Name: merging ion concentration polarization between juxtaposed ion exchange membranes to block the propagation of the polarization zone
Uploaded: 2017-02-23T14:00:00
Description: Watch this Scientific Journal Video about Merging Ion Concentration Polarization between Juxtaposed Ion Exchange Membranes to Block the Propagation of the Polarization Zone at JoVE.com

This work was supported by the internal fund of the Korea Institute of Science and Technology (2E26180) and by the Next Generation Biomedical Device Platform program, funded by the National Research Foundation of Korea (NRF-2015M3A9E202888).

1. Fabrikasjon av kationbyttemembran integrert mikrofluid Chips <ol><li> Utarbeidelse av silisium mestere <ol><li> Design to typer silisium masters: en for mønstring av et kation-bytterharpiks, og den andre for å bygge en microchannel med polydimetylsiloksan (PDMS). MERK: Detaljene geometri vil bli beskrevet i trinnene 1.3.1 og 1.4.1. </li><li> Dikte silisium mestere ved hjelp av enten konvensjonell fotolitografi eller dyp ioneetsning 27. </li><li> Silanize de micropat...

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Vi har beskrevet fremstillingen protokollen og ytelsen til en spatiotemporally definert preconcentrator i et område av den påtrykte spenning (V 0,5-100), ionestyrke (1-100 mM) og pH (03/07 til 10/03), oppnå en 10000 gangers preconcentration av fargestoffer og protein innen 10 min. Som liker tidligere ICP-enheter, blir preconcentration ytelsen bedre på høyere spenning og til lavere ionestyrke. En ekstra parameter vi kan vurdere her er avstanden mellom to kationbyttemembraner. Dersom vi øker inter-membranen avstand,...

Ionekonsentrasjon polarisasjon (ICP) refererer til et fenomen som oppstår under ion anriking og ion tømming på en permselektiv membran, noe som resulterer i en ekstra spenningsfall med ione konsentrasjonsgradienter 1, 2. Denne konsentrasjonsgradient er lineær, og det blir brattere som en høyere spenning påtrykkes (Ohmsk regime) til ionekonsentrasjonen på membranen nærmer seg null (begrensende regime). På dette diffusjon begrenset tilstand, har vært kjent gradient (og tilsvarende ionefluks) som skal maksimeres / mettet 1. Utover denne konvensjonelle forståelse, når spenningen (eller nåværende) økes ytterligere, er en overlimiting nåværende observert, med flate depletion soner og svært skarpe konsentrasjons gradienter på sonegrense 1, 3. Den flate sone har en meget lav ionekonsentrasjon, men overflateledning, elektro-osmoti<html> c flow (EOF), og / eller elektro-osmotisk ustabilitet fremme ionefluks og indusere en overlimiting strøm 3, 4, 5. Interessant, tjener den flate uttømming sonen som en elektrostatisk barriere, som filtrerer ut 6, 7, 8, 9 og / eller preconcentrates er rettet mot 10, 11. Siden det er en utilstrekkelig mengde ioner for å skjerme de overflateladninger av ladede partikler (for tilfredsstillende electroneutrality), kan partiklene ikke passere gjennom denne uttømming sonen, og derfor stille opp på sin grense. Denne ikke-lineære ICP-effekten er en generisk fenomen i forskjellige typer av membraner 10, 11, 12, 13,&gt; 14 og geometrier 6, 15, 16, 17, 18, 19, 20, 21; Dette er grunnen til at forskerne har vært i stand til å utvikle forskjellige typer av filtrering 6, 7, 8, 9 og preconcentration 10, 11 enheter ved hjelp av ikke-lineær ICP. Selv med så høy fleksibilitet og robusthet, er det fortsatt en praktisk utfordring å avklare rammebetingelsene for de ulineære ICP-enheter. Den ikke-lineære regime av ICP fjerner raskt kationer gjennom en kationbyttemembran, noe som fører til forskyvning av anioner som beveger seg mot anoden. Som enResultatet forplanter flat uttømming sonen raskt, noe som minner om sjokk forplantning 22. Mani et al. kalles dette dynamiske den deionization (eller depletion) sjokkere 23. Til prekonsentrat mål ved et utpekt følestilling, hindrer utvidelse av ionet uttømming sonen er nødvendig, for eksempel ved å påføre EOF eller trykkdrevet strømning mot sonen utvidelse 24. Zangle et al. 22 klaret kriteriene for ICP forplantning i en en-dimensjonal modell, og det sterkt avhengig av elektroforetisk mobilitet 17, ionestyrke 18, pH 25, og så videre. Dette indikerer at riktige operasjonsbetingelser vil bli endret i henhold til prøvebetingelsene. Her presenterer vi detaljert design og eksperimentelle protokoller for en roman ICP plattform som preconcentrates mål innenfor en spatiotempmuntlig definert posisjon 26. Utvidelsen av ion uttømming sonen er blokkert av det ion anrikningssonen, og etterlater en stasjonær preconcentration plugg i en tilordnet posisjon, uavhengig av driftstiden, påtrykt spenning, ionestyrke og pH. Denne detaljerte video protokollen er ment å vise den enkleste metoden for å integrere kationbyttemembraner inn i microfluidic enheter, og for å demonstrere den preconcentration utførelsen av den nye ICP plattformen sammenlignet med den konvensjonelle en.

