Name: induction of mesenchymal-epithelial transitions in sarcoma cells
Uploaded: 2017-04-07T15:00:00
Description: Watch this Scientific Journal Video about Induction of Mesenchymal-Epithelial Transitions in Sarcoma Cells at JoVE.com

JAS riconosce il sostegno del duca Cancer Institute, The Duke University genito-urinario Laboratorio di Oncologia, e il Dipartimento di Ortopedia dell&#39;Università Duke. HL è stato sostenuto dalla National Science Foundation (NSF) Centro di Fisica Teorica biologica (NSF PHY-1.427.654) e NSF DMS-1.361.411, e come un CPRIT (prevenzione del cancro e Research Institute del Texas) Scholar Ricerca sul Cancro dello Stato del Texas alla Rice University. KEW stato supportato dal NIH F32 CA192630 MKJ e HL beneficiato utili discussioni con Mary C. Farach-Carson, JN Onuchic, Samir M. Hanash, Kenneth J. Pienta, e Donald S. Coffey.

1. Preparazione dei reagenti <ol><li> Preparare DMEM per coltura cellulare aggiungendo 50 ml di siero fetale bovino (FBS) e 5 mL di penicillina-streptomicina (5.000 U / ml) a 500 ml di DMEM. Questo terreno può essere conservato a 4 ° C per un massimo di sei mesi. </li><li> Risospendere primer liofilizzati in acqua priva di nucleasi ad una concentrazione finale di 10 uM. primer negozio risospese a -20 ° C. </li><li> Preparare dosaggio radioimmunoprecipitazione (RIPA) tampone (150 mM NaCl, 0.5% desossicolato sodico, ...

<ol>
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I sarcomi sono rari, ma altamente aggressivi tumori di un lignaggio mesenchimale. Nonostante la loro lignaggio mesenchimali, un sottogruppo di sarcomi sembra subire una transizione fenotipica ad un epiteliale stato simile più. Questo interruttore TEM-like ha rilevanza prognostica, come pazienti con più tumori epiteliali-simili sono meno aggressivi 24. Nonostante la loro rilevanza clinica, ci sono pochi studi che riguardano i meccanismi molecolari mappa queste transizioni fenotipiche in sarcomi....

An erratum was issued for: <a href="https://www.jove.com/video/55520/induction-of-mesenchymal-epithelial-transitions-in-sarcoma-cells">Induction of Mesenchymal-Epithelial Transitions in Sarcoma Cells</a>. An author name was updated.
One of the authors&#39; names was corrected from:
Shenghan Xu
to:
Shengnan Xu

An erratum was issued for: <a href="https://www.jove.com/video/55520/induction-of-mesenchymal-epithelial-transitions-in-sarcoma-cells">Induction of Mesenchymal-Epithelial Transitions in Sarcoma Cells</a>. An author name was updated.

