Name: merging ion concentration polarization between juxtaposed ion exchange membranes to block the propagation of the polarization zone
Uploaded: 2017-02-23T14:00:00
Description: Watch this Scientific Journal Video about Merging Ion Concentration Polarization between Juxtaposed Ion Exchange Membranes to Block the Propagation of the Polarization Zone at JoVE.com

This work was supported by the internal fund of the Korea Institute of Science and Technology (2E26180) and by the Next Generation Biomedical Device Platform program, funded by the National Research Foundation of Korea (NRF-2015M3A9E202888).

1.阳离子交换膜制造集成微流控芯片<ol><li> 主人硅的制备 <ol><li>设计2种硅主人：一种用于图案化的阳离子交换树脂和其他建设有聚二甲基硅氧烷（PDMS）微通道。 注：几何细节将在步骤1.3.1和1.4.1的描述。 </li><li>通过使用常规的光刻和深反应离子蚀刻27制造硅主人。 </li><li>在真空罐30分钟Silanize的微图案硅主人与三氯硅烷（〜30μL）。 注意：三...

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我们所描述的制造协议和spatiotemporally限定预浓缩的在一个范围内施加电压（0.5-100 V）离子强度（1-100毫米）的性能，和pH值（3.7-10.3），实现了10,000倍在10分钟内的染料与蛋白质的富集。像以前的ICP设备的富集性能变得更高更好的电压和更低的离子强度。我们可以考虑在此一附加参数在两个阳离子交换膜之间的距离。如果我们增加膜间的距离，电场施加相同的电压下降低，从而导致在预浓缩速度<sup...

离子浓度极化（ICP）是指在一个选择性渗透膜离子富集和离子耗尽期间发生，导致与离子浓度梯度1,2额外电位降的现象。该浓度梯度是线性的，并作为一个较高电压被施加（欧姆制度），直到在膜上的离子浓度变得更陡接近零（限制性制度）。在此扩散限制条件，梯度（和相应的离子通量）已被公知的最大化/饱和1。超出了这个常规理解，当电压（或电流）进一步增大时，一个overlimiting电流观察到的，与平坦耗尽区和非常尖锐的浓度梯度在区域边界1,3。平坦区具有一个非常低的离子浓度，但表面导电，电osmoti<html> Ç渗流（EOF），和/或电渗透不稳定促进离子通量和诱导overlimiting电流的3，4，5。有趣的是，平耗尽区用作静电屏障，该滤波器滤除6，7，8，9和/或预浓缩目标10，11。由于存在不足量的离子以筛选带电粒子的表面电荷（对于满意的电中性），所述颗粒不能穿过该耗尽区，因此，在其边界排队。该非线性ICP效应是在不同类型的膜10，11，12，13的一个通用的现象，&gt; 14和几何形状6，15，16，17，18，19，20，21;这就是为什么研究人员已经能够开发各类过滤6，7，8，9 富集采用非线性ICP 10，11台设备。 即使有这样的高度的灵活性和健壮性，它仍然是澄清的非线性ICP设备的操作条件的实用的挑战。比较方案的非线性区快速通过阳离子交换膜，这导致阴离子朝向阳极移动的位移去除阳离子。作为一个结果，平耗尽区传播快，这使人想起休克传播22。摩尼等。称这种动态的去离子（或耗竭）冲击23。到在指定的检测位置预浓缩的目标，防止离子耗尽区的扩展是必要的，例如，通过施加EOF或压力驱动流对区扩张24。 Zangle 等。 22澄清ICP传播的标准中的一维模型，它高度依赖于电泳迁移17，离子强度18，pH值25，等等。这表明，适当的操作条件将根据样品条件被改变。 在这里，我们提出详细的设计和实验协议，一个spatiotemp内预浓缩目标的新的ICP平台口服定义的26位。离子耗尽区的扩展是由离子富集区阻断，在一个指定的位置离开静止富集塞，不论工作时间，施加电压，离子强度和pH值。该详细视频协议是为了表明，以阳离子交换膜整合到微流体装置，并表明相比于以往的新ICP平台的富集性能的最简单的方法。

