Name: determination of the relative potency of an anti-tnf monoclonal antibody (mab) by neutralizing tnf using an in vitro bioanalytical method
Uploaded: 2017-09-16T14:00:00
Description: Watch this Scientific Journal Video about Determination of the Relative Potency of an Anti-TNF Monoclonal Antibody mAb by Neutralizing TNF Using an In Vitro Bioanalytical Method at JoVE.com

Dette arbejde blev støttet af den nationale råd for videnskab og teknologi (CONACYT), Mexico give PEI CONACYT 2015 220333, uden deltagelse i udformningen af undersøgelsen.

1. forberedelse af medier og løsninger <ol><li>forberede næringssubstratet: RPMI-1640 med 10% FBS, pH 7,4.</li>
	<li>Forbered assay næringssubstratet: RPMI-1640 uden phenol rød, men med 1% FBS, pH 7,4.</li>
	<li>Forberede celle vaskeopløsning: DPBS Mg - og Ca-gratis løsning med 0,02% EDTA, pH 7,4.</li>
	<li>Forberede celle detachement løsning: 0,125% trypsin med 1 mM EDTA.
	<ol><li>Tø 100 mL 0,25% opløsning af trypsin-EDTA og overføre...

<ol>
	<li>Elmore, S. <a target="_blank" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?db=PubMed&cmd=Search&doptcmdl=Citation&defaultField=Title+Word&term=Apoptosis:+A+Review+of+programmed+cell+death.">Apoptosis: A Review of programmed cell death.</a> Toxicol Patho. 35 (4), 495-516 (2007).</li><li>Darwish, R. S. <a target="_blank" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?db=PubMed&cmd=Search&doptcmdl=Citation&defaultField=Title+Word&term=Regulatory+mechanisms+of+apoptosis+in+regularly+dividing+cells.">Regulatory mechanisms of apoptosis in regularly dividing cells.</a> Cell Health Cytoskelet. 2 (1), 59-68 (2010).</li><li>Tracey, D., et al. <a target="_blank" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?db=PubMed&cmd=Search&doptcmdl=Citation&defaultField=Title+Word&term=Tumor+necrosis+factor+antagonist+mechanism+of+action:+A+comprehensive+review.">Tumor necrosis factor antagonist mechanism of action: A comprehensive review.</a> Pharmacol Ther. 117 (2), 244-279 (2008).</li><li>K&#246;rner, H., Sedgwick, J. <a target="_blank" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?db=PubMed&cmd=Search&doptcmdl=Citation&defaultField=Title+Word&term=Tumour+necrosis+factor+and+lymphotoxin:+Molecular+aspects+and+role+in+tissue-specific+autoimmunity.">Tumour necrosis factor and lymphotoxin: Molecular aspects and role in tissue-specific autoimmunity.</a> Immunol Cell Biol. 74 (5), 465-472 (1996).</li><li>Wong, M., et al. <a target="_blank" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?db=PubMed&cmd=Search&doptcmdl=Citation&defaultField=Title+Word&term=TNFa+blockade+in+human+diseases:+Mechanisms+and+future+directions.">TNFa blockade in human diseases: Mechanisms and future directions.</a> Clin Immunol. 126 (2), 121-136 (2008).</li><li>Furst, D. E., Wallis, R., Broder, M., Beenhouwer, D. O. <a target="_blank" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?db=PubMed&cmd=Search&doptcmdl=Citation&defaultField=Title+Word&term=Tumor+necrosis+factor+antagonists:+different+kinetics+and/or+mechanisms+of+action+may+explain+differences+in+the+risk+for+developing+granulomatous+infection.">Tumor necrosis factor antagonists: different kinetics and/or mechanisms of action may explain differences in the risk for developing granulomatous infection.</a> Semin Arthritis Rheum. 36 (3), 159-167 (2006).</li><li>Karvinen, J., et al. <a target="_blank" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?db=PubMed&cmd=Search&doptcmdl=Citation&defaultField=Title+Word&term=Homogeneous+time-resolved+fluorescence+quenching+assay+(LANCE)+for+caspase-3.">Homogeneous time-resolved fluorescence quenching assay (LANCE) for caspase-3.</a> J Biomol Screen. 7 (3), 223-231 (2002).</li><li>Ren, Y. G., et al. <a target="_blank" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?db=PubMed&cmd=Search&doptcmdl=Citation&defaultField=Title+Word&term=Differential+regulation+of+the+TRAIL+death+receptors+DR4+and+DR5+by+the+signal+recognition+particle.">Differential regulation of the TRAIL death receptors DR4 and DR5 by the signal recognition particle.</a> Mol Biol Cell. 15 (11), 5064-5074 (2004).