Name: battery of behavioral tests assessing general locomotion, muscular strength, and coordination in mice
Uploaded: 2018-01-23T12:30:00
Description: Watch this Scientific Journal Video about Battery of Behavioral Tests Assessing General Locomotion, Muscular Strength, and Coordination in Mice at JoVE.com

我们要感谢新希望研究基金会继续支持和资助我们的调查。我们还要感谢理事会对这项工作的部分财政支持。

本文所述的所有协议都是按照女王大学动物保育委员会的批准进行的。行为测试的频率可以是每周或每月, 或者是两个的组合 (即,每周一次, 当你期望看到最大的差异, 每月在别处)。
注意: 小鼠的行为研究主要是性/年龄/应变依赖性, 因此, 必须收集适当的时间点, 并保持一致的跨实验组。环境因素 (例如,气味、噪音、温度、湿度照明、等) 极大地影响了小鼠?...

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对所有的测试, 清洁和消毒的表面, 以尽量减少感染和干扰的小鼠。同时, 在使用经常、RR 和 MT 时, 一定要让老鼠在试验之间和行为测试之间有足够的休息时间。
在经常的情况下, 关键的是每个鼠标都放在开放字段的中间, 并在鼠标释放到中心时启动程序。确保没有手的动作, 传感器可以注册后启动程序。
对于 MT, 重要的是有一个屏障之间的网格区域的鼠标?...

行为测试的目的是测量表型特征, 无论是研究新的小鼠模型的疾病影响中枢神经系统或试用新的治疗。有各种各样的行为测试可供选择。使用行为测试组合的基本原理通常是充分评估临床治疗前的结果。行为测试的电池包括开放现场测试 (经常), 网格测试 (MT) 和 rotarod 测试 (RR)。
常用于一般运动活动的测量1,2,3,4,5,6,7。此评估允许鼠标在一个开放的领域自由移动, 并采取的测量是鼠标在行为试验过程中的动作。使用一个经常包括饲养, 距离移动, 时间花费移动 (例如,行走和跑步) 和活动随着时间的变化 (例如,跳跃和慢/多动运动) 的定量分析, 这就是为什么它是一个有用的和彻底分析啮齿动物的行为。
MT 用于评估鼠标的强度1,2,8,910。使用所有的四肢体挂断铁丝网网格允许非侵入性测量的能力的小鼠表现出持续的肢体张力, 而反对的影响重力。这一评估是通过把鼠标放在一个倒置的网格上, 并定时它的滞后时间下降。这项测试通过测量在脱落前它能在倒置的屏幕上保持多久来评估鼠标的肌肉强度。
RR在使用加速协议1、2、7、8、9、1213中评估鼠标的协调性。rotarod 装置由一个圆柱形光束组成, 在空气中旋转 4 rpm。鼠标可以学习这种运动协调的技能, 然后由缓慢, 增量增加到 40 rpm 挑战。经典的, 恒定速度协议是衡量肌肉力量, 而加速的协议为 RR 评估协调, 耐力和肌肉力量1,2,7,14。
这三行为测试的优点是, 他们被广泛接受的整个啮齿动物行为测试社区2,7,8,9, 当采取不只是作为总和个别测试, 但总的来说, 他们可以被用来作为一个全球评估的表型行为时, 调查不同的结果, 实验治疗。经常是唯一的测试为整体运动活动2。RR 也是评估协调2的唯一方法之一, 而不是使用步态分析软件, 这在这里不会讨论。有几种方法可以评估老鼠的肌肉强度;然而, 使用 MT, 或线挂测试, 已被普遍使用的文献和被接受为可靠的方法测试肌肉力量2,8,9,10,11. 测量一般运动和协调的许多其他技术非常耗时, 可能不会产生可靠的数据 (例如,手动定时鼠标移动或手动绘制用于步态分析的爪子)。自动系统的经常和 RR 增加了数据的可靠性和有效性, 并节省了时间和精力。
例如, 考虑到山德霍夫病小鼠模型的神经, 在执行这一测试电池时, 经常会是这些测试的第一个, 用来评估通常在3月大的时候从这个小鼠模型中看到的运动异常。在12周的年龄, 运动协调方面的赤字也应该开始显现。肌肉力量的缺陷应该在14周的年龄开始, 但最终会比16周更重要。
这些测试是有用的, 当研究导致重大运动损伤的疾病, 包括神经退行性疾病9如山德霍夫疾病1,8,13, 帕金森病7,亨廷顿氏病多发性硬化症这些测试还可以用来研究衰老, 并进行比较的老年评估或健康测量。步态紊乱和运动和平衡的变化在许多这些疾病状态中被看到。然而, 这些测试的用处并不局限于有普遍神经肌肉症状的疾病。
请注意, 在动机或任何被描述的行为测试措施的新奇性方面, 都没有发现混杂变量。在老鼠显示出任何表型症状之前, 研究者获得初步的行为数据是某些疾病状态和病症的必要条件;研究员应该周期性地 (每周) 保证所有马达损伤被交代。许多疾病有快速出现的表型症状, 没有每周的测试, 这些症状不会被占。

