Name: in vitro methods for comparing target binding and cdc induction between therapeutic antibodies: applications in biosimilarity analysis
Uploaded: 2017-05-04T13:00:00
Description: Watch this Scientific Journal Video about In Vitro Methods for Comparing Target Binding and CDC Induction Between Therapeutic Antibodies: Applications in Biosimilarity Analysis at JoVE.com

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フローサイトメトリーによる標的結合の評価<ol><li> 生物学的材料および試薬の調製 <ol><li> 10％熱不活性化ウシ胎仔血清（H-IFBS）を添加したRPMI培地500mLを調製する。 </li><li>培養Daudi Burkittのリンパ腫（Daudi）細胞およびDaudi GFP +細胞（RPMIおよび75cm 2培養フラスコを使用）。 5％CO 2加湿雰囲気で37℃、6〜9×10 5細胞/ mLになるまで培養物を維持する。 </l...

<ol>
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A., et al. <a target="_blank" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?db=PubMed&cmd=Search&doptcmdl=Citation&defaultField=Title+Word&term=Engineered+antibody+Fc+variants+with+enhanced+effector+function.">Engineered antibody Fc variants with enhanced effector function.</a> Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 103 (11), 4005-4010 (2006).</li><li>Winiarska, M., et al. <a target="_blank" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?db=PubMed&cmd=Search&doptcmdl=Citation&defaultField=Title+Word&term=Statins+impair+antitumor+effects+of+rituximab+by+inducing+conformational+changes+of+CD20.">Statins impair antitumor effects of rituximab by inducing conformational changes of CD20.</a> PLoS medicine. 5 (3), e64 (2008).</li><li>Zhou, X., Hu, W., Qin, X. <a target="_blank" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?db=PubMed&cmd=Search&doptcmdl=Citation&defaultField=Title+Word&term=The+role+of+complement+in+the+mechanism+of+action+of+rituximab+for+B-cell+lymphoma:+implications+for+therapy.">The role of complement in the mechanism of action of rituximab for B-cell lymphoma: implications for therapy.</a> Oncologist. 13 (9), 954-966 (2008).</li><li>Hayashi, K., et al. <a target="_blank" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?db=PubMed&cmd=Search&doptcmdl=Citation&defaultField=Title+Word&term=Gemcitabine+enhances+rituximab-mediated+complement-dependent+cytotoxicity+to+B+cell+lymphoma+by+CD20+upregulation.">Gemcitabine enhances rituximab-mediated complement-dependent cytotoxicity to B cell lymphoma by CD20 upregulation.</a> Cancer Sci. 107 (5), 682-689 (2016).</li><li>Mossner, E., et al. <a target="_blank" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?db=PubMed&cmd=Search&doptcmdl=Citation&defaultField=Title+Word&term=Increasing+the+efficacy+of+CD20+antibody+therapy+through+the+engineering+of+a+new+type+II+anti-CD20+antibody+with+enhanced+direct+and+immune+effector+cell-mediated+B-cell+cytotoxicity.">Increasing the efficacy of CD20 antibody therapy through the engineering of a new type II anti-CD20 antibody with enhanced direct and immune effector cell-mediated B-cell cytotoxicity.</a> Blood. 115 (22), 4393-4402 (2010).</li><li>Lapalombella, R., et al. <a target="_blank" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?db=PubMed&cmd=Search&doptcmdl=Citation&defaultField=Title+Word&term=A+novel+Raji-Burkitt's+lymphoma+model+for+preclinical+and+mechanistic+evaluation+of+CD52-targeted+immunotherapeutic+agents.">A novel Raji-Burkitt's lymphoma model for preclinical and mechanistic evaluation of CD52-targeted immunotherapeutic agents.</a> Clin Cancer Res. 14 (2), 569-578 (2008).