Erratum: Induction of Mesenchymal-Epithelial Transitions in Sarcoma Cells

plasticità fenotipica si riferisce ad una transizione reversibile tra fenotipi cellulari, ed è generalmente suddiviso in due tipi, epiteliali-to-mesenchimale (EMT) transizioni e mesenchimali-to-epiteliale transizioni (TEM). Questa plasticità fenotipica gioca un ruolo importante nei normali processi di organismi multicellulari, come lo sviluppo e la guarigione della ferita 1; tuttavia, questi stessi percorsi e programmi di espressione genica può anche portare a malattie come la fibrosi (valutata in 2, 3, 4) e carcinoma metastasi (valutata in riferimento 5, 6, 7, 8). Durante la metastasi, per esempio, EMT sconvolge la polarità delle cellule, le interazioni cellula-cellula, e promuove l&#39;invasione 9, 10. Insieme, EMT contribuires ad uno stato fenotipico che facilita la diffusione delle cellule tumorali. Inoltre, EMT comporta anche una serie di altre alterazioni fenotipiche che guidano un fenotipo aggressivo, tra deregolazione del metabolismo delle cellule del cancro 6, lo sviluppo di resistenza ai farmaci 11, 12, maggiore capacità tumore-apertura 13, 14 e ospitare evasione immune 15. plasticità fenotipica è stato ben studiato nella progressione carcinoma; Tuttavia, sarcomi presentano inoltre plasticità fenotipica. È interessante notare che sembra come se alcuni degli stessi conducenti di plasticità fenotipica in carcinomi contribuiscono anche al sarcoma plasticità e l&#39;aggressività. Ad esempio, è stato dimostrato cellule tumorali circolanti (CTC) di pazienti con sarcoma di esprimere EpCAM, una proteina di superficie cellulare che si trova in genere su cellule epiteliali 16. Addizionale, 250 campioni sarcomi dei tessuti molli sono stati classificati come epiteliali simile o mesenchimali come base di espressione genica. I pazienti nella firma biomarker epiteliale simile hanno avuto una prognosi migliore rispetto ai pazienti con la firma biomarcatore mesenchimali simil-17. Ciò è coerente con molti carcinomi, in cui i pazienti con più carcinomi epiteliali-come hanno risultati migliori rispetto ai pazienti con più tumori mesenchimali simil-18. Mentre alcuni sarcomi visualizzano biomarker e percorsi di espressione genica coerenti con il TEM, le basi molecolari di questa plasticità fenotipica rimangono poco compresi. Per studiare i meccanismi e gli autisti di MET nel sarcoma abbiamo sviluppato un modello di induzione MET usando due fattori specifici epiteliali, il microRNA (miR) -200 famiglia e grainyhead-like 2 (GRHL2). I miR-200 sono una famiglia di piccoli RNA non codificanti che regolano l&#39;espressione genica legandosi alla UTR di messen 3&#39;ger RNA e prevenire traduzione in proteina. La famiglia miR-200 è costituito da due sottogruppi - uno contenente miR-141 e miR-200a, e l&#39;altro tra cui miR-200b, 200c-miR, e miR-429. I membri della famiglia miR-200 sono arricchite nei tessuti epiteliali, e la perdita di miR-200 è associata con metastasi nei carcinomi 19. La famiglia miR-200 è anche downregulated in sarcomi dei tessuti molli rispetto al tessuto normale 20. Simile alle MIR-200s, GRHL2 è un regolatore chiave che è importante per lo sviluppo epiteliale 21. Il fattore di trascrizione GRHL2 agisce in due modi per upregulate geni epiteliali, come E-caderina: 1) Nelle cellule epiteliali, GRHL2 reprime direttamente il principale regolatore EMT, ZEB1 22; e 2) GRHL2 direttamente attiva la trascrizione dei geni epiteliali 23. Le nostre indagini precedenti hanno dimostrato che l&#39;espressione combinata di miR-200 e GRHL2 in cellule di sarcomainduce un fenotipo MET simile 24. Qui, presentiamo un protocollo dettagliato per creare un modello in vitro del TEM induzione in cellule di sarcoma usando l&#39;espressione ectopica di miR-200 e GRHL2.

