Name: comprehensive endovascular and open surgical management of cerebral arteriovenous malformations
Uploaded: 2017-10-20T12:30:00
Description: Watch this Scientific Journal Video about Comprehensive Endovascular and Open Surgical Management of Cerebral Arteriovenous Malformations at JoVE.com

Forfatterne takker alle kliniske lagene bidrar daglig til pleie av AVM pasienter ved UCSD.

alle prosedyrene som er beskrevet nedenfor utføres som standard omsorg for pasienter med cerebral AVMs, etter å innhente informert samtykke som institusjonelle retningslinjer.
 1. første pasienten evaluering og bildebehandling Merk: pasienter med unruptured AVMs ofte presentere etter misdannelse er oppdaget på bildebehandling for hodepine eller anfall workup. Pasienter med sprukket AVMs ofte presentere med akutt innsettende hodepine, kvalme, oppkast, svakhet, nu...

<ol>
	<li>Spetzler, R. F., Martin, N. A. <a target="_blank" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?db=PubMed&cmd=Search&doptcmdl=Citation&defaultField=Title+Word&term=A+proposed+grading+system+for+arteriovenous+malformations.">A proposed grading system for arteriovenous malformations.</a> J Neurosurg. 65 (4), 476-483 (1986).</li><li>Stapf, C., et al. <a target="_blank" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?db=PubMed&cmd=Search&doptcmdl=Citation&defaultField=Title+Word&term=Predictors+of+hemorrhage+in+patients+with+untreated+brain+arteriovenous+malformation.">Predictors of hemorrhage in patients with untreated brain arteriovenous malformation.</a> Neurology. 66 (9), 1350-1355 (2006).</li><li>Kondziolka, D., McLaughlin, M. R., Kestle, J. R. <a target="_blank" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?db=PubMed&cmd=Search&doptcmdl=Citation&defaultField=Title+Word&term=Simple+risk+predictions+for+arteriovenous+malformation+hemorrhage.">Simple risk predictions for arteriovenous malformation hemorrhage.</a> Neurosurgery. 37 (5), 851-855 (1995).</li><li>Fukuda, K., et al. <a target="_blank" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?db=PubMed&cmd=Search&doptcmdl=Citation&defaultField=Title+Word&term=Multicenter+assessment+of+morbidity+associated+with+cerebral+arteriovenous+malformation+hemorrhages.">Multicenter assessment of morbidity associated with cerebral arteriovenous malformation hemorrhages.</a> J Neurointerv Surg. , (2016).</li><li>Conger, A., Kulwin, C., Lawton, M. T., Cohen-Gadol, A. A. <a target="_blank" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?db=PubMed&cmd=Search&doptcmdl=Citation&defaultField=Title+Word&term=Endovascular+and+microsurgical+treatment+of+cerebral+arteriovenous+malformations:+Current+recommendations.">Endovascular and microsurgical treatment of cerebral arteriovenous malformations: Current recommendations.</a> Surg Neurol Int. 6, (2015).</li><li>Mohr, J. P., et al. <a target="_blank" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?db=PubMed&cmd=Search&doptcmdl=Citation&defaultField=Title+Word&term=Medical+management+with+or+without+interventional+therapy+for+unruptured+brain+arteriovenous+malformations+(ARUBA):+a+multicentre,+non-blinded,+randomised+trial.">Medical management with or without interventional therapy for unruptured brain arteriovenous malformations (ARUBA): a multicentre, non-blinded, randomised trial.</a> Lancet. 383 (9917), 614-621 (2014).</li><li>Crawford, P. M., West, C. R., Chadwick, D. W., Shaw, M. D. <a target="_blank" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?db=PubMed&cmd=Search&doptcmdl=Citation&defaultField=Title+Word&term=Arteriovenous+malformations+of+the+brain:+natural+history+in+unoperated+patients.">Arteriovenous malformations of the brain: natural history in unoperated patients.</a> J Neurol Neurosurg Psychiatry. 49 (1), 1-10 (1986).