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battery of behavioral tests assessing general locomotion, muscular strength, and coordination in mice

行为测试用于临床前试验, 以评估特定疾病或治疗对动物的福祉和健康的表型效应和结果。有许多行为测试可以应用。我们选择了一般运动测试, 野外测试 (经常);肌肉强度的测试, 网格测试 (MT);和测试的协调, rotarod 测试 (RR)。测试可以在每周或每月的基础上完成。作为一般运动的一个测试, 经常工作通过客观地监测运动参数, 而鼠标是在野外设备。该领域通常是一个 2 ' x 2 ' 盒, 并通过激光传感或视频捕获记录的运动。鼠标放在开放字段的中心, 允许自由移动以进行测试。MT 使用鼠标从一个倒置的屏幕上掉下来作为衡量肌肉力量的时间。将鼠标放在屏幕上, 在一个清晰的框上反转, 并定时等待它们的滞后时间下降。进行了三项试验, 最好的三项试验是在当天取得的。六十年代的分数是鼠标左倒的最长时间。在网格测试试验中, 给老鼠5分钟的休息时间。最后, 关于 RR 的加速的协议评估马达协调和耐力。在试验中, 鼠标在旋转杆上行走, 因为它在转速从 4 rpm 增加到 40 rpm 超过5分钟。试验结束时, 鼠标接触磁化压力传感器后下降。每只老鼠经历了三次试验, 最好的试验是在那一天取得的。这种综合行为数据允许对测试动物的移动性、协调性、强度和运动进行全球评估。在三行为测试措施中, 至少有两项必须表现出对动物的改进, 以使其具有整体改善运动功能的资格。

研究动物可以每周或每月接受行为测试范式, 以适应分析所需的必要时间点。有关行为测试计时的示例, 请参见图 1 。在下面的代表性数据中, 取自 Osmon et al。(2016), 小鼠每月接受行为测试, 从12周开始, 直到他们的人性化终点大约40周龄。行为测试的时间对实验来说有时是至关重要的, 特别是当未经处理的与经过治疗的动物的生存范围很广并且需要进行比?...

Watch this Scientific Journal Video about Battery of Behavioral Tests Assessing General Locomotion, Muscular Strength, and Coordination in Mice at JoVE.com

Battery of Behavioral Tests Assessing General Locomotion, Muscular Strength, and Coordination in Mice

行为测试用于临床试验, 以评估疾病或治疗对动物福祉的表型影响。为了在全球范围内评估电机的功能, 我们选择了一般运动, 肌肉力量和协调的测试: 开放现场测试, 网格测试, 和 rotarod 测试, 分别。

用于评估一般运动、肌肉力量和小鼠协调性的行为测试电池

Behavioral testing is used in pre-clinical trials to assess the phenotypic effects and outcomes that a particular disease or treatment has on the ...

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