</li><li>Mitoma, H., et al. <a target="_blank" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?db=PubMed&cmd=Search&doptcmdl=Citation&defaultField=Title+Word&term=Mechanisms+for+cytotoxic+effects+of+anti-tumor+necrosis+factor+agents+on+transmembrane+tumor+necrosis+factor+alpha-expressing+cells:+comparison+among+infliximab,+etanercept,+and+adalimumab.">Mechanisms for cytotoxic effects of anti-tumor necrosis factor agents on transmembrane tumor necrosis factor alpha-expressing cells: comparison among infliximab, etanercept, and adalimumab.</a> Arthritis Rheum. 58 (5), 1248-1257 (2008).</li><li>Kaymakcalan, Z., et al. <a target="_blank" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?db=PubMed&cmd=Search&doptcmdl=Citation&defaultField=Title+Word&term=Comparisons+of+affinities,+avidities,+and+complement+activation+of+adalimumab,+infliximab,+and+etanercept+in+binding+to+soluble+and+membrane+tumor+necrosis+factor.">Comparisons of affinities, avidities, and complement activation of adalimumab, infliximab, and etanercept in binding to soluble and membrane tumor necrosis factor.</a> Clin Immunol. 131 (2), 308-316 (2009).</li><li>Zent, C. S., et al. <a target="_blank" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?db=PubMed&cmd=Search&doptcmdl=Citation&defaultField=Title+Word&term=Direct+and+complement+dependent+cytotoxicity+in+CLL+cells+from+patients+with+high-risk+early-intermediate+stage+chronic+lymphocytic+leukemia+(CLL)+treated+with+alemtuzumab+and+rituximab.">Direct and complement dependent cytotoxicity in CLL cells from patients with high-risk early-intermediate stage chronic lymphocytic leukemia (CLL) treated with alemtuzumab and rituximab.</a> Leuk Res. 32 (12), 1849-1856 (2008).</li><li>Goswami, M. T., et al. <a target="_blank" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?db=PubMed&cmd=Search&doptcmdl=Citation&defaultField=Title+Word&term=Regulation+of+complement-dependent+cytotoxicity+by+TGF-beta-induced+epithelial-mesenchymal+transition.">Regulation of complement-dependent cytotoxicity by TGF-beta-induced epithelial-mesenchymal transition.</a> Oncogene. 35 (15), 1888-1898 (2016).</li><li>Wang, A., et al. <a target="_blank" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?db=PubMed&cmd=Search&doptcmdl=Citation&defaultField=Title+Word&term=Induction+of+anti-EGFR+immune+response+with+mimotopes+identified+from+a+phage+display+peptide+library+by+panitumumab.">Induction of anti-EGFR immune response with mimotopes identified from a phage display peptide library by panitumumab.</a> Oncotarget. , (2016).</li><li>Ueda, N., et al. <a target="_blank" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?db=PubMed&cmd=Search&doptcmdl=Citation&defaultField=Title+Word&term=The+cytotoxic+effects+of+certolizumab+pegol+and+golimumab+mediated+by+transmembrane+tumor+necrosis+factor+alpha.">The cytotoxic effects of certolizumab pegol and golimumab mediated by transmembrane tumor necrosis factor alpha.</a> Inflamm Bowel Dis. 19 (6), 1224-1231 (2013).</li><li>Nesbitt, A., et al. <a target="_blank" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?db=PubMed&cmd=Search&doptcmdl=Citation&defaultField=Title+Word&term=Mechanism+of+action+of+certolizumab+pegol+(CDP870):+in+vitro+comparison+with+other+anti-tumor+necrosis+factor+alpha+agents.">Mechanism of action of certolizumab pegol (CDP870): in vitro comparison with other anti-tumor necrosis factor alpha agents.</a> Inflamm Bowel Dis. 13 (11), 1323-1332 (2007).</li><li>Teeling, J. 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治療用mAbの特許満了により、バイオシミラーの開発が促進されている。したがって、これらの製品の臨床的に関連する活動における差異を特定することができる簡単な方法が必要とされている。 CD20 +培養細胞を、リツキシマブ：標的結合およびCDC誘導の2つの重要な機能特性の評価のために用いた。前者の活性はmAbのFab領域によるCD20の認識を必要とするが、後者は主にFc領域とその相...