</li><li>Lawton, M. T., Kim, H., McCulloch, C. E., Mikhak, B., Young, W. L. <a target="_blank" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?db=PubMed&cmd=Search&doptcmdl=Citation&defaultField=Title+Word&term=A+supplementary+grading+scale+for+selecting+patients+with+brain+arteriovenous+malformations+for+surgery.">A supplementary grading scale for selecting patients with brain arteriovenous malformations for surgery.</a> Neurosurgery. 66 (4), 702-713 (2010).</li><li>Hemphill, J. C., et al. <a target="_blank" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?db=PubMed&cmd=Search&doptcmdl=Citation&defaultField=Title+Word&term=Guidelines+for+the+Management+of+Spontaneous+Intracerebral+Hemorrhage:+A+Guideline+for+Healthcare+Professionals+From+the+American+Heart+Association/American+Stroke+Association.">Guidelines for the Management of Spontaneous Intracerebral Hemorrhage: A Guideline for Healthcare Professionals From the American Heart Association/American Stroke Association.</a> Stroke. 46 (7), 2032-2060 (2015).</li><li>Gross, B. A., Frerichs, K. U., Du, R. <a target="_blank" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?db=PubMed&cmd=Search&doptcmdl=Citation&defaultField=Title+Word&term=Sensitivity+of+CT+angiography,+T2-weighted+MRI,+and+magnetic+resonance+angiography+in+detecting+cerebral+arteriovenous+malformations+and+associated+aneurysms.">Sensitivity of CT angiography, T2-weighted MRI, and magnetic resonance angiography in detecting cerebral arteriovenous malformations and associated aneurysms.</a> J Clin Neurosci. 19 (8), 1093-1095 (2012).</li><li>Hashimoto, T., Young, W. L. <a target="_blank" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?db=PubMed&cmd=Search&doptcmdl=Citation&defaultField=Title+Word&term=Anesthesia-related+considerations+for+cerebral+arteriovenous+malformations.">Anesthesia-related considerations for cerebral arteriovenous malformations.</a> Neurosurg Focus. 11 (5), 5 (2001).</li><li>Seldinger, S. I. <a target="_blank" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?db=PubMed&cmd=Search&doptcmdl=Citation&defaultField=Title+Word&term=Catheter+replacement+of+the+needle+in+percutaneous+arteriography;+a+new+technique.">Catheter replacement of the needle in percutaneous arteriography; a new technique.</a> Acta. 39 (5), 368-376 (1953).</li><li>Abando, A., Hood, D., Weaver, F., Katz, S. <a target="_blank" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?db=PubMed&cmd=Search&doptcmdl=Citation&defaultField=Title+Word&term=The+use+of+the+Angioseal+device+for+femoral+artery+closure.">The use of the Angioseal device for femoral artery closure.</a> J Vasc Surg. 40 (2), 287-290 (2004).</li><li>Deshaies, E. M., et al. <a target="_blank" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?db=PubMed&cmd=Search&doptcmdl=Citation&defaultField=Title+Word&term=Multimodality+intraoperative+neurophysiological+monitoring+during+Onyx+embolization+of+cerebrovascular+malformations.">Multimodality intraoperative neurophysiological monitoring during Onyx embolization of cerebrovascular malformations.</a> Neurodiagn J. 55 (1), 12-24 (2015).</li><li>Vi&#241;uela, F., et al. <a target="_blank" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?db=PubMed&cmd=Search&doptcmdl=Citation&defaultField=Title+Word&term=Combined+endovascular+embolization+and+surgery+in+the+management+of+cerebral+arteriovenous+malformations:+experience+with+101+cases.">Combined endovascular embolization and surgery in the management of cerebral arteriovenous malformations: experience with 101 cases.</a> J Neurosurg. 75 (6), 856-864 (1991).</li></ol>

Her viser vi en helhetlig tilnærming til cerebral AVMs via kombinert endovascular og åpne kirurgisk behandling. Kateter angiography er gullstandarden for imaging AVMs, og kirurgisk evaluering og planlegging. Pre-operative embolizations kan forenkle kirurgisk resection, men krever kommunikasjon mellom kirurgisk og interventional lagene å utvikle en optimal strategisk tilnærming. For eksempel kan AVM arteriell matere lettest embolized også være den mest kirurgisk tilgjengelige. Hvis imidlertid de er embolized før ut...