</li><li>Sud, D., Bigbee, C., Flynn, J. L., Kirschner, D. E. <a target="_blank" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?db=PubMed&cmd=Search&doptcmdl=Citation&defaultField=Title+Word&term=Contribution+of+CD8++T+cells+to+control+of+Mycobacterium+tuberculosis+infection.">Contribution of CD8+ T cells to control of Mycobacterium tuberculosis infection.</a> J Immunol. 176 (7), 4296-4314 (2006).</li><li>Strober, W. <a target="_blank" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?db=PubMed&cmd=Search&doptcmdl=Citation&defaultField=Title+Word&term=Trypan+blue+exclusion+test+of+cell+viability.">Trypan blue exclusion test of cell viability.</a> Curr Protoc Immunol. Apendix 3, 3 (2001).</li><li>Ramasubramanyan, N., et al. <a target="_blank" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?db=PubMed&cmd=Search&doptcmdl=Citation&defaultField=Title+Word&term=.">.</a> Low acidic species compositions and methods for producing and using the same. 1, (2014).</li><li>Masters, J. R., Stacey, G. N. <a target="_blank" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?db=PubMed&cmd=Search&doptcmdl=Citation&defaultField=Title+Word&term=Changing+medium+and+passaging+cell+lines.">Changing medium and passaging cell lines.</a> Nat Protoc. 2 (9), 2276-2284 (2007).</li><li>Eskandari, M. K., Nguyen, D. T., Kunkel, S. L., Remick, D. G. <a target="_blank" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?db=PubMed&cmd=Search&doptcmdl=Citation&defaultField=Title+Word&term=WEHI+164+subclone+13+assay+for+TNF:+sensitivity,+specificity,+and+reliability.">WEHI 164 subclone 13 assay for TNF: sensitivity, specificity, and reliability.</a> Immunol Invest. 19 (1), 69-79 (1990).</li><li>Hora, M. S., Rana, R. K., Smith, F. W. <a target="_blank" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?db=PubMed&cmd=Search&doptcmdl=Citation&defaultField=Title+Word&term=Lyophilized+formulations+of+recombinant+tumor+necrosis+factor.">Lyophilized formulations of recombinant tumor necrosis factor.</a> Pharm Res. 9 (1), 33-36 (1992).</li><li>Ponnappan, S., Ponnappan, U. <a target="_blank" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?db=PubMed&cmd=Search&doptcmdl=Citation&defaultField=Title+Word&term=Aging+and+immune+function:+molecular+mechanisms+to+interventions.">Aging and immune function: molecular mechanisms to interventions.</a> Antiox Redox Signal. 14 (8), 1551-1585 (2011).</li><li>Matsumaru, K., Ji, C., Kaplowitz, N. <a target="_blank" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?db=PubMed&cmd=Search&doptcmdl=Citation&defaultField=Title+Word&term=Mechanisms+for+sensitization+to+TNF-induced+apoptosis+by+acute+glutathione+depletion+in+murine+hepatocytes.">Mechanisms for sensitization to TNF-induced apoptosis by acute glutathione depletion in murine hepatocytes.</a> Hepatology. 37 (6), 1425-1434 (2003).</li><li>Camacho-Villegas, T., Mata-Gonzalez, T., Paniagua-Solis, J., Sanchez, E., Licea, A. <a target="_blank" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?db=PubMed&cmd=Search&doptcmdl=Citation&defaultField=Title+Word&term=Human+TNF+cytokine+neutralization+with+a+vNAR+from+Heterodontus+francisci+shark:+a+potential+therapeutic+use.">Human TNF cytokine neutralization with a vNAR from Heterodontus francisci shark: a potential therapeutic use.</a> mAbs. 5 (1), 80-85 (2013).</li><li>M&#228;nnel, D. N., Falk, W. <a target="_blank" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?db=PubMed&cmd=Search&doptcmdl=Citation&defaultField=Title+Word&term=Optimal+induction+of+tumor+necrosis+factor+production+in+human+monocytes+requires+complete+S-form+lipopolysaccharide.">Optimal induction of tumor necrosis factor production in human monocytes requires complete S-form lipopolysaccharide.</a> Infect Immun. 57 (7), 1953-1958 (1989).</li><li>Lis, K., Kuzawi&#324;ska, O., Ba&#322;kowiec-Iskra, E. <a target="_blank" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?db=PubMed&cmd=Search&doptcmdl=Citation&defaultField=Title+Word&term=Tumor+necrosis+factor+inhibitors-state+of+knowledge.">Tumor necrosis factor inhibitors-state of knowledge.</a> Arch Med Sci. 10 (6), 1175-1185 (2014).</li></ol>

