Name: scanning light scattering profiler (slps) based methodology to quantitatively evaluate forward and backward light scattering from intraocular lenses
Uploaded: 2017-06-06T15:30:00
Description: Watch this Scientific Journal Video about Scanning Light Scattering Profiler SLPS Based Methodology to Quantitatively Evaluate Forward and Backward Light Scattering from Intraocular Lenses at JoVE.com

作者要感谢公司获取其单焦点和多焦点人工晶状体。这项工作得到了橡树岭科学与教育研究所（ORISE）和医疗器械研究金计划（MDFP）的支持，他们的贡献也得到了赞赏。此外，作者还要感谢宋代在实验室的贡献。

SLSP测量平台准备注意：所有对准步骤都需要精确和耐心，以确保在测量光散射时进行准确的定量。 图1中提供的SLSP设置概述。这里，插图（ 图1a ）显示了SLSP设置的基本概念。此外， 图1b和1c有助于定义讨论中引用的各种角度。具体来说，在图1b和1c中定义了以下三个角度：˚R（传感器旋转角度），˚S?...

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Ophthalmol. 127 (4), 576-577 (2009).</li><li>Landry, R. J., Ilev, I. K., Pfefer, T. J., Wolffe, M., Alpar, J. J. <a target="_blank" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?db=PubMed&cmd=Search&doptcmdl=Citation&defaultField=Title+Word&term=Characterizing+reflections+from+intraocular+lens+implants.">Characterizing reflections from intraocular lens implants.</a> Eye. 21 (8), 1083-1086 (2007).</li><li>Kim, D. H., James, R. H., Landry, R. J., Calogero, D., Anderson, J., Ilev, I. K. <a target="_blank" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?db=PubMed&cmd=Search&doptcmdl=Citation&defaultField=Title+Word&term=Quantification+of+glistenings+in+intraocular+lenses+using+a+ballistic-photon+removing+integrating-sphere+method.">Quantification of glistenings in intraocular lenses using a ballistic-photon removing integrating-sphere method.</a> Appl. 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SLSP平台实验的结果发现，使用简单的光学测量原理可以为评估与独特IOL设计和材料相关的光散射性质提供强大的工具。具体地说，SLSP平台已经观察到可检测散射光的量与光源的光束直径之间的直接相关性。另外，在多焦点IOL中发现的多个分散峰可以用SLSP容易地观察到。此外，随着光源接近掠角，SLSP观察到散射光的大幅度增加，因为大多数光被透镜表面反射。 如协议中所述...

