Name: synthesis of hydrogels with antifouling properties as membranes for water purification
Uploaded: 2017-04-07T14:00:00
Description: Watch this Scientific Journal Video about Synthesis of Hydrogels with Antifouling Properties As Membranes for Water Purification at JoVE.com

We gratefully acknowledge the financial support of this work by the Korean Carbon Capture and Sequestration R&amp;D Center (KCRC).

1. Preparación del prepolímero Soluciones <ol><li> Preparación usando agua como disolvente <ol><li> Añadir 10.00 g de agua desionizada (DI) a una botella de vidrio con una barra de agitación magnética. </li><li> Mida 2,00 g de SBMA y la transfiere a la botella de vidrio que contiene el agua. Agitar la solución durante 30 min, hasta que el SBMA se disuelva completamente. </li><li> En un frasco aparte, añadir 20,00 g de PEGDA (M n = 700 g / mol). </li><li> Añadir 20,0 mg de 1-hidroxi...

<ol>
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Hemos demostrado un método fácil para preparar películas de cocción y membranas impregnadas basados ​​en hidrogeles de ion híbrido. La desaparición de tres (met) acrilato de picos característicos (es decir, 810, 1.190, y 1.410 cm-1) en los espectros IR de las películas poliméricas obtenidas y se impregna la membrana (Figura 2) indica la buena conversión de los monómeros y agente de reticulación 4, 19,</su...

Hay una gran necesidad de desarrollar tecnologías eficientes y de bajo costo y de energía para producir agua potable con el fin de satisfacer la creciente demanda. Membranas poliméricos han surgido como una tecnología líder para la purificación de agua debido a sus ventajas inherentes, tales como su alta eficiencia energética, de bajo costo y simplicidad en la operación 1. Las membranas permiten que el agua pura para penetrar a través de y rechazar los contaminantes. Sin embargo, las membranas son a menudo sometidos a ensuciamiento por contaminantes en el agua de alimentación, que pueden ser adsorbidos sobre la superficie de la membrana a partir de sus interacciones favorables 2, 3. El ensuciamiento puede disminuir dramáticamente el flujo de agua a través de las membranas, lo que aumenta el área de membrana requerida y el coste de purificación de agua. Un enfoque eficaz para mitigar el ensuciamiento es modificar la superficie de la membrana para incrementar la hidrofilicidad y por lo tanto disminuir la favorable eninteracciones entre la superficie de la membrana y suciedades. Un método es utilizar recubrimiento de película fina con superhidrófilo 3 hidrogeles. Los hidrogeles a menudo tienen una alta permeabilidad al agua; por lo tanto, un recubrimiento de película delgada puede aumentar la permeabilidad al agua a largo plazo a través de la membrana debido a las incrustaciones mitigada, a pesar del aumento de la resistencia ligeramente transporte a través de toda la membrana. Los hidrogeles también se pueden fabricar directamente en las membranas impregnadas de purificación de agua en aplicaciones osmóticos 4. Materiales de ion híbrido contener ambos grupos funcionales cargados positiva y negativamente, con una carga neutra neta, y tener una fuerte hidratación de la superficie a través de-electrostática inducida por enlace de hidrógeno 5, 6, 7, 8, 9. Las capas de hidratación fuertemente unidos actúan como físicay barreras de energía, la prevención de incrustantes se adhiera sobre la superficie, lo que demuestra excelentes propiedades antiincrustantes 10. Polímeros de ion híbrido, tales como poli (metacrilato de sulfobetaína) (PSBMA) y poli (metacrilato de carboxibetaína) (PCBMA), se han utilizado para modificar la superficie de la membrana mediante el recubrimiento 11, 12, 13, 14, 15, 16, 17, 18 para aumentar hidrofilia de la superficie y por lo tanto propiedades antiincrustantes. Demostramos aquí un método fácil para preparar hidrogeles de ion híbrido utilizando metacrilato de sulfobetaína (SBMA) a través de la fotopolimerización, que se reticula usando poli (etilenglicol) diacrilato (PEGDA, M n = 700 g / mol) para mejorar la resistencia mecánica. También se presenta unaprocedimiento para la construcción de membranas sólidas mediante la impregnación del monómero y reticulante en un soporte hidrófobo altamente poroso antes de la fotopolimerización. Las propiedades físicas y de transporte de agua de las películas de cocción y membranas impregnadas se caracterizan a fondo para dilucidar la relación estructura / propiedad para la purificación de agua. Los hidrogeles preparados se pueden utilizar como un recubrimiento de superficie para mejorar las propiedades de separación de membrana. Mediante el ajuste de la densidad de reticulación o por impregnación en soportes porosos hidrófobos, estos materiales también se pueden formar películas delgadas con suficiente resistencia mecánica para los procesos osmóticos, tales como ósmosis u ósmosis 4-presión retrasado hacia adelante.