<table border="1" fo:keep-together.within-page="1" fo:keep-with-next.within-page="always">
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			<td>Countess automated counter</td>
			<td>Life technologies</td>
			<td>AMQAX1000</td>
			<td></td>
		</tr>
		<tr>
			<td>Countess cell counting chamber slides</td>
			<td>Invitrogen</td>
			<td>C10283</td>
			<td></td>
		</tr>
		<tr>
			<td>SimpliAmp Thermal Cycler</td>
			<td>Thermo Fisher</td>
			<td>A24811</td>
			<td></td>
		</tr>
		<tr>
			<td>Odyssey Fc</td>
			<td>LI-COR Inc</td>
			<td></td>
			<td></td>
		</tr>
		<tr>
			<td>ViiA7 Real Time PCR System</td>
			<td>Thermo Fisher</td>
			<td>4453536</td>
			<td></td>
		</tr>
		<tr>
			<td>PCR microplate</td>
			<td>Corning</td>
			<td>321-29-051</td>
			<td></td>
		</tr>
		<tr>
			<td>KAPA SYBR Fast Universal qPCR Kit</td>
			<td>KAPA Biosystems</td>
			<td>KK4602</td>
			<td></td>
		</tr>
		<tr>
			<td>Starting Block (PBS) Blocking Buffer</td>
			<td>Thermo Fisher</td>
			<td>37538</td>
			<td>BSA-based blocking buffer</td>
		</tr>
		<tr>
			<td>Agarose General Purpose LE</td>
			<td>Genesee Scientific</td>
			<td>20-102</td>
			<td></td>
		</tr>
		<tr>
			<td>10X Tris/Glycine/SDS Buffer</td>
			<td>Bio-Rad Laboratories Inc</td>
			<td>161-0732</td>
			<td>Running buffer</td>
		</tr>
		<tr>
			<td>10X Tris/Glycine Buffer</td>
			<td>Bio-Rad Laboratories Inc</td>
			<td>161-0734</td>
			<td>Transfer buffer</td>
		</tr>
		<tr>
			<td>RIPA Buffer</td>
			<td>Sigma Life Sciences</td>
			<td>SLBG8489</td>
			<td></td>
		</tr>
		<tr>
			<td>Amersham Protran 0.45 &#956;m nitrocellulose</td>
			<td>GE Healthcare Lifesciences</td>
			<td>10600012</td>
			<td></td>
		</tr>
		<tr>
			<td>Quick-RNA MiniPrep Kit</td>
			<td>Genesee Scientific</td>
			<td>11-358</td>
			<td></td>
		</tr>
		<tr>
			<td>Laemmli Sample Buffer (4X)</td>
			<td>Bio-Rad Laboratories Inc</td>
			<td>1610747</td>
			<td></td>
		</tr>
		<tr>
			<td>Mini Trans-Blot Cell</td>
			<td>Bio-Rad Laboratories Inc</td>
			<td>1703930</td>
			<td></td>
		</tr>
		<tr>
			<td>Mini-Protean Tetra Cell</td>
			<td>Bio-Rad Laboratories Inc</td>
			<td>1658005EDU</td>
			<td></td>
		</tr>
		<tr>
			<td>DPBS</td>
			<td>Life technologies</td>
			<td>14190-144</td>
			<td></td>
		</tr>
		<tr>
			<td>0.05% Trypsin-EDTA</td>
			<td>Life technologies</td>
			<td>11995-065</td>
			<td></td>
		</tr>
		<tr>
			<td>DMEM</td>
			<td>Life technologies</td>
			<td>11995-065</td>
			<td></td>
		</tr>
		<tr>
			<td>Lipofectamine RNAi Max</td>
			<td>Thermo Fisher</td>
			<td>13778150</td>
			<td></td>
		</tr>
		<tr>
			<td>Lipofectamine 2000 Ragents</td>
			<td>Thermo Fisher</td>
			<td>11668019</td>
			<td></td>
		</tr>
		<tr>
			<td>Penicillin Streptomycin</td>
			<td>Life technologies</td>
			<td>15140-122</td>
			<td></td>
		</tr>
		<tr>
			<td>miRVana miRNA mimic negative control #1</td>
			<td>Thermo Fisher</td>
			<td>4464058</td>
			<td>neg miRNA</td>
		</tr>
		<tr>
			<td>hsa-miR-200 mirVana miRNA mimic</td>
			<td>Thermo Fisher</td>
			<td>4464066</td>
			<td>miR200A</td>
		</tr>
		<tr>
			<td>has-miR-200 mirVana miRNA mimic</td>
			<td>Thermo Fisher</td>
			<td>4404066</td>
			<td>miR200B</td>
		</tr>
		<tr>