Cerebral Arteriovenøs misdannelser (AVMs), unormal forbindelser mellom arteries og årer uten mellomliggende normal kapillære senger, presentere unike neurosurgical utfordringer. Klassifisert basert på størrelse, tilstedeværelsen av dype drenering vener og involvering av veltalende cortex,1 risiko for blødning for tidligere unruptured AVMs spenner fra 0.9 8% per år,2 med en årlig gjennomsnittlig ruptur risiko for ~ 3%. 3 hemorrhages fra AVMs er forbundet med nesten 10% dødelighet og betydelig sykelighet, opptil 34% av pasienter med moderat til alvorlig funksjonshemninger. 4 tidligere sprukket har AVMs økt årlige blødning priser,2 men relativt lav umiddelbar fare for nytt brudd. Med mindre masse effekt fra en hematom krever akutt inngrep, utføres behandling ofte på valgfag basis etter veiing den forventede naturlige historien en lesjon versus dens behandling-assosiert risiko. 5 , 6
Kirurgisk reseksjon er behandling av valg for lite tilgjengelig AVMs som det umiddelbart og definitivt eliminerer fremtidige blødning risiko. Men gjør høy flow rate av AVMs og økt risiko for AVM-assosiert aneurismer,4,7 kirurgiske resection blant de mest utfordrende av alle neurosurgical tilfeller. Pre-operative embolisering av AVMs å redusere blodstrømmen og fjerne høyrisikoatferd AVM funksjoner kan redusere tekniske utfordringer resection.
Grundig utdannet vaskulær neurosurgeons er unikt posisjonert for å behandle definitivt AVMs ved å utføre både pre-operative angiografi og endovascular embolisering, samt det åpne kirurgisk resection. Her, beskrive vi protokollen for behandling av kirurgisk tilgjengelig cerebral AVMs (som definert av etablerte gradering skala1,8 som kirurg og tverrfaglig konferanse evalueringer) på våre institusjonen.