<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" width="720">
	<tbody>
		<tr height="21">
			<td height="21" style="height:21px;width:239px;">Sylgard 184 Silicone Elastomer kit</td>
			<td style="width:195px;">Dow Corning</td>
			<td style="width:119px;"></td>
			<td style="width:167px;"></td>
		</tr>
		<tr height="21">
			<td height="21" style="height:21px;width:239px;">Trichlorosilane</td>
			<td style="width:195px;">Sigma Aldrich</td>
			<td style="width:119px;">175552</td>
			<td>Highly toxic</td>
		</tr>
		<tr height="21">
			<td height="21" style="height:21px;">Nafion perfluorinated resin, 20 wt%</td>
			<td>Sigma Aldrich</td>
			<td style="width:119px;">527122</td>
			<td></td>
		</tr>
		<tr height="21">
			<td height="21" style="height:21px;">Sodium chloride</td>
			<td>Sigma Aldrich</td>
			<td style="width:119px;">71394</td>
			<td></td>
		</tr>
		<tr height="21">
			<td height="21" style="height:21px;">Potassium chloride</td>
			<td>Sigma Aldrich</td>
			<td style="width:119px;">60121</td>
			<td></td>
		</tr>
		<tr height="21">
			<td height="21" style="height:21px;">Alexa Fluor 488 carboxylic acid, succinimidyl ester</td>
			<td>Invitrogen</td>
			<td style="width:119px;">A20000</td>
			<td></td>
		</tr>
		<tr height="21">
			<td height="21" style="height:21px;">Isothiocyanate-conjugated albumin</td>
			<td>Sigma Aldrich</td>
			<td style="width:119px;">A9771</td>
			<td></td>
		</tr>
		<tr height="21">
			<td height="21" style="height:21px;">Phosphate buffer saline, 1X</td>
			<td>Wengene</td>
			<td style="width:119px;">LB004-02</td>
			<td></td>
		</tr>
		<tr height="21">
			<td height="21" style="height:21px;">Tween 20&#160;</td>
			<td>Sigma Aldrich</td>
			<td style="width:119px;">P1379</td>
			<td></td>
		</tr>
		<tr height="21">
			<td height="21" style="height:21px;">Epifluorescence microscope</td>
			<td>Olympus</td>
			<td style="width:119px;">IX-71</td>
			<td></td>
		</tr>
		<tr height="21">
			<td height="21" style="height:21px;">Charged-coupled device camera</td>
			<td>Hamamtsu Co.</td>
			<td style="width:119px;">ImageEM X2</td>
			<td></td>
		</tr>
		<tr height="21">
			<td height="21" style="height:21px;">Source measurement unit</td>
			<td>Keithley Instruments</td>
			<td style="width:119px;">2635A</td>
			<td></td>
		</tr>
		<tr height="21">
			<td height="21" style="height:21px;width:239px;">Covance-MP</td>
			<td style="width:195px;">Femto Science</td>
			<td style="width:119px;"></td>
			<td></td>
		</tr>
	</tbody>
</table>

merging ion concentration polarization between juxtaposed ion exchange membranes to block the propagation of the polarization zone

离子浓度极化（ICP）的现象是最普遍的方法来预浓缩低丰度的生物样品之一。该ICP诱导带电生物分子（即离子耗尽区）无创性区域和目标可以在此区域的边界上预浓缩。尽管高富集表演使用ICP，它是很难找到的非传播离子耗尽区中的操作条件。为了克服这个狭窄的操作窗口，我们最近开发了spatiotemporally固定富集的新平台。不像前述仅使用离子耗尽的方法，该平台还使用ICP（ 即，离子富集）的极性相反，停止离子耗尽区的传播。通过与耗尽区的富集区面临的两区合并在一起，并停止。在本文中，我们描述了详细的实验协议来建立这个spatiotemporally定义ICP platfORM和它们与常规设备的比较表征新平台的富集动态。定性离子浓度分布和电流 - 时间响应成功捕获合并的ICP和单机ICP之间的不同的动态。在与传统的一个可以仅〜5伏固定富集的位置，新的平台可以在操作条件的宽范围的特定位置产生一个目标冷凝插头：电压（0.5-100 V）中，离子强度（1-100毫摩尔）和pH（3.7-10.3）。

膜集成微流体预浓缩的概略的制造步骤示于图1。的制造的详细描述的协议中给出。在设计和spatiotemporally限定预浓缩26的设备中的图像进行了对比与那些常规的预浓缩11（ 图2）的。在spatiotemporally定义预浓缩的ICP现象的电流-电压-时间响应和荧光强度分布（ 图3-4）而言进行了研究。类似于用单膜预浓?...