<table border="1" fo:keep-together.within-page="1" fo:keep-with-next.within-page="always">
	<tbody>
		<tr>
			<td>Poly(ethylene glycol) diacrylate&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160; Mn = 700 (PEGDA)</td>
			<td>Sigma Aldrich</td>
			<td>455008</td>
			<td></td>
		</tr>
		<tr>
			<td>1-Hydroxycyclohexyl phenyl ketone, 99% (HCPK)</td>
			<td>Sigma Aldrich</td>
			<td>405612</td>
			<td></td>
		</tr>
		<tr>
			<td>[2-(Methacrloyloxy)ethyl dimethyl-(3-sulfopropyl) ammonium hydroxide, 97%</td>
			<td>Sigma Aldrich</td>
			<td>537284</td>
			<td>Acutely Toxic</td>
		</tr>
		<tr>
			<td>Ethanol, 95%</td>
			<td>Koptec, VWR International</td>
			<td>V1101</td>
			<td>Flamable</td>
		</tr>
		<tr>
			<td>Decane, anhydrous, 99%</td>
			<td>Sigma Aldrich</td>
			<td>457116</td>
			<td></td>
		</tr>
		<tr>
			<td>Solupor Membrane</td>
			<td>Lydall</td>
			<td>7PO7D</td>
			<td></td>
		</tr>
		<tr>
			<td>Micrometer&#160;</td>
			<td>Starrett</td>
			<td>2900-6</td>
			<td></td>
		</tr>
		<tr>
			<td>ATR-FTIR</td>
			<td>Vertex 70</td>
			<td></td>
			<td></td>
		</tr>
		<tr>
			<td>DSC: TA Q2000</td>
			<td>TA Instruments</td>
			<td></td>
			<td></td>
		</tr>
		<tr>
			<td>Rame&#8217;-hart Goniometer: Model 190</td>
			<td>Rame&#8217;-hart Instruments</td>
			<td></td>
			<td></td>
		</tr>
		<tr>
			<td>Ultraviolet Crosslinker: CX-2000</td>
			<td>Ultra-Violet Products</td>
			<td></td>
			<td>UV radiation&#160;</td>
		</tr>
		<tr>
			<td>Permeation Cell: Model UHP-43</td>
			<td>Advantec MFS</td>
			<td></td>
			<td></td>
		</tr>
		<tr>
			<td>Deionized Water: Milli-Q Water</td>
			<td>EMD Millipore</td>
			<td></td>
			<td></td>
		</tr>
	</tbody>
</table>

synthesis of hydrogels with antifouling properties as membranes for water purification

Los hidrogeles se han utilizado ampliamente para mejorar la hidrofilia de la superficie de las membranas de purificación de agua, el aumento de las propiedades antiincrustantes y por lo tanto el logro de la permeabilidad al agua estable a través de membranas con el tiempo. Aquí, se presenta un método fácil para preparar hidrogeles basados ​​en iones híbridos para aplicaciones de membrana. películas de cocción se pueden preparar a partir de metacrilato de sulfobetaína (SBMA) con un agente de reticulación de poli (etilenglicol) diacrilato (PEGDA) a través de fotopolimerización. Los hidrogeles se pueden preparar también por impregnación en soportes porosos hidrófobos para mejorar la resistencia mecánica. Estas películas se pueden caracterizar por atenuada Fourier de reflexión total espectroscopia infrarroja con transformada (ATR-FTIR) para determinar el grado de conversión de los grupos (met) acrilato, usando goniómetros para calorimetría hidrofilia y diferencial de barrido (DSC) para la dinámica de la cadena de polímero. También informamos protocolos para determinar la permeabilidad al agua en filtraci callejón sin salidasistemas ción y el efecto de suciedades (albúmina de suero bovino, BSA) en el rendimiento de la membrana.

Películas autoestables preparadas con las soluciones de prepolímero especificados en los pasos 1.1 y 1.2 se refieren como S50 y S30, respectivamente. La información detallada se muestra en la Tabla 1. La solución de prepolímero se especifica en el paso 1.2 también se utilizó para fabricar membranas impregnadas, que se indican como IMS30. Debido a que el soporte poroso está hecho de polietileno hidrófobo, sólo l...