<table border="1" fo:keep-together.within-page="1" fo:keep-with-next.within-page="always">
	<tbody>
		<tr>
			<td>ChloraPrep Sterilization Solution</td>
			<td>BD, Franklin Lakes, NJ</td>
			<td>260815</td>
			<td>For skin sterilization</td>
		</tr>
		<tr>
			<td>Lidocaine Hcl 1%&#160;</td>
			<td>ACE Surgical Supply, Inc, Brockton, MA</td>
			<td>001-1421</td>
			<td>For local anesthetic</td>
		</tr>
		<tr>
			<td>Micropuncture Groin Access Kit</td>
			<td>Cook Medical, Bloomington, IN</td>
			<td>G56202</td>
			<td>Used for femoral artery access</td>
		</tr>
		<tr>
			<td>0.035 Guidewire&#160;</td>
			<td>Terumo Medical, Somerset, NJ</td>
			<td>GR3506</td>
			<td>Used in conjunction with diagnostic catheters for cerebral angiography</td>
		</tr>
		<tr>
			<td>Cerebral Angiography Diagnostic Catheters&#160;</td>
			<td>Terumo Medical, Somerset, NJ</td>
			<td>CG416</td>
			<td>Used in conjunction with guidewire for cerebral angiography</td>
		</tr>
		<tr>
			<td>Omnipaque Contrast Agent</td>
			<td>GE Healthcare, Chicago, IL&#160;</td>
			<td>Q9965</td>
			<td>Contrast agent for cerebral vessel imaging</td>
		</tr>
		<tr>
			<td>Microcatheter and Microwire</td>
			<td>Covidian, Plymouth, MN</td>
			<td>105-5091-150, 103-0608</td>
			<td>Used for distal arterial catheterization</td>
		</tr>
		<tr>
			<td>Onyx Liquid Embolic</td>
			<td>Covidian, Plymouth, MN</td>
			<td>105-7100-060</td>
			<td>Used for AVM embolization</td>
		</tr>
		<tr>
			<td>Angio-Seal Vascular Closure Device</td>
			<td>St. Jude Medical, St Paul, MN</td>
			<td>610130</td>
			<td>Used for femoral artery closure following angiography/intra-arterial embolization</td>
		</tr>
		<tr>
			<td>Midas Rex High Power Drill System</td>
			<td>Medtronic, Minneapolis, MN</td>
			<td>PM700</td>
			<td>Used for craniotomy&#160;</td>
		</tr>
		<tr>
			<td>Matchstick Drill Bit</td>
			<td>Medtronic, Minneapolis, MN</td>
			<td>10MH30-MN</td>
			<td>Used to create burr hole for craniotomy&#160;</td>
		</tr>
		<tr>
			<td>Tapered Drill Bit</td>
			<td>Medtronic, Minneapolis, MN</td>
			<td>F1/8TA15</td>
			<td>Used to complete craniotomy&#160;</td>
		</tr>
		<tr>
			<td>#11 and 15 Blade Surgical Scalpels</td>
			<td>BD Bard-Parker, Franklin Lakes, NJ</td>
			<td>372615&#160;</td>
			<td>Used for groin incision for angiography and dural opening for external ventricular drain placement or AVM resection</td>
		</tr>
		<tr>
			<td>Metzenbaum Dissecting Scissors</td>
			<td>Stoelting Co, Wood Dale, IL</td>
			<td>52134-01P</td>
			<td>Used for dural opening</td>
		</tr>
		<tr>
			<td>Bone Elevator</td>
			<td>Stoelting Co, Wood Dale, IL</td>
			<td>52169</td>
			<td>Used for separating dura from the inner skull</td>
		</tr>
		<tr>
			<td>Gerald Forceps</td>
			<td>Stoelting Co, Wood Dale, IL</td>
			<td>52106-52</td>
			<td>Used for dural opening and manipulation</td>
		</tr>
		<tr>
			<td>Microsurgical Instruments&#160;</td>
			<td>Accurate Surgical &#38; Scientific Instruments Corporation, Westbury, NY</td>
			<td>ASSI.BML1</td>
			<td>Used for AVM microsurgical resection</td>
		</tr>
		<tr>
			<td>Bipolar Forceps&#160;</td>
			<td>Accurate Surgical &#38; Scientific Instruments Corporation, Westbury, NY</td>
			<td>ASSI.BPNS20423FP</td>
			<td>Used for AVM microsurgical resection</td>
		</tr>
		<tr>
			<td>Electrosurgery Generator</td>
			<td>Bovie Medical Products, Clearwater, FL&#160;</td>
			<td>IDS-200&#160;</td>
			<td>Used for electrosurgical cutting/coagulation</td>
		</tr>
		<tr>
			<td>Small Aneurysm Clips</td>
			<td>Codman Neuro, Raynham, MA</td>
			<td>20-1801</td>
			<td>Used for occlusion of arterial AVM feeders not amenable to coagulation</td>
		</tr>
		<tr>
			<td>Brain Retractors</td>
			<td>Medicon, Tuttlingen, Germany</td>
			<td>22.00.06</td>
			<td>For brain retraction for deep AVM dissection/resection</td>
		</tr>
		<tr>
			<td>Variable Action Suction tip</td>
			<td>Millennium Surgical, Narberth, PA</td>
			<td>6-8607</td>
			<td>For suction with AVM dissection/resection</td>
		</tr>
		<tr>
			<td>Fibrillar Absorbable Hemostatic Agent</td>
			<td>Ethicon, Somerville, NJ</td>
			<td>63713-0019-61</td>
			<td>For hemostatis within surgical cavity</td>
		</tr>
		<tr>
			<td>4-0 Suture</td>
			<td>Ethicon, Somerville, NJ</td>
			<td>C554D</td>
			<td>For dural closure</td>
		</tr>
		<tr>
			<td>2-0 Absorbable Suture</td>
			<td>Ethicon, Somerville, NJ</td>
			<td>J286G</td>
			<td>For deep tissue closure</td>
		</tr>
		<tr>
			<td>3-0 Nylon Suture</td>
			<td>Ethicon, Somerville, NJ</td>
			<td>ET-663G</td>
			<td>For skin closure</td>
		</tr>
		<tr>
			<td>Surgical Staples&#160;</td>
			<td>Medline, Mundelein, IL</td>
			<td>STAPLER35RB</td>
			<td>For skin closure</td>
		</tr>
		<tr>
			<td>Bone Plating System</td>
			<td>Biomet, Warsaw, IN</td>
			<td>15-7378-12</td>
			<td>For bone flap securement</td>
		</tr>
		<tr>
			<td>Operating Microscope</td>
			<td>Leica Microsystems, Buffalo Grove, IL</td>
			<td>M720 OH5</td>
			<td>Used for AVM microsurgical resection</td>
		</tr>
		<tr>
			<td>BrainLab Neuronavigation Imaging System</td>
			<td>Brainlab, Inc, Chicago, IL</td>
			<td>Brainlab Curve&#160;</td>
			<td>Used for AVM microsurgical resection</td>
		</tr>
		<tr>
			<td>Lumbar External Drainage System</td>
			<td>Codman Neuro, Raynham, MA</td>
			<td>K964923</td>
			<td>Used for placement of lumbar drain for CSF drainage</td>
		</tr>
		<tr>
			<td>External Ventricular Drainage Catheter</td>
			<td>Medtronic, Minneapolis, MN</td>
			<td></td>
			<td>Used for placement of ventricular catheter for CSF drainage</td>
		</tr>
		<tr>
			<td>Disposable Raney Scalp Clips</td>
			<td>A&#38;E Medical Corporation, Farmingdale, NJ</td>
			<td>070-001</td>
			<td>Used for scalp hemostasis</td>
		</tr>
	</tbody>
</table>

