DM MC6</td>
			<td></td>
		</tr>
		<tr>
			<td>Multichannel Voltage/current Clamp</td>
			<td>Physiologic Instruments, San Diego, CA&#160;</td>
			<td>P2300</td>
			<td></td>
		</tr>
		<tr>
			<td>NaCl</td>
			<td>Physiologic Instruments, San Diego, CA&#160;</td>
			<td>P2023-100</td>
			<td></td>
		</tr>
		<tr>
			<td>NaCl</td>
			<td>Fisher Scientific, Hampton, NH</td>
			<td>BP1423</td>
			<td></td>
		</tr>
		<tr>
			<td>NaHCO3</td>
			<td>Sigma-Aldrich, St Louis, MO</td>
			<td>S5886</td>
			<td></td>
		</tr>
		<tr>
			<td>Normal Goat Serum (10%)</td>
			<td>Fisher Scientific, Hampton, NH</td>
			<td>S233</td>
			<td></td>
		</tr>
		<tr>
			<td>Paraformaldehyde</td>
			<td>Sigma-Aldrich, St Louis, MO</td>
			<td>P288</td>
			<td></td>
		</tr>
		<tr>
			<td>Pen-Strp</td>
			<td>Sigma-Aldrich, St Louis, MO</td>
			<td>C3881</td>
			<td></td>
		</tr>
		<tr>
			<td>Protein assay reagent</td>
			<td>Sigma-Aldrich, St Louis, MO</td>
			<td>10420</td>
			<td></td>
		</tr>
		<tr>
			<td>Proteinase Inhibitor Cocktail</td>
			<td>MEDOX, Chicago, IL&#160;</td>
			<td>style G- 12300</td>
			<td></td>
		</tr>
		<tr>
			<td>RNA easy Mini kit</td>
			<td>Sigma-Aldrich, St Louis, MO</td>
			<td>M4125</td>
			<td></td>
		</tr>
		<tr>
			<td>Single Channel Electrode Input Module&#160;</td>
			<td>Sigma-Aldrich, St Louis, MO</td>
			<td>A92902</td>
			<td></td>
		</tr>
		<tr>
			<td>Sliders for snapwell Chambers</td>
			<td>Sigma-Aldrich, St Louis, MO</td>
			<td>H9523</td>
			<td></td>
		</tr>
		<tr>
			<td>Sodium Phosphate (Na2HPO4)</td>
			<td>Sigma-Aldrich, St Louis, MO</td>
			<td>F132</td>
			<td></td>
		</tr>
		<tr>
			<td>Sodium-Hydroxide (NaOH)</td>
			<td>Sigma-Aldrich, St Louis, MO</td>
			<td>T7039</td>
			<td></td>
		</tr>
		<tr>
			<td>TGF-&#946;1</td>
			<td>Perkin-Elmer,Waltham, MA</td>
			<td>NFT1167250UC</td>
			<td></td>
		</tr>
		<tr>
			<td>TritonX-100</td>
			<td>Packard Instruments, Downers Grove, IL</td>
			<td>B1600</td>
			<td></td>
		</tr>
		<tr>
			<td>Trypsin EDTA</td>
			<td>Sigma-Aldrich, St Louis, MO</td>
			<td>221473</td>
			<td></td>
		</tr>
		<tr>
			<td>Tween-20</td>
			<td>Bio Rad Laboratories, Hercules, CA</td>
			<td>5000006</td>
			<td></td>
		</tr>
		<tr>
			<td>Ussing Chamber (chamber only)</td>
			<td>Sigma-Aldrich, St Louis, MO</td>
			<td>I7378</td>
			<td></td>
		</tr>
		<tr>
			<td>Ussing Chamber Systems</td>
			<td>Sigma-Aldrich, St Louis, MO</td>
			<td>A1296</td>
			<td></td>
		</tr>
	</tbody>
</table>

methods to study epithelial transport protein function and expression in native intestine and caco-2 cells grown in 3d

肠上皮具有重要的运输和屏障功能，在身体的正常生理功能中起关键作用，同时提供一个障碍异物。受损的上皮细胞的转运（离子，营养物，或药物）已经与许多疾病相关联，并且可以具有通过影响上皮完整性和肠道微生物以外的转运，如正常生理功能延伸的后果。了解功能和转运蛋白的调控是改进治疗干预的发展至关重要。在上皮运输研究的最大挑战是开发概括了原生肠上皮细胞的重要特征一个合适的模型系统。几个体外细胞培养模型，如的Caco-2，T-84，和HT-29-Cl.19A细胞在上皮转运研究通常使用。这些细胞系代表了还原的方法来电子建模pithelium并已在许多机理研究，包括其上皮 - 微生物相互作用的检查中使用。然而，细胞单层没有准确地反映细胞-细胞相互作用和体内微环境。在三维生长的细胞都显示出有希望用于药物渗透性的研究模型。我们表明，Caco-2细胞在3D可用于研究上皮转运。同样重要的是，在Caco-2细胞的研究与其它型号的补充，以排除细胞特异性的影响，并考虑到天然肠的复杂性。几种方法先前已被用来评估转运，例如在分离的上皮细胞或分离的质膜囊泡外翻囊和吸收的功能。考虑到相对于模型和转运功能的测量在该领域的挑战，我们在这里展示一个协议到生长在3D Caco-2细胞并描述了使用Ussing室中的作为一个有效的方法来测量血清素转运，如在完整偏振光肠上皮。