Watch this Scientific Journal Video about Synthesis of Hydrogels with Antifouling Properties As Membranes for Water Purification at JoVE.com

Synthesis of Hydrogels with Antifouling Properties As Membranes for Water Purification

This paper reports practical methods to prepare hydrogels in freestanding films and impregnated membranes and to characterize their physical properties, including water transport properties.

Síntesis de hidrogeles con propiedades antiincrustantes como membranas de purificación de agua

Hydrogels have been widely utilized to enhance the surface hydrophilicity of membranes for water purification, increasing the antifouling properties and ...

The overall goal of this procedure is to prepare and characterize freestanding films and impregnated membranes based on zwitterionic hydrogels for membrane water purification. This method provide guidance for repairing hydrogel base freestanding film in impregnated membrane and as well as for characterizing their physical and transport properties. The main advantage of this technique is that it's simple, fast, and easy to be scaled up in industrial production.Visual demonstration of this method is critical as the integrated hydrogel preparation and characterization steps are difficult to learn because custom built apparatus is used, and interdisciplinary skills are required. To prepare the freestanding films, first place two spacers of known thickness on a clean quartz disc. The thickness of the spacers controls the thickness of the obtained polymer films.Transfer a small amount of the pre-polymer solution to the quartz disc using a disposable pipette. Place another quartz disc on top of the liquid and ensure that there are no bubbles in the liquid film. Then, place the sample in an ultraviolet or UV crosslinker and irradiate it for five minutes using UV light with a wavelength of 254 nanometers.When the polymer film is removed from the quartz disc, it is critical to work slowly to avoid tearing the film. Separate the polymer film from the quartz discs using a sharp blade. Use tweezers to transfer the film to a deionized water bath.Change the water twice during the first 24 hours to remove the solvent, unreacted monymer and crosslinker, and solve from the film. To prepare dried films for analysis, remove the film from the water bath and allow it to air dry for 24 hours. Place the film in a vacuum oven at 80 degrees Celsius to dry overnight under vacuum.Place a sheet of porous support onto a quartz disc. Using a foam brush, coat each side of the support twice with a prepolymer solution that is based on the water ethanol mixture. Place another quartz disc on top of the support.Then place the sample in a UV crosslinker and irradiate it for five minutes using UV light with a wavelength of 254 nanometers. To remove the impregnated membrane from the quartz discs, immerse the whole assembly in a deionized water bath for five minutes and carefully remove the membrane using a sharp blade and tweezers. Keeping the membrane in deionized water, change the water twice to remove the solvent, the unreacted monymer and crosslinker, and the sol from the membrane.To prepare dried, impregnated membranes for analysis, remove the membrane from the water bath, allow the membrane to dry at ambient conditions for 24 hours. Then, dry the membrane in a vacuum oven overnight at 80 degrees Celsius under vacuum. To measure the contact angles using the pendant drop method, first cut a rectangular strip of the membrane sample.Soak this strip in deionized water for 10 minutes. And then dry it for five minutes. Place the dried sample on the sample holder.Then, submerge the sample holder in a transparent environmental chamber containing the deionized water. In the next step, it is critical to work slowly and dispensing the n-decane drops onto the membranes. Using a microliter syringe with a stainless steel needle, dispense drops of n-decane onto the membrane sample.Leave the setup undisturbed for two minutes to ensure the stabilization of the droplets. Next, use appropriate image analysis software to determine the contact angle of the samples by measuring the angles of the dispensed droplets on the membrane surface. To characterize the water permeability using a dead end filtration system, first cut coupons of freestanding films and impregnated membranes with a hammer driven hole punch of an appropriate diameter.Place a prepared coupon on the porous support inside a dead end filtration cell. Then, place the O ring on top of the sample. Screw the two halves of the permeation cell together.Next, add approximately 50 milliliters of deonized water to the permeation cell. Screw on the cap and place the permeation cell on a magnetic stirrer. Set the stirring rate to between 300 and 900 RPM.Then, place a covered beaker on a balance to collect the permeate water and tear the balance. Open the valve on the gas cylinder. Turn the pressure regulator valve clockwise until the desired pressure is reached.Finally, open the release valve to deliver the pressure to the permeation cell. Monitor and record the weight of the beaker with time. Shown here are photos of the freestanding film, porous support, and impregnated membranes.It is evidence that after the porous support is filled with the hydrogel, it changes from opaque to transparent. The infrared spectra indicate the almost complete conversion of the acryllate groups in the hydrogels. Due to the absence of acryllate characteristic peaks in the spectra.The glass transition temperature of hydrogels is determined by differential scan calorimetry as shown here. Lower contact angles in the freestanding films and impregnated membranes indicate the greater hydrophilicity than the porous support. After watching this video you should have a good understanding of how to repair hydrogel base materials and characterize their properties.This work describes a faster method to fabricate hydrogel based material via photopolymerizations as well as how to characterize them for water purification. The method and material may also be used to repair membrane for gas operations such as CO2 capture. Don't forget that working with chemical and UV radiation can be extremely hazardous and precautions such as personal protective equipment should always be taken while performing this procedure.

