Name: merging ion concentration polarization between juxtaposed ion exchange membranes to block the propagation of the polarization zone
Uploaded: 2017-02-23T14:00:00
Description: Watch this Scientific Journal Video about Merging Ion Concentration Polarization between Juxtaposed Ion Exchange Membranes to Block the Propagation of the Polarization Zone at JoVE.com

This work was supported by the internal fund of the Korea Institute of Science and Technology (2E26180) and by the Next Generation Biomedical Device Platform program, funded by the National Research Foundation of Korea (NRF-2015M3A9E202888).

1. Fremstilling af kationbyttermembran-integrerede Mikrofluid Chips <ol><li> Udarbejdelse af silicium mestre <ol><li> Design to slags silicium mastere: en til mønstring en kationbytterharpiks og den anden for at opbygge en mikrokanal med polydimethylsiloxan (PDMS). BEMÆRK: detalje geometri vil blive beskrevet i trin 1.3.1 og 1.4.1. </li><li> Fabrikere silicium mestre ved hjælp af enten konventionel fotolitografi eller dyb reaktiv ion ætsning 27. </li><li> Silanize de...

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Vi har beskrevet fremstillingen protokol og udførelsen af ​​en spatiotemporally defineret prækoncentreringsenhed i et område af den påførte spænding (0,5-100 V), ionstyrke (1-100 mM), og pH (3,7 til 10,3), at opnå en 10.000-fold preconcentration af farvestoffer og protein inden for 10 min. Som ligesom tidligere ICP-enheder, bliver preconcentration bedre ydeevne ved højere spænding og ved lavere ionstyrke. En yderligere parameter, vi kan overveje her er afstanden mellem to kationbyttermembraner. Hvis vi øge...

Ionkoncentration polarisering (ICP) henviser til et fænomen, der forekommer under ion berigelse og ion udtømning på en permselektiv membran, hvilket resulterer i en yderligere potentiel dråbe med ion koncentrationsgradienter 1, 2. Denne koncentrationsgradient er lineær, og det bliver stejlere som en højere spænding (Ohmsk regime), indtil ion koncentration på membranen nærmer sig nul (begrænsende ordning). På dette diffusions-hæmmet betingelse har gradient (og tilsvarende ionstrøm) været kendt for at være maksimeret / mættet 1. Ud over denne traditionelle forståelse, når spændingen (eller nuværende) øges yderligere, er en overlimiting strøm observeret, med flade udtynding zoner og meget skarpe koncentrationsgradienter på betalingsringen 1, 3. Den flade zone har en koncentration meget lav ion, men overfladen ledning, elektro-osmoti<html> c flow (EOF), og / eller elektro-osmotisk ustabilitet fremme ion flux og fremkalde en overlimiting strøm 3, 4, 5. Interessant nok flade depleteringszone tjener som en elektrostatisk barriere, som filtrerer 6, 7, 8, 9 og / eller preconcentrates målretter 10, 11. Da der er en utilstrækkelig mængde af ioner til at screene overfladen afgifter af ladede partikler (for tilfredsstillende elektroneutralitet), kan partiklerne ikke passere gennem denne udtynding zone og derfor kø ved sin grænse. Denne ulineære ICP virkning er et generisk fænomen i forskellige typer af membraner 10, 11, 12, 13,&gt; 14 og geometrier 6, 15, 16, 17, 18, 19, 20, 21; dette er grunden forskere har været i stand til at udvikle forskellige typer af filtrering 6, 7, 8, 9 og preconcentration 10, 11 enheder ved hjælp af ikke-lineær ICP. Selv med en sådan høj fleksibilitet og robusthed, er det stadig en praktisk udfordring at afklare driftsbetingelserne for de ikke-lineære ICP-enheder. Den ulineære område af ICP fjerner hurtigt kationer gennem en kationbyttermembran, der forårsager forskydningen af ​​anioner der bevæger sig mod anoden. Som enresultat, den flade depleteringszone udbreder hurtigt, som minder om chok formering 22. Mani et al. kaldte denne dynamiske det deionization (eller udtømning) shock 23. At prækoncentrat mål på en udpeget sensing position, forhindrer udvidelse af ionen depleteringszone er nødvendig, for eksempel ved at påføre EOF eller trykdrevet strømning mod zoneudvidelse 24. Zangle et al. 22 præciseret kriterierne for ICP formering i en en-dimensionel model, og det stærkt afhænger af elektroforetisk mobilitet 17, ionstyrke 18, pH 25, og så videre. Dette indikerer, at korrekte driftsforhold vil blive ændret i henhold til prøve- betingelser. Her præsenteres detaljeret design og eksperimentelle protokoller for en roman ICP platform, preconcentrates mål inden en spatiotemporalt defineret position 26. Udvidelsen af ​​ionen depleteringszone blokeres af ion berigelse zone, hvilket efterlader en stationær preconcentration stik i en tildelt position, uanset den driftstid, påtrykte spænding, ionstyrke og pH. Denne detaljerede video protokol er beregnet til at vise den enkleste metode til at integrere kationbyttermembraner i mikrofluidenheder og at demonstrere preconcentration udførelsen af ​​nye ICP platform sammenlignet med den konventionelle én.