			<td>has-miR-200 mirVana miRNA mimic</td>
			<td>Thermo Fisher</td>
			<td>4404066</td>
			<td>miR200C</td>
		</tr>
		<tr>
			<td>Opti-MEM</td>
			<td>Life technologies</td>
			<td>11088-021</td>
			<td>serum-free media</td>
		</tr>
		<tr>
			<td>anti-Ecadherin antibody</td>
			<td>BD Bioscience</td>
			<td>610182</td>
			<td></td>
		</tr>
		<tr>
			<td>anti-beta actin</td>
			<td>Santa Cruz Biotechnology</td>
			<td>sc-69879</td>
			<td></td>
		</tr>
		<tr>
			<td>anti-EpCam</td>
			<td>Ab Serotec</td>
			<td>MCA18706</td>
			<td></td>
		</tr>
		<tr>
			<td>anti-ZO1</td>
			<td>Invitrogen</td>
			<td>402200</td>
			<td></td>
		</tr>
		<tr>
			<td>IRDye 800W</td>
			<td>LI-COR Inc</td>
			<td>925-32210</td>
			<td></td>
		</tr>
		<tr>
			<td>IRDye 680</td>
			<td>LI-COR Inc</td>
			<td>926-32223</td>
			<td></td>
		</tr>
		<tr>
			<td>anti-mouse AlexaFluor 647</td>
			<td>Thermo Fisher</td>
			<td>A211241</td>
			<td></td>
		</tr>
		<tr>
			<td>anti-rabbit AlexaFluor 647</td>
			<td>Thermo Fisher</td>
			<td>ab150075</td>
			<td></td>
		</tr>
		<tr>
			<td>Halt Protease and Phosphatesse Inhibitor</td>
			<td>Thermo Fisher</td>
			<td>1861281</td>
			<td></td>
		</tr>
		<tr>
			<td>Precision Plus Protein Dual Color</td>
			<td>Bio-Rad Laboratories Inc</td>
			<td>161-0374</td>
			<td></td>
		</tr>
		<tr>
			<td>Partec CellTrics</td>
			<td>Sysmex</td>
			<td>04-004-2326</td>
			<td>30 &#956;m filter for flow</td>
		</tr>
		<tr>
			<td>GAPDH-F</td>
			<td>IDT</td>
			<td></td>
			<td>AGCCACATCGCTCAGACAC</td>
		</tr>
		<tr>
			<td>GAPDH-R</td>
			<td>IDT</td>
			<td></td>
			<td>GCCCAATACGACCAAATCC</td>
		</tr>
		<tr>
			<td>Ecadherin-F</td>
			<td>IDT</td>
			<td></td>
			<td>TGGAGGAATTCTTGCTTTGC</td>
		</tr>
		<tr>
			<td>Ecadherin-R</td>
			<td>IDT</td>
			<td></td>
			<td>CGCTCTCCTCCGAAGAAAC</td>
		</tr>
		<tr>
			<td>ZEB1-F</td>
			<td>IDT</td>
			<td></td>
			<td>GCATACAGAACCCAACTTGAACGTC</td>
		</tr>
		<tr>
			<td>ZEB1-R</td>
			<td>IDT</td>
			<td></td>
			<td>CGATTACACCCAGACTGC</td>
		</tr>
		<tr>
			<td>NOTCH-F</td>
			<td>IDT</td>
			<td></td>
			<td>GGCAATCCGAGGACTATGAG</td>
		</tr>
		<tr>
			<td>NOTCH-R</td>
			<td>IDT</td>
			<td></td>
			<td>CTCAGAACGCACTCGTTGAT</td>
		</tr>
		<tr>
			<td>nitro blue tetrazolium&#160;</td>
			<td>Sigma</td>
			<td>N5514</td>
			<td></td>
		</tr>
		<tr>
			<td>hexadimethrine bromide</td>
			<td>Sigma</td>
			<td>H9268</td>
			<td>polybrene</td>
		</tr>
		<tr>
			<td>3 mL syringe</td>
			<td>BD Bioscience</td>
			<td>309657</td>
			<td></td>
		</tr>
		<tr>
			<td>Sterile syringe filter</td>
			<td>VWR</td>
			<td>28145-505</td>
			<td></td>
		</tr>
		<tr>
			<td>5mL polypropylene round-bottom tube</td>
			<td>352063</td>
			<td></td>
			<td>flow cytometry tubes</td>
		</tr>
		<tr>
			<td>High-Capacity cDNA Reverse Transcription Kit</td>
			<td>Thermo Fisher</td>
			<td>4368814</td>
			<td>reverse transcription kit</td>
		</tr>
		<tr>
			<td>4% paraformaldyhyde</td>
			<td>Santa Cruz Biotechnology</td>
			<td>sc-281612</td>
			<td></td>
		</tr>
		<tr>
			<td>Triton-X100</td>
			<td>Sigma</td>
			<td>93443</td>
			<td></td>
		</tr>
		<tr>
			<td>bovine serum albumin</td>
			<td>Sigma</td>
			<td>A7906</td>
			<td></td>
		</tr>
	</tbody>
</table>