comprehensive endovascular and open surgical management of cerebral arteriovenous malformations

Arteriovenious misdannelser (AVMs) er knyttet til betydelige sykelighet og dødelighet, og har en ruptur risiko for ~ 3% per år. Behandling av AVMs må tilpasses spesielt lesjonen, med kirurgisk reseksjon er gullstandarden for små, tilgjengelig lesjoner. Pre-operative embolisering av AVMs kan redusere nidal blodstrøm og fjerne høyrisikoatferd AVM funksjoner som intranidal eller venøs aneurismer, og dermed forenkle en utfordrende neurosurgical prosedyre. Her, vi beskriver vår tilnærming for trinnvis endovascular embolisering og åpne fjernelse av AVMs, og fremheve fordelene med å ha en grundig utdannet nevrovaskulære kirurg leder et tverrfaglig klinisk team. Dette inkluderer craniotomy og resection umiddelbart følge siste embolisering scenen, og dermed bruke én enkelt programøkt anestesi for aggressiv embolisering og rask resection. Til slutt gir vi en representant ved en 22 år gammel kvinne en unruptured rett frontal AVM diagnostisert under et anfall workup, som ble behandlet via trinnvis embolizations etterfulgt av åpen kirurgisk resection.

En 22-år gamle tidligere sunn kvinne presentert med nye utbruddet beslag. Ikke kontrast hodet CT var negativ for akutt blødning, men avslørte en ufullstendig preget rett frontpartiet lesjonen. Mr vist en ca 2.9 x 2.4 cm Spetzler-Martin klasse 3 AVM innenfor den rett superior frontal gyrus (figur 1), med store drenering kortikale årer skal overlegen sagittal sinus, og en arterial tilførsel via store grener av høyre arteria cerebri. Pasienten gjennomgikk flere trinnvi...

Watch this Scientific Journal Video about Comprehensive Endovascular and Open Surgical Management of Cerebral Arteriovenous Malformations at JoVE.com

Comprehensive Endovascular and Open Surgical Management of Cerebral Arteriovenous Malformations

Kirurgi er gullstandarden for tilgjengelig arteriovenious misdannelser (AVMs), og pre-operative embolisering kan forenkle denne prosedyren. Vi beskriver vår tilnærming for trinnvis endovascular embolisering og åpne fjernelse av AVMs, og gir et representativt klinisk eksempel fremhever fordelene ved en grundig utdannet nevrovaskulære kirurg leder et tverrfaglig klinisk team .

Omfattende Endovascular og åpne kirurgisk behandling av Cerebral Arteriovenøs misdannelser

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