<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" width="720">
	<tbody>
		<tr height="21">
			<td height="21" style="height:21px;width:239px;">Sylgard 184 Silicone Elastomer kit</td>
			<td style="width:195px;">Dow Corning</td>
			<td style="width:119px;"></td>
			<td style="width:167px;"></td>
		</tr>
		<tr height="21">
			<td height="21" style="height:21px;width:239px;">Trichlorosilane</td>
			<td style="width:195px;">Sigma Aldrich</td>
			<td style="width:119px;">175552</td>
			<td>Highly toxic</td>
		</tr>
		<tr height="21">
			<td height="21" style="height:21px;">Nafion perfluorinated resin, 20 wt%</td>
			<td>Sigma Aldrich</td>
			<td style="width:119px;">527122</td>
			<td></td>
		</tr>
		<tr height="21">
			<td height="21" style="height:21px;">Sodium chloride</td>
			<td>Sigma Aldrich</td>
			<td style="width:119px;">71394</td>
			<td></td>
		</tr>
		<tr height="21">
			<td height="21" style="height:21px;">Potassium chloride</td>
			<td>Sigma Aldrich</td>
			<td style="width:119px;">60121</td>
			<td></td>
		</tr>
		<tr height="21">
			<td height="21" style="height:21px;">Alexa Fluor 488 carboxylic acid, succinimidyl ester</td>
			<td>Invitrogen</td>
			<td style="width:119px;">A20000</td>
			<td></td>
		</tr>
		<tr height="21">
			<td height="21" style="height:21px;">Isothiocyanate-conjugated albumin</td>
			<td>Sigma Aldrich</td>
			<td style="width:119px;">A9771</td>
			<td></td>
		</tr>
		<tr height="21">
			<td height="21" style="height:21px;">Phosphate buffer saline, 1X</td>
			<td>Wengene</td>
			<td style="width:119px;">LB004-02</td>
			<td></td>
		</tr>
		<tr height="21">
			<td height="21" style="height:21px;">Tween 20&#160;</td>
			<td>Sigma Aldrich</td>
			<td style="width:119px;">P1379</td>
			<td></td>
		</tr>
		<tr height="21">
			<td height="21" style="height:21px;">Epifluorescence microscope</td>
			<td>Olympus</td>
			<td style="width:119px;">IX-71</td>
			<td></td>
		</tr>
		<tr height="21">
			<td height="21" style="height:21px;">Charged-coupled device camera</td>
			<td>Hamamtsu Co.</td>
			<td style="width:119px;">ImageEM X2</td>
			<td></td>
		</tr>
		<tr height="21">
			<td height="21" style="height:21px;">Source measurement unit</td>
			<td>Keithley Instruments</td>
			<td style="width:119px;">2635A</td>
			<td></td>
		</tr>
		<tr height="21">
			<td height="21" style="height:21px;width:239px;">Covance-MP</td>
			<td style="width:195px;">Femto Science</td>
			<td style="width:119px;"></td>
			<td></td>
		</tr>
	</tbody>
</table>

merging ion concentration polarization between juxtaposed ion exchange membranes to block the propagation of the polarization zone

Ionekonsentrasjonen polarisasjon (ICP) fenomen er en av de mest rådende metoder for å prekonsentrat lav-overflod biologiske prøver. ICP induserer en ikke-invasiv region for ladede biomolekyler (dvs. ion uttømming sone), og målene kan preconcentrated på denne regionen grense. Til tross for de høye preconcentration forestillinger med ICP, er det vanskelig å finne de driftsforhold av ikke-spre ion uttømming soner. For å overvinne denne trange drifts vinduet, vi nylig utviklet en ny plattform for spatiotemporally fast preconcentration. I motsetning til de foregående fremgangsmåter som bare bruker ion uttømming, bruker denne plattformen også den motsatte polariteten av ICP (dvs. ion berikelse) for å stoppe utbredelsen av de ion uttømming sonen. Ved å konfrontere den berikelse sone med utarming sonen, de to sonene flette sammen og slutte. I denne artikkelen beskriver vi en detaljert forsøksprotokoll for å bygge denne spatiotemporally definert ICP Platform og karakterisere preconcentration dynamikken i den nye plattformen ved å sammenligne dem med de for den konvensjonelle anordning. Kvalitative ion konsentrasjonsprofiler og strøm gang svar vellykket fange de ulike dynamikken mellom det fusjonerte ICP og den frittstående ICP. I motsetning til den konvensjonelle en som kan fikse preconcentration beliggenhet bare ~ 5 V, kan den nye plattformen produserer en target-kondensert plugg på et bestemt sted i de brede områder av driftsforhold: spenning (0,5-100 V), ionestyrke (1-100 mM) og pH (03/07 til 10/03).

De skjematiske fremstillingstrinn av en membran integrert mikrofluid preconcentrator er vist i figur 1. En detaljert beskrivelse av fremstillingen er gitt i protokollen. Design og utstyrs bilder av spatiotemporally definert preconcentrator 26 kontrasteres med de av en konvensjonell preconcentrator 11 (figur 2). ICP fenomen i spatiotemporally definert preconcentrator ble undersøkt i form av strømspenning-t...

Watch this Scientific Journal Video about Merging Ion Concentration Polarization between Juxtaposed Ion Exchange Membranes to Block the Propagation of the Polarization Zone at JoVE.com

Merging Ion Concentration Polarization between Juxtaposed Ion Exchange Membranes to Block the Propagation of the Polarization Zone

Protokollen for en ny ionekonsentrasjon polarisasjon (ICP) plattform som kan stanse utbredelsen av ICP sone, uavhengig av driftsforholdene, er beskrevet. Denne unike evne til plattformen ligger i bruk av sammenslåing ion uttømming og berikelse, som er to polariteter av ICP fenomen.

Sammenslåing Ion Konsentrasjon Polarisering mellom sidestilt ionebyttermembraner å blokkere Formering av Polarisering Zone

The ion concentration polarization (ICP) phenomenon is one of the most prevailing methods to preconcentrate low-abundance biological samples. The ICP ...

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