<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" width="720">
	<tbody>
		<tr height="21">
			<td height="21" style="height:21px;width:239px;">Sylgard 184 Silicone Elastomer kit</td>
			<td style="width:195px;">Dow Corning</td>
			<td style="width:119px;"></td>
			<td style="width:167px;"></td>
		</tr>
		<tr height="21">
			<td height="21" style="height:21px;width:239px;">Trichlorosilane</td>
			<td style="width:195px;">Sigma Aldrich</td>
			<td style="width:119px;">175552</td>
			<td>Highly toxic</td>
		</tr>
		<tr height="21">
			<td height="21" style="height:21px;">Nafion perfluorinated resin, 20 wt%</td>
			<td>Sigma Aldrich</td>
			<td style="width:119px;">527122</td>
			<td></td>
		</tr>
		<tr height="21">
			<td height="21" style="height:21px;">Sodium chloride</td>
			<td>Sigma Aldrich</td>
			<td style="width:119px;">71394</td>
			<td></td>
		</tr>
		<tr height="21">
			<td height="21" style="height:21px;">Potassium chloride</td>
			<td>Sigma Aldrich</td>
			<td style="width:119px;">60121</td>
			<td></td>
		</tr>
		<tr height="21">
			<td height="21" style="height:21px;">Alexa Fluor 488 carboxylic acid, succinimidyl ester</td>
			<td>Invitrogen</td>
			<td style="width:119px;">A20000</td>
			<td></td>
		</tr>
		<tr height="21">
			<td height="21" style="height:21px;">Isothiocyanate-conjugated albumin</td>
			<td>Sigma Aldrich</td>
			<td style="width:119px;">A9771</td>
			<td></td>
		</tr>
		<tr height="21">
			<td height="21" style="height:21px;">Phosphate buffer saline, 1X</td>
			<td>Wengene</td>
			<td style="width:119px;">LB004-02</td>
			<td></td>
		</tr>
		<tr height="21">
			<td height="21" style="height:21px;">Tween 20&#160;</td>
			<td>Sigma Aldrich</td>
			<td style="width:119px;">P1379</td>
			<td></td>
		</tr>
		<tr height="21">
			<td height="21" style="height:21px;">Epifluorescence microscope</td>
			<td>Olympus</td>
			<td style="width:119px;">IX-71</td>
			<td></td>
		</tr>
		<tr height="21">
			<td height="21" style="height:21px;">Charged-coupled device camera</td>
			<td>Hamamtsu Co.</td>
			<td style="width:119px;">ImageEM X2</td>
			<td></td>
		</tr>
		<tr height="21">
			<td height="21" style="height:21px;">Source measurement unit</td>
			<td>Keithley Instruments</td>
			<td style="width:119px;">2635A</td>
			<td></td>
		</tr>
		<tr height="21">
			<td height="21" style="height:21px;width:239px;">Covance-MP</td>
			<td style="width:195px;">Femto Science</td>
			<td style="width:119px;"></td>
			<td></td>
		</tr>
	</tbody>
</table>

merging ion concentration polarization between juxtaposed ion exchange membranes to block the propagation of the polarization zone

Ionkoncentrationen polarisering (ICP) fænomen er en af ​​de mest fremherskende metoder til at prækoncentrat med lav hyppighed biologiske prøver. ICP inducerer en noninvasiv region for ladede biomolekyler (dvs. ion udtømning zone), og mål kan preconcentrated på denne region grænse. På trods af de høje preconcentration forestillinger med ICP, er det svært at finde de driftsbetingelser af ikke-formerings ion udtynding zoner. For at overvinde denne snævre operativsystem vindue, vi for nylig udviklet en ny platform for spatiotemporally fast preconcentration. I modsætning foregående metoder, der kun bruger ion udtømning, denne platform bruger også den modsatte polaritet af ICP (dvs. ion berigelse) for at stoppe formering af ionen depletion zone. Ved at konfrontere berigelse zone med depleteringslag, de to zoner flette sammen og stoppe. I dette papir, beskriver vi en detaljeret forsøgsprotokol at bygge denne spatiotemporally defineret ICP bækken nedenOrm og karakterisere de preconcentration dynamik den nye platform ved at sammenligne dem med dem i konventionelle indretning. Kvalitative ion koncentration profiler og strøm-time svar held fange de forskellige dynamik mellem det fusionerede ICP og den enkeltstående ICP. I modsætning til den konventionelle en, der kan løse preconcentration placering på kun ~ 5 V, kan den nye platform producere en target-kondenseret prop på et bestemt sted i de brede intervaller af driftsbetingelser: spænding (0,5-100 V), ionstyrke (1-100 mM), og pH (3,7 til 10,3).

De skematiske fremstillingstrin af en membran-integrerede mikrofluid prækoncentreringsenhed er vist i figur 1. En detaljeret beskrivelse af fremstillingen er givet i protokollen. De mønstre og device billeder af spatiotemporally defineret prækoncentreringsenheden 26 står i modsætning til dem af en konventionel prækoncentreringsenhed 11 (figur 2). ICP fænomen i spatiotemporally definerede prækoncentr...

Watch this Scientific Journal Video about Merging Ion Concentration Polarization between Juxtaposed Ion Exchange Membranes to Block the Propagation of the Polarization Zone at JoVE.com

Merging Ion Concentration Polarization between Juxtaposed Ion Exchange Membranes to Block the Propagation of the Polarization Zone

Protokollen for en hidtil ukendt ionkoncentration polarisering (ICP) platform, der kan stoppe formering af ICP zone, uanset driftsbetingelserne beskrevet. Denne unikke evne af platformen ligger i anvendelsen af ​​fusionerende ion udtømning og berigelse, som er to polariteter af ICP fænomen.

Fletning Ion Koncentration Polarisering mellem sidestillede ionbyttermembraner at blokere Forplantningen Polarisering Zone

The ion concentration polarization (ICP) phenomenon is one of the most prevailing methods to preconcentrate low-abundance biological samples. The ICP ...

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