首先引入扫描光散射分析仪（SLSP）方法来解决在非临床环境中定量评估眼内透镜（IOL）的光散射特性的需要1 。开发测试方法来评估IOL设计和材料的光散射趋势是非常有意义的，以帮助识别潜在的不必要的光散射问题。光散射通常由患者报告，并被观察为眩光，闪光，光学缺陷和其他形式的功能障碍2 ，有时导致患者要求IOL移植。除了偏心光，散射光减少了弹道光的数量，导致较低的整体图像质量3 。开发可以非临床评估IOL潜能来散射入射光的装置（后来与临床报告的结果相关）c有用的评估IOL的光学性质（用于在白内障手术后替代人晶状体的镜片）是特别有意义的，因为它是世界上最常用的植入医疗器械（每年近2000万） 4和美国（超过3每年百万） 5 。因此，甚至有一小部分报告失调症的患者可能会产生很大的影响。此外，快速改进的技术（ 例如新的IOL设计，材料和光学能力）有可能增加与光散射有关的问题。例如，多焦点IOL已被设计为通过设计利用折射和衍射光学原理的透镜来改善近视和远视力。虽然这些镜片非常成功，但也发现这些镜片增加报道的光晕和眩光的量，这主要与光6的散射有关</s了&gt;。 一些非临床实验室研究试图通过IOL预测来自散射光的异常斑。例如，研究已经确定，IOL触觉（用于将其置于原位的IOL的手臂）和IOL的边缘容易诱发大量的观察到的眩光散射光8 。引入了一种方法，即弹道 - 光子去除积分球法（BRIM），以定量测量通过IOL 9后的非弹道光总量。然而，这种高灵敏度的技术被设计来测量散射光的总强度，并且不能识别散射光的方向性。计算机仿真软件可以与模型眼睛一起使用，以帮助预测各种IOL设计和材料的光散射的强度和方向性。例如，IOL边缘诱发Ligh的倾向模拟t散射以识别限制散射光量10的设计 。此外，结合米氏散射理论的计算机模拟验证了增加的光散射可以减少IOL的调制传递函数（MTF）（与图像质量的直接相关性） 3 。虽然有帮助，但实际的台架测试是验证这些预测模拟所必需的。 为了验证预测模拟，需要进行台架测试，以便能够检测和定量评估两种不同形式的散射光，前向散射和反向散射光。虽然不是摄像斑的来源，但是由于较少的光通过IOL以最终到达视网膜，所以向后散射的光（远离眼睛的光散射）是降低图像质量的原因。向前散射的光（向视网膜散射的光）是眼科医生的关注点可能会导致晕眩的投诉（ 如眩光，晕圈和闪光）。一个常见的例子是夜间驾驶过程中通过迎面而来的车辆报告额外的不必要的眩光;这个问题在多灶性IOLs 11中是特别常见的。然而，目前确定潜在的前向散射光的做法是眼科医生将光照射到患者的眼睛上，并定性观察反射回多少光（反向散射光），并假设后向散射光将与前向散射大致相同光（并不总是这样） 12 。 在这里，我们描述一种简单的测试方法，使用光学测量原理来定量测量散射光通过人工晶状体的大小和方向。 SLSP通过将光电二极管传感器360度旋转在暴露于光的IOL的周围来操作我们见图1a 。我们选择绿色激光源（543 nm），以最好地代表已知的最佳摄影量，并符合国际标准规格13 。这里，将IOL适配到旋转和平移保持器，其中光电二极管传感器可以围绕并观察从透镜散射的光。因此，SLSP具有定量测量散射光的大小和方向性的独特能力。然而，尽管这里没有描述，为了更好的预测能力，应该在受控环境中使用适当的眼睛模型进行实验。 IOL和光学传感器之间的距离（以及传感器元件的尺寸）将决定设备的分辨能力;然而，根据需要，将需要调整解决方案和信号强度之间的折衷。 准确描述原则SLSP平台我们定义了三种旋转角度， 见图1b和1c 。具体地说，旋转角度（°R）表示光电二极管传感器围绕IOL旋转时的旋转。这里，当传感器位于透镜后面（反向散射光）时，0˚R表示传感器位于透镜前方（向前散射光）时180˚R。 90˚和270˚的角度表示前后散射光的转换点。传感角（˚S）表示传感器枢转（上下方向）的程度，以便可以检测多于一个散射光平面。这里，0˚S表示传感器表面平行于IOL（和光源）。最后，入射角（˚I）表示光源接近IOL的角度。这里，0˚I对应于当入射光在IOL的光轴上时，＃730;将表示当光源垂直于Meridional平面时。

<table border="1" fo:keep-together.within-page="1" fo:keep-with-next.within-page="always">
	<tbody>
		<tr>
			<td>PD300 series Photodiode Sensor</td>
			<td>Ophir-Spiricon Corp</td>
			<td>7Z02410</td>
			<td>PD300-1W, RoHS</td>
		</tr>
		<tr>
			<td>URS Series Precision Rotation Stage</td>
			<td>Newport Corp.</td>
			<td>URS75BCC</td>
			<td></td>
		</tr>
		<tr>
			<td>ESP301 1-Axis Motion Controller and Driver</td>
			<td>Newport Corp.</td>
			<td>ESP301-1N</td>
			<td></td>
		</tr>
		<tr>
			<td>LabView Software</td>
			<td>National Instruments Corp.</td>
			<td>776671-35</td>
			<td></td>
		</tr>
		<tr>
			<td>Origin</td>
			<td>OriginLab Corp.</td>
			<td>N/A</td>
			<td></td>
		</tr>
		<tr>
			<td>Single Mode FC/APC Fiber Optic Patch Cables</td>
			<td>ThorLabs Inc.</td>
			<td>P3-460B-FC</td>
			<td></td>
		</tr>
		<tr>
			<td>10X Olympus Plan Achromat Objective</td>
			<td>ThorLabs Inc.</td>
			<td>RMS10X</td>
			<td>RMS10X - 10X Olympus Plan Achromat Objective, 0.25 NA, 10.6 mm WD&#160;</td>
		</tr>
	</tbody>
</table>

scanning light scattering profiler (slps) based methodology to quantitatively evaluate forward and backward light scattering from intraocular lenses