Denne beskrivelse hjælper til at bestemme på forhånd den biologiske opførsel af et molekyle under udvikling før dyre og tidskrævende kliniske forsøg er gennemført. Det er også nyttigt for batch til batch release af en godkendt lægemiddel produkt. Det er værd at nævne, at disse analyser er nyttige til at bestemme hvis et molekyle har en passende biologisk virkning med hensyn til dets virkningsmekanisme. Den bio-analytiske metode præsenteres i denne tutorial er kritisk vigtige til sammenligning af for...

Biologiske potens er den kvantitative mål for biologisk aktivitet baseret på de analyserede produktattributter, der er knyttet til de relevante biologiske egenskaber, mængde (udtrykt i masse) er en fysisk-kemiske foranstaltning af proteinindhold. Potens tests, sammen med andre analytiske metoder, der udføres som en del af produktet conformance, stabilitet og sammenlignelige undersøgelser. I denne forstand bruges potens målinger til at vise at produktet batcher opfylder kritiske kvalitetsegenskaber (CQAs) eller kriterier for accept i alle faser af kliniske forsøg og efter markedet godkendelse.
Apoptose er programmeret celledød, naturligt forekommende når cellerne er smittet med en virus, eller når cellerne er understreget af en miljømæssig faktor at kompromiser cellulære levedygtighed og funktion1,2. Blandt andre er apoptose hæmning eller biologiske neutralisering, en af de hovedsagelig kendt terapeutisk mekanismer af mAbs, navnlig i behandlingen af kroniske sygdomme, såsom immun-medieret inflammatoriske lidelser. Anti-TNFα molekyler udøve deres terapeutiske egenskaber ved at blokere interaktion af tumor nekrose faktor alfa (TNFα) med p55 og p75 celle overfladen receptorer3, hvilket forhindrer signal veje, der til sidst føre til cellulært apoptose.
TNFα kan producere betændelse i nogle kroniske sygdomme4. TNFα udskilles spuriously i det ekstracellulære miljø af makrofager, der er vagter af den medfødte immunsystem og de vigtigste aktører i denne form for sygdom5. Som et fælles sti er TNFα deregulering knyttet til patogenesen af disse sygdomme. Uden kontrol og under konstant induktion og cell stress inducerer TNFα celle død og væv degeneration, i sidste ende fører til reumatoid arthritis, Crohns sygdom og andre patologiske profiler6.
TNF-antagonister, der blokerer for samspillet mellem TNF og dets receptorer er i stigende grad blevet brugt som en effektiv behandling at reducere symptomatologi og hindre progressionen af disse sygdomme. I dag, er anti-TNFα drug produkter almindeligt brugt til at styre den systemiske koncentration af dette cytokine, dermed forhindre yderligere degeneration af involverede væv. I denne forstand er at give en reproducerbar og robust bioassay for at beskrive et lægemiddel særlige evne til at nå sin biologiske virkning bydende nødvendigt.
I denne protokol, kritiske trin-identificeret under udviklingen af en neutralisering assay-for vellykket måling af biologiske potens er fremhævet, med særlig vægt på de færdigheder, der kræves for at udføre den bio-analysemetode. Denne bio-analytiske metode giver nyttige sammenlignelige oplysninger mellem forskellige partier eller anti-TNFα lægemidler i forhold til en klinisk testet referencestof.