induction of mesenchymal-epithelial transitions in sarcoma cells

plasticità fenotipica si riferisce a un fenomeno in cui le cellule transitoriamente ottenere tratti di un altro lineage. Durante la progressione del carcinoma, plasticità fenotipica spinge l&#39;invasione, la diffusione e le metastasi. Infatti, mentre la maggior parte degli studi di plasticità fenotipica sono stati nel contesto di carcinomi epiteliali derivate, si scopre sarcomi, che sono mesenchimali in origine, anche esibire plasticità fenotipica, con un sottoinsieme di sarcomi subire un fenomeno che assomiglia a un mesenchymal- transizione epiteliale (TEM). Qui, abbiamo sviluppato un metodo comprendendo la famiglia miR-200 e grainyhead-like 2 (GRHL2) per imitare questo fenomeno MET-come osservato nel sarcoma paziente samples.we sequenzialmente esprimono GRHL2 e la famiglia miR-200 utilizzando la trasduzione delle cellule e trasfezione, rispettivamente , per meglio comprendere le basi molecolari di queste transizioni fenotipiche in cellule di sarcoma. cellule di sarcoma che esprimono miR-200 e GRHL2 hanno dimostrato una maggiore caratteristica atmosfera epitelialeCI della morfologia cellulare e le modificazioni del epiteliali e mesenchimali biomarker. Studi futuri usando questi metodi possono essere utilizzati per comprendere meglio le conseguenze fenotipiche dei processi MET simili su cellule di sarcoma, quali la migrazione, invasione, propensione metastatica, e resistenza alla terapia.

Schema per l&#39;induzione MET in cellule di sarcoma Una cronologia generale per l&#39;induzione di modifiche MET simili in cellule di sarcoma è mostrato in Figura 1. Il protocollo inizia trasduzione GRHL2 (Figura 1A), seguita da trasfezione della famiglia miR-200 (Figura 1B). familiari GRHL2 o miR-200 non erano in grado di influenzare l&#39;aspetto delle cellule RD quando espre...

Watch this Scientific Journal Video about Induction of Mesenchymal-Epithelial Transitions in Sarcoma Cells at JoVE.com

Induction of Mesenchymal-Epithelial Transitions in Sarcoma Cells

Presentiamo qui un metodo di coltura cellulare per indurre transizioni mesenchimali-epiteliale (MET) in cellule di sarcoma basato su espressione ectopica combinata di microRNA-200 familiari e grainyhead-like 2 (GRHL2). Questo metodo è adatto per una migliore comprensione dell&#39;impatto biologico della plasticità fenotipica sull&#39;aggressività cancro e trattamenti.