Watch this Scientific Journal Video about Merging Ion Concentration Polarization between Juxtaposed Ion Exchange Membranes to Block the Propagation of the Polarization Zone at JoVE.com

Merging Ion Concentration Polarization between Juxtaposed Ion Exchange Membranes to Block the Propagation of the Polarization Zone

为一个新的离子浓度极化（ICP）平台的协议，可以停止ICP区的传播，不管操作条件进行说明。这一独特的平台能力，在于所使用的合并离子耗竭和充实，这是的ICP现象的两个极性。

并列的合并离子交换膜之间的离子浓差极化，以块极化区的传播

The ion concentration polarization (ICP) phenomenon is one of the most prevailing methods to preconcentrate low-abundance biological samples. The ICP ...

Research

JoVE Journal

Bioengineering

Fluorescent Nanoparticles for the Measurement of Ion Concentration in Biological Systems

在生物系统中的离子浓度测量荧光纳米粒子

Tightly regulated ion homeostasis throughout the body is necessary for the prevention of such debilitating states as dehydration.1 In contrast, rapid ion ...

科研

生物工程

Design of a Cyclic Pressure Bioreactor for the Ex Vivo Study of Aortic Heart Valves

Design of a Cyclic Pressure Bioreactor for the Ex Vivo Study of Aortic Heart Valves

循环压力为生物反应器的设计体外主动脉心脏瓣膜的研究

The aortic valve, located between the left ventricle and the aorta, allows for unidirectional blood flow, preventing backflow into the ventricle. Aortic ...

Alginate Microcapsule as a 3D Platform for Propagation and Differentiation of Human Embryonic Stem Cells (hESC) to Different Lineages

Alginate Microcapsule as a 3D Platform for Propagation and Differentiation of Human Embryonic Stem Cells hESC to Different Lineages

海藻酸钠微胶囊作为一个人类胚胎干细胞（胚胎干细胞）的繁殖和分化的3D平台，以不同的谱系

Human embryonic stem cells (hESC) are emerging as an attractive alternative source for cell replacement therapy since they can be expanded in culture ...

Multi-analyte Biochip (MAB) Based on All-solid-state Ion-selective Electrodes (ASSISE) for Physiological Research

Multi-analyte Biochip MAB Based on All-solid-state Ion-selective Electrodes ASSISE for Physiological Research

多分析物生物芯片（MAB），基于全固态离子选择性电极（ASSISE）的生理研究

Lab-on-a-chip (LOC) applications in environmental, biomedical, agricultural, biological, and spaceflight research require an ion-selective electrode (ISE) ...

Fluorescence Recovery after Merging a Droplet to Measure the Two-dimensional Diffusion of a Phospholipid Monolayer

合并一个液滴后荧光恢复来衡量磷脂单层的二维扩散

We introduce a new method to measure the lateral diffusivity of a surfactant monolayer at the fluid-fluid interface, called fluorescence recovery after ...

Synthesis of Hydrogels with Antifouling Properties As Membranes for Water Purification

水凝胶的合成与防污性能作为膜的净水

Hydrogels have been widely utilized to enhance the surface hydrophilicity of membranes for water purification, increasing the antifouling properties and ...

Assembly and Characterization of Biomolecular Memristors Consisting of Ion Channel-doped Lipid Membranes

离子通道掺杂脂质膜组成的生物分子记忆器的组装与表征

The ability to recreate synaptic functionalities in synthetic circuit elements is essential for neuromorphic computing systems that seek to emulate the ...

Focused Ion Beam Lithography to Etch Nano-architectures into Microelectrodes

聚焦 Ion 光束平版印刷到蚀刻纳米架构到微电极

With advances in electronics and fabrication technology, intracortical microelectrodes have undergone substantial improvements enabling the production of ...

Silicon Nanowires and Optical Stimulation for Investigations of Intra- and Intercellular Electrical Coupling

硅纳米线与光学刺激研究细胞内和细胞间电耦合

Myofibroblasts can spontaneously internalize silicon nanowires (SiNWs), making them an attractive target for bioelectronic applications. These ...

Propagation of Dental and Respiratory Cells and Organs in Microgravity

牙齿和呼吸细胞及器官在微重力下的繁殖

Gravity is one of the key determinants of human cell function, proliferation, cytoskeletal architecture and orientation. Rotary bioreactor systems (RCCSs) ...