<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" width="904">
	<tbody>
		<tr height="22">
			<td height="22" style="height:22px;width:203px;">WEHI 164</td>
			<td style="width:111px;">ATCC</td>
			<td style="width:127px;">CRL-1751</td>
			<td style="width:463px;">Fibrosarcoma cells from Mus musculus</td>
		</tr>
		<tr height="22">
			<td height="22" style="height:22px;width:203px;">RPMI-1640 Medium</td>
			<td style="width:111px;">ATCC</td>
			<td style="width:127px;">30-2001</td>
			<td style="width:463px;">Store medium at 2 &#176;C to 8 &#176;C</td>
		</tr>
		<tr height="41">
			<td height="41" style="height:41px;width:203px;">RPMI 1640 Medium, no phenol red</td>
			<td style="width:111px;">GIBCO</td>
			<td style="width:127px;">11835-030</td>
			<td style="width:463px;">Store medium at 2 &#176;C to 8 &#176;C</td>
		</tr>
		<tr height="41">
			<td height="41" style="height:41px;width:203px;">Trypsin-EDTA(0.25%),phenol red</td>
			<td style="width:111px;">GIBCO</td>
			<td style="width:127px;">25200-056</td>
			<td style="width:463px;">Store medium at -10 &#176;C to -20 &#176;C</td>
		</tr>
		<tr height="41">
			<td height="41" style="height:41px;width:203px;">DPBS, no calcium, no magnesium</td>
			<td style="width:111px;">GIBCO</td>
			<td style="width:127px;">14190-136</td>
			<td style="width:463px;">Store medium at 2 &#176;C to 8 &#176;C</td>
		</tr>
		<tr height="43">
			<td height="43" style="height:43px;width:203px;">Recombinant Human TNF-alpha Protein</td>
			<td style="width:111px;">R&#38;D Systems</td>
			<td style="width:127px;">210-TA-020</td>
			<td style="width:463px;">Store at -20 &#176;C to -70 &#176;C</td>
		</tr>
		<tr height="41">
			<td height="41" style="height:41px;width:203px;">Fetal Bovine Serum (U.S), Super Low IgG</td>
			<td style="width:111px;">HyClone</td>
			<td style="width:127px;">SH3089803</td>
			<td style="width:463px;">Store at -10 &#176;C to -20 &#176;C</td>
		</tr>
		<tr height="41">
			<td height="41" style="height:41px;width:203px;">Fetal Bovine Serum (U.S.), Characterized</td>
			<td style="width:111px;">HyClone</td>
			<td style="width:127px;">SH3007103</td>
			<td style="width:463px;">Store at -10 &#176;C to -20 &#176;C</td>
		</tr>
		<tr height="41">
			<td height="41" style="height:41px;width:203px;">Caspase-Glo 3/7 Assay kit</td>
			<td style="width:111px;">Promega</td>
			<td style="width:127px;">G8093</td>
			<td style="width:463px;">Store the Caspase-Glo. 3/7 Substrate and Caspase-Glo. 3/7 Buffer at &#8211;20 &#186;C protected fromLight</td>
		</tr>
		<tr height="61">
			<td height="61" style="height:61px;width:203px;">EDTA, Disodium Salt, Dihydrate, Crystal, A.C.S. Reagent</td>
			<td style="width:111px;">J.T.Baker</td>
			<td style="width:127px;">8993-01</td>
			<td style="width:463px;">--</td>
		</tr>
		<tr height="61">
			<td height="61" style="height:61px;width:203px;">Sample mAb Adalimumab</td>
			<td style="width:111px;">Probiomed</td>
			<td style="width:127px;">NA</td>
			<td style="width:463px;">Final concentrations in the microplate are:&#160; 0.666, 0.333, 0.167, 0.111, 0.083, 0.056, 0.042, 0.028, 0.014 and 0.004 &#956;g/mL</td>
		</tr>
		<tr height="61">
			<td height="61" style="height:61px;width:203px;">Reference and Control mAb Adalimumab</td>
			<td style="width:111px;">Abbvie</td>
			<td style="width:127px;">NA</td>
			<td style="width:463px;">Final concentrations in the microplate are:&#160; 0.666, 0.333, 0.167, 0.111, 0.083, 0.056, 0.042, 0.028, 0.014 and 0.004 &#956;g/mL</td>
		</tr>
		<tr height="43">
			<td height="43" style="height:43px;width:203px;">Microplate Reader</td>
			<td style="width:111px;">Molecular Devices</td>
			<td style="width:127px;">89429-536</td>
			<td style="width:463px;">SpectraMax M3 Multi-Mode</td>
		</tr>
		<tr height="43">
			<td height="43" style="height:43px;width:203px;">Microplate reader Software&#160;</td>
			<td style="width:111px;">Molecular Devices</td>
			<td style="width:127px;">--</td>
			<td style="width:463px;">SoftMax Pro 6.3 GxP</td>
		</tr>
		<tr height="22">
			<td height="22" style="height:22px;width:203px;">Incubator&#160;</td>
			<td>Revco&#160;</td>
			<td>30482</td>
			<td style="width:463px;">Revco RNW3000TABB Forced-Air CO2</td>
		</tr>
		<tr height="43">
			<td height="43" style="height:43px;width:203px;">Laminar Flow Hood&#160;</td>
			<td style="width:111px;">The Baker Company&#160;&#160;</td>
			<td>200256</td>
			<td style="width:463px;">Baker SG603A-HE | High Efficiency, Class II Type A2&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;</td>
		</tr>
	</tbody>
</table>