Induzione di mesenchimali-epiteliale transizioni in cellule di sarcoma

Phenotypic plasticity refers to a phenomenon in which cells transiently gain traits of another lineage. During carcinoma progression, phenotypic ...

Research

JoVE Journal

Developmental Biology

Direct Induction of Human Neural Stem Cells from Peripheral Blood Hematopoietic Progenitor Cells

Induzione diretta di cellule staminali neurali umane da cellule periferiche del sangue emopoietiche progenitrici

Human disease specific neuronal cultures are essential for generating in vitro models for human neurological diseases. However, the lack of access to ...

Ricerca

Biologia dello sviluppo

Direct Induction of Hemogenic Endothelium and Blood by Overexpression of Transcription Factors in Human Pluripotent Stem Cells

Induzione diretta di Hemogenic endotelio e Sangue da sovraespressione di fattori di trascrizione in cellule staminali pluripotenti umane

During development, hematopoietic cells arise from a specialized subset of endothelial cells, hemogenic endothelium (HE). Modeling HE development in vitro ...

Chondrogenic Differentiation Induction of Adipose-derived Stem Cells by Centrifugal Gravity

Condrogenico Differenziazione induzione di cellule staminali derivate da tessuto adiposo per gravità centrifuga

Impaired cartilage cannot heal naturally. Currently, the most advanced therapy for defects in cartilage is the transplantation of chondrocytes ...

Directed Differentiation of Primitive and Definitive Hematopoietic Progenitors from Human Pluripotent Stem Cells

Regia di differenziazione dei progenitori ematopoietici primitivi e definitivo da cellule staminali pluripotenti umane

One of the major goals for regenerative medicine is the generation and maintenance of hematopoietic stem cells (HSCs) derived from human pluripotent stem ...

Induction of Hypoxia in Living Frog and Zebrafish Embryos

Induzione di ipossia in rana vivente e embryos zebrafish

Here, we introduce a novel system for hypoxia induction, which we developed to study the effects of hypoxia in aquatic organisms such as frog and ...

Horizontal Whole Mount: A Novel Processing and Imaging Protocol for Thick, Three-dimensional Tissue Cross-sections of Skin

Supporto orizzontale intero: un protocollo di elaborazione e imaging novello per le sezioni trasversali tessute spesse e tridimensionali della pelle

Processing a tissue of interest to generate a microscopic image that supports a scientific argument can be challenging. The acquisition of high-quality ...

Single-cell Photoconversion in Living Intact Zebrafish

Cella singola fotoconversione in Zebrafish intatto vivente

Animal and plant tissue is composed of distinct populations of cells. These cells interact over time to build and maintain the tissue and can cause ...

Computational Analysis of the Caenorhabditis elegans Germline to Study the Distribution of Nuclei, Proteins, and the Cytoskeleton

Computational Analysis of the Caenorhabditis elegans Germline to Study the Distribution of Nuclei, Proteins, and the Cytoskeleton

Analisi computazionale della linea germinale Caenorhabditis elegans di studiare la distribuzione dei Nuclei, le proteine ed il citoscheletro

The Caenorhabditis elegans (C. elegans) germline is used to study several biologically important processes including stem cell development, apoptosis, and ...

Induction and Validation of Cellular Senescence in Primary Human Cells

Induzione e convalida della senescenza cellulare in cellule umane primarie

Cellular senescence is a state of permanent cell cycle arrest activated in response to different damaging stimuli. Activation of cellular senescence is a ...

Induction of Endothelial Differentiation in Cardiac Progenitor Cells Under Low Serum Conditions

Induzione di differenziazione endoteliale in cellule progenitrici cardiache in condizioni di basso del siero

Cardiac progenitor cells (CPCs) may have therapeutic potential for cardiac regeneration after injury. In the adult mammalian heart, intrinsic CPCs are ...