治療用抗体は、癌、自己免疫疾患および慢性疾患、神経障害、および他の1を含む種々の病状の治療のために開発された組換えモノクローナル抗体（mAb）です。現在、FDAは、40の以上の治療のmAbを承認した、とよりは、次の年に市場に達すると予想されています。 リツキシマブは、CD20 + B細胞非ホジキンリンパ腫（NHL）、CD20 +濾胞性NHL、慢性リンパ球性白血病、および慢性関節リウマチ2,3の治療のために承認された高親和性キメラモノクローナルIgG1抗体です。リツキシマブによるB細胞において過剰発現されるCD20の認識は、アポトーシスを誘導します。補体活性化。および抗体依存性細胞媒介性細胞傷害（ADCC）3。この薬の特許は2013年と2016年にヨーロッパで、米国で期限切れそれぞれ、したがって、世界中の製薬企業はリツキシマブ・バイオシミラーを開発している。他のヒト麻薬薬と同様に、バイオシミラーは規制当局の承認を必要とする。国際ガイドラインによると、モノクローナル抗体では、新生物および参照産物の物理化学的特性、薬物動態、有効性、および安全性を比較することによって、生体親和性を実証する必要がある4 。 したがって、そのような比較に使用される方法論は、mAb、特に臨床的に関連性のあるものの構造的および機能的特性を評価しなければならない。そのために、 in vitroアッセイは、in vivo実験（Chapman et al。で概説されている ） 5に比べていくつかの利点を示す：i） in vitro研究は、提案されたバイオシミラーと参照産物との間の差異により敏感である。 ii） in vivo試験は、関連する種において実施されなければならず、多くのmAbについて、非ヒト霊長類; iii）作用機序、前臨床毒性学、および参照産物の臨床効果は周知であるため、バイオシミラーを用いたインビボ研究はさらなる有用な情報を提供しない可能性がある。したがって、欧州連合（EU）のバイオシミラーのガイダンスにより、候補者は強力なインビトロデータのみに基づいて臨床試験に入ることができる6 。 ここでは、CD20 +培養細胞を用いたリツキシマブの生物学的活性を評価する2つの迅速、経済的、および単純なアッセイを提示する。これらのアッセイは、リツキシマブのバイオシミラー候補の比較練習の一部として含めることができます。

<table border="1" fo:keep-together.within-page="1" fo:keep-with-next.within-page="always">
	<tbody>
		<tr>
			<td>RPMI-1640 medium</td>
			<td>ATCC</td>
			<td>30-2001</td>
			<td>Modify the culture depending on the cell line</td>
		</tr>
		<tr>
			<td>Trypan Blue solution</td>
			<td>Sigma</td>
			<td>T8154</td>
			<td>0.4%, liquid, sterile-filtered, suitable for cell culture</td>
		</tr>
		<tr>
			<td>Daudi Burkitt&#39;s Lymphoma Cells</td>
			<td>ATCC</td>
			<td>CCL-213</td>
			<td>You can modify the cell line depending on the antibody of interest</td>
		</tr>
		<tr>
			<td>Fetal bovine serum(FBS)</td>
			<td>GIBCO</td>
			<td>16000-044</td>
			<td>You can modify the source of serum depending of requirements of the cell line</td>
		</tr>
		<tr>
			<td>Normal Human Serum Complement</td>
			<td>Quidel</td>
			<td>A113</td>
			<td>It is therefore appropriate for use in biocompatibility experiments including drug development, biomaterials testing and other applications</td>
		</tr>
		<tr>
			<td>7AA-D</td>
			<td>BDPharmigen</td>
			<td>559925</td>
			<td>You can use broad range of color options, compatible with most instrument configurations for to analyze viability.</td>
		</tr>
		<tr>
			<td>PECy5 Mouse Anti-human IgG</td>
			<td>BDPharmigen</td>
			<td>551497</td>
			<td>Change fluorochrome depending on the filter and laser of your flow cytometer.</td>
		</tr>
		<tr>
			<td>Human IgG Isotype Control</td>
			<td>ThermoFisher Scientific</td>
			<td>07-7102</td>
			<td>Change depending to mAb</td>
		</tr>
		<tr>
			<td>BDCytofix</td>
			<td>BDPharmigen</td>
			<td>554655</td>
			<td>Flow Cytometry Fixation Buffer (1-4% formaldehyde or paraformaldehyde )</td>
		</tr>
		<tr>
			<td>PBS pH 7.4 10X (Phosphate buffer saline)</td>
			<td>GIBCO</td>
			<td>70011-044</td>
			<td>Phosphatebuffer without Ca2+/Mg2+ [137 mM NaCl, 2.7 mM KCl, 8 mM Na2HPO4, 1.46 mM KH2PO4] and endotoxin free.</td>
		</tr>
		<tr>
			<td>Cell culture plates 96 well, V-bottom</td>
			<td>Corning</td>
			<td>29442-068</td>
			<td>12 x 75 mm round bottom test tubes or 96-well V- or U- bottom microtiter plates</td>
		</tr>
		<tr>
			<td>MabThera (Rituximab)</td>
			<td>Roche</td>
			<td>&#8212;</td>
			<td>Reference product</td>
		</tr>
		<tr>
			<td>Rituximab</td>
			<td>Indian</td>
			<td>&#8212;</td>
			<td>Biosimilar product</td>
		</tr>
		<tr>
			<td>15- or 50-mL conical centrifuge tubes</td>
			<td>Corning</td>
			<td>430290 or 430052</td>
			<td>&#8212;</td>
		</tr>
		<tr>
			<td>Pipette Tips</td>
			<td>Eppendorf</td>
			<td>&#8212;</td>
			<td>Multiple volume configurations are necessary</td>
		</tr>
		<tr>
			<td>Pipettes</td>
			<td>Eppendorf</td>
			<td>&#8212;</td>
			<td>Adjustable-volume pipettes are necessary</td>
		</tr>
		<tr>
			<td>Centrifuge 5430/ 5430R model</td>
			<td>Eppendorf</td>
			<td>&#8212;</td>
			<td>Refrigerated variable-speed centrifuge (4 to 25 &#176; C) with speeds ranging from 10 to 30,130 &#215; g</td>
		</tr>
		<tr>
			<td>Flow cytometer</td>
			<td>BD Dickinson</td>
			<td>&#8212;</td>
			<td>BD FACSAria III or other flow cytometer</td>
		</tr>
		<tr>
			<td>Olympus optical and light microscope</td>
			<td>Olympus</td>
			<td>&#8212;</td>
			<td>To quantify and evaluate cell growth</td>
		</tr>
		<tr>
			<td>Incubator</td>
			<td>SANYO</td>
			<td>&#8212;</td>
			<td>Incubatorfor temperature andCO2 control to culture cells</td>
		</tr>
		<tr>
			<td>Biological Safety Cabinet</td>
			<td>CHC BIOLUS</td>
			<td>&#8212;</td>
			<td>Biological safety cabinet that is used to protect the researcher, product and environment.</td>
		</tr>
	</tbody>
</table>