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Preparación de Membranas Light responden por un injerto superficial combinado y proceso de modificación posterior

In order to modify the surface tension of commercial available track-edged polymer membranes, a procedure of surface-initiated polymerization is ...

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Combination of Microstereolithography and Electrospinning to Produce Membranes Equipped with Niches for Corneal Regeneration

Combinación de Microstereolithography y electrospinning para Fabricación de membranas Equipado con nichos para la regeneración de la córnea

Corneal problems affect millions of people worldwide reducing their quality of life significantly. Corneal disease can be caused by illnesses such as ...

Three-Dimensionally Printed Microfluidic Cross-flow System for Ultrafiltration/Nanofiltration Membrane Performance Testing

Sistema de flujo cruzado tridimensionalmente Impreso de microfluidos para la ultrafiltración / Pruebas de rendimiento membrana de nanofiltración

Minimization and management of membrane fouling is a formidable challenge in diverse industrial processes and other practices that utilize membrane ...

Transport Properties of Ibuprofen Encapsulated in Cyclodextrin Nanosponge Hydrogels: A Proton HR-MAS NMR Spectroscopy Study

Propiedades de transporte de ibuprofeno encapsulado en ciclodextrina nanoesponja hidrogeles: un protón HR-MAS RMN Espectroscopia de Estudio

The chemical cross-linking of &#946;-cyclodextrin (&#946;-CD) with ethylenediaminetetraacetic dianhydride (EDTA) led to branched polymers referred to as ...

The Synthesis of RGD-functionalized Hydrogels as a Tool for Therapeutic Applications

La síntesis de hidrogeles funcionalizado-RGD como una herramienta para aplicaciones terapéuticas

The use of polymers as biomaterials has provided significant advantages in therapeutic applications. In particular, the possibility to modify and ...

Synthesis of Biocompatible Liquid Crystal Elastomer Foams as Cell Scaffolds for 3D Spatial Cell Cultures

Síntesis de biocompatibles de cristal líquido de elastómero Espumas como andamios celulares para 3D espaciales Cultivos Celulares

Here, we present a step-by-step preparation of a 3D, biodegradable, foam-like cell scaffold. These scaffolds were prepared by cross-linking star block ...

Ultrathin Porated Elastic Hydrogels As a Biomimetic Basement Membrane for Dual Cell Culture

Hidrogeles ultrafino Porated elástico como una membrana del sótano biomiméticos para doble cultura de la célula

The basement membrane is a critical component of cellular bilayers that can vary in stiffness, composition, architecture, and porosity. In vitro studies ...

Synthesis of Multi-walled Carbon Nanotubes Modified with Silver Nanoparticles and Evaluation of Their Antibacterial Activities and Cytotoxic Properties

Síntesis de nanotubos de carbono multipared modificados con nanopartículas de plata y la evaluación de sus actividades antibacterianas y propiedades citotóxicas

In this study, multi-walled carbon nanotubes (MWCNTs) were treated with an aqueous sulfuric acid solution to form an oxygen-based functional group. Silver ...

Immobilization of Live Caenorhabditis elegans Individuals Using an Ultra-thin Polydimethylsiloxane Microfluidic Chip with Water Retention

Immobilization of Live Caenorhabditis elegans Individuals Using an Ultra-thin Polydimethylsiloxane Microfluidic Chip with Water Retention

Inmovilización de personas en Caenorhabditis elegans con un Chip de microfluidos polidimetilsiloxano ultra-delgada de retención de agua

Radiation is widely used for biological applications and for ion-beam breeding, and among these methods, microbeam irradiation represents a powerful means ...

Controlled Strain of 3D Hydrogels under Live Microscopy Imaging

Cepa controlada de hidrogeles 3D bajo imágenes de microscopía en vivo

External forces are an important factor in tissue formation, development, and maintenance. The effects of these forces are often studied using specialized ...