determination of the relative potency of an anti-tnf monoclonal antibody (mab) by neutralizing tnf using an in vitro bioanalytical method

Denne protokol viser måling af apoptotiske aktivitet neutralisering af TNFα i en mus fibroblast celle model (WEHI 164) ved hjælp af en anti-TNFα mAb. Denne protokol kan desuden bruges til at evaluere andre anti-TNFα molekyler, såsom fusion proteiner. Den cellulære model ansat her er følsom over for TNFα-medieret apoptose, når en yderligere stressfaktor er induceret i celle kultur betingelser (fx serum afsavn). Denne fremgangsmåde er et eksempel på hvordan man kan udføre denne analytisk assay, fremhæve de centrale operationer vedrørende prøveforberedelse, celle fortynding, apoptose induktion og spektrofotometriske målinger, der er afgørende for at sikre succesfulde resultater. Denne protokol afslører de bedst ydende betingelser med hensyn til apoptose induktion og effektiv signal optagelse, fører til lav usikkerhed værdier.

Dosis-respons Graf (med kontrol) 
Figur 1 repræsenterer luminescence svar versus mAb koncentration. Denne sigmoide funktion eksemplificerer caspase 3 og 7 release assay dyrkningsmedium på grund af celle lysering. Celledød forstærkes af serum sult plus TNFα signalering induktion. Derfor, anti-TNFα molekyle (mAb) interagerer med cytokin, hæmmende (af sterisk hindring) sin interaktion med TNF celle receptoren. Dette forårsager celle o...

Watch this Scientific Journal Video about Determination of the Relative Potency of an Anti-TNF Monoclonal Antibody mAb by Neutralizing TNF Using an In Vitro Bioanalytical Method at JoVE.com

Determination of the Relative Potency of an Anti-TNF Monoclonal Antibody mAb by Neutralizing TNF Using an In Vitro Bioanalytical Method

En protokol til bestemmelse af relativ anti-apoptotiske aktiviteten af en anti-TNFα mAb ved hjælp af en neutralisering mekanisme med WEHI 164 celler er præsenteret her. Denne protokol er nyttig til sammenligning neutralisering styrken af forskellige molekyler med den samme biologiske funktioner.

Bestemmelse af den Relative potens af en Anti-TNF monoklonale antistof (mAb) af Neutralizing TNF ved hjælp af en In Vitro bioanalytisk metode

This protocol shows the measurement of the apoptotic activity neutralization of TNF&#945; in a mouse fibroblast cell model (WEHI 164) using an ...

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Determination of the Relative Potency of an Anti-TNF Monoclonal Antibody (mAb) by Neutralizing TNF Using an In Vitro Bioanalytical Method

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