in vitro methods for comparing target binding and cdc induction between therapeutic antibodies: applications in biosimilarity analysis

治療用モノクローナル抗体（mAb）は、癌を含む様々な病状の治療に関連する。製薬企業によるバイオシミラーmAbの開発は市場機会であるが、薬物接近性を高め、治療関連コストを削減する戦略でもある。本明細書で詳述するプロトコルは、Daudi細胞におけるリツキシマブによる標的結合およびCDC誘導の評価を記載する。これらの2つの機能は、抗体の異なる構造領域を必要とし、リツキシマブによって誘発される臨床効果に関連する。これらのプロトコールは、参照リツキシマブと市販のリツキシマブバイオシミラーの横から縦の比較を可能にする。評価された製品は、標的結合およびCDC誘導の両方において差異を示し、基礎的な物理化学的な相違点があることを示唆し、臨床設定におけるこれらの相違の影響を分析する必要性を強調した。ここに報告された方法は、単純で安価なin vitro &lt;リツキシマブ・バイオシミラーの活性の評価のためのモデルである。したがって、それらは、バイオシミラーの開発中、ならびにバイオシミラー生成における品質管理のために有用であり得る。さらに、提示された方法は、他の治療用mAbに外挿することができる。

上記のプロトコルを用いて、標的結合および参照リツキシマブのCDC誘導を、アジアで産生され市販されているバイオシミラーリツキシマブのものと並行して比較した。 Daudi細胞では、両方のmAbがCD20に濃度依存的に結合した（ 図1D ）。結合データの非線形回帰は、参照およびバイオシミラーのリツキシマブそ?...

Watch this Scientific Journal Video about In Vitro Methods for Comparing Target Binding and CDC Induction Between Therapeutic Antibodies: Applications in Biosimilarity Analysis at JoVE.com

In Vitro Methods for Comparing Target Binding and CDC Induction Between Therapeutic Antibodies: Applications in Biosimilarity Analysis

このプロトコルは、リツキシマブの2つの重要な機能特性、すなわち標的結合および補体依存性細胞傷害（CDC）誘導のin vitro比較を記載する。この方法は、参照リツキシマブとリツキシマブバイオシミラーとの間での左右比較のために用いられた。これらのアッセイは、バイオシミラーの開発中またはその製造における品質管理として使用することができる。

治療抗体間の標的結合およびCDC誘導を比較するためのインビトロ法：Biosimilarity Analysisにおける応用

Therapeutic monoclonal antibodies (mAbs) are relevant to the treatment of different pathologies, including cancers. The development of biosimilar mAbs by ...