免疫染色在三维的Caco-2囊肿示于图1。的XY平面内的表示与鬼笔环肽的肌动蛋白染色的三维囊肿以及各别管腔的代表性图像中的图1A中描绘。面向内腔侧表示顶侧。上皮细胞在3D环境中的结果在一个坚固的上皮表型进行培养。在第12天，当肌动蛋白和SERT共染色不同的Caco-2囊肿，示于图1B。在XY平面（从图1A中所示的平面不同）?...

Watch this Scientific Journal Video about Methods to Study Epithelial Transport Protein Function and Expression in Native Intestine and Caco-2 Cells Grown in 3D at JoVE.com

Methods to Study Epithelial Transport Protein Function and Expression in Native Intestine and Caco-2 Cells Grown in 3D

我们描述了简单的方法来研究肠血清素转运蛋白（SERT）的功能和表达的使用体外细胞培养的Caco-2细胞在三维生长模型和小鼠肠的离体模型的调节。这些方法适用于其他上皮转运的研究。

方法来研究上皮转运蛋白功能和表达在纯肠和Caco-2细胞生长在3D

The intestinal epithelium has important transport and barrier functions that play key roles in normal physiological functions of the body while providing ...

Research

JoVE Journal

Biology

Staining of Proteins in Gels with Coomassie G-250 without Organic Solvent and Acetic Acid

无有机溶剂和醋酸，蛋白质与考马斯亮蓝G - 250凝胶染色

In classical protein staining protocols using Coomassie Brilliant Blue (CBB), solutions with high contents of toxic and flammable organic solvents ...

科研

生物学

Primary Human Bronchial Epithelial Cells Grown from Explants

从外植体生长的首要人权支气管上皮细胞

Human bronchial epithelial cells are needed for cell models of disease and to investigate the effect of excipients and pharmacologic agents on the ...

Hi-C: A Method to Study the Three-dimensional Architecture of Genomes.

嗨 - C：一个方法研究基因组的三维架构。

The three-dimensional folding of chromosomes compartmentalizes the genome and and can bring distant functional elements, such as promoters and enhancers, ...

Chromatin Isolation by RNA Purification (ChIRP)

Chromatin Isolation by RNA Purification ChIRP

RNA纯化的染色质隔离（CHIRP）

Long noncoding RNAs are key regulators of chromatin states for important biological processes such as dosage compensation, imprinting, and developmental ...

Rapid Genetic Analysis of Epithelial-Mesenchymal Signaling During Hair Regeneration

在毛发再生的上皮 - 间充质信号的快速遗传分析

Hair follicle morphogenesis, a complex process requiring interaction between epithelia-derived keratinocytes and the underlying mesenchyme, is an ...

Induction and Analysis of Epithelial to Mesenchymal Transition

诱导上皮和分析间质转化

Epithelial  to mesenchymal transition (EMT) is essential for proper morphogenesis during  development. Misregulation of this  process has been implicated ...

High Resolution Whole Mount In Situ Hybridization within Zebrafish Embryos to Study Gene Expression and Function

High Resolution Whole Mount In Situ Hybridization within Zebrafish Embryos to Study Gene Expression and Function

高解析度全山<em&gt;在原位</em杂交斑马鱼胚胎内，研究基因表达和功能

This article focuses on whole-mount in situ hybridization (WISH) of zebrafish embryos. The WISH technology facilitates the assessment of gene expression ...

siRNA Screening to Identify Ubiquitin and Ubiquitin-like System Regulators of Biological Pathways in Cultured Mammalian Cells

siRNA的筛选识别泛素和泛素样系统压力表生物学途径在培养的哺乳动物细胞

Post-translational modification of proteins with ubiquitin and ubiquitin-like molecules (UBLs) is emerging as a dynamic cellular signaling network that ...

Functional Reconstitution and Channel Activity Measurements of Purified Wildtype and Mutant CFTR Protein

纯化野生型和突变CFTR蛋白的功能重建和通道活性测定

The Cystic Fibrosis Transmembrane Conductance Regulator (CFTR) is a unique channel-forming member of the ATP Binding Cassette (ABC) superfamily of ...

Using Caco-2 Cells to Study Lipid Transport by the Intestine

采用Caco-2细胞研究脂质运输由肠

Studies of dietary fat absorption are generally conducted by using an animal model equipped with a lymph cannula. Although this animal model is widely ...