已经开发了扫描光散射分析仪（SLSP）方法，用于使用角度光度计原理从眼内透镜（IOL）的前向和后向光散射进行全角度定量评估。该协议描述了SLSP平台，以及它如何采用360度旋转光电检测器传感器，它在IOL样品周围扫描，同时记录散射光通过IOL介质时的强度和位置。 SLSP平台可用于非临床预测当前和新颖的IOL设计和材料诱导光散射的倾向。 IOL的光散射特性的非临床评估可以显着减少与不想要的眩光，闪光，光学缺陷，差的图像质量以及与非预期的光散射相关的其他现象的患者投诉的数量。应进行未来研究，以将SLSP数据与临床结果相关联以帮助确定测量光散射对于在IOL植入后经历白内障手术的患者是最有问题的。

当传感器不位于光源平面上时，光度测量可以产生360˚R的信号。然而，为了从光源平面上的散射光（0˚I）采集测量结果，传感器将需要对光源进行摄像，从而产生小于360˚R的信号。在我们的实验中，确定〜20˚R的信号被阻挡，因为传感器遮挡了光源。 实验发现，直接向后散射光（〜150˚-175˚R和〜185˚-225˚R）的左右两侧观察到?...

Watch this Scientific Journal Video about Scanning Light Scattering Profiler SLPS Based Methodology to Quantitatively Evaluate Forward and Backward Light Scattering from Intraocular Lenses at JoVE.com

Scanning Light Scattering Profiler SLPS Based Methodology to Quantitatively Evaluate Forward and Backward Light Scattering from Intraocular Lenses

该协议描述了扫描光散射分析仪（SLSP），其使用角度光度计原理对来自眼内透镜（IOL）的光的前向和后向散射进行全角度定量评估。

基于扫描光散射分析器（SLPS）的方法来量化评估来自眼内镜的前向和后向光散射

The scanning light scattering profiler (SLSP) methodology has been developed for the full-angle quantitative evaluation of forward and backward light ...

Research

JoVE Journal

Engineering

Scanning Light Scattering Profiler (SLPS) Based Methodology to Quantitatively Evaluate Forward and Backward Light Scattering from Intraocular Lenses

Measuring Spatially- and Directionally-varying Light Scattering from Biological Material

从生物材料空间定向变化的光散射测量

Light interacts with an organism's integument on a variety of spatial scales. For example in an iridescent bird: nano-scale structures produce color; the ...

科研

工程学

Using Neutron Spin Echo Resolved Grazing Incidence Scattering to Investigate Organic Solar Cell Materials

使用中子自旋回声解决放牧发生率散射调查有机太阳能电池材料

The spin echo resolved grazing incidence scattering (SERGIS) technique has been used to probe the length-scales associated with irregularly shaped ...

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Imaging morphological changes that occur during the lifetime of rechargeable batteries is necessary to understand how these devices fail. Since the advent ...

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Plasmonics, which are based on the collective oscillation of electrons due to light excitation, involve strongly enhanced local electric fields and thus ...

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Synchrotron radiation micro-tomography (SR&#181;T) is a non-destructive three-dimensional (3D) imaging technique that offers high flux for fast data ...

Stimulated Stokes and Antistokes Raman Scattering in Microspherical Whispering Gallery Mode Resonators

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Dielectric microspheres can confine light and sound for a length of time through high quality factor whispering gallery modes (WGM). Glass microspheres ...

Fabrication of White Light-emitting Electrochemical Cells with Stable Emission from Exciplexes

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The authors present an approach for fabricating stable white light emission from polymer light-emitting electrochemical cells (PLECs) having an active ...

Synchrotron X-ray Microdiffraction and Fluorescence Imaging of Mineral and Rock Samples

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In this report, we describe a detailed procedure for acquiring and processing&#160;x-ray microfluorescence (&#956;XRF), and Laue and powder ...

O-cresol Concentration Online Measurement Based On Near Infrared Spectroscopy Via Partial Least Square Regression

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Unlike macroscopic process variables, near-infrared spectroscopy provides process information at the molecular level and can significantly improve the ...

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行星光的散射和吸收

Theoretical, numerical, and experimental methods are presented for multiple scattering of light in macroscopic discrete random media of densely-packed ...