Research

JoVE Journal

Immunology and Infection

In Vitro Methods for Comparing Target Binding and CDC Induction Between Therapeutic Antibodies: Applications in Biosimilarity Analysis

Human T Lymphocyte Isolation, Culture and Analysis of Migration In Vitro

Human T Lymphocyte Isolation, Culture and Analysis of Migration In Vitro

移行のヒトTリンパ球の単離、培養および解析インビトロ</em

The migration of T lymphocytes involves the adhesive interaction of cell surface integrins with ligands expressed on other cells or with extracellular ...

Introducing Shear Stress in the Study of Bacterial Adhesion

細菌付着の研究ではせん断応力を導入する

During bacterial infections a sequence of interactions occur between the pathogen and its host. Bacterial adhesion to the host cell surface is often the ...

Establishing a Liquid-covered Culture of Polarized Human Airway Epithelial Calu-3 Cells to Study Host Cell Response to Respiratory Pathogens In vitro

Establishing a Liquid-covered Culture of Polarized Human Airway Epithelial Calu-3 Cells to Study Host Cell Response to Respiratory Pathogens In vitro

呼吸器病原体に対する宿主細胞応答を研究するために偏ヒト気道上皮Calu-3細胞の液体に覆われた文化の確立<em&gt;インビトロ</em

The  apical and basolateral surfaces of airway epithelial cells demonstrate  directional responses to pathogen exposure in  vivo. Thus, ideal in vitro ...

Total Protein Extraction and 2-D Gel Electrophoresis Methods for Burkholderia Species

Total Protein Extraction and 2-D Gel Electrophoresis Methods for Burkholderia Species

全タンパク質の抽出および2次元ゲル電気泳動法のための<em&gt;バークホルデリア</em&gt;種

The investigation of  the intracellular protein levels of bacterial species is of importance to  understanding the pathogenic mechanisms of diseases ...

A Novel In vitro Model for Studying the Interactions Between Human Whole Blood and Endothelium

A Novel In vitro Model for Studying the Interactions Between Human Whole Blood and Endothelium

小説<em&gt;インビトロ</em&gt;ヒト全血と内皮の間の相互作用を研究するためのモデル

The majority of all known diseases are accompanied by disorders of the cardiovascular system. Studies into the complexity of the interacting pathways ...

Neutrophil Isolation and Analysis to Determine their Role in Lymphoma Cell Sensitivity to Therapeutic Agents

治療薬にリンパ腫細胞の感度での役割を決定するために、好中球の単離と解析

Neutrophils are the most abundant (40% to 75%) type of white blood cells and among the first inflammatory cells to migrate towards the site of ...

An In Vitro Caseum Binding Assay that Predicts Drug Penetration in Tuberculosis Lesions

An In Vitro Caseum Binding Assay that Predicts Drug Penetration in Tuberculosis Lesions

アン<em&gt;インビトロ</em&gt;結核病変における薬物侵入を予測するカゼウム結合アッセイ

The eradication of tuberculosis disease requires drug regimens that can penetrate the multiple layers of complex pulmonary lesions. Drug distribution in ...

Induction of Paralysis and Visual System Injury in Mice by T Cells Specific for Neuromyelitis Optica Autoantigen Aquaporin-4

麻痺、視神経脊髄炎自己抗原アクアポリン 4 の T 細胞特定のマウスの視覚系障害の誘導

While it is recognized that aquaporin-4 (AQP4)-specific T cells and antibodies participate in the pathogenesis of neuromyelitis optica (NMO), a human ...

Alternative In Vitro Methods for the Determination of Viral Capsid Structural Integrity

Alternative In Vitro Methods for the Determination of Viral Capsid Structural Integrity

代替体外ウイルスのカプシド構造健全性の定量方法

Human norovirus exacts considerable public health and economic losses worldwide. Emerging in vitro cultivation advances are not yet applicable for routine ...

Human Colonoid Monolayers to Study Interactions Between Pathogens, Commensals, and Host Intestinal Epithelium

病原体、共生生物、およびホストの腸上皮間の相互作用を研究する人間 Colonoid 単分子膜

Human 3-dimensional (3D) enteroid or colonoid cultures derived from crypt base stem cells are currently the most advanced ex vivo model of the intestinal ...